CN108362192A - Arch of aorta Tangented position angle measuring scale and measurement method - Google Patents
Arch of aorta Tangented position angle measuring scale and measurement method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108362192A CN108362192A CN201810126068.2A CN201810126068A CN108362192A CN 108362192 A CN108362192 A CN 108362192A CN 201810126068 A CN201810126068 A CN 201810126068A CN 108362192 A CN108362192 A CN 108362192A
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- aorta
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- index line
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Length-Measuring Instruments Using Mechanical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of arch of aorta Tangented position angle measuring scale and measurement methods.The measuring scale is equipped with protractor and positioning ruler；The protractor is equipped with bottom edge index line, and equipped with the zero degree index line perpendicular to bottom edge index line and across bottom edge midpoint, the curved edge of protractor is equipped with subdivision graduation mark in the inner part, and it is equipped with scale numerical value, the scale numerical value of corresponding zero degree index line is " 0 ", and the scale numerical value of " 0 " both sides clockwise and counterclockwise is used to indicate 0 ° 90 °；The positioning ruler is equipped with long axis index line, and the long axis midpoint of long axis index line and the bottom edge midpoint position of bottom edge index line are hinged by articulated shaft.The measurement method measures arch of aorta Tangented position angle using the measuring scale.The present invention solve the problems, such as DSA projection angles in current aorta pectoralis endovascular repair do not meet it is practical and caused by surgical effect is poor, more than complication, it can be achieved that the individualized measurement of aortic arch projection angle.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to medical instruments and clinical parameter field of measuring technique, specifically, being a kind of arch of aorta tangent line
Position angle measuring scale and measurement method.
Background technology
Aorta pectoralis endovascular repair (thoracic aortic repair, TEVAR) is widely used in chest actively at present
It is a kind of important in the treatment of arteries and veins dilatancy disease (including aneurysm of thoracic aorta, dissection of aorta, aorta pectoralis false aneurysm)
Surgical procedure.
In aorta pectoralis endovascular repair, majority needs the bulb perpendicular projection of DSA machines in aortic arch, maximum limit
Aortic arch is unfolded in degree on bidimensional image, accurately to measure anchorage zone (landing zone) distance and branch of lesion
The precise positioning of frame.All it is to use empirical projection angle (45 ° of left front oblique) in the past surgical procedure.We are to Chinese aorta
(i.e. arch of aorta DSA makes the arch of aorta Tangented position angle of the anatomic parameter research discovery Most patients of dilatancy disease
The best projection angle of shadow) it is more than 45 °, retrospective study finds that the case that 95% or more holder is discharged under the angle is not simultaneously
Desired position, causes proximal landing zone insufficient or the catastrophic effects such as top set's artery are bent in mistake covering.
Patent document CN103892799A, publication date 2014.07.02 disclose a kind of aorta vessel and measure probe, dress
It sets and the measurement method of aorta caliber.Aortic blood cell measurement apparatus includes that the aorta vessel being electrically connected to each other measures probe
And signal processing module.It includes flexible base plate and the detector array being arranged on that aorta vessel, which measures probe,
(sensor array), detector array include MXN super wideband wireless electric wave detector, the detecting of these super wideband wireless electric waves
Device (ultra-wideband sensors) contact measured object so that flexible base plate with object to be measured profile adaptive deformation.
Super wideband wireless electric wave detector emits radio wave to object to be measured, and radio wave is incident upon the aorta vessel of object to be measured
Tube wall organizational interface when reflect, super wideband wireless electric wave detector receives echo-signal is simultaneously analyzed by signal processing module,
To define the caliber of aorta.
Patent document CN106580327A, publication date 2017.04.26 disclose a kind of angle measuring aortic sinus angle
Rule comprising bottom dial, rotary needle, swingle；The wherein described rotary needle and swingle vertical connection and it is set to rotation
Bar bottom, and can be rotated with swingle；The swingle bottom is vertically installed on dial, can band by rotating swingle
Dynamic rotary needle rotates on dial, and marking needs measurement angle；Further, retaining structure is set on the swingle, is used for
Swingle is fixed after rotating to specific position.Further, the rotary needle also has mark structure.The invention can prepare conveniently
Measurement aortic sinus angle, be used in combination rotary needle mark structure to mark the starting position of cutting, save operating time.
