CN108384978B - Smelting heating equipment for noble metal and processing method of hard platinum - Google Patents
Smelting heating equipment for noble metal and processing method of hard platinum Download PDFInfo
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- CN108384978B CN108384978B CN201810378181.XA CN201810378181A CN108384978B CN 108384978 B CN108384978 B CN 108384978B CN 201810378181 A CN201810378181 A CN 201810378181A CN 108384978 B CN108384978 B CN 108384978B
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 148
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 19
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 25
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 25
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 15
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 15
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910007948 ZrB2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO2 Inorganic materials O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YXTPWUNVHCYOSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis($l^{2}-silanylidene)molybdenum Chemical compound [Si]=[Mo]=[Si] YXTPWUNVHCYOSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VWZIXVXBCBBRGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron;zirconium Chemical compound B#[Zr]#B VWZIXVXBCBBRGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- DTDCCPMQHXRFFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxido(dioxo)chromium lanthanum(3+) Chemical compound [La+3].[La+3].[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O.[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O.[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O DTDCCPMQHXRFFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012905 input function Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021343 molybdenum disilicide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000923 precious metal alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C5/00—Alloys based on noble metals
- C22C5/04—Alloys based on a platinum group metal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/04—Crucible or pot furnaces adapted for treating the charge in vacuum or special atmosphere
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/14—Arrangements of heating devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/20—Arrangement of controlling, monitoring, alarm or like devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/04—Crucible or pot furnaces adapted for treating the charge in vacuum or special atmosphere
- F27B2014/045—Vacuum
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a smelting heating device for noble metal and a processing method of hard platinum, and the smelting heating device for noble metal comprises a heating cavity, a controller arranged outside the heating cavity, a heating disc arranged in the heating cavity, a crucible arranged on the upper end surface of the heating disc, and a rotating mechanism arranged in the heating cavity and driving the heating disc to rotate; the rotating mechanism comprises a motor, a worm fixedly connected with a power output shaft of the motor, a turbine connected with the worm, and a rotating shaft fixedly arranged on the lower end surface of the heating disc and fixedly connected with the turbine; the rotating shaft is provided with a limiting rod; a travel switch is arranged at the rotating track of the limiting rod in the heating cavity; and a heating plate temperature sensor is further arranged in the heating plate, and the heating plate, the heating plate temperature sensor, the motor and the travel switch are electrically connected with the controller. The smelting and heating equipment for noble metals has the advantages of simple structure and convenient use, and particularly, the noble metal raw materials are heated uniformly in the crucible.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a smelting heating apparatus for noble metals, and more particularly, to a smelting heating apparatus for hard platinum processing and a processing method of hard platinum.
Background
In the manufacturing process of jewelry, precious metal alloy is basically used. The noble metal alloy is produced through smelting various metal materials in smelting and heating equipment and then producing alloy meeting the requirement. The existing smelting heating equipment is complex in structure, particularly when metal raw materials are molten, an integral heating mode that a heating element is arranged on the side wall of a cavity is adopted, and due to the fact that the heating cavity is overlarge, the traditional structure leads to higher heat loss aiming at precious metals which are heated in a small amount every time, the smelting time of the metal raw materials is longer due to the fact that the whole cavity is heated uniformly, and the used heat energy is more, so that the production cost is higher.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide smelting heating equipment which is simple in structure and uniform in heating of noble metal raw materials.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the smelting heating equipment for the noble metal comprises a heating cavity, a controller arranged outside the heating cavity, a heating disc arranged in the heating cavity, a crucible arranged on the upper end surface of the heating disc, and a rotating mechanism arranged in the heating cavity and driving the heating disc to rotate; the rotating mechanism comprises a motor, a worm fixedly connected with a power output shaft of the motor, a turbine connected with the worm, and a rotating shaft fixedly arranged on the lower end surface of the heating disc and fixedly connected with the turbine; the rotating shaft is provided with a limiting rod; a travel switch is arranged in the heating cavity and positioned at the rotating track of the limiting rod; and a heating disc temperature sensor is further arranged in the heating disc, and the heating disc, the heating disc temperature sensor, the motor and the travel switch are electrically connected with the controller.
