CN108370190A - 包括用于流体经过的定子和转子的旋转电机 - Google Patents

包括用于流体经过的定子和转子的旋转电机 Download PDF

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CN108370190A
CN108370190A CN201680055471.XA CN201680055471A CN108370190A CN 108370190 A CN108370190 A CN 108370190A CN 201680055471 A CN201680055471 A CN 201680055471A CN 108370190 A CN108370190 A CN 108370190A
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stator
rotor
motor
disc
fluid
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L·法威
D·贝托尼
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IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
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Marvell Ltd
IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
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Priority to CN202110403672.7A priority Critical patent/CN113098160A/zh
Publication of CN108370190A publication Critical patent/CN108370190A/zh
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
    • H02K21/14—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/12—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof specially adapted for operating in liquid or gas
    • H02K5/128—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof specially adapted for operating in liquid or gas using air-gap sleeves or air-gap discs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/20—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/38—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with rotating flux distributors, and armatures and magnets both stationary
    • H02K21/44—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with rotating flux distributors, and armatures and magnets both stationary with armature windings wound upon the magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
    • H02K3/24—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors with channels or ducts for cooling medium between the conductors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/12—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof specially adapted for operating in liquid or gas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/08—Structural association with bearings
    • H02K7/086—Structural association with bearings radially supporting the rotor around a fixed spindle; radially supporting the rotor directly
    • H02K7/088—Structural association with bearings radially supporting the rotor around a fixed spindle; radially supporting the rotor directly radially supporting the rotor directly
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/02—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/19—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/19—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil
    • H02K9/197—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil in which the rotor or stator space is fluid-tight, e.g. to provide for different cooling media for rotor and stator
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2205/00—Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to casings, enclosures, supports
    • H02K2205/09—Machines characterised by drain passages or by venting, breathing or pressure compensating means

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种电机，包括转子(10)和定子(12)，定子具有围绕所述转子周向布置的多个径向通道(28)、容纳在通道中的磁通发生器(34)以及接纳转子的定子支承件(24)。根据本发明，径向通道(28)包括面向磁通发生器(34)的流体循环廊道(36)。

Description

包括用于流体经过的定子和转子的旋转电机
本发明涉及一种包括用于流体经过的定子和转子的旋转电机。
总体上，这种电机包括一个在另一个内部同轴布置的定子和转子。
转子由转子体构成，转子体支承诸如永磁体或绕组之类的磁通发生器。
该转子一般容纳在定子内部，定子支承呈电绕组(或电枢绕组)形式的磁通发生器以产生磁场，从而使得可能关联于由转子的磁体或绕组所产生的磁场驱动转子旋转。
定子通常包括指向转子且沿整个定子的周界延伸的多个径向槽。这些槽被设计成接纳通过任何已知手段固定在其中的电枢绕组。
已知有在转子与定子之间具有较大气隙的电机或“气隙”电机，其中，气隙有时可为数厘米，从而允许气态或液态流体穿过该气隙。
尤其从专利申请US 2008289333或US 2013169074或US 2013043745中已知该类型的电机，在以低速运行的大气隙同步磁阻电机的情形中，大气隙允许流体输送通过其中。
然而，该大气隙在确保磁通穿过转子与定子之间方面是不利的，且因而在相同递送功率的情况下对定子尺寸以及对电机的固有效率具有限制。
本发明想要通过使用具有小气隙的电机来克服上述缺点，该电机允许定子与转子之间更好的能量转换以及使流体穿过电机的可能性。
为此，本发明涉及一种电机，包括转子和定子，定子包括沿所述定子周向布置的多个径向通道、容纳在通道中的磁通发生器以及接纳转子的定子支承件，其特点是，径向通道包括面向磁通发生器的流体循环廊道。
各径向通道可由径向辐板、定子平坦的环形外边界和定子支承件界定。
流体循环廊道可由径向辐板、定子平坦的环形外边界和磁通发生器界定。
流体循环廊道可由径向辐板、定子支承件和磁通发生器界定。
辐板可具有基本平行于定子的纵轴线的轴向。
辐板可具有相对定子的纵轴线倾斜的轴向。
辐板可具有相对定子的纵轴线扭转的方向。
辐板可在纵向截面上具有空气动力学轮廓。
流体可为电机的液态或气态冷却流体。
流体可以是与食品或石化工业或与建筑工业和公共工程兼容的流体。
通过阅读以下仅通过示意而非限制性的示例给出的说明书，本发明的其它特征和优点现将变得明显，说明书附有：
-图1，图1是本发明电机的径向截面图；
-图2，图2是类似于图1的、具有磁场线路径的视图；
-图3和4，图3和4示出了图1中电机的定子的各种构造；以及
-图5，图5示出了图1中电机的替代形式。
图1中所示的旋转电机在该示例中例如是电动机，包括组装后一个同轴地套入另一个内部的转子10和定子12，从而使得转子自由旋转。
在说明书的余下部分中仅作为示例的该机器为具有单对极的同步电机。
这并不以任何方式排除任何其它电机，比如鼠笼式或绕组式转子异步电机。
根据图1电机的转子以本身已知的方式包括优选为磁性的轴14，相同的平面铁磁性铁芯片叠层放置于其上，通过任何已知手段将这些铁芯片相互组装以形成转子体16。
该转子支承磁通发生器(未示出)，主要是长度基本上等于转子体长度的永磁体。
定子也包括相同的平面铁磁性铁芯片叠层，这些铁芯片通过任何已知的手段联结在一起以形成管状定子体18。
该定子体包括平面环形外边界20(或磁轭)以及由内部容纳转子的管状支承件24界定的、凹陷的中心部分22。
因而，在转子的外周界与定子的管状支承件内周界之间形成气隙E。
定子磁轭通过周向平均分布的多个径向辐板26与管状支承件连接，在该示例中12个辐板每隔30°分布，在它们之间界定出基本为三角形的径向通道28，其中，三角形的顶端指向支承件。这些通道从环状磁轭20的下缘30径向延伸直至支承件的外缘32并沿定子体18的全部(长度)轴向部署。
在说明书的剩余部分，为了简化起见，辐板被称作定子齿。
如图1所示，定子包括磁通发生器，在该示例中为电枢绕组34，优选地，磁通发生器为液体密封的，磁通发生器容纳于通道28内且更具体是接近环形磁轭的下缘30。
非常长的定子齿26因而允许绕组被保持远离支承件。此外，如图2中更好地示出的，这些齿允许由远离该转子的绕组所产生的磁通被引导向转子10。
以此方式，气隙E的尺寸被减小(数毫米)，从而使得可能优化电机的效率和性能。
在绕组之间从而形成的轴向廊道36、支承件的外缘与定子齿因而形成定子栅格，从而允许诸如气态或液态流体之类的流体穿过定子栅格。
这使得可能确保电机的气态或流体流和/或其冷却的集成，且因而使得可能确保在由尺寸和/或由热释放约束的给定系统中最优的定位。
此外，尤其是与具有大气隙的电机相比。该电机的磁性特性使得对于给定的性能级别可能限制有效物质的量。
如图3所示，组成定子栅格的齿26可具有基本平行于穿过其中的流体的轴向，这也就是说轴向基本平行于定子的纵轴线，使得在该流体的方向上具有可能的最小影响。
此外，这些齿的轴向可相对于定子的纵轴线倾斜。
该方向还可能为意在引导/发起或停止流体运动的复杂的空气动力学形状，比如图4中所示的扭转形状。
该扭转形状使得可能增加齿与流体接触的表面积。
此外，定子齿的该扭转可能在磁性的角度是有益的，这是由于其使得可能根据倾斜角而减小转矩波动。
这些齿还可具有诸如泪滴或翼面形状截面之类的空气动力学轮廓，从而最小化与通过栅格的流体通道相关联的压降损失。
定子的表面处理使得该电机可与食品、石化、建筑和公共工程工业以及需要流体被传输和/或引导通过电机的其它工业兼容。
从电机冷却的角度看，这类电机在定子处提供非常大的热交换表面积，从而使得使用与具有相似性能的传统电机相比简化的冷却系统成为可能，且由于该优化的冷却而潜在地可能增加定子内的电流密度。
应指出的是，这类电机尤其可能作为现有系统的置换件被相当简易地整合。
图5中的替代形式与图1中的区别在于绕组34放置在通道28中靠近支承件24处，且因而尽可能接近气隙E。
于是，用于流体经过的廊道36位于绕组、定子的环形磁轭20的下缘30与辐板26之间。

