CN108386168A - Equipment for exploiting thick oil by utilizing energy-gathered pulses and using method thereof - Google Patents
Equipment for exploiting thick oil by utilizing energy-gathered pulses and using method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108386168A CN108386168A CN201810174997.0A CN201810174997A CN108386168A CN 108386168 A CN108386168 A CN 108386168A CN 201810174997 A CN201810174997 A CN 201810174997A CN 108386168 A CN108386168 A CN 108386168A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 25
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- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 28
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses equipment for exploiting thick oil by utilizing energy-gathering pulses in the field of thick oil exploitation and a using method thereof. The thickened oil is softened by energy-gathering pulses and then mined, so that the mining efficiency is greatly improved, the energy consumption is only one tenth or even less than that of the traditional energy consumption, the cost is low, and the environmental pollution is small.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to thickened oil recovery fields, and in particular to it is a kind of using energy-gathering pulse carry out thickened oil recovery equipment and its
Application method.
Background technology
Viscous crude refers under formation condition, and viscosity is more than 50 millipascal seconds, or degassed crude viscosity is l000 under reservoir temperature
The high viscosity heavy crude of~10000 millipascal seconds.In the oil exploitation in oil field, viscous crude has special high viscosity and Gao Ning
Solid point characteristic all encounters some technical barriers in the various aspects of development and application.For production technique, colloid, asphalitine
Mobility of the crude oil in reservoir and pit shaft is caused to be deteriorated with long chain paraffin, it is desirable that implement the tertiary oil recovery technique side of high investment
Method.Height glues, the conveying of High viscosity crude must use more powerful pumping equipment, and in order to reach rational pump displacement,
It is required that transport system heat or being diluted processing to crude oil.According to relevant information, the storage of China's viscous crude
Amount occupies the 7th in the world, hitherto it is found that having 9 large and medium-sized oil basins and large number of heavy crude reservoir block.The world
Various countries are all that first exploitation is easier to exploitation, lighter crude oil in the evolution of petroleum industry.The state of foreign oil large storage capacity
Family, because its is resourceful and heavy crude producing is of high cost, risk is big, not yet puts on the agenda heavy crude producing.Once getting thick
Oil well is usually used the method for shut-in well, lies over, without exploiting except part is exploited to meet industrial production outer.
With gradually decreasing compared with light crude resource, it has to start to exploit the mink cell focus of some more difficult exploitations, therefore
The share of mink cell focus gradually increases in world oil yield.In recent years, China also accelerates the exploitation of viscous crude, at present viscous crude
Yield accounted for 1/10th or so of national oil annual output.Improving the thinking of heavy crude reservoir yield at present mainly reduces
Viscosity of thickened oil improves Reservoir Permeability, increases producing pressure differential.Main mature technology be heat extraction by steam injection, combustion in situ, hot water+
Chemical huffpuff is taken sand cooling and is adopted etc..The problem of these methods are primarily present is exactly that recovery ratio is relatively low, and it is huge more to there is energy consumption cost
Greatly, the problems such as environmentally friendly.No matter which kind of mode is taken, the problem of greatest problem that thickened oil recovery faces is exactly cost of winning.Especially
In the case where current international oil price variation is larger, this problem is the main bugbear of current thickened oil recovery.
Invention content
The object of the invention is being provided in a kind of equipment and its application method carrying out thickened oil recovery using energy-gathering pulse, with solution
Technological deficiency certainly existing in the prior art.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of equipment carrying out thickened oil recovery using energy-gathering pulse, including well
Upper device and downhole hardware, device includes controller, power supply and energy-gathering pulse generator on well, and downhole hardware includes cumulative arteries and veins
Punching release electrode, power supply are connect with controller and energy-gathering pulse generator respectively, and energy-gathering pulse generator is discharged with energy-gathering pulse
Electrode is connected by cable, and controller is connect by optical fiber with energy-gathering pulse generator to control the generation of energy-gathering pulse generator
The shock wave released for energy-gathering pulse release electrode.
Preferably, downhole hardware further includes energy-storing device, and energy-storing device is located at energy-gathering pulse generator and energy-gathering pulse release electricity
Savings are carried out with the energy generated to energy-gathering pulse generator between pole and are sent to energy-gathering pulse by the energy after saving is completed
Release electrode is discharged, and energy-storing device is also connect by optical fiber with controller.
Preferably, energy-gathering pulse generator is Marx generators.
Preferably, Marx generators are inductance isolated form Marx generators.
Preferably, power supply is AC/DC power supplys, and the output power of AC/DC power supplys is 60KW, output voltage 30KV.