Furthermore, in order to simplify the structure, the crucible is conveniently arranged on the heating disc to rotate together with the heating disc, and simultaneously, in order to facilitate the replacement of the crucible, a clamping protrusion is arranged on the lower end surface of the crucible; the upper end face of the heating disc is provided with a clamping groove matched with the clamping protrusion.
Further, in order to prevent the metal raw material from being oxidized in the melting process, the crucible is placed in an oxygen-free environment, and the heating cavity comprises a frame and a sealing cavity arranged in the frame; the heating disc and the crucible are arranged in the sealing cavity; the heating cavity is also provided with an extraction opening and an inflation opening which are communicated with the sealing cavity; inert gas is injected into the air charging port.
Furthermore, in order to prevent other sundries from entering the sealing cavity, a filter plate is arranged at the air charging port.
Further, in order to be able to observe whether the vacuum degree in the sealing cavity meets the melting requirement in time, the heating cavity is provided with a vacuum gauge for detecting the vacuum degree in the sealing cavity.
Furthermore, in order to be able to observe the molten state of the metal raw material in the crucible in time, the heating cavity is provided with an observation window.
Further, in order to conveniently control the opening and closing of the heating plate, the heating cavity is provided with a control switch for opening and closing the heating plate.
Further, in order to be able to detect the temperature in the crucible in real time, the heating chamber is provided with an intracavity temperature sensor for detecting the temperature in the crucible.
Further, in order to simplify the structure and facilitate assembly, the sealing cavity comprises a lower cavity and an upper cover covered above the lower cavity; the lower side of the outer end of the upper cover is provided with a sealing bulge; the upper end face of the side wall of the lower cavity is provided with a sealing groove matched with the sealing protrusion.
Further, when the upper cover is buckled, in order to ensure the sealing buckling of the upper cover and the lower shell, an upper cover closing sensor electrically connected with the controller is arranged at the buckling part of the upper cover and the lower cavity.
The invention discloses a processing method of hard platinum, which is prepared by smelting the following components in parts by weight: 95% of platinum; copper 0.8-1.2%; 1.3 to 1.7 percent of palladium; lead 1.8-2.2% and indium 0.4-0.6%.
Further, during each smelting process, the total weight of each component is 300-500 g, and the smelting is performed in the smelting heating equipment for 3 minutes at 1880 ℃; after heating and smelting, annealing treatment is carried out in smelting and heating equipment for 1 minute at 1500 ℃; and taking out the annealed metal block from the smelting heating equipment, cooling in water until the gold block becomes normal color, and taking out and drying.
Further, when the smelting is heated in the smelting heating equipment, the step of pumping air and recharging argon is completed before the temperature is raised to 1000 ℃; after the temperature reaches 1100 ℃, the heating plate swings reciprocally once every 4-10 seconds, the swinging angle is 180-330 degrees, and reaches 1880 degrees, the heating plate swings reciprocally once every 2-4 seconds, and the swinging angle is 30-120 degrees; the metal block cooled in water is subjected to six-face punching and hammering by using a pressure device, so that the metal block is changed into a square body.
