CN108382246B - Three-phase magnetic coupling mechanism applied to dynamic wireless power supply of vehicle - Google Patents
Three-phase magnetic coupling mechanism applied to dynamic wireless power supply of vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN108382246B CN108382246B CN201810230806.8A CN201810230806A CN108382246B CN 108382246 B CN108382246 B CN 108382246B CN 201810230806 A CN201810230806 A CN 201810230806A CN 108382246 B CN108382246 B CN 108382246B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/70—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the reduction of electric, magnetic or electromagnetic leakage fields
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
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- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
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- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Current-Collector Devices For Electrically Propelled Vehicles (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a three-phase magnetic coupling mechanism applied to vehicle dynamic wireless power supply, and belongs to the technical field of wireless power transmission, and aims to solve the problems of large output power fluctuation, short transmission distance and poor electromagnetic compatibility in the conventional wireless power supply magnetic coupling mechanism. The invention comprises a power supply rail and a power receiving device for transmitting power; the power supply track is arranged below a road in the vehicle traveling direction; the power supply track comprises a three-phase power supply cable and a power supply track magnetic core, and the three-phase power supply cable is wound on the power supply track magnetic core; after the three-phase power supply cable is electrified, a magnetic field is generated to transmit electric energy to the electric energy receiving device; the matching mode of the three-phase cable and the power supply track magnetic core is cross winding or sequential winding, and the three-phase cable is completely the same except that the difference of the three-phase cable in the space position along the driving direction is 1/3 driving cycle distances; the electric energy receiving device is arranged on a vehicle chassis, generates voltage to supply power to a load through the electromagnetic induction principle, and realizes wireless transmission of electric energy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless power transmission, and particularly relates to a three-phase magnetic coupling mechanism applied to dynamic wireless power supply of vehicles.
Background
The electric automobile is restricted by a plurality of problems of low energy density of the battery, inconvenient charging, poor safety of a plug-in charging mode and the like, and the development and popularization speed is slow. The dynamic wireless power supply technology not only well solves the problems, but also enables the electric automobile to get rid of the constraint of parking and charging, and solves the bottleneck problem of insufficient endurance mileage.
At present, a track type wireless power supply magnetic coupling mechanism with a magnetic core structure is widely applied to a vehicle dynamic wireless power supply system by virtue of good coupling performance and higher transmission power, and a plurality of magnetic coupling mechanisms with different structures are proposed by domestic and foreign research institutions, for example, a double-C parallel alternate arrangement type wireless power supply track proposed in a patent with the publication number of CN201510560567 has the defect of large output power fluctuation in the dynamic wireless power supply process; the vehicle dynamic power supply three-phase magnetic coupling mechanism proposed in the document A three-phase inductive power transfer system for ready-powered vehicles has the defects that no magnetic core is arranged in a power supply track and the transmission distance is short; an S-Type Power Supply rail is proposed in the document ultrasonic S-Type Power Supply Rails for road-Powered Electric Vehicles, and although the transmission distance is long, the single-phase Power Supply mode also has the defect that the structure has large fluctuation of dynamic wireless Power Supply output Power.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of large output power fluctuation, short transmission distance and poor electromagnetic compatibility in the conventional wireless power supply magnetic coupling mechanism, the invention provides a three-phase magnetic coupling mechanism applied to vehicle dynamic wireless power supply.
The invention relates to a three-phase magnetic coupling mechanism applied to dynamic wireless power supply of a vehicle, which comprises a power supply rail for transmitting electric energy and an electric energy receiving device;
the power supply track is arranged below a road in the vehicle traveling direction; the power supply track comprises a three-phase power supply cable and a power supply track magnetic core 8 and is used for restricting the trend of generated magnetic lines, wherein the three-phase power supply cable is wound on the power supply track magnetic core 8; after the three-phase power supply cable is electrified, a magnetic field is generated to transmit electric energy to the electric energy receiving device; the matching mode of the three-phase power supply cable and the power supply track magnetic core 8 is cross winding or sequential winding, and the three-phase power supply cable has the same structure except that the difference in space position along the driving direction is 1/3 driving cycle distances;
the electric energy receiving device is arranged on a vehicle chassis, generates voltage to supply power to a load through the electromagnetic induction principle, and realizes wireless transmission of electric energy.
