CN108363069A - Associated imaging device and method based on distributed semiconductor laser array - Google Patents
Associated imaging device and method based on distributed semiconductor laser array Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a distributed semiconductor laser array-based associated imaging device and method, which comprise the following steps: the laser modulation module controls the on-off state of each unit of the laser array module according to a preset frequency within a preset time period, and determines the transmitting power of each laser unit according to preset light intensity information; the laser array module emits laser beams; the lens module shapes and collimates the laser beam; the echo receiving module collects the light beams reflected by the target; the detection module acquires the intensity of the echo optical signal; the association module acquires a sub-image of the target object; the image reconstruction module acquires an image of the target object according to all sub-images of the target object in a preset time period. The distributed semiconductor laser array is used as a light source to be combined with the detection module, so that the intensity of an illumination light field is increased, the difficulty of collecting echo light signals is reduced, a longer detection distance can be obtained, and the vertical cavity surface emitting laser array is used as a laser unit, so that the laser power utilization rate is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to optical image technology fields, more particularly, to one kind based on distributed semiconductor laser array
Relevance imaging device and method.
Background technology
Currently, the optical image technology based on intensity correlation, also known as ghost imaging.Being will be with the light of spatial-intensity fluctuation
Field is irradiated on target object, by the echo-signal that multi collect target object reflects, the light with the spatial-intensity fluctuation
Field information association calculates, and obtains clearly target object image.Relevance imaging earliest using tangle two-photon to realize, recently it is several
The theory and experimental study in year show that relevance imaging equally may be implemented using thermal light source or counterfeit thermal light source.And true hot light
Usually coherence time is short, brightness is low for field, and the common detector is difficult to capture its intensity fluctuation.It is counterfeit compared to tangling two-photon light source
Thermal light source is relatively easily obtained；Compared to thermal light source, counterfeit thermal light source has better coherence, higher brightness, thus counterfeit hot light
Source has more wide application prospect.
Under the prior art, counterfeit thermal light source be mainly by laser beam irradiation rotate frosted glass light diffuser plate or with
Machine phase-plate or spatial light modulator generate, and the counterfeit hot light field preparation method of these types has not the output power of laser light source
With the loss of degree, cause the utilization ratio of laser output power relatively low.Since the light loss threshold value of the liquid crystal material of DMD is low,
It is not suitable for using in the long-range detection for needing high laser energy.Just because of the prior art in illumination light modulation link to swashing
The low deficiency of optical output power utilization ratio, the research emphasis of many technologies is in the enhancing of echo.
A kind of relevance imaging system and method based on light amplification disclosed in the prior art.The invention is using DMD to swashing
Radiant is modulated, and generates the modulation light field with intensity fluctuation.Modulation light field enters after target object reflects or transmits
Micronano optical resonator unit, and exported after being amplified, the output light of micronano optical resonant cavity is detected by same detector.
Before being placed in detecting module due to the invention micronano optical resonant cavity, although being exaggerated echo-signal light, also it is exaggerated simultaneously
Stray light influences the signal-to-noise ratio of imaging.
A kind of high-light pulse type pseudo-thermal light source disclosed in the prior art.This counterfeit thermal light source passes through Laser emission high power
Pulse laser, the frosted glass through rotation carry out specific modulation, form the counterfeit hot light field of spatial-intensity random distribution.The invention due to
Laser forms random laser speckle after frosted glass is modulated, and this laser speckle does not have rule that can follow, and cannot reuse.Therefore
In actual relevance imaging system, needs spectroscope and be used as with reference to light path to separate light beam all the way, is collected into detector
The signal light of carrying target object Intensity Fluctuation information through target object reflection is associated the picture that target object is calculated.
Further, since frosted glass is larger to the loss of light, and the counterfeit hot light field of the spatial-intensity random distribution formed after frosted glass,
Since the scattering process of frosted glass is serious, cause counterfeit hot light field diverging serious, it is low to the utilization rate of laser.
The laser generated to laser using beam expander disclosed in the prior art is expanded, and by the laser after expanding
Output is to spatial light modulator, then makees specific modulation to laser beam by spatial light modulator such as DMD or SLM and form spatial-intensity
The counterfeit hot light field of random distribution.Since the damage threshold of DMD and SLM are relatively low, that is to say, that cause irreversible physics to device
The damage threshold of corresponding minimum laser energy when damage, DMD is 10MW/cm2@10ns, SLM 2W/cm2@10ns.It is uncomfortable
Use is closed in high power applications occasion, therefore limits its application in long-range detection.In addition, due to infrared light wavelength with
DMD micromirror adjoining dimensions, it is notable when the diffraction effect of generation is than visible light incidence, so as to cause picture contrast it is apparent under
Drop, impacts IR Scene image quality.
To sum up, existing association detection image-forming range is shorter, and energy loss of the laser in transmission process is larger.
Invention content
The present invention provides a kind of one kind for overcoming the above problem or solving the above problems at least partly and is based on distribution
The relevance imaging device and method of semiconductor laser array.