Compared with the prior art, the smelting heating equipment is simple in structure, and particularly the crucible for melting metal raw materials is directly arranged on the upper end face of the heating disc, so that heat of the heating disc is quickly transferred to the bottom of the crucible, noble metals such as platinum and the like are preheated in advance, the heating time is shortened as a whole, and when the heat loss of the whole heating cavity is caused during material changing, the crucible is heated preferentially during reheating. The heating plate is driven to rotate by the rotating mechanism, the rotating shaft is provided with a limit rod, a travel switch is arranged in the heating cavity, when the motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate, the crucible arranged on the upper end face of the heating plate rotates along with the rotating shaft, when the limit rod touches the travel switch, the controller controls the motor to drive the rotating shaft to reversely rotate after receiving a signal, and metal raw materials in the crucible are mixed more uniformly and heated more uniformly under the inertia effect; the travel switch is generally arranged in two, and when the travel switch adopts an adjustable installation structure, the frequency of the reverse rotation of the rotating shaft is adjusted by adjusting the distance between the two travel switches. The platinum processed by the processing method of hard platinum has the hardness reaching 380 ℃.
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a smelting heating apparatus for noble metals according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a smelting heating apparatus for noble metals according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a control schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a smelting heating apparatus for precious metals according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a screenshot of a platinum detection report processed by an embodiment of a method for processing hard platinum according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to more fully understand the technical content of the present invention, the following technical solutions of the present invention will be further described and illustrated with reference to specific embodiments, but are not limited thereto.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a smelting heating apparatus for noble metals includes a heating chamber 10, a controller S provided in the heating chamber 10, a heating plate 20 provided in the heating chamber 10, a crucible 30 provided on an upper end surface of the heating plate 20, a rotation mechanism 40 provided in the heating chamber 10 and driving the heating plate 20 to rotate, an observation window 50 provided in the heating chamber 10, a control switch 60 provided in the heating chamber 10 and used for opening and closing the heating plate 20, and an intracavity temperature sensor 70 provided in the heating chamber 10 and used for detecting a temperature in the crucible 30.
Specifically, the rotation mechanism 40 includes a motor 41, a worm 42 fixedly connected to a power output shaft of the motor 41, a worm wheel 43 connected to the worm 42, and a rotation shaft 44 fixedly arranged on a lower end surface of the heating plate 20 and fixedly connected to the worm wheel 43. The rotating shaft 44 is provided with a limiting rod 45; two travel switches 46 are arranged in the heating cavity 10 at the rotating track of the limiting rod 45, and the two travel switches 46 are symmetrically arranged by taking the rotating shaft 44 as a symmetrical center.
Specifically, a heater plate temperature sensor (see fig. 3) is provided in the heater plate 20.
Specifically, the heating plate 20, the heating plate temperature sensor, the motor 41 and the travel switch 46 are electrically connected with the controller; the driving circuit electrically connected between the controller and each component is a conventional driving circuit, and a plurality of related driving circuits can be searched on the hundred-degree network.
Specifically, the controller S is disposed on the outer surface of the heating cavity 10, and includes a control circuit (disposed inside) and a man-machine interaction interface (disposed on the surface) of the control circuit, where the man-machine interaction interface may employ a display screen, an indicator light, a start button, and the like. In other embodiments, the man-machine interface may also employ a touch screen to add some parameter input functions, such as temperature and time.
Further, in other embodiments, the lower end surface of the crucible 30 is provided with a snap-fit protrusion (not shown in the drawings); the upper end surface of the heating plate 20 is provided with a clamping groove (not shown in the figure) which is matched with the clamping protrusion.
Further, in other embodiments, the heating chamber 10 includes a housing 15 and a sealed chamber 11 disposed within the housing 15; the heating plate 20 and the crucible 30 are arranged in the sealed cavity 11; the heating cavity 10 is also provided with an extraction opening 12 (the extraction opening 12 is connected with a vacuum generator to vacuumize the sealed cavity 11) and an inflation opening 13 (the inflation opening 13 is communicated with a nitrogen input device, and nitrogen is injected into the sealed cavity 11 after the vacuum pumping in the sealed cavity 11 is completed); the air charging port 13 is provided with a filter plate 14.
Preferably, in other embodiments, the heating chamber 10 is provided with a vacuum gauge 80 for detecting the vacuum level in the sealed chamber 11.
