CN108384943A - A kind of Temperature-Stress coupled aging processing unit and its application method - Google Patents
A kind of Temperature-Stress coupled aging processing unit and its application method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108384943A CN108384943A CN201810062760.3A CN201810062760A CN108384943A CN 108384943 A CN108384943 A CN 108384943A CN 201810062760 A CN201810062760 A CN 201810062760A CN 108384943 A CN108384943 A CN 108384943A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- stress
- temperature
- screw rod
- fixed plate
- rod fixed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D10/00—Modifying the physical properties by methods other than heat treatment or deformation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of temperature stress coupled aging processing unit and its application method, which includes basic frame structure, stress hitch structure, stress loading control structure and temperature Loading Control structure；Basic frame structure includes pedestal, lower plate, support plate and column, and the lower end of column is threadedly coupled with lower plate, and upper end is slidably connected with support plate, and big nut is threaded on column；Stress hitch structure includes lower screw rod fixed plate, upper screw rod fixed plate and screw rod, and the upper end of screw rod is threadedly coupled with upper screw rod fixed plate, and lower end is slidably connected with lower screw rod fixed plate, and screw rod lower thread is connected with primary nut；Stress loading control to tensile sample for carrying out permanent tensile stress load；Temperature Loading Control structure is used to carry out heated at constant temperature to tensile sample.The present invention can be to needing the material for carrying out temperature stress coupled aging to carry out timeliness experiment, and the influence factors such as the size of the height of temperature, stress can be adjusted.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of material ages processing method more particularly to a kind of Temperature-Stress coupled aging processing units
And its application method.
Background technology
Artificial aging and stress ageging are both a kind of material treatment processes and a kind of investigation of materials method, they can be right
The microstructure and mechanical property of material generate very important influence.On the one hand, the material based on the non-ferrous metals such as aluminium alloy
Material and part can undergo ageing treatment this procedure, the disperse second being precipitated in material matrix during machine-shaping
Phase can effectively improve the performance indicators such as intensity and the hardness of material；On the other hand, certain parts under service condition can simultaneously by
To the effect of temperature and stress, such as high-speed precise machine tool bearing etc., it will usually simulate its operating mode with stress ageging experiment
Condition, to study temperature and stress to its matrix microstructure, the influence of accuracy life.
Stress ageging needs while meeting temperature and stress coupling load due to having introduced external force field, experiment condition, however
There is presently no the experimental facilities dedicated for stress ageging.Common temperature control insulating box is only capable of providing temperature field, can be into pedestrian
Working hour imitates, and is but difficult to stress loading device being put into and wherein carries out stress ageging；Electronic universal tester with insulating box can be with
It is carried out at the same time Temperature-Stress load, but it is generally only used for tensile test at high temperature, prolonged stress ageging experiment can damage examination
Test machine；And most meet the high-temerature creep testing machine of stress ageging condition, it is chiefly used in the creep performance test of material, is rarely used in material
The ageing treatment of material is tested, and the apparatus value is expensive, takes up a large area, experimental cost height.
Therefore, for the stress ageging research of material, it is current problem encountered to lack suitable stress ageging device,
If a kind of simply and easily stress ageging device can be designed, meets Temperature-Stress coupling loading environment, apply to answering for material
In power aging research, there is realistic meaning very much.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of Temperature-Stress coupled aging processing unit and its application method, it can be with
Control is adjusted in the influence factors such as the size of height, stress to temperature during timeliness, meets the temperature-under different condition
Stress coupling timeliness is tested, and carrys out tissue change of research material during stress ageging with this.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is：
A kind of Temperature-Stress coupled aging processing unit, including basic frame structure, stress hitch structure, stress loading
Control structure and temperature Loading Control structure；Wherein,
The basic frame structure includes pedestal, installs lower plate on the base and be set to the lower plate
The support plate of top is connected between the support plate and lower plate by multiple columns, lower end and the lower plate spiral shell of the column
Line connects, and upper end and the support plate of the column are slidably connected, and the threaded upper ends of the column, which are connected with, is used to support the branch
The big nut of fagging；
The stress hitch structure includes being set to lower screw rod fixed plate below the support plate, being set to the support
Multiple screw rods of upper screw rod fixed plate above plate and the connection upper and lower screw rod fixed plate, the upper end of the screw rod with it is upper
Screw rod fixed plate is threadedly coupled, and the lower end of the screw rod is slidably connected across support plate with lower screw rod fixed plate, the screw rod
Lower thread is connected with the primary nut for being used to support the lower screw rod fixed plate；
The stress loading control structure is mounted between support plate and upper screw rod fixed plate, by jacking up upper spiral shell upwards
The permanent tensile stress that bar fixed plate carries out the tensile sample between lower plate and lower screw rod fixed plate different numerical value loads
And real-time display tensile stress data；
The temperature Loading Control structure be used for the tensile sample between lower plate and lower screw rod fixed plate into
The heated at constant temperature and real-time display temperature data of the different numerical value of row.
