CN108374707B - Magnetorheological exhaust silencer with automatically-adjusted cavity - Google Patents
Magnetorheological exhaust silencer with automatically-adjusted cavity Download PDFInfo
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- CN108374707B CN108374707B CN201810285317.2A CN201810285317A CN108374707B CN 108374707 B CN108374707 B CN 108374707B CN 201810285317 A CN201810285317 A CN 201810285317A CN 108374707 B CN108374707 B CN 108374707B
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- 230000003584 silencer Effects 0.000 title abstract description 13
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011491 glass wool Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical group [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000030279 gene silencing Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001743 silencing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
- F01N1/08—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by reducing exhaust energy by throttling or whirling
- F01N1/10—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by reducing exhaust energy by throttling or whirling in combination with sound-absorbing materials
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
- F01N1/08—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by reducing exhaust energy by throttling or whirling
- F01N1/089—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by reducing exhaust energy by throttling or whirling using two or more expansion chambers in series
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
- H02N2/185—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators using fluid streams
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
- H02N2/186—Vibration harvesters
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of exhaust silencing equipment, in particular to a magnetorheological exhaust silencer with an automatic cavity adjusting function. Comprises a hollow cylindrical barrel, wherein an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe are respectively arranged at two ends of the axis of the barrel; the cylinder is divided into a first cavity, a second cavity and a third cavity by a left partition plate and a right partition plate along the direction vertical to the axis of the cylinder, the air inlet pipe is communicated with the first cavity, and the air outlet pipe is communicated with the third cavity; the left piston and the right clapboard are uniformly provided with a left circulation hole and a right circulation hole; a piston rod coaxial with the cylinder is fixedly arranged on the left piston, a piezoelectric vibrator is sleeved on a thin shaft of the piston rod extending into the first cavity, and the piezoelectric vibrator is formed by bonding annular piezoelectric ceramics and a metal substrate; a cylinder body which is coaxial with the cylinder body and is provided with a cylindrical inner cavity is arranged in the second cavity, and magnetorheological fluid is filled in the inner cavity of the cylinder body. Advantages and features: 1) the piezoelectric vibrator is utilized to convert the sound energy into the mechanical energy, so that the sound absorption capacity is strong and the reliability is high; 2) the volume of the cavity and the damping force of the right piston are automatically adjusted according to the change of the rotating speed of the engine, so that dynamic active sound absorption is realized, and the structure is simple; 3) the piezoelectric ceramic absorbs low-frequency sound waves, and the perforated plate and the glass wool act together to absorb medium-high frequency sound waves, so that the absorption frequency band is wide.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of exhaust silencing equipment, in particular to a magnetorheological exhaust silencer with an automatic cavity adjusting function.
Background
With the increasing industrialization degree and the increasing noise harmfulness, traffic noise becomes the most main noise source in the current urban environment noise, while exhaust noise is the main noise source of the automobile engine, and an exhaust muffler is a device for preventing sound from spreading and allowing airflow to pass through, and is an important measure for eliminating aerodynamic noise. The exhaust mufflers are of many kinds, and the muffling performance of most exhaust mufflers depends on fixed structural parameters. Among the prior art, exhaust muffler's exhaust silencing effect is not ideal enough, and the reason lies in: the exhaust noise of the engine changes along with the change of the rotating speed, and the silencing frequency of the exhaust silencer cannot be automatically adjusted along with the change of the rotating speed of the engine, so the sound absorption coefficient is low, the absorption frequency band is narrow, and the control is difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the silencing aspect of the existing exhaust silencer, the invention provides a magnetorheological exhaust silencer with an automatic cavity adjusting function, and the implementation scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a magneto-rheological exhaust silencer capable of automatically adjusting a cavity comprises a hollow cylindrical barrel, wherein an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe are respectively arranged at two ends of the axis of the barrel; the cylinder comprises a shell, glass wool and a perforated plate, and a plurality of air holes are formed in the perforated plate; the cylinder is divided into a first cavity, a second cavity and a third cavity by a left piston and a right clapboard in the cylinder along the direction vertical to the axis of the cylinder, an air inlet pipe is communicated with the first cavity, and an air outlet pipe is communicated with the third cavity; the left piston and the right clapboard are uniformly provided with a left circulation hole and a right circulation hole; a piston rod coaxial with the cylinder is fixedly arranged on the left piston, a piezoelectric vibrator is sleeved on a thin shaft of the piston rod extending into the first cavity, and the piezoelectric vibrator is formed by bonding annular piezoelectric ceramics and a metal substrate; a cylinder body which is coaxial with the cylinder body and is provided with a cylindrical inner cavity is arranged in the second cavity, the inner cavity of the cylinder body is filled with magnetorheological fluid, a thick shaft of the piston rod extends into the inner cavity of the cylinder body, a right piston is arranged on the thick shaft of the piston rod, a damping hole which is convenient for the magnetorheological fluid to flow is formed in the right piston, a coil which changes the state of the magnetorheological fluid is arranged on the right piston, and springs are arranged at the right end of the thick shaft of the piston rod and the bottom of the cylinder body; a sealing and guiding part is arranged between the piston rod and the end cover; the end cover is installed at the left end part of the cylinder body through a screw, and the cylinder body is fixed on the right partition plate through a screw.