Preferably, the power supply track magnetic core 8 comprises n magnetic core units, the n magnetic core units are connected together along the traveling direction, each magnetic core unit comprises a bottom connecting magnetic core 5, a column 6 and a pole shoe 7, wherein n is a positive integer and is a multiple of 3;
the bottom of the upright post 6 is fixed on the bottom connecting magnetic core 5, the pole shoe 7 is fixed on the top of the upright post 6, and the cross section and the longitudinal section of each magnetic core unit are in an I shape.
Preferably, the driving cycle distance is the length in the driving direction after six adjacent magnetic core units are tightly connected together.
Preferably, the process of cross-winding the a-phase power supply cable is as follows: along the traveling direction, starting from a starting point, after an A-phase power supply cable penetrates from one side of an upright post 6 of a first magnetic core unit to a third magnetic core unit, the A-phase power supply cable penetrates from the other side of the next adjacent three magnetic core units, then the A-phase power supply cable alternately penetrates from two sides of the upright post 6 by taking the adjacent three magnetic core units as a period, the power supply cable extends to the corresponding side of the nth magnetic core unit, then the return stroke starts from the other side of the upright post 6 of the nth magnetic core unit, the power supply cable is wound in a mode symmetrical to the forward stroke during the return stroke, and penetrates through the n magnetic core units and then penetrates out from the other side of the upright post 6 of the first magnetic core unit, so that the winding of the;
repeating the process to complete the winding of N turns of the A-phase power supply cable, wherein the number of turns N is determined by the power transmitted by the wireless electric energy, and N is a positive integer;
the process of cross winding of the B-phase power supply cable comprises the following steps: along the traveling direction, starting from the starting point, after a B-phase power supply cable penetrates from one side of the upright post 6 of the first magnetic core unit to the second magnetic core unit, the B-phase power supply cable penetrates from the other side of the next adjacent three magnetic core units, then the power supply cable alternately penetrates from two sides of the upright post 6 by taking the adjacent three magnetic core units as a period, and after the power supply cable extends to the corresponding side of the nth magnetic core unit, the power supply cable starts a return stroke from the other side of the upright post 6 of the nth magnetic core unit, and is wound in a mode symmetrical to the forward stroke during the return stroke, penetrates through the n magnetic core units and then penetrates out from the other side of the upright post 6 of the first magnetic core unit, and the winding of the B-;
repeating the process to complete the winding of the N turns of the B-phase power supply cable;
the process of cross winding of the C-phase power supply cable comprises the following steps: along the traveling direction, starting from a starting point, after a C-phase power supply cable penetrates from one side of the upright post 6 of the first magnetic core unit, the C-phase power supply cable penetrates from the other side of the next adjacent three magnetic core units, then the power supply cable alternately penetrates through two sides of the upright post 6 by taking the adjacent three magnetic core units as a period and extends to the corresponding side of the nth magnetic core unit, then a return stroke is started from the other side of the upright post 6 of the nth magnetic core unit, the power supply cable is wound in a mode symmetrical to the forward stroke during the return stroke, and penetrates through the n magnetic core units and then penetrates out from the other side of the upright post 6 of the first magnetic core unit, so that the winding of the C-phase one-turn power;
repeating the process to complete the winding of the N turns of the C-phase power supply cable;
the terminals of the three-phase power supply cables at the starting points are connected together, and star connection is realized.
It is preferable that the first and second liquid crystal layers are formed of,
the process of sequentially winding the A-phase power supply cable comprises the following steps:
along the traveling direction, from the starting point, the A-phase power supply cable is wound around the upright posts 6 of the first to third magnetic core units clockwise or anticlockwise for N turns, then the upright posts 6 of the adjacent three magnetic core units are wound in the opposite direction for N turns, and then the power supply cable is wound around the adjacent three magnetic core units as a period and in the alternate direction until the nth magnetic core unit is wound, so that the winding of N turns of the A-phase power supply cable is completed;
the process of sequentially winding the B-phase power supply cable comprises the following steps:
along the traveling direction, from the starting point, the B-phase power supply cable is wound around the upright posts 6 of the first magnetic core unit to the second magnetic core unit clockwise or anticlockwise for N turns, then the upright posts 6 of the adjacent three magnetic core units are wound in the opposite direction for N turns, and then the power supply cable is wound around the adjacent three magnetic core units in the same period and direction alternately until the power supply cable is wound around the nth magnetic core unit, so that the winding of N turns of the B-phase power supply cable is completed;
the process of sequentially winding the C-phase power supply cable comprises the following steps:
along the driving direction, from the starting point, the C-phase power supply cable is wound on the upright post 6 of the first magnetic core unit by clockwise or anticlockwise for N turns, then the upright posts 6 of the adjacent three magnetic core units are wound in the opposite direction for N turns, and then the power supply cable is wound alternately in the direction by taking the adjacent three magnetic core units as the period until the nth magnetic core unit is wound, so that the winding of N turns of the C-phase power supply cable is completed;
and connecting the terminals of the three-phase power supply cable at the tail part of the nth magnetic core unit together to realize star connection.