Above equipment is relied on, carrying out viscous crude the present invention also provides a kind of equipment using energy-gathering pulse thickened oil recovery opens
The method adopted, includes the following steps：
S1：Controller, power supply and energy-gathering pulse generator are arranged in position on well, and cable and energy-gathering pulse will be passed through
The energy-gathering pulse release electrode of generator connection is put into thick oil underground well；
S2：Power supply is opened, controlling energy-gathering pulse generator by controller opens, and persistently exports energy-gathering pulse；
S3：After viscous crude is thinning, energy-gathering pulse generator is controlled by controller and is closed.
Preferably, when controlling the unlatching of energy-gathering pulse generator by controller in S2, energy-storing device is also controlled by controller
It opens, makes energy-gathering pulse energy stores in energy-storing device.
Preferably, when energy-gathering pulse energy stores full in energy-storing device, energy-gathering pulse generator is closed by controller, and lead to
It crosses controller control energy-storing device and transfers its energy to energy-gathering pulse release electrode progress energy release.
The invention has the advantages that：
1, the equipment for carrying out thickened oil recovery using energy-gathering pulse of the invention, after viscous crude is softened by energy-gathering pulse again into
Row exploitation substantially increases production efficiency, and with exploitation, low energy consumption, at low cost, the small feature of environmental pollution.
2, the present invention increases energy-storing device between energy-gathering pulse generator and energy-gathering pulse release electrode, can be by cumulative
Release is concentrated after the energy accumulating that impulse generator generates, and is greatly improved the effect of viscous crude softening.
Below with reference to accompanying drawings, the present invention is described in further detail.
Description of the drawings
The attached drawing constituted part of this application is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, schematic reality of the invention
Example and its explanation are applied for explaining the present invention, is not constituted improper limitations of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is a kind of device structure block diagram using energy-gathering pulse thickened oil recovery of the preferred embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the relational graph of inductance and the number of turns.
In figure, 1, power supply；2, controller；3, energy-gathering pulse generator；4, energy-gathering pulse discharges electrode；5, energy-storing device.
Specific implementation mode
The embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with attached drawing, but the present invention can be defined by the claims
Implement with the multitude of different ways of covering.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of equipment carrying out thickened oil recovery using energy-gathering pulse, referring to figure
Device and downhole hardware on 1, including well, device includes controller 2, power supply 1 and energy-gathering pulse generator 3, underground dress on well
It sets and discharges electrode 4 including energy-gathering pulse, power supply 1 is connect with controller 2 and energy-gathering pulse generator 3 respectively, and energy-gathering pulse occurs
Device 3 is connect with energy-gathering pulse release electrode 4 by cable, and controller 2 is connect with energy-gathering pulse generator 3 to control by optical fiber
Energy-gathering pulse generator 3 processed generates the shock wave released for energy-gathering pulse release electrode 4.
Device includes power supply 1, controller 2 and energy-gathering pulse generator 3 on well, and the high energy high pressure that power supply 1 generates passes through electricity
Cable is transmitted in energy-gathering pulse equipment, and discharging electrode 4 by energy-gathering pulse after 3 cumulative of energy-gathering pulse generator is discharged.
Under High Voltage electric field action, the energy-gathering pulse in viscous crude discharges 4 launching electronics of electrode, the liquid point near animating electrode
Son.The electronics being ionized out in the electronics and liquid of electrode emission ionizes out more electronics by highfield acceleration between electrode.
The region that fluid molecule is ionized forms plasma channel.With the extension of ionized space, discharge channel is formed between electrode,
Liquid is breakdown.After discharge channel generates, due to discharge resistance very little, the discharge current of tens kilo-amperes will be generated.Discharge current
Channel circumference liquid is heated, liquid vaporization and rapid expansion outward are made.The air cavity expanded rapidly generates powerful in aqueous medium
Shock wave.Shock wave is acted in a manner of momentum or surge and is around situated between with the difference of discharge current and discharge time
Matter.Being equivalent to oil reservoir impact using fluid pulse makes oil reservoir become loosely to improve oil recovery ratio.Energy-gathering pulse
The shock wave of generation can generate thousands of times of acceleration of gravity, and around discharge channel, discharge current evokes the wink of Gausses up to ten thousand
Varying magnetic field, changing magnetic field establish electric field and upper kilo-ampere electric current in viscous crude in conductor fluid, high-intensity magnetic field generates oil reservoir medium
Strong polarization.Energy-gathering pulse generates plasma (plasma pulse), acts on viscous crude strand.Plasma pulse skill
Art chooses basic hydrocarbon molecules, breaks strand, makes itself to become smaller to by fine pore, viscous crude permeability
It is improved.Controller 2 can be adjusted the shape of energy-gathering pulse, wavelength and amplitude, can be adapted for Viscosity of Heavy Crude Oil not
Same various situations.
