CN108361042A - A kind of test method of simulation shallow embedding Shield Tunneling face passive failure - Google Patents
A kind of test method of simulation shallow embedding Shield Tunneling face passive failure Download PDFInfo
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- CN108361042A CN108361042A CN201810197394.2A CN201810197394A CN108361042A CN 108361042 A CN108361042 A CN 108361042A CN 201810197394 A CN201810197394 A CN 201810197394A CN 108361042 A CN108361042 A CN 108361042A
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- earth
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/003—Arrangement of measuring or indicating devices for use during driving of tunnels, e.g. for guiding machines
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of test methods of simulation shallow embedding Shield Tunneling face passive failure, after the completion of banketing in model casing, the initial reading of the displacement meter in front of Miniature water Monitoring on Earth Pressure element and the excavation face on the cutterhead of model shielding machine in the soil body, the displacement meter monitoring element in earth's surface is recorded.By hole of the model shielding machine on model casing, prepare to excavate.When model shielding machine is excavated to precalculated position, jacking motor, cutter motor and soil output motor are simultaneously closed off.Start excavation face passive failure experiment.Start cutter motor, open simultaneously jacking motor, do not open soil output motor, records the value of each monitoring element, including the Water And Earth Pressures value on cutterhead, the shift value in the soil body of excavation face front, the displacement of the earth's surface soil body in real time.It is then shut off cutter motor and jacking motor, surveys the numerical value of each monitoring element.With the process of true shield machine excavation face passive failure more closely, making model test result more science, accurate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Tunnel Engineering model test fields, and in particular to a kind of simulation shallow embedding Shield Tunneling face is passive
The test method of destruction.
Background technology
In recent years, with the quickening of China's urban construction process, ground space has tended to be saturated, and traffic jam issue is serious
Constrain expanding economy.To alleviate traffic above-ground pressure, metro construction is come into being.With the other methods pair such as drilling and blasting method
Than shield method is smaller with upper traffic impact over the ground；Mechanization degree is high, speed of application is fast；Bad climate is to shield construction
The advantages that small is influenced, is widely used in the construction of urban subway tunnel.
Due to the limitation of surface structures and ambient enviroment, the technology of shield is required higher and higher, wherein excavation face supporting
The reasonable selection of power is a key technology in shield-tunneling construction.Balancing earth-pressure shielding machine is to utilize the knife cutting soil body, the soil body
It flows into the subsequent soil pressure cabin of cutterhead, and makes in soil pressure cabin there is appropriate pressure to be balanced with excavation face Water And Earth Pressures, to reduce shield
Structure promotes the disturbance of layer soil body over the ground, when being unearthed by the outside casting of soil output of soil pressure cabin lower part.Soil output is leaned on
Rotating speed control is unearthed amount, to keep in soil pressure cabin being full of soil always and will not be excessively full.Shallow embedding shield tunnel is applied
In working hour, if fltting speed is too fast, the Water And Earth Pressures in soil pressure cabin gradually increase, on more than excavation face when Water And Earth Pressures,
Phenomena such as just will appear surface uplift.Therefore, research shallow embedding Shield Tunneling face passive failure relevant issues have reality
Meaning.
Currently, the research method about the face passive failure of shallow embedding Shield Tunneling mainly has：Theory analysis, model test
And numerical simulation.Compared to other two methods, model test can it is more true, comprehensively reflect Soil mass state, more
Intuitive observation earth's surface deformation.The country has the experiment that many simulation tunnel excavation faces are actively destroyed, but about shallow embedding shield
The model test of tunnel passive failure is fewer and fewer.Therefore, it is passive to be badly in need of a kind of simulation shallow embedding Shield Tunneling of offer face
The test method of destruction.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to the deficiencies of above-mentioned technology, it is proposed that passively break in a kind of simulation shallow embedding Shield Tunneling face
Bad test method realizes the research to the face passive failure of shallow embedding Shield Tunneling.By rotary head, open jacking electricity
Machine, the mode for closing soil output simulate the overall process of shallow embedding Shield Tunneling face passive failure, simultaneously, it is contemplated that shield
Influence of the structure digging process to excavation face stability.It can be used for simulating the shallow embedding shield in the stratum such as sand, clay, sandy gravel soils
The process of tunnel excavation face passive failure.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is：A kind of simulation shallow embedding Shield Tunneling face is passive
The test method of destruction realizes that the pilot system of the test method includes Miniature water Monitoring on Earth Pressure element (3), excavation face front
The displacement meter (5) on displacement meter (4) and earth's surface in the soil body；Miniature water Monitoring on Earth Pressure element (3) is arranged in model shielding machine
(1) on cutterhead (2).