Preferably, the three-phase power supply cables are wound around the upright 6 at different heights, and the three-phase power supply cables do not cross each other.
Preferably, the power receiving device includes a receiving coil 9 and a receiving-end magnetic core 10; the receiving end magnetic core 10 is laid above the receiving coil 9, and the receiving coil 9 generates voltage to supply power to a load through the electromagnetic induction principle, so that wireless transmission of electric energy is realized.
Preferably, the receiving coil 9 is formed by connecting two adjacent rectangular coils on the same plane in series, and a cable in each rectangular coil is an LIZI line; when the rectangular coil is in work, the current directions in the two coils are opposite, and the length of each rectangular coil is less than 1/2 driving period distances.
Preferably, the receiving end magnetic core 10 includes M strip-shaped magnetic cores, the M strip-shaped magnetic cores are symmetrically disposed along the axis of the receiving coil 9 and parallel to the power supply track, and are used for guiding the magnetic force line direction generated by the power supply track, and M is a positive integer.
Preferably, the three-phase power supply cables are respectively connected with A, B, C phases of a three-phase power supply, the flowing currents are equal in amplitude and different in phase by 120 degrees.
The features mentioned above can be combined in various suitable ways or replaced by equivalent features as long as the object of the invention is achieved.
The invention has the beneficial effects that after current is introduced into the three-phase power supply cable, a traveling wave magnetic field is excited in the space, and the receiving coil generates voltage to supply power to a load through the electromagnetic induction principle, so that the wireless transmission of electric energy is realized; the magnetic force lines are restrained by the magnetic cores of the power supply track and the receiving end in the magnetic coupling mechanism, so that most of the magnetic force lines penetrate through the receiving coil, the electromagnetic radiation is reduced, and the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil is improved; compared with a pulse vibration magnetic field generated by a single-phase power supply cable, the travelling wave magnetic field generated by the three-phase power supply cable greatly reduces the fluctuation of output power in the dynamic charging process;
compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the output power is not fluctuated in the dynamic charging process of the vehicle;
2. magnetic fields generated by the power supply rails on two sides of the vehicle are mutually offset, leakage flux leakage is small, and electromagnetic compatibility is good;
3. the three-phase power supply cable shares a set of power supply track magnetic core, the utilization rate of the magnetic core is high, the magnetic core is not easy to saturate, and the cost is reduced;
4. the power supply track is extremely narrow, so that the cost required by the power supply track is saved, and the construction difficulty is reduced;
5. compared with other dynamic wireless power supply magnetic coupling mechanisms at present, the transmission distance is longer, and the lateral movement capability is stronger.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a power supply track according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an a-phase power supply cable 1 and a power supply track magnetic core according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of FIG. 2;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a B-phase power supply cable 2 and a power supply track magnetic core according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of FIG. 4;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the C-phase power supply cable 3 and the power supply track core in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a top view of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-phase power supply cable and a power supply track core according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a top view of FIG. 8;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a receiving coil of the power receiving device according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a power receiving device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-phase magnetic coupling mechanism for dynamically wirelessly powering a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a side view of FIG. 12;
FIG. 14 is a graph showing the variation of mutual inductance between the transmitter and receiver coils with displacement during the dynamic wireless power supply of the vehicle;
fig. 15 is an equivalent magnetic pole distribution diagram of the a-phase power supply cable 1 acting alone;
fig. 16 is an equivalent magnetic pole distribution diagram when the B-phase power supply cable 2 is solely operated;
fig. 17 is an equivalent magnetic pole distribution diagram when the C-phase power supply cable 3 is solely operated.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
The invention is further described with reference to the following drawings and specific examples, which are not intended to be limiting.
The present embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 to 17, and is applied to a three-phase magnetic coupling mechanism for dynamic wireless power supply of a vehicle, including a power supply rail for transmitting electric power and a power receiving device;
the power supply track is a three-phase power supply track and is arranged below a road in the vehicle advancing direction;
the power supply track comprises a three-phase power supply cable and a power supply track magnetic core 8 and is used for restricting the trend of generated magnetic lines, wherein the three-phase power supply cable is wound on the power supply track magnetic core 8; after the three-phase power supply cable is electrified, a magnetic field is generated to transmit electric energy to the electric energy receiving device; the matching mode of the three-phase power supply cable and the power supply track magnetic core 8 is cross winding or sequential winding, and the three-phase power supply cable has the same structure except that the difference in space position along the driving direction is 1/3 driving cycle distances;
the electric energy receiving device is installed on a vehicle chassis, and generates voltage to supply power to a load through the electromagnetic induction principle, so that wireless transmission of electric energy is realized.