According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of relevance imaging device based on distributed semiconductor laser array is provided,
Including：Laser Modulation module, laser array module, lens module, echo reception module, detecting module, relating module and image
Reconstructed module, the laser array module include default value laser cell；
The Laser Modulation module, for controlling the laser battle array according to preset refreshing frequency within a preset period of time
The on off state of each laser cell in row module, and the transmitting work(of each laser cell can be determined according to default intensity signal
Rate；
The laser array module, for emitting laser beam, the laser beam includes each laser cell according to every
The laser of the transmission power transmitting of one laser cell；
The lens module, for carrying out shaping and collimation processing to the laser beam so that the laser light after collimation
Beam is irradiated on target object；
The echo reception module is reflected for obtaining laser intensity on the target object, and to the target object
The reflected beams be collected so that the echo optical signal received is within the investigative range of the detecting module；
The echo optical signal is converted to electricity by the detecting module, the intensity for obtaining the echo optical signal
Signal, and digitized, obtain digital signal；
The relating module, based on calculate relevance imaging method, based on according to preset intensity signal, in conjunction with distance with
Laser intensity on target object is calculated in transmission medium characteristic, by the laser intensity being calculated and the digital signal into
Row association operation, obtains the subgraph for presetting the target object in illumination region；
Described image reconstructed module, for according to all subgraphs of the target object in the preset period of time, obtaining
The image of the target object.
Preferably, the Laser Modulation module includes：Input unit, storage unit, reading unit and driving unit；
Wherein, the input unit is used to the default intensity signal storage unit, the storage unit is written
For storing the default intensity signal, the reading unit is used for obtaining the default intensity signal, the driving unit
According to each laser array unit in the default intensity signal control laser array module.
Preferably, further include：Acquisition module, the acquisition module by synchronizing signal control the laser array module and
The detecting module.
Preferably, each laser cell includes in the laser array module：Vertical-cavity-face emitting semiconductor laser, lock
The integrated external cavity emitting laser of mould and optical pumping vertical external cavity face emitting semiconductor laser.
Preferably, laser cell all in the laser array module is that two-dimensional array is distributed or one dimensional linear array is distributed.
Preferably, according to Distribution of laser intensity information on the target object and the target strength in the relating module
Information is associated calculating, obtains the image of the target object, is obtained especially by following formula：
G'(x, y)=＜ Ib·Ia(x,y)〉-〈Ib＞ ＜ Ia(x, y) ＞,
Or,
G'(x, y)=＜ Ib·Ia(x,y)〉/〈Ib＞ ＜ Ia(x, y) ＞,
Wherein, G'(x, y) indicate the image of the target object, IbIndicate that the detecting module receives the target and returns
The strength information of wave optical signal, Ia(x, y) indicates Distribution of laser intensity information on the target object,<>Indicate that multiple assemblage is flat
Equal operation.
Preferably, in the echo reception module, the echo optical signal received is passed through contracting by the echo reception module
Beam is collimated, is expanded and one kind in four kinds of methods of space filtering so that the echo optical signal received is in the detecting module
Investigative range within.
Preferably, further include：Motion platform；The motion platform is for placing the laser array module and the lens
Module.
Preferably, once a kind of's array module in four kinds of types of cooling cools down, the following four type of cooling
For：Heat transfer, macro channel water-cooling, microchannel water cooling and air-cooled.
According to another aspect of the present invention, it provides and a kind of image space is associated to based on distributed semiconductor laser array
Method, including：
Controlled within a preset period of time according to predeterminated frequency each unit on off state laser array module it is each in it is every
The on off state of one laser cell, and when the laser array module is in and is closed, determined according to default intensity signal each
The transmission power of laser cell；
Emit laser beam, the laser beam includes that each laser cell is sent out according to the transmission power of each laser cell
The laser penetrated；
Shaping and collimation processing are carried out to the laser beam so that the laser beam after collimation is irradiated to target object
On；
Laser intensity on the target object is obtained, and shrink beam processing is carried out to the reflection laser light beam, so that contracting
Reflection laser light beam after beam is within the investigative range of the detecting module；
Reflection laser light beam after shrink beam is converted into echo optical signal, and obtains the intensity of the echo optical signal；
It is associated calculating according to the intensity of laser intensity and the echo optical signal on the target object, described in acquisition
The subgraph of target object；
According to all subgraphs of the target object in the preset period of time, the image of the target object is obtained.
The present invention provides a kind of relevance imaging device and methods based on distributed semiconductor laser array.Its advantage is such as
Under：
(1) present invention uses vertical cavity surface emitting laser arrays as relevance imaging light source, output power utilization rate
It is high.
Compared to the Laser Modulation module being integrated to form with optical fiber laser in first technology, the laser power in the present invention
Utilization rate is high.Optical fiber laser converts output laser because optical-fiber laser is also required to using LD as pump light source, then by light light,
The light light transfer process having more determines that the electrical efficiency of the program is only capable of reaching 20% or so, and efficiency is relatively low, and generates useless
Heat is more；So that heat management of the laser under high-power operating becomes more difficult.In contrast, LD directly generates the electricity of laser
Light efficiency can significantly reduce the difficulty of heat management up to 50%~65%, convenient for high-power integrated.