Each Miniature water Monitoring on Earth Pressure element (3) is embedding by way of being punched on the cutterhead of model shielding machine (1) (2)
Enter the inside of the panel (6) on cutterhead (2), surface and cutterhead (2) panel (6) of each Miniature water Monitoring on Earth Pressure element (3)
It flushes.Miniature water Monitoring on Earth Pressure element (3) is mounted on the center of cutterhead (2) and the face apart from cutterhead (2) center of circle distant places 0.85R
On plate (6), R is to excavate radius.
Displacement meter (4) in front of excavation face in the soil body is used for monitoring displacement in the ground of inside soil body in front of excavation face.It excavates
The embedded lateral section of the displacement meter (4) in necromancer body is model shielding machine (1) excavation face front ± 0.25D, ± 0.75D in front
On the face of the positions 1.25D, longitudinal section is on model shielding machine (1) center line and two positions lateral extent 0.5D, 1D and 1.5D
Face on, height section be model shielding machine (1) shield shell on and the face of the top positions distance 0.5D and 1D on.
Displacement meter (5) in earth's surface, is laid in the surface on stratum.The position of displacement meter (5) in earth's surface is：Cross section is
The section of model shielding machine excavation face front ± 0.25D, 0.5D and 0.75D；Vertical section be model shielding machine central axes on and in
The section of axis both sides 0.5R and 1R.The purpose for laying the displacement meter (5) in earth's surface is to monitor the displacement of earth's surface.In order to more preferable
Earth's surface deformation is observed on ground, with smalt in earth's surface grid division.
This method includes the following steps：
After the completion of banketing in S1 model casings (7), a period of time is stood, is recorded on the cutterhead (2) of model shielding machine (1)
Displacement meter (4) in front of Miniature water Monitoring on Earth Pressure element (3) and excavation face in the soil body, the monitoring member of the displacement meter (5) in earth's surface
The initial reading of part.
Holes (8) of the S2 by model shielding machine (1) on model casing (7) prepares to excavate.The top of shield machine is opened simultaneously
Stepper motor (9), cutter motor (10) and soil output motor (11), model shielding machine (1) start to tunnel.
When S3 model shielding machines (1) are excavated to precalculated position, jacking motor (9), cutter motor (10) and spiral shell are simultaneously closed off
Screw out earthenware motor (11).It stands, when the reading of all monitoring elements is stable in allowable range within half an hour, at this time
Read the displacement of Water And Earth Pressures size on cutterhead, excavation face front land movement value, earth's surface.
S4 starts excavation face passive failure experiment.Start cutter motor (10), opens simultaneously jacking motor (9), do not open spiral shell
Earthenware motor (11) is screwed out, records the Water And Earth Pressures value in the value of each monitoring element, including cutterhead (2) in real time, before excavation face
Shift value in necromancer body, the displacement of the earth's surface soil body.
S5 after the test, closes cutter motor (10) and jacking motor (9), and each monitoring element is surveyed after standing a period of time
Numerical value.
Model shielding machine (1) can complete the driving and cutterhead (2) rotation, the unearthed basic training of soil output (13) of shield
Energy.The rotation of the rotation and soil output (13) of the driving, cutterhead (2) of model shielding machine (1), passes through jacking motor (9), knife
Coil motor (10) and soil output motor (11) control respectively, and being capable of independent operating.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are shown：
(1) present invention the rotation of the cutterhead of model shielding machine, tunnel forward, do not allow soil output to be unearthed by way of mould
The process of the passive failure in quasi- shallow embedding Shield Tunneling face, more connects with the process of true shield machine excavation face passive failure
Closely, make model test result more science, accurate.
(2) it nuzzles in advance in the soil body compared to the simple retaining-plate of traditional experiment, then pushes soil body excavation simulation face forward
The mode of passive failure, the present invention consider the digging process of model shielding machine early period, with true shallow embedding Shield Tunneling face
Passive failure is influenced to be consistent by tunneling process early period.
Description of the drawings
The artwork of sensor on Fig. 1 cutterheads.
Displacement meter artwork in the soil body in front of Fig. 2 excavation faces.(a) plan view, (b) I-I cross-section diagrams, (c) II-II sections
Figure.
Fig. 3 surface displacement meter artworks.
Model shielding machine in Fig. 4 examples and model casing schematic diagram.
The flow chart of Fig. 5 shallow embedding Shield Tunneling face passive failure test procedures.
In figure：1, model shielding machine；2, cutterhead；3, Miniature water Monitoring on Earth Pressure element；4, in front of excavation face in the soil body
Displacement meter；5, the displacement meter in earth's surface；6, panel；7, model casing；8, hole；9, jacking motor；10, cutter motor；11, spiral
Go out earthenware motor.
Specific implementation mode
In order to which the present invention is well understood, the present invention is further retouched below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments
It states, but should not be limited the scope of the invention with this.
As shown in figure 4, the model shielding machine (1) in example, with the element that true shield machine has, cutterhead
(2), soil pressure cabin (12) and soil output (13).The length of a diameter of 280mm of cutter head of shield machine, shield machine are 2120mm.
Model shielding machine (1) can complete the driving of shield and the true shields such as cutterhead (2) rotates, soil output (13) is unearthed
The basic function that structure machine has.The rotation of the rotation and soil output (13) of the driving, cutterhead (2) of model shielding machine (1) is led to
It crosses jacking motor (9), cutter motor (10) and soil output motor (11) to control respectively, and can be with independent operating.
Model casing (7) as shown in Figure 4, size are：Excavate the wide 1m in direction, long 2m, high 1.05m.Front and back babinet has a diameter
For the circular hole of 30cm, as the entrance of model shielding machine (1) driving, babinet is welded by the steel plate of 10mm thickness, can meet mould
The rigidity requirement of type experiment.
A kind of test method of simulation shallow embedding Shield Tunneling face passive failure, composition include：Monitoring scheme and examination
Test step.
Monitoring scheme includes：Miniature water Monitoring on Earth Pressure element on the cutterhead (2) of model shielding machine (1), before excavation face
Grating scale displacement meter (4) in necromancer body, the displacement meter (5) in earth's surface are LVDT high precision displacement meters.
As shown in Figure 1, Miniature water Monitoring on Earth Pressure element (3) size is smaller, respectively diameter 10mm and 8mm.Cutterhead
A diameter of 280mm, Miniature water Monitoring on Earth Pressure element (3) are mounted on cutterhead (2) center of circle and the cutterhead (2) apart from center of circle 238mm
On panel (6).Miniature water Monitoring on Earth Pressure element (3) on the cutterhead (2) of model shielding machine (1) is by model shielding machine
(1) mode punched on cutterhead (2) is embedded in the inside of the panel (6) on cutterhead (2), the face on their surface and cutterhead (2)
Plate (6) flushes, and Miniature water Monitoring on Earth Pressure element (3) is put into hole, will not be dropped out.
As shown in Fig. 2, plan view, I-I sectional view and II-II of the grating scale displacement meter of inside soil body cut open in front of excavation face
Face figure.The embedded lateral section of inside soil body grating scale displacement meter (4) is in front of model shielding machine (1) excavation face in front of excavation face
± 70mm, the positions ± 210mm and 350mm face on, longitudinal section be model shielding machine (1) center line on and two lateral extents
On the face of the position 140mm, 280mm and 420mm, height section be model shielding machine (1) shield shell on and top distance 140mm and
On the face of the positions 280mm.The purpose for laying grating scale displacement meter (4) is the excavation face front soil body during monitoring passive failure
Vertical displacement.
As shown in figure 3, the installation position figure of the LVDT displacement meters of earth's surface.The LVDT displacement meters position of earth's surface is：Cross section
For the section of model shielding machine excavation face front ± 70mm, 140mm and 210mm；Vertical section be model shielding machine central axes on and
The section of central axes both sides 140mm and 280mm.The purpose for laying LVDT high precision displacement meters is to monitor the displacement of earth's surface.For
Preferably observation earth's surface deformation can use smalt in earth's surface grid division.
As shown in figure 5, a kind of experiment process figure of simulation shallow embedding Shield Tunneling face passive failure, in conjunction with specific reality
Example, test procedure are as follows：
1. after the completion of banketing in model casing (7), standing for 24 hours, recording miniature on the cutterhead (2) of model shielding machine (1)
Water And Earth Pressures monitoring element (3), the grating scale displacement meter (4) in front of excavation face in the soil body, the LVDT high precision displacements in earth's surface
The initial reading of the sensors such as meter.
2. model shielding machine (1) is abutted model casing (7) hole (8), prepare to excavate.The cutterhead electricity of shield machine is opened simultaneously
Machine (10), soil output motor (11) and jacking motor (9), model shielding machine (1) start digging excavation.Cutter motor (10)
Rotating speed be 4r/min, the rotating speed of soil output motor (11) is 6r/min, and the forward speed of jacking motor (9) is 10mm/
min。
3. when after model shielding machine (1) excavation 1h to 30cm, jacking motor (9), cutter motor (10) and spiral shell are simultaneously closed off
Screw out earthenware motor (11).2 hours are stood, when the reading of each monitoring element is stable in allowable range within half an hour,
The monitoring data such as the Water And Earth Pressures value on cutterhead (2), the shift value in front of excavation face, surface displacement amount are read at this time.
4. starting excavation face passive failure experiment.Start cutter motor (10) to dally with the speed of 3r/min, open simultaneously
Jacking motor (9) is tunneled with the speed of 1mm/min, does not open soil output motor (11)；Each monitoring element is recorded in real time
Value, including the Water And Earth Pressures value on cutterhead (2), the displacement of the shift value and the earth's surface soil body of the excavation face front soil body.
5. after the test, closing cutter motor (10) and jacking motor (9), the numerical value that 1h surveys each monitoring element is stood.
The example of the present invention is illustrated above, but the present invention is not limited thereto, it can also be without departing from this hair
It is suitably changed in the range of bright main points.
Embodiment and effect：
Examples detailed above of the present invention, by installing miniature earth pressure gauge and miniature osmometer, excavation on model shielding machine cutterhead
The method that the pre-buried grating scale displacement meter in side, earth's surface bury LVDT displacement meters in front completes a kind of simulation shallow embedding shield tunnel and opens
The monitoring scheme of the test method of digging face passive failure；By the rotation of model shielding machine cutterhead, model shielding machine driving, do not allow spiral shell
The unearthed test method of earthenware is screwed out, the process of true shield tunneling face passive failure is simulated.It is hereby achieved that model shield
Damage of soil body region and surface uplift range in front of limit support power, excavation face in machine excavation face.The present invention can be used for simulating
Have under water and anhydrous condition, the process of shallow embedding Shield Tunneling face passive failure in the stratum such as sand, clay, sand pebble soil.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of test method of simulation shallow embedding Shield Tunneling face passive failure, realizes the pilot system packet of the test method
Miniature water Monitoring on Earth Pressure element (3) is included, the displacement meter (5) on displacement meter (4) and earth's surface in the soil body of excavation face front；It is miniature
Water And Earth Pressures monitoring element (3) is arranged on the cutterhead (2) of model shielding machine (1)；
Each Miniature water Monitoring on Earth Pressure element (3) is embedded in knife by way of being punched on the cutterhead of model shielding machine (1) (2)
The surface of the inside of panel (6) on disk (2), each Miniature water Monitoring on Earth Pressure element (3) is flushed with cutterhead (2) panel (6)；
Miniature water Monitoring on Earth Pressure element (3) is mounted on the center of cutterhead (2) and the panel (6) apart from cutterhead (2) center of circle distant places 0.85R
On, R is to excavate radius；
Displacement meter (4) in front of excavation face in the soil body is used for monitoring displacement in the ground of inside soil body in front of excavation face；Before excavation face
The embedded lateral section of displacement meter (4) in necromancer body be model shielding machine (1) excavation face front ± 0.25D, ± 0.75D with
On the face of the positions 1.25D, longitudinal section is on model shielding machine (1) center line and two positions lateral extent 0.5D, 1D and 1.5D
On face, height section is on model shielding machine (1) shield shell and on the face of the top positions distance 0.5D and 1D, and D is digging diameter；
Displacement meter (5) in earth's surface, is laid in the surface on stratum；The position of displacement meter (5) in earth's surface is：Cross section is model
The section of shield machine excavation face front ± 0.25D, 0.5D and 0.75D；Vertical section is on model shielding machine central axes and central axes
The section of both sides 0.5R and 1R；The purpose for laying the displacement meter (5) in earth's surface is to monitor the displacement of earth's surface；In order to preferably see
Earth's surface deformation is examined, with smalt in earth's surface grid division；
It is characterized in that：This method includes the following steps：
After the completion of banketing in S1 model casings (7), a period of time is stood, is recorded miniature on the cutterhead (2) of model shielding machine (1)
Displacement meter (4) in front of Water And Earth Pressures monitoring element (3) and excavation face in the soil body, displacement meter (5) monitoring element in earth's surface
Initial reading；
Holes (8) of the S2 by model shielding machine (1) on model casing (7) prepares to excavate；The jacking electricity of shield machine is opened simultaneously
Machine (9), cutter motor (10) and soil output motor (11), model shielding machine (1) start to tunnel；
When S3 model shielding machines (1) are excavated to precalculated position, simultaneously closes off jacking motor (9), cutter motor (10) and spiral and go out
Earthenware motor (11)；It stands, when the reading of all monitoring elements is stable in allowable range within half an hour, reads at this time
The displacement of Water And Earth Pressures size, excavation face front land movement value, earth's surface on cutterhead；
S4 starts excavation face passive failure experiment；Start cutter motor (10), opens simultaneously jacking motor (9), do not open spiral and go out
Earthenware motor (11) records the Water And Earth Pressures value in the value of each monitoring element, including cutterhead (2), excavation face front soil in real time
Shift value in body, the displacement of the earth's surface soil body；
S5 after the test, closes cutter motor (10) and jacking motor (9), and the number of each monitoring element is surveyed after standing a period of time
Value.
2. a kind of test method of simulation shallow embedding Shield Tunneling face passive failure according to claim 1, feature
It is：Model shielding machine (1) can complete the driving and cutterhead (2) rotation, the unearthed basic function of soil output (13) of shield；Mould
The rotation of the rotation and soil output (13) of the driving, cutterhead (2) of type shield machine (1) passes through jacking motor (9), cutterhead electricity
Machine (10) and soil output motor (11) control respectively, and being capable of independent operating.
3. a kind of test method of simulation shallow embedding Shield Tunneling face passive failure according to claim 1, feature
It is：Pass through the rotation of model shielding machine cutterhead, model shielding machine driving, the test method for not allowing soil output to be unearthed, simulation
The process of true shield tunneling face passive failure；It can obtain limit support power in model shielding machine excavation face, before excavation face
Necromancer body destroyed area and surface uplift range；Can be used for simulating has under water and anhydrous condition, sand, clay, sandy gravel soil
The process of shallow embedding Shield Tunneling face passive failure in layer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810197394.2A CN108361042B (en) | 2018-03-11 | 2018-03-11 | A kind of test method for simulating the face passive failure of shallow embedding Shield Tunneling |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810197394.2A CN108361042B (en) | 2018-03-11 | 2018-03-11 | A kind of test method for simulating the face passive failure of shallow embedding Shield Tunneling |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108361042A true CN108361042A (en) | 2018-08-03 |
| CN108361042B CN108361042B (en) | 2019-10-29 |
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ID=63003874
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810197394.2A Expired - Fee Related CN108361042B (en) | 2018-03-11 | 2018-03-11 | A kind of test method for simulating the face passive failure of shallow embedding Shield Tunneling |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109141949A (en) * | 2018-08-08 | 2019-01-04 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of experimental rig of simulation shield machine driving |
| CN113188995A (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2021-07-30 | 同济大学 | Shield cutter head rotation and earth surface vibration effect excavation surface stability model test device |
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| JPH0688479A (en) * | 1992-09-09 | 1994-03-29 | Fujita Corp | Automatic control device for drilling speed of shield machine |
| CN1619280A (en) * | 2004-12-09 | 2005-05-25 | 上海隧道工程股份有限公司 | Large shield tunnelling analogue test platform |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN108361042B (en) | 2019-10-29 |
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