Claims (9)

1.一种电机，包括转子(10)和定子(12)，所述定子包括沿所述定子周向布置的多个径向通道(27)、容纳在所述通道中的磁通发生器(34)以及接纳所述转子的定子支承件(24)，其特征在于，所述径向通道(28)包括面向所述磁通发生器(34)的流体循环廊道(36)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电机，其特征在于，各所述径向通道(28)由径向辐板(26)、所述定子平坦的环形外边界(20)和所述定子支承件(24)界定。
3.根据权利要求2所述的电机，其特征在于，所述流体循环廊道(36)由所述径向辐板(26)、所述定子平坦的环形外边界(20)和所述磁通发生器(34)界定。
4.根据权利要求2所述的电机，其特征在于，所述流体循环廊道(36)由所述径向辐板(26)、所述定子支承件(24)和所述磁通发生器(34)界定。
5.根据权利要求2至4中任一项所述的电机，其特征在于，所述辐板(26)具有基本平行于所述定子(12)的纵轴线的轴向。
6.根据权利要求2至4中任一项所述的电机，其特征在于，所述辐板(26)具有相对所述定子(12)的纵轴线倾斜的轴向。
7.根据权利要求2至4中任一项所述的电机，其特征在于，所述辐板(26)具有相对所述定子(12)的纵轴线扭转的方向。
8.根据权利要求2至7中的一项所述的电机，其特征在于，所述辐板(26)在纵向截面上具有飞机机翼或水滴形状的空气动力学轮廓。
9.根据权利要求1所述的电机，其特征在于，所述流体是用于冷却所述电机的液态或气态冷却流体。
CN201680055471.XA 2015-09-25 2016-09-07 包括用于流体经过的定子和转子的旋转电机 Pending CN108370190A (zh)

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FR1559046 2015-09-25
FR1559046A FR3041831B1 (fr) 2015-09-25 2015-09-25 Machine electrique tournante comportant un rotor et un stator pour le passage d'un fluide.
PCT/EP2016/071095 WO2017050577A1 (fr) 2015-09-25 2016-09-07 Machine electrique tournante comportant un rotor et un stator pour le passage d'un fluide

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EP (1) EP3353879B1 (zh)
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JP2018528755A (ja) 2018-09-27
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US20180269744A1 (en) 2018-09-20
WO2017050577A1 (fr) 2017-03-30
FR3041831B1 (fr) 2019-04-19
EP3353879A1 (fr) 2018-08-01
US10797556B2 (en) 2020-10-06
CN113098160A (zh) 2021-07-09
JP6883572B2 (ja) 2021-06-09
KR20180081705A (ko) 2018-07-17
FR3041831A1 (fr) 2017-03-31

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