In the preferred embodiment, the power supply track core 8 comprises n core units, which are connected together along the travelling direction, as shown in fig. 1, each core unit comprises a bottom connecting core 5, a column 6 and a pole shoe 7, wherein n is a positive integer and is a multiple of 3;
the bottom of the upright post 6 is fixed on the bottom connecting magnetic core 5, the pole shoe 7 is fixed on the top of the upright post 6, and the cross section and the longitudinal section of each magnetic core unit are in an I shape.
The three-phase power supply cables in the embodiment are all LIZI cables and are respectively marked as an A-phase power supply cable, a B-phase power supply cable and a C-phase power supply cable; the specification parameters of the three-phase cables are the same, and the number of strands and the wire diameter are determined according to the current amplitude and the frequency; cosine currents with equal amplitude and phase difference of 120 degrees are respectively introduced into the three-phase cables;
in a preferred embodiment, the driving period distance is the length along the driving direction after six adjacent magnetic core units are tightly connected together.
In the preferred embodiment, the process of cross-winding the a-phase power supply cable 1 is as follows: along the traveling direction, starting from a starting point, after an A-phase power supply cable 1 penetrates from one side of an upright post 6 of a first magnetic core unit to a third magnetic core unit, then penetrates from the other side of the next adjacent three magnetic core units, then alternately penetrates through the power supply cable from two sides of the upright post 6 by taking the adjacent three magnetic core units as a period, and after the power supply cable extends to the corresponding side of the nth magnetic core unit, a return stroke is started from the other side of the upright post 6 of the nth magnetic core unit, and the power supply cable is wound in a mode symmetrical to the forward stroke during the return stroke, penetrates through the n magnetic core units and then penetrates out from the other side of the upright post 6 of the first magnetic core unit, so that the winding of the A-phase one-turn;
repeating the process to complete the winding of N turns of the A-phase power supply cable 1, wherein the number of turns N is determined by the power transmitted by the wireless electric energy, and N is a positive integer;
the process of cross winding the B-phase power supply cable 2 comprises the following steps: along the traveling direction, starting from a starting point, after a B-phase power supply cable 1 penetrates from one side of an upright post 6 of a first magnetic core unit to a second magnetic core unit, the B-phase power supply cable penetrates from the other side of three adjacent magnetic core units, then the B-phase power supply cable penetrates from the other side of the next adjacent magnetic core unit, the power supply cable alternately penetrates through two sides of the upright post 6 by taking the adjacent three magnetic core units as a period, the power supply cable extends to the corresponding side of the nth magnetic core unit, then the power supply cable starts a return stroke from the other side of the upright post 6 of the nth magnetic core unit, and the power supply cable is wound in a mode symmetrical to the forward stroke during the return stroke, penetrates through the n magnetic core units and then penetrates out from the;
repeating the process to complete the winding of the N turns of the B-phase power supply cable 2;
the process of cross winding the C-phase power supply cable 3 is as follows: along the traveling direction, starting from a starting point, after a C-phase power supply cable 3 penetrates from one side of an upright post 6 of a first magnetic core unit, penetrates from the other side of three adjacent magnetic core units, then alternately penetrates through power supply cables from two sides of the upright post 6 by taking the adjacent three magnetic core units as a period, and extends to the corresponding side of an nth magnetic core unit, then starts a return process from the other side of the upright post 6 of the nth magnetic core unit, and the power supply cable is wound in a mode symmetrical to the return process, penetrates through the n magnetic core units and then penetrates out from the other side of the upright post 6 of the first magnetic core unit, so that the winding of the C-phase one-turn power supply cable is completed;
repeating the process to complete the winding of the N turns of the C-phase power supply cable 3;
the terminals of the three-phase power supply cables at the starting points are connected together, and star connection is realized.