However, arch of aorta DSA radiographies still shine angle using empirical throw in clinic aorta pectoralis endovascular repair at present
Degree, i.e. 45 ° of left front oblique, and be unaware that it and do not meet practical this technology of arch of aorta Tangented position angle of Most cases and ask
Topic, thus also have no can individualized measurement aortic arch projection angle, the point of release of accurate positioning support proximal end, reduce simultaneously
Send out the measuring device that disease occurs.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is being directed to deficiency in the prior art, a kind of arch of aorta Tangented position angle measuring scale is provided.
Another purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of arch of aorta Tangented position angle measurement method.
To realize above-mentioned first purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that：
A kind of arch of aorta Tangented position angle measuring scale is equipped with one protractor and one positioning ruler；The angulation
The one side of device is equipped with bottom edge index line in the position at nearly bottom edge edge, and equipped with perpendicular to bottom edge index line and across bottom edge midpoint
Zero degree index line, the position of the curved edge of the protractor in the inner part is equipped with subdivision graduation mark, on the protractor
It is additionally provided with the scale numerical value for being used to indicate angle, and the scale numerical value of corresponding zero degree index line is " 0 "；The positioning ruler is set
There are long axis index line, the long axis midpoint of the long axis index line mutually to be cut with scissors by articulated shaft with the bottom edge midpoint position of bottom edge index line
It connects so that the protractor and positioning ruler being capable of relative rotation.
Preferably, the scale numerical value of scale numerical value " 0 " both sides clockwise and counterclockwise be followed successively by " 10 ", " 20 ",
“30”、“40”、“50”、“60”、“70”、“80”、“90”。
Preferably, rough segmentation graduation mark, adjacent rough segmentation scale are additionally provided between the bottom edge index line and zero degree index line
Angle between line is 10 °.
Preferably, the scale numerical value is set between rough segmentation graduation mark and subdivision graduation mark.
Preferably, the protractor is equipped with concentric circles index line.
It is highly preferred that the concentric circles index line quantity is one, it is located at the inside endpoint of subdivision graduation mark.
It is highly preferred that the concentric circles index line quantity is three, outermost concentric circles index line is located at subdivision and carves
It spends at the inside endpoint of line, intermediate concentric circles index line is located at the outer point of rough segmentation graduation mark, innermost concentric circles
Index line is located at the position at nearly bottom edge midpoint.
Preferably, the angle between adjacent subdivision graduation mark is 1 °.
Preferably, the protractor and positioning ruler are made of clear material.
To realize above-mentioned second purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that：
A kind of arch of aorta Tangented position angle measurement method is carried out using the arch of aorta Tangented position angle measuring scale
It measures, specifically includes following steps：
A) arch of aorta Tangented position angle measuring scale is put in arch of aorta position, the bottom edge of protractor is enabled to indicate
Line connects the both sides endpoint of the arch of aorta, and plane where protractor is parallel with the plane where the arch of aorta, this moment angulation
The zero degree index line direction of device is that direction is shone in the throwing of C arms；
B) rotational positioning ruler makes the long axis index line of positioning ruler be in the longitudinal axis in human body cross section, this
The angle carved between the long axis index line and the zero degree index line of protractor of positioning ruler is arch of aorta Tangented position angle.
The invention has the advantages that：
1, present inventor is analyzed based on long-term clinical experience and systematic research, it is understood that Most patients
Arch of aorta Tangented position angle is more than 45 °, and uses empirical projection angle (left front oblique in aorta pectoralis endovascular repair at present
45 °), this is to cause surgical effect not good enough and the major reason of severe complication, is cut based on a kind of arch of aorta of the invention
Line position angle measurement method and arch of aorta Tangented position angle measuring scale realize individualized measurement aortic arch and throw and shine angle
Degree, the point of release of accurate positioning support proximal end reduce the generation of complication to obtain more satisfied surgical effect；
2, arch of aorta Tangented position angle measuring scale of the invention, the design of shape and each index line, scale numerical value,
All it is the benchmark that patient provides measurement and reading in operation, convenient for accurately and quickly identifying, usage experience is good；
3, arch of aorta Tangented position angle measuring scale of the invention only include one protractor and one positioning ruler, structure
Simply, it is easy to use, manufacturing cost is low；
4, the present invention provides a kind of arch of aorta Tangented position angle measurement methods, will realize clinical individualized measurement actively
Arcus haemalis portion projection angle, is obviously improved the effect of aorta pectoralis endovascular repair；
5, arch of aorta Tangented position angle measurement method of the invention can also be promoted in the case of no work station and make
With, such as patient is possible to medical with the film of outer court, the method that the present invention can be used in we utilizes a ruler and angulation
Device can measure the best projection angle of the case；It is closed in clinician's art in addition, the reconstruction of dept. of radiology will not generally provide
The projection angle image of the heart, the image clinically seen all are the sectional drawing of dept. of radiology's three-dimensional reconstruction and original cross-section bit image, institute
Best projection angle is measured under existing resource for clinician with the inventive method.
Description of the drawings
Attached drawing 1 is the arch of aorta Tangented position angle measuring scale structural schematic diagram of embodiment 1.
Attached drawing 2-4 is arch of aorta Tangented position angle measuring scale application method schematic diagram of the present invention.Wherein, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 are
The schematic diagram of drafting, Fig. 4 are the schematic diagrames under aortic arch CT cross-sectional images.
Attached drawing 5 is that the special case being bent is presented for aortic arch to carry out showing for arch of aorta Tangented position angle measurement
It is intended to.
Attached drawing 6 is to be directed to dissection of aorta case, when the true chamber of descending aorta is located at inner or outer side, carries out the arch of aorta
The schematic diagram of Tangented position angle measurement.
Attached drawing 7 is the arch of aorta Tangented position angle measuring scale structural schematic diagram of embodiment 2.
Specific implementation mode
It elaborates below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to specific implementation mode provided by the invention.
Reference numeral and component part involved in attached drawing is as follows：
1. 11. bottom edge index line of protractor
12. 13. zero degree index line of bottom edge midpoint
14. rough segmentation graduation mark 15. segments graduation mark
16. 17. concentric circles index line of scale numerical value
2. positioning 21. long axis index line of ruler
3. 4. arch of aorta of articulated shaft
Embodiment 1
Fig. 1 is referred to, Fig. 1 is the arch of aorta Tangented position angle measuring scale structural schematic diagram of embodiment 1.The active
Arcus haemalis Tangented position angle measuring scale is equipped with one protractor 1 and one positioning ruler 2.The protractor 1 is semicircle, one
Face is equipped with cue mark, specifically：The protractor 1 is equipped with a bottom edge index line 11, institute in the position at nearly bottom edge edge
The bottom edge index line 11 stated is parallel with the bottom edge of protractor 1, and the midpoint of the bottom edge index line 11 is bottom edge midpoint 12；Vertically
It is equipped with a zero degree index line 13 in bottom edge index line 11 and across the direction at bottom edge midpoint 12；The bottom edge index line 11
Rough segmentation graduation mark 14 is additionally provided between zero degree index line 13, the angle between adjacent rough segmentation graduation mark 14 is 10 °；The amount
The position of the curved edge of angle device 1 in the inner part is equipped with subdivision graduation mark 15, and the angle between adjacent subdivision graduation mark 15 is 1 °；Institute
Scale numerical value 16 is equipped between the rough segmentation graduation mark 14 stated and subdivision graduation mark 15, each scale numerical value 16 is carved with the rough segmentation
It is corresponding to spend line 14, zero degree index line 13 and bottom edge index line 11, wherein the scale numerical value of corresponding zero degree index line 13 is " 0 ",
The scale numerical value of scale numerical value " 0 " both sides clockwise and counterclockwise be followed successively by " 10 ", " 20 ", " 30 ", " 40 ", " 50 ",
“60”、“70”、“80”、“90”；Three concentric circles index lines 17 are additionally provided on the protractor 1, outermost concentric circles refers to
Timberline 17 is located at the inside endpoint of subdivision graduation mark 15, and intermediate concentric circles index line 17 is located at the outside of rough segmentation graduation mark 14
At endpoint, innermost concentric circles index line 17 is located at the position close to bottom edge midpoint 12；The concentric circles index line 17 is equal
It is with bottom edge midpoint 12 for the center of circle.The positioning ruler 2 is equipped with long axis index line 21, the long axis index line 21 and positioning
The long side of ruler 2 is parallel, and the midpoint of long axis index line 21 is long axis midpoint, the long axis midpoint just with positioning ruler 2
Central point is overlapped.The position at the long axis midpoint, bottom edge midpoint 12 is hinged by an articulated shaft 3 so that the angulation
Device 1 and positioning ruler 2 can be rotated at random with respect to 3 360 ° along articulated shaft.The length of the positioning ruler 2 is less than or equal to
The bottom edge length of protractor 1.
It is the arch of aorta Tangented position angle measuring scale application method schematic diagram of the present invention referring to Fig. 2-4, Fig. 2-4, with Type B
Illustrate to measure arch of aorta Tangented position angle using the arch of aorta Tangented position angle measuring scale of the present invention for interlayer patient
Concrete operation step.(1) referring to Fig. 2 and Fig. 4, aortic arch CT cross-sectional images are chosen first, by the bottom edge of protractor 1
It is placed on 4 position of the arch of aorta, the bottom edge index line 11 of protractor 1 is enabled to connect the both sides endpoint of the arch of aorta 4, and protractor
1 place plane is substantially parallel with the plane where the arch of aorta 4.13 direction of zero degree index line of protractor 1 is C this moment
Direction is shone in the throwing of arm.(2) referring to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, rotational positioning ruler 2 makes the long axis index line 21 of positioning ruler 2 be in human body
In the longitudinal axis in cross section, between the long axis index line 21 and the zero degree index line 13 of protractor 1 that position ruler 2 this moment
Angle is patient sustainer bow Tangented position angle, that is, the best projection angle of arch of aorta DSA radiographies.However, facing
Bending, such as Fig. 5 this case is presented in the aortic arch that some cases can be also met on bed, then (i.e. bottom edge refers to the A lines done
Timberline position) just it is not rotine positioning, and the position marked in Fig. 5 should be done.Again as shown in fig. 6, being directed to aorta
The case of interlayer does the tangent line of inside edge if the true chamber of descending aorta is located on the inside of patient；If descending aorta is true
Chamber is located on the outside of patient, then does the tangent line of outer ledge.
It should be noted that present inventor is based on long-term clinical experience and systematic research, it is understood that exhausted big portion
Divide the arch of aorta Tangented position angle of patient to be more than 45 degree, and is thrown at present according to angle using empirical in aorta pectoralis endovascular repair
It spends (45 ° of left front oblique), this is to cause surgical effect not good enough and the major reason of severe complication, based on the invention present invention
Arch of aorta Tangented position angle measurement method and arch of aorta Tangented position angle measuring scale, realize individualized measurement aorta
Bow portion projection angle, the point of release of accurate positioning support proximal end reduce the hair of complication to obtain more satisfied surgical effect
It is raw.The protractor 1 is not limited only to semicircle, however disclosure satisfy that the range demand of measurement under the shape, while shape ratio
It is operated in more convenient art.Direction is shone in the throwing that the zero degree index line 13 is used to indicate C arms in measurement process, is referred to by zero degree
The scale numerical value of 13 both sides of timberline, so that it may to read the best projection angle of arch of aorta DSA radiographies, 13 both sides of zero degree index line
Scale numerical value is followed successively by " 10 ", " 20 ", " 30 ", " 40 ", " 50 ", " 60 ", " 70 ", " 80 ", " 90 ", also for convenient direct
Reading.The protractor 1 is not only equipped with rough segmentation graduation mark 14, but also equipped with subdivision graduation mark 15, and the scale numerical value 16 is located at
Between rough segmentation graduation mark 14 and subdivision graduation mark 15, and setting concentric circles index line 17, be conducive under more complex background
Differentiate identification angular values.The long axis index line 21 is to indicate the longitudinal axis in human body cross section, and then judgement
Go out the numerical value of the best projection angle of arch of aorta DSA radiographies, therefore, the positioning ruler 2 is not limited only to rectangle, described
Long axis midpoint on long axis index line 21 is also not necessarily Chong Die with the positioning central point of ruler 2, however, the above design can
Ensure whole device more balance coordination, easily operated and accurate reading.The length of the positioning ruler 2 is preferably equal to angulation
The bottom edge length of device 1 so that the long axis index line 21 can direct and the subdivision graduation mark on protractor 1, rough segmentation scale
Line, the overlapping of scale numerical value, precisely to read.The articulated shaft 3 can be screw, can also be rivet etc., as long as can protect
It demonstrate,proves protractor 1 and positions the flexible rotating of ruler 2.
In manufacturing process, it is preferable to use the organic glasses of water white transparency to be made for the protractor 1, and transparent material can be true
It protects and penetrates 1 clear view protractor of protractor, the 1 subsequent arch of aorta.It is preferable to use flaxen for the positioning ruler 2
Bright organic glass is made, and neither stops the visual field, also allows for distinguishing with protractor 1.The side of the protractor 1 and positioning ruler 2
Angle is both preferably fillet design, avoids touching injury tissue.
Embodiment 2
Fig. 7 is referred to, Fig. 7 is the arch of aorta Tangented position angle measuring scale structural schematic diagram of embodiment 2.The active
Arcus haemalis Tangented position angle measuring scale and arch of aorta Tangented position angle measuring scale described in embodiment 1 are essentially identical, difference
It is only that, the protractor 1 is provided only with a concentric circles index line 17, and the concentric circles index line 17 is located at subdivision scale
At the inside endpoint of line 15.
This example demonstrates that the purpose that concentric circles index line 17 is arranged on protractor 1 is to provide facility for pin-point reading,
However, it is not required in that, it can save, it is equally possible that increasing its quantity.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
Member, under the premise of not departing from the method for the present invention, can also make several improvement and supplement, these are improved and supplement also should be regarded as
Protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of arch of aorta Tangented position angle measuring scale, which is characterized in that be equipped with one protractor and one positioning ruler；Institute
The one side for the protractor stated is equipped with bottom edge index line in the position at nearly bottom edge edge, and is equipped with perpendicular to bottom edge index line and passes through
The zero degree index line at bottom edge midpoint, the position of the curved edge of the protractor in the inner part is equipped with subdivision graduation mark, described
The scale numerical value for being used to indicate angle is additionally provided on protractor, and the scale numerical value of corresponding zero degree index line is " 0 "；Described determines
Position ruler is equipped with long axis index line, and the long axis midpoint of the long axis index line and the bottom edge midpoint position of bottom edge index line are by cutting with scissors
Spindle is hinged so that the protractor and positioning ruler being capable of relative rotation.
2. arch of aorta Tangented position angle measuring scale according to claim 1, which is characterized in that scale numerical value " 0 " both sides
Scale numerical value clockwise and counterclockwise be followed successively by " 10 ", " 20 ", " 30 ", " 40 ", " 50 ", " 60 ", " 70 ", " 80 ",
“90”。
3. arch of aorta Tangented position angle measuring scale according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the bottom edge index line
Rough segmentation graduation mark is additionally provided between zero degree index line, the angle between adjacent rough segmentation graduation mark is 10 °.
4. arch of aorta Tangented position angle measuring scale according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the scale numerical value is set
Between rough segmentation graduation mark and subdivision graduation mark.
5. arch of aorta Tangented position angle measuring scale according to claim 3, which is characterized in that set on the protractor
There is concentric circles index line.
6. arch of aorta Tangented position angle measuring scale according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the concentric circles instruction
Line number amount is one, is located at the inside endpoint of subdivision graduation mark.
7. arch of aorta Tangented position angle measuring scale according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the concentric circles instruction
Line number amount is three, and outermost concentric circles index line is located at the inside endpoint of subdivision graduation mark, the instruction of intermediate concentric circles
Line is located at the outer point of rough segmentation graduation mark, and innermost concentric circles index line is located at the position at nearly bottom edge midpoint.
8. arch of aorta Tangented position angle measuring scale according to claim 1, which is characterized in that adjacent subdivision graduation mark it
Between angle be 1 °.
9. arch of aorta Tangented position angle measuring scale according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the protractor and fixed
Position ruler is made of clear material.
10. a kind of arch of aorta Tangented position angle measurement method, which is characterized in that use any masters of claim 1-9
Arch of aorta Tangented position angle measuring scale measures, and specifically includes following steps：
A) arch of aorta Tangented position angle measuring scale is put in arch of aorta position, the bottom edge index line of protractor is enabled to connect
Connect the both sides endpoint of the arch of aorta, and plane where protractor is parallel with the plane where the arch of aorta, this moment protractor
Zero degree index line direction is that direction is shone in the throwing of C arms；
B) rotational positioning ruler makes the long axis index line of positioning ruler be in the longitudinal axis in human body cross section, this moment fixed
Angle between the long axis index line and the zero degree index line of protractor of position ruler is arch of aorta Tangented position angle.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810126068.2A CN108362192B (en) | 2018-02-08 | 2018-02-08 | Aortic arch tangent line position angle measuring scale and measuring method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810126068.2A CN108362192B (en) | 2018-02-08 | 2018-02-08 | Aortic arch tangent line position angle measuring scale and measuring method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108362192A true CN108362192A (en) | 2018-08-03 |
| CN108362192B CN108362192B (en) | 2020-11-24 |
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ID=63005082
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810126068.2A Active CN108362192B (en) | 2018-02-08 | 2018-02-08 | Aortic arch tangent line position angle measuring scale and measuring method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111643088A (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2020-09-11 | 刘帅 | Measuring scale for rapidly measuring soft and hard tissue characteristics of lateral skull tablet |
| CN112729040A (en) * | 2021-01-19 | 2021-04-30 | 余光明 | Angle ruler |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2559325Y (en) * | 2002-08-21 | 2003-07-09 | 利津县中心医院 | Medical skull angle measuring positioner |
| CN102908148A (en) * | 2012-10-17 | 2013-02-06 | 夏和桃 | Orthopedic measuring scale and application method thereof |
| CN204698556U (en) * | 2015-06-08 | 2015-10-14 | 奚少东 | Goniometry chi is used in a kind of cornu frontale ventriculi lateralis puncture |
| CN206556569U (en) * | 2017-03-21 | 2017-10-13 | 新疆医科大学第一附属医院 | Rule for medical measurement |
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2018
- 2018-02-08 CN CN201810126068.2A patent/CN108362192B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2559325Y (en) * | 2002-08-21 | 2003-07-09 | 利津县中心医院 | Medical skull angle measuring positioner |
| CN102908148A (en) * | 2012-10-17 | 2013-02-06 | 夏和桃 | Orthopedic measuring scale and application method thereof |
| CN204698556U (en) * | 2015-06-08 | 2015-10-14 | 奚少东 | Goniometry chi is used in a kind of cornu frontale ventriculi lateralis puncture |
| CN206556569U (en) * | 2017-03-21 | 2017-10-13 | 新疆医科大学第一附属医院 | Rule for medical measurement |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111643088A (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2020-09-11 | 刘帅 | Measuring scale for rapidly measuring soft and hard tissue characteristics of lateral skull tablet |
| CN112729040A (en) * | 2021-01-19 | 2021-04-30 | 余光明 | Angle ruler |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN108362192B (en) | 2020-11-24 |
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