In the invention, in order to improve the sound absorption and noise reduction capability and reliability of the piezoelectric vibrator, the piezoelectric vibrator is of a curved rainbow type structure, the curvature radius of the piezoelectric ceramic is smaller than that of the metal substrate, the thickness of the piezoelectric ceramic is 0.17-0.3 mm PZT4, the metal substrate is beryllium bronze, and the thickness ratio of the metal substrate to the piezoelectric wafer is 1-2.6, so that the sound absorption and noise reduction capability of the piezoelectric vibrator is stronger.
When no current exists in the coil, the magnetorheological fluid is Newton fluid, the right piston can freely slide in the cylinder body, the magnetorheological fluid can freely pass through the damping hole, and meanwhile, the spring plays a role in resetting; when current exists in the coil, namely a magnetic field exists, the magnetorheological fluid has the characteristics of a Bingham body with high viscosity and low fluidity, the damping hole is blocked, and the movement of the magnetorheological fluid on the two sides of the right piston is blocked.
After the air flow enters the first cavity through the air inlet pipe, the air flow generates pneumatic pressure when blowing to the piezoelectric vibrator, firstly, the rainbow-shaped bent piezoelectric ceramics in the piezoelectric vibrator is stressed to tend to be straightened, the stress on the piezoelectric ceramics in the piezoelectric vibrator is smaller than the allowable stress of the piezoelectric ceramics, sound energy is converted into electric energy in the process that the stress on the piezoelectric ceramics is alternately increased and decreased by the vibration of sound waves in the air flow, and the generated electric energy is transmitted to the energy conversion and storage circuit through a lead and then is used for supplying power to the coil; according to the positive piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric ceramic, the electric charge quantity generated by the piezoelectric ceramic under the action of pressure is in direct proportion to the pressure, so that the magnitude of the current applied to the coil is controlled by the electric charge value generated by the piezoelectric ceramic, the change of the current in the coil can cause the change of the magnitude of the magnetic field, the change of the magnetic field enables the mechanical property of the magnetorheological fluid to be changed, and the motion damping force of the magnetorheological fluid on the two sides of the right piston is controlled.
When the rotating speed of the engine is increased, the air pressure and the sound wave frequency of the air flow of the silencer are increased, the electric charge generated by the piezoelectric ceramics is increased, the sound energy is converted into electric energy to be increased, namely, the current applied to the coil is large, and the damping force of the magnetorheological fluid passing through the damping holes is increased; meanwhile, the increased pneumatic pressure can also drive the left piston and the right piston on the piston rod to move rightwards, so that the first cavity is increased, the second cavity is reduced, and the spring is shortened; on the contrary, when the engine speed reduces, silencer air current pressure and sound wave frequency reduce, and the electric current that the piezoelectric vibrator applied to the coil reduces, and magnetorheological suspensions passes through the damping force of orifice and reduces, and the elasticity of spring makes left piston and right piston move left, and first cavity reduces, and the second cavity increases, and the spring extension, consequently can carry out automatically regulated right piston damping force size and cavity volume according to the change of engine speed to the realization is to the intelligent active control of noise.