Preferably, downhole hardware further includes energy-storing device 5, and energy-storing device 5 is located at energy-gathering pulse generator 3 and is discharged with energy-gathering pulse
Savings are carried out with the energy generated to energy-gathering pulse generator 3 between electrode 4 and are sent to cumulative by the energy after saving is completed
Pulse release electrode 4 is discharged, and energy-storing device 5 is also connect by optical fiber with controller 2.
Since viscous crude is located at the deeper below place of bottom, the energy that energy-gathering pulse generator 3 generates, which has, greatly to be consumed
On cable between connection energy-gathering pulse generator 3 and energy-gathering pulse release electrode 4, reaches energy-gathering pulse and discharge electrode 4
On energy may decrease to the effect that viscous crude softens.Therefore electrode 4 is discharged in energy-gathering pulse generator 3 and energy-gathering pulse
Between installed energy-storing device 5 additional, make energy first assemble in energy-storing device 5, then by energy-gathering pulse discharge electrode 4 released
It puts.To improve viscous crude softening rate, production efficiency is promoted.Energy-storing device 5 carries out control control by controller on well 2, can be in real time
Observe energy storage state, and energy release time and number are determined with the flow condition according to viscous crude
Preferably, energy-gathering pulse generator 3 is Marx generators.
Preferably, Marx generators are inductance isolated form Marx generators.
Inductance isolated form Marx generators can greatly reduce the charging time, when can more reduce to repetitive operation
The requirement of Marx generators fever.The charging voltages of inductance isolated form Marx generators need according to the maximum voltage value of cable come
It determines, to prevent cable from breaking down.And when considering certain surplus, series is set as 3-10 grades, therefore every grade of capacitance is
4.8uF.Therefore, isolation inductance, main capacitance and the switch of inductance isolated form Marx generators are required for carrying out special designing.
The calculating of inductance is isolated：According to inductance reckoner, the inductance of single layer helix tube：
Wherein N is the number of turns, and D is the diameter of helix tube, and Φ is the value changed with A/D, and wherein A is the length of helix tube.This
In, D=154mm, A=240mm.It can so be found by table：Φ=4.91, numerical value in substitution, can obtain inductance and the number of turns
Relationship, as shown in Figure 2.It is 15 circles to take N.Meanwhile a diameter of d of conducting wire is enabled, then the first correction term of inductance：
Wherein：Meanwhile second correction term be：
It is J be with the relevant value of the number of turns, the number of turns N be 15, J=-0.2857.
In calculating, if it is 15 to take the number of turns N, and diameter of wire d is 1.0mm, can obtain inductance：
The selection of main capacitance：
According to above-mentioned calculating, main capacitance operating voltage 10kV, capacitance 4.8uF, it is contemplated that underground size and work shape
State chooses oil immersed type impulse capacitor, and capacitor is cylinder, according to underground size, the cross-sectional area of capacitor is selected, in axis
Extend to direction, by multiple parallel ways to meet condenser capacity demand.The volume of associated capacitor for specific customization and
At.
The design of switch：
It is the key that ensure that Marx generators can work normally for the design switched in Marx generators, design two
Kind switch electrode, the entire Marx first order and the second level, using I type electrodes, the third level is to the tenth grade using II grades of electrodes.I types
Electrode, which is field, enhances electrode, enhances electrode using field by preceding two-stage, it is ensured that the preferential conducting of two-stage before Marx, and residue 10
Grade uses II type homogeneous electrodes, it is possible to prevente effectively from preferential conducting occurs, to prevent Marx from effectively establishing electric discharge.And for
The determination of main gap needs to estimate disruptive field intensity, and the breakdown relational expression of air or nitrogen is under quiescent voltage:
P is the inner gas pressure (0.1MPa) of switch, d in formulaeffIt is the enhanced intensity factor for electrode effective distance (cm), f.
For plate electrode：deff/ d=1.0, f=1.0.Wherein d is two interelectrode distances (cm), then, breakdown voltage Ubr=Eb
× d (kV) can be obtained.
Preferably, power supply 1 is AC/DC power supplys, and the output power of AC/DC power supplys is 60KW, output voltage 30KV.
According to the demand of downhole production, the output power of power supply 1 is 60KW, output voltage 30KV.
Above equipment is relied on, carrying out viscous crude the present invention also provides a kind of equipment using energy-gathering pulse thickened oil recovery opens
The method adopted, includes the following steps：
S1：Controller 2, power supply 1 and energy-gathering pulse generator 3 are arranged in position on well, and cable and cumulative will be passed through
The energy-gathering pulse release electrode 4 that impulse generator 3 connects is put into thick oil underground well.
S2：Power supply 1 is opened, controlling energy-gathering pulse generator 3 by controller 2 opens, and persistently exports energy-gathering pulse.