According to the above technical scheme, the stress loading control structure includes being mounted between support plate and upper screw rod fixed plate
Jack, the pressure sensor on the jack and for showing that the pressure of pressure sensor numerical value is shown
Device.
According to the above technical scheme, the temperature Loading Control structure includes being arranged in the small-sized low of the tensile sample periphery
Warm resistance furnace and temperature display controller for controlling and showing heating temperature.
According to the above technical scheme, the shape of the small-sized low-temperature resistance stove is cylindrical shape.
According to the above technical scheme, it is provided with guide sleeve between the support plate and screw rod.
A kind of application method of Temperature-Stress coupled aging processing unit, includes the following steps：
S1, upper screw rod fixed plate is jacked up by a trip by stress loading control structure in advance, by the stretching of dumbbell shape
Sample is positioned over test block, and the upper end of tensile sample is fixedly connected with lower screw rod fixed plate, and lower end is fixedly connected with lower plate；
S2, it adjusts stress loading control structure and jacks up upper screw rod fixed plate upwards and make tensile sample by action of pulling stress,
Until the stress level for reaching setting keeps permanent tensile stress load, opening temperature Loading Control structure to set tensile sample
The heated at constant temperature of temperature and soaking time, after Temperature-Stress coupled aging is tested, closing temperature Loading Control structure is unloaded
Stress loading control structure is carried, after being cooled to room temperature, takes out tensile sample.
The beneficial effect comprise that：The present invention by the way that basic frame structure and stress hitch structure is arranged, when
15 tons of load below can be transmitted, big stress loading is realized to tensile sample, second is that vertically there is good guide effect, it can be really
It protects pulling force suffered by tensile sample to be completely on axis, third, basic frame structure and stress hitch structure use size respectively
Two sets of nuts are fixed and position, and can freely adjust the height of basic frame structure and stress hitch structure, each to be suitable for
The tensile sample of kind different length；In addition, by the way that stress loading control structure and temperature Loading Control structure is arranged, it can be simultaneously
Meet the experiment condition of Temperature-Stress coupling load, and the factors such as the size of the height of temperature, stress can be adjusted
Control.
The present invention can carry out for needing to carry out the material of Temperature-Stress coupled aging to carry out timeliness experiment, make material
Artificial aging is carried out under action of pulling stress, to non-ferrous metals such as aluminium alloys, can be promoted Second Phase Precipitation, be improved the object of material
Reason and chemical property；To high-speed precision bearing material etc., simple military service item can be simulated using this method of stress ageging
Part promotes or inhibits the transformation of certain metastable organizations.Relative to the equipment prices such as creep testing machine costliness, take up a large area, real
It tests the shortcomings of of high cost, structure of the invention has the advantages that simple and convenient, manufacture difficulty is small, experimental cost is low, has critically important
Realistic meaning.