Advantages and features: 1) the piezoelectric vibrator is utilized to convert the sound energy into the mechanical energy, so that the sound absorption capacity is strong and the reliability is high; 2) the volume of the cavity and the damping force of the right piston are automatically adjusted according to the change of the rotating speed of the engine, so that dynamic active sound absorption is realized, and the structure is simple; 3) the piezoelectric ceramic absorbs low-frequency sound waves, and the perforated plate and the glass wool act together to absorb medium-high frequency sound waves, so that the absorption frequency band is wide.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a magnetorheological exhaust muffler with an automatically adjusting chamber according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a piezoelectric vibrator according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the right piston in a preferred embodiment of the present invention:
Detailed Description
A magneto-rheological exhaust silencer capable of automatically adjusting a cavity comprises a hollow cylindrical barrel V, wherein an air inlet pipe a and an air outlet pipe p are respectively arranged at two ends of the axis of the barrel V; the cylinder V comprises a shell b, glass wool c and a perforated plate d, and a plurality of air holes d1 are formed in the perforated plate d; the cylinder V is divided into a first cavity A, a second cavity B and a third cavity C by a left piston g and a right partition plate m along the direction vertical to the axis of the cylinder V, an air inlet pipe a is communicated with the first cavity A, and an air outlet pipe p is communicated with the third cavity C; a left circulation hole g1 and a right circulation hole m1 are uniformly distributed on the left piston g and the right clapboard m; the left piston g can freely slide in the cylinder V, and a piston rod t coaxial with the cylinder V is fixedly arranged on the left piston g; a piezoelectric vibrator E is sleeved on a thin shaft t1 of a piston rod t extending into the first cavity A, and the piezoelectric vibrator E is formed by bonding annular piezoelectric ceramics E1 and a metal substrate E2; a cylinder body j which is coaxial with the cylinder body V and is provided with a cylindrical inner cavity is arranged in the second cavity B, the inner cavity of the cylinder body j is filled with magnetorheological fluid h, a thick shaft t2 of the piston rod t extends into the inner cavity of the cylinder body j, a right piston q is arranged on a thick shaft t2 of the piston rod t, a damping hole q1 facilitating the flow of the magnetorheological fluid h is formed in the right piston q, a coil k enabling the state of the magnetorheological fluid h to be changed is arranged on the right piston q, and a spring r is arranged at the right end of the thick shaft t2 of the piston rod t and the bottom of the cylinder body; a sealing and guiding part n is arranged between the piston rod t and the end cover i; the end cover i is installed at the left end part of the cylinder body j through a screw, and the cylinder body j is fixed on the right partition plate m through a screw.
In the invention, in order to improve the sound absorption and noise reduction capability and reliability of the piezoelectric vibrator E, the piezoelectric vibrator E is of a curved rainbow type structure, the curvature radius of the piezoelectric ceramic E1 is smaller than that of the metal substrate E2, the thickness of the piezoelectric ceramic E1 is PZT3 of 0.17-0.3 mm, the metal substrate E2 is beryllium bronze, and the thickness ratio of the metal substrate E2 to the piezoelectric chip E1 is 1-2.6, so that the sound absorption and noise reduction capability of the piezoelectric vibrator E is stronger.
When no current exists in the coil k, the magnetorheological fluid h is Newton fluid, the magnetorheological fluid h can freely pass through the damping hole q1, the right piston q can freely slide in the cylinder j, and the spring r plays a role in resetting; when current exists in the coil k, namely a magnetic field exists, the magnetorheological fluid h has the property of a Bingham body with high viscosity and low fluidity, the damping hole q1 is blocked, and the magnetorheological fluid h on the two sides of the right piston q is blocked in motion.
After the airflow enters the first cavity through the air inlet pipe, when the airflow blows to the piezoelectric vibrator E, pneumatic pressure is generated, firstly, the compressive stress on the rainbow-shaped bent piezoelectric ceramic E1 in the piezoelectric vibrator E tends to be straightened, the stress on the piezoelectric ceramic E1 in the piezoelectric vibrator E is smaller than the allowable stress, the vibration of sound waves in the airflow enables the stress on the piezoelectric ceramic E1 to be alternately increased and decreased, namely, sound energy is converted into electric energy, and the generated electric energy is transmitted to the energy conversion and storage circuit through a lead and then supplies power to the coil k; according to the positive piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric ceramic e1, the amount of electric charge generated by the piezoelectric ceramic e1 under the action of pressure is in direct proportion to the magnitude of the pressure, so that the magnitude of electric current applied to the coil k is controlled by the value of electric charge generated by the piezoelectric ceramic e1, the change of the electric current in the coil can cause the change of the magnitude of a magnetic field, and the change of the magnetic field changes the mechanical property of the magnetorheological fluid h, so that the motion damping force of the magnetorheological fluid h on the two sides of the right piston q is controlled.