More specifically, the seal chamber 11 includes a lower chamber (a sinking structure as shown in fig. 2, adopting a spherical shape to minimize the volume of the seal chamber), and an upper cover 16 covering over the lower chamber; the lower side of the outer end of the upper cover 16 is provided with a sealing bulge 17; the upper end face of the side wall of the lower cavity is provided with a sealing groove matched with the sealing bulge 17, the middle of the lower cavity is provided with a mounting hole, and a bearing is arranged for mounting the rotating shaft 44.
Further, in other embodiments, the buckling position of the upper cover 16 and the lower cavity is provided with an upper cover closing sensor 90 electrically connected to the controller.
When smelting hard platinum, the following noble metals are prepared according to the following weight parts: 95% of platinum, 1% of copper, 0.5% of palladium, 2.0% of lead and 0.5% of indium; all the proportioned noble metals are put into the crucible 30 of the invention, then the upper cover 16 is covered, when the controller S receives the sealing of the upper cover 16, the vacuum is immediately pumped on the touch screen, after the vacuum degree in the sealed cavity 11 meets the requirement, argon is pumped into the sealed cavity 11, and then the heating switch is started to melt all the noble metals for 3 minutes at 1880 ℃.
Because of the high temperature of 1800 degrees, the heating plate needs to use a high-temperature heating element, such as a lanthanum chromate heating plate, a molybdenum disilicide heating plate, a zirconium dioxide heating plate or a zirconium diboride composite ceramic heating plate, or a graphite electric heating plate.
In other embodiments, a crucible cover is detachably hung on the inner side of the upper cover (fixed by a clamping mechanism), the crucible cover is in a hanging state in the heating and temperature raising process, the crucible cover is detached by pulling a handle on the outer surface of the upper cover when the crucible cover is heated to a rotating annealing state, the crucible cover automatically falls onto the crucible (the distance between the crucible cover and the upper cover is 30-100mm in a separating state), at the moment, the crucible with the crucible cover can be taken out of the heating plate together, annealing treatment is performed in the cavity, and simultaneously, the metal raw material to be heated and the crucible are placed on the heating plate together, and meanwhile, the crucible cover is clamped on the clamping mechanism to wait for the next cover closing operation (the crucible cover falls onto the crucible). The put down crucible, crucible cover and metal block are placed at other positions of the sealing cavity, and kept at 1500 ℃ for 1 minute under the isolation action of the crucible cover. In a more preferred embodiment, the upper cover is divided into two parts, a partition plate is arranged in the middle of the upper cover, the sealing cavity is divided into a heating area and an annealing area, and when the annealing time of the metal block in the annealing area is up, the metal block can be taken out in advance and subjected to water cooling treatment.
The invention also discloses a processing method of the hard platinum, which is prepared by smelting the following components in parts by weight: 95% of platinum; copper 0.8-1.2%; 1.3 to 1.7 percent of palladium; lead 1.8-2.2% and indium 0.4-0.6%.
Further, during each smelting process, the total weight of each component is 300-500 g, and the smelting is performed in the smelting heating equipment for 3 minutes at 1880 ℃; after heating and smelting, annealing treatment is carried out in smelting and heating equipment for 1 minute at 1500 ℃; and taking out the annealed metal block from the smelting heating equipment, cooling in water until the gold block becomes normal color, and taking out and drying.
Further, when heating and smelting in the smelting and heating equipment, the step of pumping air and recharging argon is completed before the temperature rises to 1000 ℃; after the temperature reaches 1100 ℃, the heating plate swings reciprocally once every 4-10 seconds, the swinging angle is 180-330 degrees, and reaches 1880 degrees, the heating plate swings reciprocally once every 2-4 seconds, and the swinging angle is 30-120 degrees; the metal block cooled in water is subjected to six-face punching and hammering by using a pressure device, so that the metal block is changed into a square body.
The description of the processing method of the present invention is made by taking the processing steps of a specific product as an example:
1. firstly, preparing noble metals, such as 1% of copper, 0.5% of palladium, 2.0% of lead and 0.5% of indium, for platinum with the content of 95%;
2. all the prepared noble metals are put into a gold melting cup, the procedure of a reverse mould machine (namely smelting heating equipment shown in figures 1-2) is set, a switch of argon (namely inflation) and oxygen (namely air pumping) is opened, and then a gold melting key is clicked to be heated for melting metal blocks; the production time is as follows: 3 minutes, at 1880 degrees; about 300-500 g of the total weight of each time;
3. annealing the melted gold blocks for 1 minute at 1500 ℃ to burn out the gold blocks completely;
4. the annealed gold blocks are subjected to water frying treatment (namely, are put into water for cooling) until the metal blocks become normal color, and then are taken out for drying;
5. four sides of the fried gold blocks are punched and beaten by an oil press, so that the gold blocks become square and harder;
6. the square gold blocks are pressed to the designated size of the gold bars through a rough pressing groove on the right side of the pressing machine, and then annealing treatment is carried out; the gold bar can be used for manufacturing hard gold ornaments of different styles according to the product requirement.
The gold bar is subjected to national inspection, so that the hardness of the platinum is 380 degrees, specific inspection data is shown in inspection report screenshot shown in fig. 4, wherein the data are the inspection results of different positions of the same gold bar, and the hardness of the common platinum is about HV140 degrees.
In other embodiments, the heating and annealing are performed simultaneously, so that the processing method can save time and save energy. That is, a crucible cover is detachably hung on the inner side of the upper cover (fixed by a clamping mechanism), the crucible cover is in a hanging state in the heating and temperature raising process, the crucible cover is detached by pulling a handle on the outer surface of the upper cover when the crucible cover is heated to be in an annealing state, the crucible cover automatically falls down onto the crucible (the distance between the crucible cover and the upper cover is 30-100mm in a separating state), at the moment, the crucible with the crucible cover can be taken out of the heating plate together with the metal block, annealing treatment is carried out in the cavity, simultaneously, the metal raw material to be heated and the crucible are placed on the heating plate together with the crucible cover clamped on the clamping mechanism, and the next closing operation (the crucible cover falls on the crucible) is waited. The put down crucible, crucible cover and metal block are placed at other positions of the sealing cavity, and kept at 1500 ℃ for 1 minute under the isolation action of the crucible cover. In a more preferred embodiment, the upper cover is divided into two parts, a partition plate is arranged in the middle of the upper cover, the sealing cavity is divided into a heating area and an annealing area, and when the annealing time of the metal block in the annealing area is up, the metal block can be taken out in advance and subjected to water cooling treatment.
To sum up: the smelting heating equipment is simple in structure, and particularly, the crucible for melting metal raw materials is directly arranged on the upper end face of the heating disc, so that heat of the heating disc is quickly transferred to the bottom of the crucible, precious metals such as platinum and the like are preheated in advance, the heating time is shortened as a whole, and when the heat of the whole heating cavity is lost during material changing, the crucible is heated preferentially during reheating. The heating plate is driven to rotate by the rotating mechanism, the rotating shaft is provided with a limit rod, a travel switch is arranged in the heating cavity, when the motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate, the crucible arranged on the upper end face of the heating plate rotates along with the rotating shaft, when the limit rod touches the travel switch, the controller controls the motor to drive the rotating shaft to reversely rotate after receiving a signal, and metal raw materials in the crucible are mixed more uniformly and heated more uniformly under the inertia effect; the travel switch is generally arranged in two, and when the travel switch adopts an adjustable installation structure, the frequency of the reverse rotation of the rotating shaft is adjusted by adjusting the distance between the two travel switches.
The foregoing examples are provided to further illustrate the technical contents of the present invention for the convenience of the reader, but are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention thereto, and any technical extension or re-creation according to the present invention is protected by the present invention. The protection scope of the invention is subject to the claims.
Claims (2)
1. A smelting heating apparatus for precious metals, characterized by: the device comprises a heating cavity, a controller arranged outside the heating cavity, a heating disc arranged in the heating cavity, a crucible arranged on the upper end surface of the heating disc, and a rotating mechanism arranged in the heating cavity and driving the heating disc to rotate; the rotating mechanism comprises a motor, a worm fixedly connected with a power output shaft of the motor, a turbine connected with the worm, and a rotating shaft fixedly arranged on the lower end surface of the heating disc and fixedly connected with the turbine; the rotating shaft is provided with a limiting rod; a travel switch is arranged in the heating cavity and positioned at the rotating track of the limiting rod; a heating disc temperature sensor is further arranged in the heating disc, the heating disc temperature sensor, the motor and the travel switch are electrically connected with the controller, and a clamping protrusion is arranged on the lower end face of the crucible; the upper end face of the heating disc is provided with a clamping groove matched with the clamping protrusion, and the heating cavity comprises a frame and a sealing cavity arranged in the frame; the heating disc and the crucible are arranged in the sealing cavity; the heating cavity is also provided with an extraction opening and an inflation opening which are communicated with the sealing cavity, a filter plate is arranged at the inflation opening, the heating cavity is provided with a vacuum gauge for detecting the vacuum degree in the sealing cavity, and the heating cavity is provided with an observation window; the heating cavity is provided with a control switch for opening and closing the heating disc; the heating cavity is provided with an intracavity temperature sensor for detecting the temperature in the crucible, and the sealing cavity comprises a lower cavity and an upper cover covered above the lower cavity; the lower side of the outer end of the upper cover is provided with a sealing bulge; the upper end face of the side wall of the lower cavity is provided with a sealing groove matched with the sealing protrusion; and an upper cover closing sensor electrically connected with the controller is arranged at the buckling part of the upper cover and the lower cavity.
2. A processing method of hard platinum is characterized in that: the hard platinum is prepared by smelting the following components in percentage by weight: 95% of platinum; copper 0.8-1.2%; 1.3 to 1.7 percent of palladium; 1.8 to 2.2 percent of lead and 0.4 to 0.6 percent of indium, and the sum of the total elements is 100 percent.
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| CN201810378181.XA CN108384978B (en) | 2018-04-25 | 2018-04-25 | Smelting heating equipment for noble metal and processing method of hard platinum |
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| CN108384978B true CN108384978B (en) | 2023-12-05 |
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| CN110893371A (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2020-03-20 | 台州鑫宇铜业股份有限公司 | Purification recovery plant of copper product |
| CN109609914A (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2019-04-12 | 昆山国显光电有限公司 | A kind of crucible and its method for heating and controlling, evaporated device |
| CN113883893B (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2024-06-14 | 佛山广联汇供应链有限公司 | Biomass crucible furnace and operation method thereof |
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| US6386265B1 (en) * | 1998-12-14 | 2002-05-14 | Denken Co., Ltd. | Method of and apparatus for casting dental prosthesis |
| CN102994787A (en) * | 2012-12-10 | 2013-03-27 | 西安诺博尔稀贵金属材料有限公司 | Method for vacuum melting of silver cadmium alloy ingot |
| CN106524758A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-03-22 | 昆明理工大学 | Multifunctional high-temperature microwave metal smelting equipment |
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| US6386265B1 (en) * | 1998-12-14 | 2002-05-14 | Denken Co., Ltd. | Method of and apparatus for casting dental prosthesis |
| US6372060B1 (en) * | 2000-02-14 | 2002-04-16 | Keith Weinstein | Platinum solder |
| CN102994787A (en) * | 2012-12-10 | 2013-03-27 | 西安诺博尔稀贵金属材料有限公司 | Method for vacuum melting of silver cadmium alloy ingot |
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