Description of the drawings
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples, in attached drawing：
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
In figure：1- pedestals, 2- lower plates, 3- columns, 4- big nuts, 5- support plates, 6- guide sleeves, 7- jack, 8- temperature
Display controller, 9- pressure display units, the upper screw rod fixed plates of 10-, 11- pressure sensors, 12- screw rods, screw rod is fixed under 13-
Plate, 14- primary nuts, the small-sized low-temperature resistance stoves of 15-, 16- tensile samples.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that described herein, specific examples are only used to explain the present invention, not
For limiting the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of Temperature-Stress coupled aging processing unit, including basic frame structure, stress traction knot
Structure, stress loading control structure and temperature Loading Control structure；Wherein,
Basic frame structure includes pedestal 1, the lower plate 2 on pedestal 1 and the branch being set to above lower plate 2
Fagging 5 (is specially divided between support plate and the both ends of lower plate between support plate 5 and lower plate 2 by the connection of multiple columns 3
Do not connected by a column), the lower end of column 3 is threadedly coupled with lower plate 2, and 3 upper ends and the sliding of support plate 5 of column connect
It connects, the threaded upper ends of column 3 are connected with the big nut 4 for being used to support support plate 5, pass through different installations of the big nut on column
The different height of support plate may be implemented in height, and then adapts to the tensile sample of not high length, and all big nuts need leveling with true
It is horizontal positioned to protect support plate；
Stress hitch structure includes the lower screw rod fixed plate 13 for being set to 5 lower section of support plate, is set to 5 top of support plate
Multiple screw rods 12 (specially upper screw rod fixed plate and the lower screw rod of upper screw rod fixed plate 10 and the upper and lower screw rod fixed plate of connection
Connected respectively by a screw rod between the both ends of fixed plate), the upper end of screw rod 12 is threadedly coupled with upper screw rod fixed plate 10, spiral shell
The lower end of bar 12 is slidably connected across support plate 5 with lower screw rod fixed plate 13, and the lower thread of screw rod 12, which is connected with, to be used to support
Lower screw rod fixed plate may be implemented by different mounting heights of the primary nut on screw rod in the primary nut 14 of lower screw rod fixed plate 13
Different height, and then adapt to the tensile sample of not high length, all primary nuts need leveling to ensure that lower screw rod fixes plate level
It places；
Stress loading control structure is mounted between support plate 5 and upper screw rod fixed plate 10, by jacking up upper spiral shell upwards
Bar fixed plate carries out the tensile sample 16 between lower plate 2 and lower screw rod fixed plate 13 the permanent tensile stress of different numerical value
Load simultaneously real-time display tensile stress data；
Temperature Loading Control structure is used to carry out the tensile sample 16 between lower plate and lower screw rod fixed plate
The heated at constant temperature and real-time display temperature data of different numerical value.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 1, stress loading control structure include be mounted on support plate 5 with
Jack 7 (being hydraulic jack in the present embodiment), the pressure sensing on jack 7 between upper screw rod fixed plate 10
Device 11 and pressure display unit 9 for showing pressure sensor numerical value.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 1, temperature Loading Control structure includes being arranged outside tensile sample
The small-sized low-temperature resistance stove 15 in week and the temperature display controller 8 for controlling and showing heating temperature.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 1, the shape of small-sized low-temperature resistance stove is cylindrical shape, Ke Yibao
Demonstrate,prove the uniformity in temperature field.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 1, being provided with guide sleeve 6 between support plate and screw rod.
A kind of application method of Temperature-Stress coupled aging processing unit, as shown in Figure 1, including the following steps：
S1, upper screw rod fixed plate is jacked up by a trip by stress loading control structure in advance, by the lath of dumbbell shape
Tensile sample is positioned over test block, and the upper end of tensile sample is fixedly connected with lower screw rod fixed plate, and lower end is fixed with lower plate
Connection, specifically, the both ends of tensile sample are fixedly connected by pin with lower screw rod fixed plate and lower plate；
S2, it adjusts stress loading control structure and jacks up upper screw rod fixed plate upwards and make tensile sample by action of pulling stress,
The registration variation of pressure display unit is observed, until the stress level for reaching setting keeps permanent tensile stress load, set temperature to show
The relevant parameter of controller, the constant temperature that opening temperature Loading Control structure carries out tensile sample set temperature and soaking time add
Heat, after Temperature-Stress coupled aging is tested, closing temperature Loading Control structure unloads stress loading control structure, waits for cold
But to after room temperature, tensile sample is taken out.
In the stress loading control structure of the present invention, the load of tensile stress is realized by jack, it drives upper screw rod
Screw rod fixed plate up moves under fixed plate and then drive, to realize to being installed between lower screw rod fixed plate and lower plate
The tensile stress of tensile sample loads, and due to jack self-lock mechanism, the stress intensity in experimentation can be kept constant, realizes
The dead load of different stress controls.The pressure sensor for being installed on jack upper end is responsible for the acquisition of real-time stress data, and passes through
Pressure display unit display output.
In the temperature Loading Control structure of the present invention, by the relevant parameter of set temperature display controller 8, it can adjust
The heating rate and holding temperature of small-sized low-temperature resistance stove, realize the thermostatic control of different temperatures.