When the rotating speed of the engine is increased, the air pressure and the sound wave frequency of the air flow of the silencer are increased, the electric charge amount generated by the piezoelectric ceramic e1 is increased, sound energy is converted into electric energy to be increased, namely the current applied to the coil k is large, and the damping force of the magnetorheological fluid h passing through the damping hole q1 is increased; meanwhile, the increased pneumatic pressure can also drive the left piston g and the right piston q on the piston rod t to move rightwards, so that the first cavity A is increased, the second cavity B is reduced, and the spring r is shortened; on the contrary, when the rotating speed of the engine is reduced, the airflow pressure and the sound wave frequency of the silencer are reduced, the current applied to the coil k by the piezoelectric vibrator E is reduced, the damping force of the magnetorheological fluid h through the damping hole q1 is reduced, the left piston g and the right piston q move leftwards due to the elastic force of the spring r, the first cavity A is reduced, the second cavity B is increased, and the spring r extends, so that the damping force of the right piston q and the cavity volume can be automatically adjusted according to the change of the rotating speed of the engine, and the intelligent active control of noise is realized.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the technical features of the present invention are not limited thereto, and any changes or modifications within the technical field of the present invention by those skilled in the art are covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. The utility model provides a magnetorheological suspensions exhaust muffler of automatically regulated cavity which characterized in that: comprises a hollow cylindrical barrel, wherein an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe are respectively arranged at two ends of the axis of the barrel; the cylinder comprises a shell, glass wool and a perforated plate, and a plurality of air holes are formed in the perforated plate; the cylinder is divided into a first cavity, a second cavity and a third cavity by a left piston and a right clapboard in the cylinder along the direction vertical to the axis of the cylinder, an air inlet pipe is communicated with the first cavity, and an air outlet pipe is communicated with the third cavity; the left piston and the right clapboard are uniformly provided with a left circulation hole and a right circulation hole; a piston rod coaxial with the cylinder is fixedly arranged on the left piston, a piezoelectric vibrator is sleeved on a thin shaft of the piston rod extending into the first cavity, and the piezoelectric vibrator is formed by bonding annular piezoelectric ceramics and a metal substrate; a cylinder body which is coaxial with the cylinder body and is provided with a cylindrical inner cavity is arranged in the second cavity, the inner cavity of the cylinder body is filled with magnetorheological fluid, a thick shaft of the piston rod extends into the inner cavity of the cylinder body, a right piston is arranged on the thick shaft of the piston rod, a damping hole which is convenient for the magnetorheological fluid to flow is formed in the right piston, a coil which changes the state of the magnetorheological fluid is arranged on the right piston, and springs are arranged at the right end of the thick shaft of the piston rod and the bottom of the cylinder body; a sealing and guiding part is arranged between the piston rod and the end cover; the end cover is arranged at the left end part of the cylinder body through a screw, and the cylinder body is fixed on the right clapboard through a screw; the piezoelectric vibrator is of a curved rainbow structure, the curvature radius of piezoelectric ceramics is smaller than that of a metal substrate, the thickness of the piezoelectric ceramics is 0.17-0.3 mm PZT4, the metal substrate is beryllium bronze, and the thickness ratio of the metal substrate to a piezoelectric chip is 1-2.6.
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CN201810285317.2A CN108374707B (en) | 2018-03-19 | 2018-03-19 | Magnetorheological exhaust silencer with automatically-adjusted cavity |
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CN201810285317.2A CN108374707B (en) | 2018-03-19 | 2018-03-19 | Magnetorheological exhaust silencer with automatically-adjusted cavity |
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CN108374707A CN108374707A (en) | 2018-08-07 |
CN108374707B true CN108374707B (en) | 2020-06-30 |
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CN109150003B (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2020-05-05 | 浙江师范大学 | Cantilever type piezoelectric linear driver for adjusting friction through magneto-rheological electromagnetic coupling |
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CN87205551U (en) * | 1987-03-24 | 1988-01-27 | 昆明大滇实业公司金属推拉窗门厂 | Multi-effect all frequency spring push-pull combined muffler |
CN2752541Y (en) * | 2004-12-24 | 2006-01-18 | 河北科技大学 | Magnetic flow variable liquid damper |
CN103061287A (en) * | 2013-01-15 | 2013-04-24 | 上海工程技术大学 | Magnetorheological fluid speed bump |
CN103603709A (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2014-02-26 | 天津豪记科技有限公司 | Silencer |
CN205559017U (en) * | 2016-05-06 | 2016-09-07 | 成都羿博智能设备有限公司 | Generator muffler |
CN206769998U (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2017-12-19 | 广州卡迅能源科技有限公司 | A kind of muffler of generating set |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP3407141B2 (en) * | 1991-12-17 | 2003-05-19 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Low noise equipment |
JPH09184497A (en) * | 1995-12-28 | 1997-07-15 | Daikin Ind Ltd | Fan noise reducing device |
KR100469458B1 (en) * | 2002-07-19 | 2005-02-02 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Vibration decrease type fan and fan vibration decrease method |
US9334905B2 (en) * | 2012-04-16 | 2016-05-10 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Hybrid coded magnets and SMA positive drive clutch |
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2018
- 2018-03-19 CN CN201810285317.2A patent/CN108374707B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN87205551U (en) * | 1987-03-24 | 1988-01-27 | 昆明大滇实业公司金属推拉窗门厂 | Multi-effect all frequency spring push-pull combined muffler |
CN2752541Y (en) * | 2004-12-24 | 2006-01-18 | 河北科技大学 | Magnetic flow variable liquid damper |
CN103061287A (en) * | 2013-01-15 | 2013-04-24 | 上海工程技术大学 | Magnetorheological fluid speed bump |
CN103603709A (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2014-02-26 | 天津豪记科技有限公司 | Silencer |
CN205559017U (en) * | 2016-05-06 | 2016-09-07 | 成都羿博智能设备有限公司 | Generator muffler |
CN206769998U (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2017-12-19 | 广州卡迅能源科技有限公司 | A kind of muffler of generating set |
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