Taking the a-phase power supply cable 1 as an example, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the a-phase power supply cable 1 is inserted closely to the right side (or left side) of the pillar 6 of the first magnetic core unit, is horizontally routed along the traveling direction, and is extended out from the left side (right side) of the pillar 6 of the first magnetic core unit when being extended to the fourth magnetic core unit, and is then extended out to the right side (left side) of the pillar 6 of the seventh magnetic core unit, and is passed out … from the left side (right side) of the pillar 6 of the tenth magnetic core unit, and is then passed out from the other side of the next three adjacent magnetic core units, and is extended to the corresponding side of the nth magnetic core unit, and is then returned from the other side of the pillar 6 of the unit, and the a-phase power supply cable 1 is extended closely to the pillar 6 in the same manner during the return, and is passed out from the left side (or right side) of the pillar 6 of the first magnetic core unit after being, completing the winding of one turn of the power supply cable 1, and repeating the process to complete the winding of N turns of the power supply cable 1, wherein the number of turns N is determined by the power transmitted by the wireless electric energy, and N is a positive integer;
the matching mode of the phase B cable 2 and the phase C cable 3 and the power supply track magnetic core 8 is compared with that of the phase A cable 1 except for the difference in the driving direction in space
In addition, the rest is the same, wherein l is expressed as a travel period distance, that is, the three-phase power supply cables are different in space by 1/3 travel period distances along the travel direction, as shown in fig. 4 to 7.
After the winding manner is adopted, the schematic structural diagrams of the three-phase power supply cable and the power supply track magnetic core are shown in fig. 8 and fig. 9.
In the preferred embodiment, the process of sequentially winding the phase a power supply cable 1 is as follows:
along the traveling direction, from the starting point, the A-phase power supply cable is wound around the upright posts 6 of the first to third magnetic core units clockwise or anticlockwise for N turns, then the upright posts 6 of the adjacent three magnetic core units are wound in the opposite direction for N turns, and then the power supply cable is wound around the adjacent three magnetic core units as a period and in the alternate direction until the nth magnetic core unit is wound, so that the winding of N turns of the A-phase power supply cable 1 is completed;
the process of sequentially winding the B-phase power supply cable 2 comprises the following steps:
along the traveling direction, from the starting point, the B-phase power supply cable is wound around the upright posts 6 of the first magnetic core unit to the second magnetic core unit clockwise or anticlockwise for N turns, then the upright posts 6 of the adjacent three magnetic core units are wound in the opposite direction for N turns, and then the power supply cable is wound around the adjacent three magnetic core units in the same period and direction alternately until the nth magnetic core unit is wound, so that the winding of the N turns of the B-phase power supply cable 2 is completed;
the process of sequentially winding the C-phase power supply cable 3 is as follows:
along the driving direction, from the starting point, the C-phase power supply cable is wound on the upright post 6 of the first magnetic core unit for N turns clockwise or anticlockwise, then the upright posts 6 of the adjacent three magnetic core units are wound for N turns in the opposite direction, then the power supply cable is wound alternately in the direction with the adjacent three magnetic core units as the period until the nth magnetic core unit is wound, and the winding of the N-turn C-phase power supply cable 3 is completed;
and connecting the terminals of the three-phase power supply cable at the tail part of the nth magnetic core unit together to realize star connection.
Taking the a-phase power supply cable 1 as an example, the core units in the power supply track core 8 are respectively numbered as core units No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3 … N from the starting point along the traveling direction, after the power supply cable 1 is horizontally wound on the upright posts 6 of the core units No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3 clockwise for N turns, the upright posts 6 of the core units No. 4, No. 5 and No. 6 are wound counterclockwise for N turns, and then the upright posts 6 of the core units No. 7, No. 8 and No. 9 are wound clockwise for N turns … until the core units No. N are wound; the matching mode of the phase B cable 2 and the phase C cable 3 and the power supply track magnetic core 8 is compared with that of the phase A cable 1 except for the difference in the driving direction in space
Otherwise, the rest are completely the same; the wound three-phase power supply cables are connected together at the tail part of the nth magnetic core unit, namely in star connection; notably, the three-phase power supply cables are spatially different
In the winding process of a certain phase or a certain two-phase power supply cable, the number of the finally wound group of magnetic core units is less than 3, and only the rest magnetic core units are wound at the moment;
for the two winding modes, the three-phase power supply cables are tightly wound at different positions of the upright post 6 in the track magnetic core 8, and the three-phase power supply cables are not mutually crossed;
as shown in fig. 10 and 11, the power receiving device in the present embodiment includes a receiving coil 9 and a receiving-end magnetic core 10; the receiving end magnetic core 10 is laid above the receiving coil 9, and the receiving coil 9 generates voltage to supply power to a load through the electromagnetic induction principle, so that wireless transmission of electric energy is realized.
The receiving coil 9 of the present embodiment is formed by connecting two adjacent rectangular coils in series on the same plane, the winding directions of the two rectangular coils are opposite (clockwise or counterclockwise), each rectangular coil includes a plurality of turns, and the length of each rectangular coil is smaller than that of each rectangular coil
The width and the number of turns of the coil are determined by the power transmitted by wireless electric energy; when the device works normally, the current directions in the two coils are opposite (clockwise or anticlockwise);
cables in the receiving coil 9 in this embodiment are all LIZI lines;
in this embodiment, the receiving end magnetic core 10 is laid above the receiving coil 9, the receiving end magnetic core 10 includes M strip-shaped magnetic cores, the M strip-shaped magnetic cores are symmetrically placed along the axis of the receiving coil 9 and parallel to the power supply track for guiding the magnetic force line trend generated by the power supply track, and M is a positive integer.
As shown in fig. 12 and 13, the power receiving device is located right above the power supply track and moves together with the vehicle;
the working principle of the three-phase magnetic coupling mechanism applied to the dynamic wireless power supply of the vehicle provided by the invention is as follows:
cosine currents with the same amplitude and phase difference of 120 degrees are introduced into the three-phase power supply cables, and equivalent magnetic poles with the pole pitch dp as shown in fig. 15 to 17 are respectively formed along the driving direction; l is expressed as a driving cycle distance and satisfies: l is 2. dp; the three-phase power supply cable is spatially different
Winding, so that the equivalent magnetic pole space formed after electrifying is also different
So that the mutual inductance between the three-phase power supply cable and the receiving coil meets the requirement of the figure along with the running of the vehicleCurve 14, i.e.:
in the formula MA-Pu、MB-Pu、MC-PuRespectively representing mutual inductance between the three-phase power supply cable and the receiving coil, wherein x represents the running distance of the vehicle along the running direction, and l represents the running period distance;
according to the electromagnetic induction principle, the induced voltage generated in the receiving coil is:
where ω represents the angular frequency of the current and I represents the amplitude of the current;
because the speed of the travelling wave magnetic field is far greater than the driving speed, the induced voltage can be considered as cosine voltage with constant amplitude, and the output power is constant in the dynamic charging process of the vehicle. Although the invention herein has been described with reference to particular embodiments, it is to be understood that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and applications of the present invention. It is therefore to be understood that numerous modifications may be made to the illustrative embodiments and that other arrangements may be devised without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims. It should be understood that features described in different dependent claims and herein may be combined in ways different from those described in the original claims. It is also to be understood that features described in connection with individual embodiments may be used in other described embodiments.
Claims (7)
1. A three-phase magnetic coupling mechanism applied to dynamic wireless power supply of vehicles comprises a power supply rail for transmitting electric energy and an electric energy receiving device;
the power supply track is arranged below a road in the vehicle traveling direction; the power supply track comprises a three-phase power supply cable and a power supply track magnetic core and is used for restraining the trend of generated magnetic lines of force, wherein the three-phase power supply cable is wound on the power supply track magnetic core, and the three-phase power supply cable generates a magnetic field after being electrified and transmits electric energy to the electric energy receiving device; the matching mode of the three-phase power supply cable and the power supply track magnetic core is cross winding or sequential winding, and the three-phase power supply cable has the same structure except that the difference in space position along the driving direction is 1/3 driving cycle distances;
the electric energy receiving device is arranged on a vehicle chassis, generates voltage to supply power to a load through an electromagnetic induction principle, and realizes wireless transmission of electric energy;
the power supply track magnetic core comprises n magnetic core units, the n magnetic core units are connected together along the traveling direction, each magnetic core unit comprises a bottom connecting magnetic core, a stand column and a pole shoe, wherein n is a positive integer and is a multiple of 3;
the bottom of the upright post is fixed on the bottom connecting magnetic core, the pole shoe is fixed on the top of the upright post, and the cross section and the longitudinal section of each magnetic core unit are in an I shape;
the driving period distance is the length of the six adjacent magnetic core units in the driving direction after the six magnetic core units are tightly connected together;
it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the process of the A-phase power supply cable for cross winding is as follows: along the traveling direction, starting from a starting point, after an A-phase power supply cable penetrates from one side of an upright post of a first magnetic core unit to a third magnetic core unit, the A-phase power supply cable penetrates from the other side of the next adjacent three magnetic core units, then the A-phase power supply cable alternately penetrates from two sides of the upright post by taking the adjacent three magnetic core units as a period, the power supply cable extends to the corresponding side of the nth magnetic core unit, then the return process is started from the other side of the upright post of the nth magnetic core unit, the power supply cable is wound in a mode symmetrical to the forward process during the return process, and the power supply cable penetrates through the n magnetic core units and then penetrates out from the other side of the upright post of the first magnetic core unit, so;
repeating the process to complete the winding of N turns of the A-phase power supply cable, wherein the number of turns N is determined by the power transmitted by the wireless electric energy, and N is a positive integer;
the process of cross winding of the B-phase power supply cable comprises the following steps: along the traveling direction, starting from a starting point, after a B-phase power supply cable penetrates from one side of an upright post of a first magnetic core unit to a second magnetic core unit, the B-phase power supply cable penetrates from the other side of three adjacent magnetic core units, then the B-phase power supply cable penetrates from the other side of the upright post of the first magnetic core unit to the other side of the adjacent magnetic core units, then the power supply cable alternately penetrates through two sides of the upright post by taking the adjacent three magnetic core units as a period and extends to the corresponding side of the nth magnetic core unit, a return process is started from the other side of the upright post of the nth magnetic core unit, the power supply cable is wound in a mode symmetrical to the forward process during the return process, and the power supply cable penetrates through;
repeating the process to complete the winding of the N turns of the B-phase power supply cable;
the process of cross winding of the C-phase power supply cable comprises the following steps: along the traveling direction, starting from a starting point, after a C-phase power supply cable penetrates from one side of an upright post of a first magnetic core unit, then penetrates from the other side of three adjacent magnetic core units, then alternately penetrates through the power supply cable from two sides of the upright post by taking the three adjacent magnetic core units as a period, and extends to the corresponding side of an nth magnetic core unit, and then starts a return stroke from the other side of the upright post of the nth magnetic core unit, wherein the power supply cable is wound in a mode symmetrical to the forward stroke during the return stroke, penetrates through the n magnetic core units and then penetrates out from the other side of the upright post of the first magnetic core unit, and the winding of the C-phase one-turn power supply cable is completed;
repeating the process to complete the winding of the N turns of the C-phase power supply cable;
the terminals of the three-phase power supply cables at the starting points are connected together, and star connection is realized.
2. A three-phase magnetic coupling mechanism applied to dynamic wireless power supply of vehicles comprises a power supply rail for transmitting electric energy and an electric energy receiving device;
the power supply track is arranged below a road in the vehicle traveling direction; the power supply track comprises a three-phase power supply cable and a power supply track magnetic core and is used for restraining the trend of generated magnetic lines of force, wherein the three-phase power supply cable is wound on the power supply track magnetic core, and the three-phase power supply cable generates a magnetic field after being electrified and transmits electric energy to the electric energy receiving device; the matching mode of the three-phase power supply cable and the power supply track magnetic core is cross winding or sequential winding, and the three-phase power supply cable has the same structure except that the difference in space position along the driving direction is 1/3 driving cycle distances;
the electric energy receiving device is arranged on a vehicle chassis, generates voltage to supply power to a load through an electromagnetic induction principle, and realizes wireless transmission of electric energy;
the power supply track magnetic core comprises n magnetic core units, the n magnetic core units are connected together along the traveling direction, each magnetic core unit comprises a bottom connecting magnetic core, a stand column and a pole shoe, wherein n is a positive integer and is a multiple of 3;
the bottom of the upright post is fixed on the bottom connecting magnetic core, the pole shoe is fixed on the top of the upright post, and the cross section and the longitudinal section of each magnetic core unit are in an I shape;
the driving period distance is the length of the six adjacent magnetic core units in the driving direction after the six magnetic core units are tightly connected together;
it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the process of sequentially winding the A-phase power supply cable comprises the following steps:
along the driving direction, from the starting point, the A-phase power supply cable is wound around the upright columns of the first magnetic core unit to the third magnetic core unit clockwise or anticlockwise for N turns, then the upright columns of the adjacent three magnetic core units are wound in the opposite direction for N turns, and then the power supply cable is wound around the adjacent three magnetic core units as a period and in the alternate direction until the nth magnetic core unit is wound, so that the N-turn A-phase power supply cable is wound;
the process of sequentially winding the B-phase power supply cable comprises the following steps:
along the driving direction, from the starting point, the B-phase power supply cable is wound around the upright columns of the first magnetic core unit to the second magnetic core unit clockwise or anticlockwise for N turns, then the upright columns of the adjacent three magnetic core units are wound in the opposite direction for N turns, and then the power supply cable is wound around the adjacent three magnetic core units as a period and in the opposite direction until the nth magnetic core unit is wound, so that the winding of N turns of the B-phase power supply cable is completed;
the process of sequentially winding the C-phase power supply cable comprises the following steps:
along the driving direction, from the starting point, the C-phase power supply cable is wound around the upright post of the first magnetic core unit clockwise or anticlockwise for N turns, then the upright posts of the adjacent three magnetic core units are wound in the opposite direction for N turns, and then the power supply cable is wound alternately in the direction with the adjacent three magnetic core units as the period until the nth magnetic core unit is wound, so that the winding of the N turns of the C-phase power supply cable is completed;
and connecting the terminals of the three-phase power supply cable at the tail part of the nth magnetic core unit together to realize star connection.
3. The three-phase magnetic coupling mechanism applied to the dynamic wireless power supply of the vehicle as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the three-phase power supply cables are wound at different heights of the upright posts, and the three-phase power supply cables do not cross each other.
4. The three-phase magnetic coupling mechanism applied to the dynamic wireless power supply of the vehicle according to claim 3, wherein the power receiving device comprises a receiving coil and a receiving end magnetic core; the receiving end magnetic core is laid above the receiving coil, and the receiving coil generates voltage to supply power to the load through the electromagnetic induction principle, so that wireless transmission of electric energy is realized.
5. The three-phase magnetic coupling mechanism applied to the dynamic wireless power supply of the vehicle according to claim 4, wherein the receiving coil is formed by connecting two adjacent rectangular coils on the same plane in series, and a cable in each rectangular coil is an LIZI (laser induced interference) wire; when the rectangular coil is in work, the current directions in the two coils are opposite, and the length of each rectangular coil is less than 1/2 driving period distances.
6. The three-phase magnetic coupling mechanism applied to the dynamic wireless power supply of the vehicle as claimed in claim 5, wherein the receiving end magnetic core comprises M strip-shaped magnetic cores, the M strip-shaped magnetic cores are symmetrically arranged along the axis of the receiving coil and parallel to the power supply track and used for guiding the magnetic force line direction generated by the power supply track, and M is a positive integer.
7. The three-phase magnetic coupling mechanism applied to the dynamic wireless power supply of the vehicle as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the three-phase power supply cables are respectively connected with A, B, C phases of a three-phase power supply, the flowing currents are equal in amplitude and different in phase by 120 degrees.
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| CN109435716B (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2020-04-24 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Three-pole magnetic coupling mechanism applied to rail transit wireless power supply system |
| CN109660032B (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2022-04-12 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Three-phase magnetic field coupling type wireless power receiving magnetic coupling mechanism |
| CN109849698B (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2020-07-14 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Five-phase wireless charging magnetic coupling mechanism applied to rail transit |
| JP7243450B2 (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2023-03-22 | 株式会社デンソー | Power supply system while driving |
| CN111923752B (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2022-04-08 | 金陵科技学院 | Sectional type dynamic wireless charging system based on electric trolley and implementation method |
| CN114268173A (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2022-04-01 | 中国航天科工飞航技术研究院（中国航天海鹰机电技术研究院） | Non-contact power supply system and rail transit train |
| CN113270948B (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2022-09-23 | 重庆大学 | Dynamic wireless charging system for inhibiting power fluctuation and parameter design method thereof |
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| US4635560A (en) * | 1985-01-04 | 1987-01-13 | Urban Transportation Development Corporation Limited | Contactless powering of LIM vehicle electrical system by recovery of LIM slip power |
| GB2463692A (en) * | 2008-09-19 | 2010-03-24 | Bombardier Transp Gmbh | An arrangement for providing a vehicle with electric energy |
| JP6144195B2 (en) * | 2010-05-19 | 2017-07-12 | オークランド ユニサービシズ リミテッドＡｕｃｋｌａｎｄ Ｕｎｉｓｅｒｖｉｃｅｓ Ｌｉｍｉｔｅｄ | Inductive power transfer system primary track topology |
| CN102693819B (en) * | 2012-06-04 | 2016-01-20 | 南京航空航天大学 | Rail mounted non-contact transformer and the former limit winding arrangement method of magnetic can be gathered |
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| CN106059102A (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2016-10-26 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Energy emission end of multi protruded type magnetic coupling mechanism applied to wireless power supply of electromobile |
| CN106981931B (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2020-01-14 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Non-contact induction power supply device of primary coil of three-phase structure |
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