It should be understood that for those of ordinary skills, it can be modified or changed according to the above description,
And all these modifications and variations should all belong to the protection domain of appended claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of Temperature-Stress coupled aging processing unit, which is characterized in that including basic frame structure, stress hitch structure,
Stress loading control structure and temperature Loading Control structure；Wherein,
The basic frame structure includes pedestal, installs lower plate on the base and be set to above the lower plate
Support plate, connected by multiple columns between the support plate and lower plate, the lower end of the column connects with lower plate screw thread
It connects, upper end and the support plate of the column are slidably connected, and the threaded upper ends of the column, which are connected with, is used to support the support plate
Big nut；
The stress hitch structure includes being set to lower screw rod fixed plate below the support plate, being set in the support plate
The upper screw rod fixed plate of side and multiple screw rods of the connection upper and lower screw rod fixed plate, the upper end of the screw rod and upper screw rod
Fixed plate is threadedly coupled, and the lower end of the screw rod is slidably connected across support plate with lower screw rod fixed plate, the lower end of the screw rod
It is threaded with the primary nut for being used to support the lower screw rod fixed plate；
The stress loading control structure is mounted between support plate and upper screw rod fixed plate, solid by jacking up upper screw rod upwards
Fixed board to the tensile sample between lower plate and lower screw rod fixed plate carry out different numerical value permanent tensile stress load and it is real
When show tensile stress data；
The temperature Loading Control structure is used to carry out not the tensile sample between lower plate and lower screw rod fixed plate
With the heated at constant temperature and real-time display temperature data of numerical value.
2. Temperature-Stress coupled aging processing unit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the stress loading control
Structure processed includes mounted on the jack between support plate and upper screw rod fixed plate, the pressure sensing on the jack
Device and pressure display unit for showing pressure sensor numerical value.
3. Temperature-Stress coupled aging processing unit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the temperature load control
Structure processed includes being arranged in the small-sized low-temperature resistance stove of the tensile sample periphery and for controlling and showing heating temperature
Temperature display controller.
4. Temperature-Stress coupled aging processing unit according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the small-sized low temperature electric
The shape for hindering stove is cylindrical shape.
5. Temperature-Stress coupled aging processing unit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the support plate and spiral shell
Guide sleeve is provided between bar.
6. the application method of the Temperature-Stress coupled aging processing unit described in a kind of any one of claim 1-5, feature
It is, includes the following steps：
S1, upper screw rod fixed plate is jacked up by a trip by stress loading control structure in advance, by the tensile sample of dumbbell shape
It is positioned over test block, the upper end of tensile sample is fixedly connected with lower screw rod fixed plate, and lower end is fixedly connected with lower plate；
S2, adjusting stress loading control structure, the upper screw rod fixed plate of jack-up makes tensile sample by action of pulling stress upwards, until
The stress level for reaching setting keeps permanent tensile stress load, opening temperature Loading Control structure to carry out set temperature to tensile sample
With the heated at constant temperature of soaking time, after Temperature-Stress coupled aging is tested, closing temperature Loading Control structure, unloading is answered
Power Loading Control structure after being cooled to room temperature, takes out tensile sample.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810062760.3A CN108384943B (en) | 2018-01-23 | 2018-01-23 | A kind of Temperature-Stress coupled aging processing unit and its application method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810062760.3A CN108384943B (en) | 2018-01-23 | 2018-01-23 | A kind of Temperature-Stress coupled aging processing unit and its application method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108384943A true CN108384943A (en) | 2018-08-10 |
| CN108384943B CN108384943B (en) | 2019-03-15 |
Family
ID=63076342