The power attenuation of laser light frosted glass is about 70%.DMD, SLM and random phase plate are certain by blocking
The light of position forms spatial intensity distribution light field, can also lose most of laser power.The present invention is swashed using vertical-cavity surface-emitting
The small advantage of light device far-field divergence angle directly modulates laser array transmitting with spatial-intensity point by the Laser Modulation module
The laser light field of cloth has laser output power without frosted glass, DMD etc. the element of very lossy, realizes the height of laser power
Effect utilizes.
(2) present invention is using vertical cavity surface emitting laser arrays as relevance imaging light source, and output power is up to W amounts
Long-range detection imaging may be implemented in grade or 10W magnitudes.
And the laser to form spatial intensity distribution light field is modulated using DMD or SLM, because of the damage threshold of DMD or SLM
(minimum laser energy corresponding when irreversible physical damnification is caused to device) is relatively low, and (damage threshold of DMD is 10MW/
cm2@10ns, SLM 2W/cm2@10ns), it is the low-power laser of mW magnitudes that can only use power.And be used for power be W and
The laser shaping collimating element of the high-power vertical cavity surface-emitting laser array of 10W magnitudes, damage threshold can be used compared to DMD and
The higher lens groups of SLM, at the same can fit lens array, realize and the independent shaping of each unit collimated, effect is more preferable.
Vertical cavity surface emitting laser has the outstanding advantages for easily realizing that large area, highdensity two dimension are integrated, makes system
Integrated level is high, is more convenient for being imaged moving object.Meanwhile the output of laser array each unit is adjusted in the Laser Modulation module
Watt level, to adapt to different imaging detection distances.The wavelength of the laser array light source, can be according to the difference of surrounding medium
It is selected, to reduce loss of the medium to light energy, (the bluish-green wave band of such as wavelength can be used for undersea detection imaging)；Using arteries and veins
Laser integrated laser array is rushed, in conjunction with range gating, the synchronizing detection of laser light source and echo-signal is realized, can effectively filter out
Echo talker reaches higher imaging signal-to-noise ratio, realizes long-range detection imaging.
(3) using vertical cavity surface emitting laser arrays as relevance imaging light source, modulating frequency is far above the present invention
Digital Micromirror Device (DMD).
One of important advantage of vertical cavity surface emitting laser is to change operating current to can be carried out light intensity and light frequency
Direct modulation, and with threshold current it is low, the high feature of modulating frequency.By Laser Modulation module to vertical-cavity surface-emitting
The modulation of laser can reach 100KHz or more, and existing Digital Micromirror Device (DMD) maximum refreshing frequency is about
23KHz.Therefore, compared to Digital Micromirror Device, higher modulating frequency can be reached, the speed that LD is directly modulated is up to number
MHz even GHz are horizontal.
It is preset in the Laser Modulation module for the laser light field with spatial intensity distribution emitted every time
Modulation intelligence can reuse, and to avoid reducing modulating speed because generating more modulation intelligence, while can also reduce tune
The memory space that information processed needs.
(4) present invention is distributed using vertical cavity surface emitting laser arrays as relevance imaging light source using two plane battle arrays
Or one dimensional linear array distribution.Due to of less demanding to system modulation transmission function, therefore lens group is without complicated optical design.
For the heat management of laser array, macro channel water-cooling can be used but or microchannel water cooling or heat transfer or air-cooled
The type of cooling is selected according to different laser power sizes and distribution mode, realizes effective heat management, ensures laser battle array
The normal light extraction of row each unit.
For the transmitting lens group, only need each laser cell with one or two panels lens (such as simple lens or double separation standard
Straight lens) scheme be that can reach the effect (that is, meeting the condition of the diffraction resolution limit in far field) of collimation；And traditional throwing
Shadow optical lens, it usually needs 8 or more lens combinations, the spatial frequency laser propagation effect that can be only achieved.
To sum up, the present invention proposes a kind of relevance imaging device and method based on distributed semiconductor laser array, for
Target object is imaged, and by adjusting Laser Modulation mould default intensity signal in the block, is emitted with spatial intensity distribution characteristic
Laser beam acquires the reflection echo signal of target object to specific objective object area, with default intensity signal through being associated with meter
After calculation, you can obtain the imaging of target object.Distributed semiconductor laser array is combined as light source with detecting module, is increased
The intensity of illumination light field reduces the difficulty of echo-signal collection, therefore can get farther detection range.Simultaneously using vertical
Straight cavity surface-emitting laser array keeps laser power utilization rate high as laser cell.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that a kind of structure of the relevance imaging device based on distributed semiconductor laser array of the embodiment of the present invention one is shown
It is intended to；
Fig. 2 is that a kind of structure of the relevance imaging device based on distributed semiconductor laser array of the embodiment of the present invention two is shown
It is intended to；
Fig. 3 is that a kind of structure of the relevance imaging device based on distributed semiconductor laser array of the embodiment of the present invention three is shown
It is intended to；
Fig. 4 is a kind of flow of the relevance imaging method based on distributed semiconductor laser array of the embodiment of the present invention four
Figure.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, the specific implementation mode of the present invention is described in further detail.Implement below
Example is not limited to the scope of the present invention for illustrating the present invention.
Embodiment one
In order to solve the deficiency of above-mentioned first technology, reaches and both realize that the laser beam of transmitting has spatial intensity distribution
Laser light field, and realize the high usage of laser energy, Fig. 1, which is that the embodiment of the present invention one is a kind of, being based on distributed semi conductor Laser
The structural schematic diagram of the relevance imaging device of array, as shown in Figure 1, including：Laser Modulation module 1, laser array module 2, thoroughly
Mirror module 3, echo reception module 4, detecting module 5, relating module 6 and image reconstruction module 7, the laser array module 2 are wrapped
Include default value laser cell；
The Laser Modulation module 1, for controlling the laser battle array according to preset refreshing frequency within a preset period of time
The on off state of each laser cell in row module 2, and when the laser array module 2 is in and is closed, according to default light intensity
Information determines the transmission power of each laser cell, and on off state refers to being opened or closed for laser cell herein, when laser list
The on off state of member is when disconnecting, and laser cell does not emit laser, when the on off state of laser cell is to be closed, laser cell
Emit laser；
The laser array module 2, for emitting laser beam, the laser beam includes each laser cell according to every
The laser of the transmission power transmitting of one laser cell；
The lens module 3, for carrying out shaping and collimation processing to the laser beam so that the laser light after collimation
Beam is irradiated on target object；
The echo reception module 4 is reflected for obtaining laser intensity on the target object, and to the target object
The reflected beams be collected so that the echo optical signal received is within the investigative range of the detecting module；
The echo optical signal is converted to electricity by the detecting module 5, the intensity for obtaining the echo optical signal
Signal, and digitized, obtain digital signal；
The relating module 6, for based on according to intensity signal is preset, in conjunction with distance and transmission medium characteristic, counting
Calculation obtains laser intensity on target object, and operation is then associated with the digital signal, obtains and presets institute in illumination region
State the subgraph of target object；
It should be noted that the distance refers to distance of the laser array module to target object, i.e., with flight
Time principle (ToF) and pulse laser realize range gating.Transmission medium characteristic refer to light corresponding transmission medium (e.g., air,
Under water, air etc.) in transmission characteristic, for example when light is propagated in an atmosphere, atmospheric gas molecule and aerosol are absorbed and are dissipated
Beam capability decaying caused by meeting is penetrated, the air refraction not enough uniformly caused light wave amplitude of meeting and phase fluctuation is also non-thread
Property effect etc..
Described image reconstructed module 7, for according to all subgraphs of the target object in the preset period of time, obtaining
The image of the target object.
The device includes Laser Modulation module 1, laser array module 2, lens module 3, echo reception module 4, detection mould
Block 5, relating module 6 and image reconstruction module 7, laser array module 2 include default value laser cell.
When needing to obtain the image of target object, first in one section of preset period of time, Laser Modulation module 1 is according to default
The on off state of 2 each laser cell of set of frequency laser array module, that is to say, that laser array module 2 emits initial laser
Frequency it is equal with preset refreshing frequency, Laser Modulation module 1 can reach the modulating frequency of laser array module 2
100KHz or more, that is, predeterminated frequency can reach 100KHz or more.
It is illustrated so that laser array module 2 in preset period of time emits a laser beam as an example, due to laser array mould
Block 2 is made of default value laser cell, these laser cells can rearrange sharp according to the form of two-dimensional matrix
Finishing array block, can also rearrange laser array module 2 according to the form of one-dimensional vector, and the transmitting of laser array module 2 swashs
It is exactly laser cell transmitting laser therein in fact when light light beam.
Each laser cell transmitting can be arranged in laser array module 2 according to preset strength information in Laser Modulation module 1
Transmission power when laser, when the transmission power of some laser cell is 0, which does not just emit laser.If transmitting
Power is not 0, which just emits laser according to the transmission power of setting, since each laser cell emits the work(of laser
Rate is all different, therefore the intensity of the laser emitted also differs, and the laser beam of formation has spatial-intensity random distribution
Characteristic can realize more remote detection.
It is each other and not parallel since laser beam compares diverging, it is therefore desirable to which that lens module 3 carries out laser beam
Spacing shaping realizes the function of the efficient collimating and correcting of laser beam.Lens module 3 can be the simple lens in single aperture, also may be used
To be lens group, when lens module 3 is lens group, lens module 3 can be made of multiple cylindrical mirrors, can also be by multiple
Spherical mirror forms, and can also be multiple aspherical mirror compositions, can also be the arbitrary combination of cylindrical mirror, spherical mirror, aspherical mirror.
The acquisition of echo reception module 4 is radiated at laser intensity on target object, and to the reflected reflection of target object
Light beam is collected, so that the echo optical signal received is within the investigative range of the detecting module 5.
Detecting module 5 obtains the intensity of the echo optical signal, the echo optical signal is converted to electrical signal, and will
It is digitized, and obtains digital signal.
Optionally, the detecting module 5 be point probe, point probe be photodiode, avalanche photodide APD or
One kind in photomultiplier PMT.
Relating module 6 is based on that target is calculated in conjunction with distance and transmission medium characteristic according to default intensity signal
Then laser intensity on object is associated operation with the digital signal, obtain and preset the target object in illumination region
Subgraph.The subgraph of target object refers to a frame image of target object, due to currently have to target object it is current when
The frame image carved, for the convenience of description, current frame image description is known as subgraph.
The above is illustrated for emitting a laser beam, however, in preset period of time, Laser Modulation module 1
The transmitting of laser array module 2 laser beam many times can be also controlled, the image of a frame target object can be obtained every time, that is,
The subgraph of target object, image reconstruction module 7 are spliced and are reconstructed to the subgraph of all target objects in preset period of time,
Finally obtain the image of target object.
The embodiment of the present invention is using the preset strength information of Laser Modulation module 1 to each laser list in laser array module 2
Member carries out switch control, generates and is distributed identical laser beam with preset strength information, and laser beam has spatial intensity distribution
Laser light field characteristic；Laser beam, as detection light, is irradiated to target object region after emitting camera lens；Through target object
After the laser beam of reflection is collected by echo reception module 4, is received, converted optical signals to by light intensity point detecting module 5
Electric signal, and measure echo optical signal intensity.Relating module 6 according to laser intensity on target object and the electrical signal intensity into
Row association calculates, and obtains the subgraph of target object, image reconstruction module 7, for according to the target in the preset period of time
All subgraphs of object, obtain the image of the target object.Selection high power laser array module 2 can realize laser long distance
From detection；Each laser cell switch of laser array changes with intensity distribution pattern, keeps laser heat management easy to implement.Compared to
Modulation of the spatial modulator in the prior art to laser has stronger picture signal utilization rate and widely uses valence
Value.
Specifically, the Laser Modulation module 1 includes：Input unit, storage unit, reading unit and driving unit；
Wherein, the input unit is used to the default intensity signal storage unit, the storage unit is written
For storing the default intensity signal, the reading unit is used for obtaining the default intensity signal, the driving unit
According to each laser array unit in the default intensity signal control laser array module 2.
A series of strength informations being generated in advance are written to by particular order in storage unit by input unit, reading unit
The preset strength information in storage unit is read, and is output in driving unit, driving unit is believed according to corresponding preset strength
Breath controls the light on and off of each laser cell, generates distribution of light intensity distribution identical with preset strength information.Laser array module 2
Modulating frequency it is high, it can be achieved that preset strength distribution pattern fast refresh.
Specifically, which can also include：Acquisition module, the acquisition module control the laser by synchronizing signal
Array module 2 and the detecting module 5.
It is sharp due to that can be calculated according to the distance between the spread speed of laser, target object and laser array module 2
Light light beam fills the launch time for being emitted to and reaching between target object, according to the spread speed of laser, target object and detection mould
Therefore propagation time between the distance between block 5 calculates laser 5 from target object to detecting module can also obtain
Laser from be emitted to detector receive between time difference, then, according to this time difference, so that it may be opened with controlling detecting module 5
It opens or turns off.When laser array module 2 emits laser, after the time difference that front is calculated such a period of time, just
It controls detecting module 5 to open, the reflection laser of target object reflection is detected, obtain the light intensity letter of reflection laser light beam
Breath.
Specifically, each laser cell includes in the laser array module 2：Vertical-cavity-face emitting semiconductor laser,
The integrated external cavity emitting laser of mode locking and optical pumping vertical external cavity face emitting semiconductor laser.
For the present invention using vertical cavity surface emitting laser arrays as relevance imaging light source, output power utilization rate is high.
First, compared to the laser array being integrated to form with optical fiber laser in first technology, laser power utilization rate is high.
Optical fiber laser converts output laser, the light having more because optical-fiber laser is also required to using LD as pump light source, then by light light
Light transfer process determines that the electrical efficiency of the program is only capable of reaching 20% or so, and efficiency is relatively low, and it is more to generate waste heat；Make
Obtaining heat management of the laser under high-power operating becomes more difficult.In contrast, LD directly generate the electrical efficiency of laser can
Up to 50%~65%, the difficulty of heat management can be significantly reduced, convenient for high-power integrated.
The power attenuation of laser light frosted glass is about 70%.DMD, SLM and random phase plate are certain by blocking
The light of position forms spatial intensity distribution light field, can also lose most of laser power.The present invention is swashed using vertical-cavity surface-emitting
The small advantage of light device far-field divergence angle directly modulates laser array transmitting with spatial-intensity point by the Laser Modulation module
The laser light field of cloth has laser output power without frosted glass, DMD etc. the element of very lossy, realizes the height of laser power
Effect utilizes.
Secondly, the present invention is using vertical cavity surface emitting laser arrays as relevance imaging light source, and output power is up to W
Long-range detection imaging may be implemented in magnitude or 10W magnitudes.
And the laser to form spatial intensity distribution light field is modulated using DMD or SLM, because of the damage threshold of DMD or SLM
(minimum laser energy corresponding when irreversible physical damnification is caused to device) is relatively low, and (damage threshold of DMD is 10MW/
cm2@10ns, SLM 2W/cm2@10ns), it is the low-power laser of mW magnitudes that can only use power.And be used for power be W and
The laser shaping collimating element of the high-power vertical cavity surface-emitting laser array of 10W magnitudes, damage threshold can be used compared to DMD and
The higher lens groups of SLM, at the same can fit lens array, realize and the independent shaping of each unit collimated, effect is more preferable.
Vertical cavity surface emitting laser has the outstanding advantages for easily realizing that large area, highdensity two dimension are integrated, makes system
Integrated level is high, is more convenient for being imaged moving object.Meanwhile the output of laser array each unit is adjusted in the Laser Modulation module
Watt level, to adapt to different imaging detection distances.The wavelength of the laser array light source, can be according to the difference of surrounding medium
It is selected, to reduce loss of the medium to light energy, (the bluish-green wave band of such as wavelength can be used for undersea detection imaging)；Using arteries and veins
Laser integrated laser array is rushed, in conjunction with range gating, the synchronizing detection of laser light source and echo optical signal is realized, can effectively filter
Except echo talker, reach higher imaging signal-to-noise ratio, realizes long-range detection imaging.
Again, for the present invention using vertical cavity surface emitting laser arrays as relevance imaging light source, modulating frequency is far high
In Digital Micromirror Device (DMD).
One of important advantage of vertical cavity surface emitting laser is to change operating current to can be carried out light intensity and light frequency
Direct modulation, and with threshold current it is low, the high feature of modulating frequency.By Laser Modulation module to vertical-cavity surface-emitting
The modulation of laser can reach 100KHz or more, and existing Digital Micromirror Device (DMD) maximum refreshing frequency is about
23KHz.Therefore, compared to Digital Micromirror Device, higher modulating frequency can be reached, the speed that LD is directly modulated is up to number
MHz even GHz are horizontal.
It is preset in the Laser Modulation module for the laser light field with spatial intensity distribution emitted every time
Modulation intelligence can reuse, and to avoid reducing modulating speed because generating more modulation intelligence, while can also reduce tune
The memory space that information processed needs.
For the lens module 3, only need each laser cell with one or two panels lens (such as simple lens or double separation collimation
Lens) scheme be that can reach the effect (that is, meeting the condition of the diffraction resolution limit in far field) of collimation；And traditional projection
Optical lens, it usually needs 8 or more lens combinations, with the spatial frequency laser propagation effect ensured.
It is associated calculating according to Distribution of laser intensity information on the target object and the target strength information, is obtained
The image of the target object is obtained especially by following formula：
G'(x, y)=<Ib·Ia(x,y)>-<Ib><Ia(x, y) ＞,
Wherein, G'(x, y) indicate the image of the target object, IbIndicate that the detecting module receives the target and returns
The strength information of wave optical signal, Ia(x, y) indicates Distribution of laser intensity information on the target object,<>Indicate that multiple assemblage is flat
Equal operation.
Further include：Motion platform, for placing the laser array module 2 and the lens module 3.
Once a kind of's array module in four kinds of types of cooling cools down, and the following four type of cooling is：Heat passes
It leads, macro channel water-cooling, microchannel water cooling and air-cooled.
The present invention uses vertical cavity surface emitting laser arrays as relevance imaging light source, using the distribution of two plane battle arrays or one
Tie up linear array distribution.Due to of less demanding to system modulation transmission function, therefore lens group is without complicated optical design.
For the heat management of laser array, macro channel water-cooling can be used but or microchannel water cooling or heat transfer or air-cooled
The type of cooling is selected according to different laser power sizes and distribution mode, realizes effective heat management, ensures laser battle array
The normal light extraction of row each unit.
All laser cells are that two-dimensional array is distributed or one dimensional linear array is distributed in the laser array module 2.
Embodiment two
Fig. 2 is that a kind of structure of the relevance imaging device based on distributed semiconductor laser array of the embodiment of the present invention two is shown
It is intended to, as shown in Fig. 2, the device includes：Laser Modulation module 1, laser array module 2, lens module 3, echo reception module
4, detecting module 5, relating module 6, image reconstruction module 7, acquisition module 8, motion platform 9.
During the device works, Laser Modulation mould preset strength information in the block is to each in laser array module 2
Laser cell carries out power regulation, so that laser array module 2 can emit laser identical with default pattern intensity distribution
Light beam, laser beam are irradiated to target object region after 3 shaping of lens module, collimation processing as exploring laser light.
After the reflection laser light beam of target object reflection is collected by the echo reception module 4, by the detection mould
Block 5 receives, and the optical signal that 5 amount of detecting module receives is converted to electric signal.
Acquisition module 8 controls the search switch state of detecting module with the method for flight time (TOF), realizes distance
Gating reduces the detection of interference light, promotion signal signal-to-noise ratio.
Echo optical signal intensity is associated calculating with laser beam by relating module 6, constructs the son of target object
Image.
Image reconstruction module 7 obtains the target object according to all subgraphs of the target object in preset period of time
Image.
Laser cell in the present embodiment arranges in laser array module 2 at two-dimensional array, with this laser array module 2
The laser beam of transmitting is two-dimensional laser.
Laser array module 2 is placed in lens module 3 on motion platform 9, when target object is more than the spy of laser beam
Range is surveyed, then laser array module 2 is enabled to move to the image in each sub-goal region, image weight with motion platform 9 with lens module 3
Structure module 7 splices each subgraph, obtains the image of target object.
Laser array module 2 is made of the vertical cavity surface emitting laser that 10 × 10 Pixel sizes are 10mm × 6.7mm
Launch wavelength 808nm, each unit transmission power 10w, additional macro channel water-cooling device.By Laser Modulation module to each laser
Unit carries out intensity modulated, generates the face exploring laser light light field of intensity random distribution.
Lens module 3 is made of simple lens array, simple lens effective focal length 20mm, and bore 12mm can compress the angle of divergence
To 0.9mrad.
It is accurate to carry out shaping by 3 opposite exploring laser light light beam of lens module for 2 surface of emission exploring laser light light beam of laser array module
After straight, it is irradiated to a certain region of target object.Reflection laser light beam after target object reflects is carried out by echo reception module 4
It collects, into detecting module 5.In the intensity and target object of the echo optical signal that relating module 6 detects detecting module 5
Laser intensity is associated calculating, obtains the subgraph of target object corresponding region.
Image completely each subgraph is obtained by turning table control laser array module 2, then is processed by image reconstruction module 7
The picture of complete target object.After the picture of gained target object is handled by image reconstruction module 7, blur-free imaging.
2 emission pulse laser of laser array module, the intensity of the echo optical signal for the specific time that detecting module 5 detects
It is associated calculating with laser intensity at target object, range gating is realized, reduces the interference of stray light.
For scanning every time, the preset strength information in Laser Modulation module 1 can reuse, to accelerate modulation speed
Degree, and reduce modulation intelligence memory space.
Laser array module 2 is placed in lens module 3 on motion platform 9, when target object is more than the spy of laser beam
Range is surveyed, then enables laser array module 2 can get with the translation of motion platform 9 with lens module 3 and is more than two-dimensional laser light beam detection
The picture of range target object.
Embodiment three
Fig. 3 is a kind of structure of the relevance imaging device based on distributed semiconductor laser array of the embodiment of the present invention three
Schematic diagram, as shown in figure 3, the device includes：Laser Modulation module 1, laser array module 2, lens module 3, echo reception mould
Block 4, detecting module 5, relating module 6, image reconstruction module 7, acquisition module 8, motion platform 9.
Laser array module 2 is made of the vertical cavity surface emitting laser that 1 × 32 Pixel size is 10mm × 6.7mm
One dimensional linear array laser array, launch wavelength 532nm, each unit transmission power 100mW, use passive type conduction cooling.
The lens group of each laser cell be by a positive lens and a negative lens group at double separation collimation lenses, thoroughly
Mirror effective focal length 20mm, bore 12mm, can be compressed to 0.02mrad by the angle of divergence.Entire lens module 3, thus double separation collimate
Lens array forms.
Laser array module 2 emits strip intensity random distribution laser beam, it is handled as one-dimensional laser beam,
Then the different intensity random distribution light field of projection multiframe, after carrying out shaping collimation to this laser beam by lens module 3, irradiation
To the one-dimensional region of target object.After echo optical signal after target object reflects is collected by echo collection module 4, into
Enter detecting module 5.The laser intensity that the intensity for the echo optical signal that detecting module 5 detects is sent out with laser array module 2
It is associated calculating, obtains the subgraph of target object corresponding region.Target is obtained by turning table control laser array interlacing scan
Each subgraph of object, then it is processed by image reconstruction module 7 picture of complete target object.The picture of gained target object by
After the processing of image reconstruction module 7, blur-free imaging.
The one-dimensional strip intensity random distribution light field that laser array module 2 emits carries out intensity by Laser Modulation module 1
Modulation, each laser cell power is small, and heat management is simple, does not need outer heating/cooling device, reduces system complexity.
2 emission pulse laser of laser array module, the reflection laser echo for the specific time that detecting module 5 detects and institute
It states Distribution of laser intensity at target object and is associated calculating, realize range gating, reduce the interference of stray light.
For scanning every time, preset modulation intelligence can reuse on linear array laser light source, to avoid because
It generates more modulation intelligences and reduces modulating speed, and reduce modulation intelligence memory space.Under identical total sampling number,
Compared to Surface scan imaging mode, line scanning relevance imaging scheme can largely reduce calculation amount, and imaging resolution is got over
Height, the calculation amount advantage that line scans relevance imaging will be more apparent, so as to obtain the target of high quality within the shorter time
Image.
Example IV
Fig. 4 is a kind of flow of the relevance imaging method based on distributed semiconductor laser array of the embodiment of the present invention four
Figure, as shown in figure 4, this method includes：
The switch shape of each laser cell in the laser array module is controlled according to predeterminated frequency within a preset period of time
State, and the transmission power of each laser cell can be determined according to default intensity signal；
Emit laser beam, the laser beam includes that each laser cell is sent out according to the transmission power of each laser cell
The laser penetrated；
Shaping and collimation processing are carried out to the laser beam so that the laser beam after collimation is irradiated to target object
On；
Laser intensity on the target object is obtained, and the reflected beams of target object reflection are collected, is made
The echo optical signal that must be received is within the investigative range of the detecting module；
The echo optical signal is converted to electrical signal, and is digitized by the intensity for obtaining the echo optical signal,
Obtain digital signal；
According to default intensity signal, in conjunction with distance and transmission medium characteristic, it is strong that laser on target object is calculated
The laser intensity being calculated and the digital signal are associated operation, obtain and preset the target in illumination region by degree
The subgraph of object；
According to all subgraphs of the target object in the preset period of time, the image of the target object is obtained.
The implementation procedure of this method embodiment is identical as the implementation procedure of above-mentioned apparatus embodiment, and details please refers to
The implementation procedure of device embodiment is stated, details are not described herein.
Finally, method of the invention is only preferable embodiment, is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all
Within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should be included in the protection of the present invention
Within the scope of.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of relevance imaging device based on distributed semiconductor laser array, which is characterized in that including：Laser Modulation mould
Block, laser array module, lens module, echo reception module, detecting module, relating module and image reconstruction module, it is described to swash
Optical arrays module includes default value laser cell；
The Laser Modulation module, for controlling the laser array mould according to preset refreshing frequency within a preset period of time
The on off state of each laser cell in block, and the transmission power of each laser cell can be determined according to default intensity signal；
The laser array module, for emitting laser beam, the laser beam includes that each laser cell swashs according to each
The laser of the transmission power transmitting of light unit；
The lens module, for carrying out shaping and collimation processing to the laser beam so that the laser beam after collimation shines
It is mapped on target object；
The echo reception module, for obtaining laser intensity on the target object, and to the anti-of target object reflection
Irradiating light beam is collected so that the echo optical signal received is within the investigative range of the detecting module；
The echo optical signal is converted to electrical signal by the detecting module, the intensity for obtaining the echo optical signal,
And digitized, obtain digital signal；
The relating module, for target to be calculated in conjunction with distance and transmission medium characteristic according to default intensity signal
The laser intensity being calculated and the digital signal are associated operation, obtain and preset lighting area by laser intensity on object
The subgraph of the target object in domain；
Described image reconstructed module, for according to all subgraphs of the target object in the preset period of time, described in acquisition
The image of target object.
2. device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the Laser Modulation module includes：Input unit, storage are single
Member, reading unit and driving unit；
Wherein, the input unit is used to the default intensity signal storage unit is written, and the storage unit is used for
The default intensity signal is stored, the reading unit is used for root for obtaining the default intensity signal, the driving unit
Each laser array unit in the laser array module is controlled according to the default intensity signal.
3. device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include：Acquisition module, the acquisition module are believed by synchronous
Number control the laser array module and the detecting module.
4. device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that each laser cell includes in the laser array module：It hangs down
Straight cavity-face emitting semiconductor laser, mode locking integrated external cavity emitting laser and optical pumping vertical external cavity emitting semiconductor
Laser.
5. device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that all laser cells are two dimension in the laser array module
Face battle array distribution or one dimensional linear array distribution.
6. device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that strong according to laser on the target object in the relating module
Degree distributed intelligence and the target strength information are associated calculating, the image of the target object are obtained, especially by as follows
Formula obtains：
G'(x, y)=<Ib·Ia(x,y)>-<Ib><Ia(x,y)>,
Or,
G'(x, y)=<Ib·Ia(x,y)>/<Ib><Ia(x,y)>,
Wherein, G'(x, y) indicate the image of the target object, IbIndicate that the detecting module receives the target echo light
The strength information of signal, Ia(x, y) indicates Distribution of laser intensity information on the target object,<>Indicate multiple ensemble average fortune
It calculates.
7. device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the echo reception module leads to the echo optical signal received
Shrink beam is crossed, collimates, expand and one kind in four kinds of methods of space filtering so that the echo optical signal received is in the detection
Within the investigative range of module.
8. device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include：Motion platform；The motion platform is for placing institute
State laser array module and the lens module.
9. device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the array module once in four kinds of types of cooling it is a kind of into
Row cooling, the following four type of cooling are：Heat transfer, macro channel water-cooling, microchannel water cooling and air-cooled.
10. a kind of being associated to image space using any described device of claim 1 to 9 based on distributed semiconductor laser array
Method, which is characterized in that including：
The on off state of each laser cell in the laser array module is controlled according to predeterminated frequency within a preset period of time, and
The transmission power of each laser cell can be determined according to default intensity signal；
Emit laser beam, the laser beam includes that each laser cell emits according to the transmission power of each laser cell
Laser；
Shaping and collimation processing are carried out to the laser beam so that the laser beam after collimation is irradiated on target object；
Laser intensity on the target object is obtained, and the reflected beams of target object reflection are collected so that is connect
The echo optical signal received is within the investigative range of the detecting module；
The echo optical signal is converted to electrical signal, and is digitized by the intensity for obtaining the echo optical signal, is obtained
Digital signal；
According to default intensity signal, in conjunction with distance and transmission medium characteristic, laser intensity on target object is calculated, it will
The laser intensity being calculated is associated operation with the digital signal, obtains and presets the target object in illumination region
Subgraph；
According to all subgraphs of the target object in the preset period of time, the image of the target object is obtained.
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