S3：After viscous crude is thinning, energy-gathering pulse generator 3 is controlled by controller 2 and is closed.
Preferably, when controlling 3 unlatching of energy-gathering pulse generator by controller 2 in S2, also pass through controller 2 and control energy storage
Device 5 is opened, and makes energy-gathering pulse energy stores in energy-storing device 5.
Preferably, when energy-gathering pulse energy stores full in energy-storing device 5, energy-gathering pulse generator 3 is closed by controller 2,
And energy-storing device 5 is controlled by controller 2 and transfers its energy to the energy-gathering pulse release progress energy release of electrode 4.
To verify equipment effect, the present embodiment devises a kind of being opened using energy-gathering pulse progress viscous crude for suitable ground experiment
The experimental provision adopted.The voltage 50kv of energy-gathering pulse generating means, energy 300-500J；The output power of power supply 1 is 20KW, defeated
It is 30KV to go out voltage.The data measured by experimental provision are as shown in the table：
When temperature and plant capacity rise, related experiment result gradually improves, and the viscous crude after softening can meet open
Adopt demand.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, for the skill of this field
For art personnel, the invention may be variously modified and varied.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any made by repair
Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of equipment carrying out thickened oil recovery using energy-gathering pulse, including device and downhole hardware on well, which is characterized in that institute
It includes energy-gathering pulse that state device on well, which include controller (2), power supply (1) and energy-gathering pulse generator (3), the downhole hardware,
Electrode (4) is discharged, the power supply (1) connect with controller (2) and energy-gathering pulse generator (3) respectively, the energy-gathering pulse hair
Raw device (3) is connect with energy-gathering pulse release electrode (4) by cable, and the controller (2) is gathered by optical fiber with described
Energy impulse generator (3) connection is generated with controlling energy-gathering pulse generator (3) for energy-gathering pulse release electrode (4) releasing
Shock wave.
2. a kind of equipment carrying out thickened oil recovery using energy-gathering pulse according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the well
Lower device further includes energy-storing device (5), and the energy-storing device (5) is connected to the energy-gathering pulse generator (3) and the energy-gathering pulse
Savings are carried out with the energy generated to energy-gathering pulse generator (3) between release electrode (4) and are passed the energy after saving is completed
It send to energy-gathering pulse release electrode (4) and is discharged, the energy-storing device (5) also connect with the controller (2).
3. a kind of equipment carrying out thickened oil recovery using energy-gathering pulse according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the storage
Energy device (5) is connect with the controller (2) by optical fiber.
4. a kind of equipment carrying out thickened oil recovery using energy-gathering pulse according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described poly-
Energy impulse generator (3) is Marx generators.
5. a kind of equipment carrying out thickened oil recovery using energy-gathering pulse according to claim 4, which is characterized in that described
Marx generators are inductance isolated form Marx generators.
6. according to a kind of any equipment carrying out thickened oil recovery using energy-gathering pulse of claim 1-5, which is characterized in that
The power supply (1) is AC/DC power supplys, and the output power of the AC/DC power supplys is 60KW, output voltage 30KV.
7. a kind of method that equipment using the thickened oil recovery described in claim 6 carries out thickened oil recovery, which is characterized in that including
Following steps：
S1：Controller (2), power supply (1) and energy-gathering pulse generator (3) are arranged in position on well, and cable and institute will be passed through
The energy-gathering pulse release electrode (4) for stating energy-gathering pulse generator (3) connection is put into thick oil underground well；
S2：Power supply (1) is opened, controlling energy-gathering pulse generator (3) by controller (2) opens, and persistently exports energy-gathering pulse；
S3：After viscous crude is thinning, energy-gathering pulse generator (3) is controlled by controller (2) and is closed.
8. the method according to claim 7 for carrying out thickened oil recovery, which is characterized in that pass through controller (2) in the S2
When controlling energy-gathering pulse generator (3) unlatching, the energy-storing device (5) is also controlled by controller (2) and is opened, energy-gathering pulse is enable
Amount is stored in the energy-storing device (5).
9. the method according to claim 8 for carrying out thickened oil recovery, which is characterized in that when cumulative in the energy-storing device (5)
When pulse energy stores full, the energy-gathering pulse generator (3) is closed by the controller (2), and pass through the controller (2)
It controls the energy-storing device (5) and transfers its energy to energy-gathering pulse release electrode (4) progress energy release.
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| 戴树高等: "高粘度稠油开采技术的国内外现状", vol. 22, no. 11, pages 21 - 25 * |
| 梁金禄等: "稠油破乳技术研究进展", vol. 29, no. 08, pages 1 - 6 * |
| 毛吉灿等: "电感隔离型固态MARX脉冲功率源的研究", 农业装备与车辆工程, vol. 56, no. 1, pages 46 - 49 * |
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