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810062760.3A Active CN108384943B (en) | 2018-01-23 | 2018-01-23 | A kind of Temperature-Stress coupled aging processing unit and its application method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN108384943B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113155357A (en) * | 2021-03-11 | 2021-07-23 | 中国长江电力股份有限公司 | Ultrasonic measurement calibration experiment table and method for axial tensile stress of large bolt |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101988146A (en) * | 2009-07-31 | 2011-03-23 | 中国商用飞机有限责任公司 | Creep age forming method of integral wing panel |
| CN201817522U (en) * | 2010-09-03 | 2011-05-04 | 中南大学 | Stress-electric field-temperature multi-external-field comprehensive aging heat treatment device |
| CN102650578A (en) * | 2012-04-24 | 2012-08-29 | 北京航空航天大学 | Testing method for normal temperature and high temperature stress relaxation of flat spring |
| JP2012180579A (en) * | 2011-03-02 | 2012-09-20 | Jfe Steel Corp | Protective structure for throat part of blast furnace |
| CN103409610A (en) * | 2013-07-10 | 2013-11-27 | 攀钢集团西昌钢钒有限公司 | Over-aging treatment device for continuous annealing unit and over-aging treatment method |
| CN104694730A (en) * | 2015-02-27 | 2015-06-10 | 武汉理工大学 | Bearing matrix aging treatment method and device capable of implementing temperature-force coupled loading |
| CN105385834A (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2016-03-09 | 倪前悦 | Method for aging treatment of steam compressor shell under simulated working condition |
-
2018
- 2018-01-23 CN CN201810062760.3A patent/CN108384943B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101988146A (en) * | 2009-07-31 | 2011-03-23 | 中国商用飞机有限责任公司 | Creep age forming method of integral wing panel |
| CN201817522U (en) * | 2010-09-03 | 2011-05-04 | 中南大学 | Stress-electric field-temperature multi-external-field comprehensive aging heat treatment device |
| JP2012180579A (en) * | 2011-03-02 | 2012-09-20 | Jfe Steel Corp | Protective structure for throat part of blast furnace |
| CN102650578A (en) * | 2012-04-24 | 2012-08-29 | 北京航空航天大学 | Testing method for normal temperature and high temperature stress relaxation of flat spring |
| CN103409610A (en) * | 2013-07-10 | 2013-11-27 | 攀钢集团西昌钢钒有限公司 | Over-aging treatment device for continuous annealing unit and over-aging treatment method |
| CN104694730A (en) * | 2015-02-27 | 2015-06-10 | 武汉理工大学 | Bearing matrix aging treatment method and device capable of implementing temperature-force coupled loading |
| CN105385834A (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2016-03-09 | 倪前悦 | Method for aging treatment of steam compressor shell under simulated working condition |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113155357A (en) * | 2021-03-11 | 2021-07-23 | 中国长江电力股份有限公司 | Ultrasonic measurement calibration experiment table and method for axial tensile stress of large bolt |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN108384943B (en) | 2019-03-15 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN106371043B (en) | Superconducting tape test device | |
| CN206920243U (en) | A kind of uniaxial compression test device | |
| CN108562499B (en) | Loading equipment suitable for high-low temperature cycle test box and CT scanner | |
| CN104913981A (en) | High-temperature in situ tension-fatigue test system and test method thereof | |
| CN105651598A (en) | High-speed strain testing apparatus and high-speed strain testing method based on line scan camera | |
| CN101187612A (en) | Small drill drift creepage test device | |
| CN103776702A (en) | Low-cycle fatigue testing device and method under corrosion and high-temperature environments | |
| CN2784910Y (en) | High temperature creep endurance testing machine with protector | |
| CN108384943B (en) | A kind of Temperature-Stress coupled aging processing unit and its application method | |
| CN114608938A (en) | Variable-temperature fatigue test device | |
| CN204807403U (en) | Steel pipe concrete member draws and presses tired real -time supervision device under high temperature | |
| CN105223078A (en) | A kind of protection type vibration isolator 5-linked creep testing machine | |
| CN106680310B (en) | Shape memory alloy thermal cycle stability and functional fatigue performance test system | |
| CN104330309A (en) | Mechanical load testing machine for photovoltaic module | |
| CN210775033U (en) | Quiet tensile test device of safety rope for high altitude construction | |
| CN110672427B (en) | System and method for testing high-temperature mechanical properties of plate in one-way stretching mode | |
| CN205642337U (en) | Thickness tester | |
| CN101598648B (en) | Double space material cold-heat simulation experiment device | |
| CN207703378U (en) | Electronic actuators torsion-testing apparatus | |
| CN2388611Y (en) | High-temp. microscope heating stand | |
| CN208795479U (en) | A kind of intensity detecting device of train components | |
| CN2852122Y (en) | Apparatus for measuring metal specific heat capacity by cooling method | |
| CN106378526B (en) | A kind of experimental provision can be used for high heating rate Diffusion Welding | |
| CN205786721U (en) | A kind of insulating bar pressure test frame | |
| CN204008324U (en) | A kind of Bridge specimen test unit |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |