CN108347063B - Ship photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system based on super capacitor energy storage - Google Patents
Ship photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system based on super capacitor energy storage Download PDFInfo
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- UKACHOXRXFQJFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F UKACHOXRXFQJFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/24—Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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Abstract
The invention provides a ship photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system based on super-capacitor energy storage.A smoothing power controller controls a power switch of an IGBT (insulated gate bipolar translator) in a bidirectional DC/DC rectifier corresponding to a first super-capacitor through a constant voltage closed-loop control strategy containing a power feedforward component by acquiring the voltage of a direct-current bus according to the direct ratio of photovoltaic output power and terminal voltage, so that the first super-capacitor group compensates photovoltaic high-frequency fluctuation and the aim of smoothing a photovoltaic output power curve is fulfilled; when the instantaneous sudden change amount of the output power of the DC/AC inverter exceeds a set value, the sudden change compensation controller controls the bidirectional DC/DC rectifier corresponding to the second super capacitor bank by adopting a constant power control strategy, so that the second super capacitor bank is compensated by constant power, the reference power value of the constant power control strategy is increased or reduced by setting a step amount, the instantaneous large sudden change amount of the photovoltaic grid-connected power is converted into a plurality of step type small sudden change amounts, and the impact on a ship power grid is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ship solar energy application, and particularly relates to a ship photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system based on super capacitor energy storage.
Background
With the increasing severity of the problem of marine environmental pollution, more and more ships begin to adopt photovoltaic power generation devices as alternative power sources of diesel generator sets, and the fuel consumption of the diesel generator is reduced. However, due to the intermittency of the photovoltaic power generation system, the output power of the photovoltaic power generation system is greatly influenced by environmental factors, the characteristics of frequent output power fluctuation and high-power sudden change are presented, and a large current impact risk is brought to a ship power grid. In practical application, a large-capacity energy storage system is often matched and combined with a reasonable control strategy to compensate high-frequency fluctuation and high-power sudden change of the photovoltaic, and the large-capacity energy storage system stores energy for a storage battery or a flywheel.
At present, a ship photovoltaic power generation system compensates high-frequency fluctuation and high-power sudden change of photovoltaic by matching a high-capacity storage battery energy storage system, but because the response speed of a storage battery is relatively slow, a photovoltaic constant-power grid-connected control strategy is mostly adopted, and then the requirement on the matching capacity of the storage battery is very huge. For example, in 2016, a 143kW on-grid/off-grid hybrid power supply system for integrating photovoltaic on a 'middle and far flying' wheel automobile roll-on-roll-off ship is matched with an 652.8kWh lithium battery energy storage system, the total weight of the system reaches 6 tons, and at least 30m is required for ventilation2The mounting area of (a). Moreover, the high capacity battery energy storage system is very costly to maintain safely, has a high failure rate, and must be matched with an independent heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing system. Therefore, the situation that the storage battery energy storage system accounts for more than 34% of the total cost of the new energy power generation device integrated in the ship power system is caused, and the application prospect of the new energy on the ship is severely restricted.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the ship photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system based on super-capacitor energy storage can provide a better solution for reducing the impact of the intermittency of the photovoltaic power generation system on a ship power grid.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the utility model provides a boats and ships photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system based on super capacitor energy storage, includes photovoltaic cell board, photovoltaic DC rectifier and energy storage system, and photovoltaic cell board inserts direct current bus through photovoltaic DC rectifier, and energy storage system inserts direct current bus through two-way DC rectifier, its characterized in that: the power generation system also comprises a smooth power controller, a sudden change compensation controller, a DC/AC inverter, a voltage sensor and a current sensor; the energy storage system comprises 2 groups of super capacitors; the direct current bus is merged into a ship power station bus through a DC/AC inverter;
the smooth power controller is used for controlling a power switch of an IGBT (insulated gate bipolar translator) in a bidirectional DC/DC rectifier corresponding to the first super capacitor through a constant voltage closed-loop control strategy containing a power feedforward component by acquiring the voltage of a direct current bus according to the direct proportion relation between the photovoltaic output power and the voltage of a photovoltaic output end, so that the first super capacitor group compensates the photovoltaic high-frequency fluctuation, and the purpose of smoothing the photovoltaic output power curve is achieved;
the sudden change compensation controller and the second super capacitor bank are in a standby state under a normal working condition;
the sudden change compensation controller is used for controlling the bidirectional DC/DC rectifier corresponding to the second super capacitor bank by adopting a constant power control strategy when the instantaneous sudden change of the output power of the DC/AC inverter exceeds a set value, so that the second super capacitor bank is compensated with constant power, and the reference power value of the constant power control strategy is increased or reduced in a set step manner, so that the instantaneous large sudden change of the photovoltaic grid-connected power is converted into a plurality of step-type small sudden changes, and the impact on a ship power grid is reduced.
According to the scheme, the SOC of the second super capacitor bank is 50% of capacitance.
According to the scheme, the capacity of the first super capacitor bank is compensated according to the maximum photovoltaic high-frequency sudden change compensation quantity EscAnd the duration of the mutation, t, is calculated by the formula:
wherein P is0、P1Respectively obtaining the output power before photovoltaic mutation and the output power after photovoltaic mutation, wherein t is the mutation duration; and the capacity of the second super capacitor bank is obtained by calculation according to the set step mutation quantity and the installed capacity of the whole photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system.
According to the scheme, the DC/AC inverter adopts a double-loop control strategy, wherein the double-loop control strategy is a control strategy of outer loop voltage control and inner loop current control.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: and 2 groups of super capacitor groups with different functions are adopted to compensate the high-frequency fluctuation and high-power sudden change of the photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system under the action of the smooth power controller and the sudden change compensation controller respectively, so that the current impact on a ship power grid is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a system block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a control strategy of a smoothing power controller.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a control strategy of the abrupt change compensation controller.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples and figures.
The invention provides a ship photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system based on super-capacitor energy storage, which comprises a photovoltaic cell panel, a photovoltaic DC/DC rectifier and an energy storage system, wherein the photovoltaic cell panel is connected into a direct current Bus through the photovoltaic DC/DC rectifier, the energy storage system is connected into a direct current Bus2 through a bidirectional DC/DC rectifier, and the power generation system also comprises a smooth power controller, a sudden change compensation controller, a DC/AC inverter, a voltage sensor and a current sensor; the energy storage system comprises 2 groups of super capacitors; the direct current Bus is merged into a Bus3 of the marine power station through a DC/AC inverter; bus1 is the screen that parallels of boats and ships diesel generating set, and Bus4 is external boats and ships electrical load for the load screen, connects through the interconnection switch between Bus1, Bus4 and Bus 3.
As shown in fig. 2, the smoothing power controller is used for outputting power P according to photovoltaic powerPVAnd the voltage V of the photovoltaic output endOProportional relation P (equivalent to DC bus voltage)PV＝αVOAnd alpha is a slope factor (measured by experiments), and the power switch of an IGBT in the bidirectional DC/DC rectifier corresponding to the first super capacitor is controlled by collecting the voltage of the direct-current Bus2 and a constant-voltage closed-loop control strategy containing a power feedforward component, so that the first super capacitor group compensates the photovoltaic high-frequency fluctuation, and the purpose of smoothing the photovoltaic output power curve is achieved. In particular, a smoothing power controllerAnd voltage signals of the direct current Bus2 are subjected to constant voltage control strategy to generate control current, the control current is added with feedforward current in power feedforward control and output alternating current of the first super capacitor bank, the added current signals are subjected to PWM link to generate IGBT switching signals to act on a bidirectional DC/DC rectifier of the first super capacitor bank, and high-frequency fluctuation compensation of the first super capacitor bank on the photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system is realized. (the constant voltage control strategy is essentially a DC/DC control strategy of making an outer loop current inner loop by voltage control, and the constant voltage control strategy is already applied to a super capacitor/fan hybrid power system, such as the modeling and control [ J ] of a wind power plant power regulation system based on super capacitor energy storage]Electric power system automation 2009,33(9):86-89.)
The sudden change compensation controller and the second super capacitor bank are in a standby state under a normal working condition.
As shown in fig. 3, the abrupt change compensation controller is configured to control the bidirectional DC/DC rectifier corresponding to the second super capacitor bank by using a constant power control strategy when an instantaneous abrupt change amount of the output power of the DC/AC inverter exceeds a set value, so that the second super capacitor bank is compensated with a constant power, and a reference power value of the constant power control strategy is increased or decreased in a set step manner, so as to convert an instantaneous large abrupt change amount of the photovoltaic grid-connected power into a plurality of step-like small abrupt change amounts, and reduce an impact on a ship power grid. Specifically, the sudden change compensation controller collects the output power of the DC/AC inverter, the instantaneous power fluctuation value is obtained through the delayer and the comparator, if the instantaneous power fluctuation value is larger than the set step power, a step function is started, the reference power is calculated, an IGBT switching signal is generated through a constant power control strategy and PWM and acts on a bidirectional DC/DC rectifier of the second super capacitor bank, and the second super capacitor bank converts the high-power instantaneous power fluctuation value into a low-power step fluctuation value; and if the instantaneous fluctuation value is not greater than the set step power, the second super capacitor bank is continuously in a standby state. (the constant power control strategy is essentially a DC/DC control strategy with a power loop as an outer loop and a current loop as an inner loop, and belongs to an industry technology mature algorithm, and a specific mathematical model thereof can refer to the paper Yanchao Qiu, Chengqiing Yuan, Yuwei Sun. review on the application and research progress of photovoltaics-shift power system, the 3rd International Conference on transfer Information and safety 2015.)
The second super capacitor bank should maintain the capacitance with the SOC of 50% when in the standby state.
During design, the capacity of the first super capacitor bank is compensated according to the maximum photovoltaic high-frequency sudden change compensation quantity EscAnd the duration of the mutation, t, is calculated by the formula:
wherein P is0、P1Respectively obtaining photovoltaic output power before mutation and photovoltaic output power after mutation, wherein t is mutation duration; and the capacity of the second super capacitor bank is obtained by calculation according to the set step mutation quantity and the installed capacity of the whole photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system.
The DC/AC inverter adopts a double-loop control strategy, wherein the double-loop control strategy is a control strategy of outer loop voltage control and inner loop current control.
The invention adopts the super capacitor to replace a storage battery as a power compensation element of the system, and 2 groups of super capacitors respectively compensate the high-frequency fluctuation and high-power sudden change of the photovoltaic system under the action of the smooth power controller and the sudden change compensation controller, thereby reducing the impact of the intermittence of the photovoltaic power generation system on a ship power grid, effectively reducing the construction cost and improving the safety, reliability and economy of the whole system. The invention improves the safety and reliability of the whole system, provides a safe and reliable mode for the application of new energy on the ship, and is beneficial to the vigorous implementation of the energy-saving and emission-reducing work of the ship.
The above embodiments are only used for illustrating the design idea and features of the present invention, and the purpose of the present invention is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement the present invention accordingly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Therefore, all equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the principles and concepts disclosed herein are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a boats and ships photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system based on super capacitor energy storage, includes photovoltaic cell board, photovoltaic DC/DC rectifier and energy storage system, and photovoltaic cell board inserts direct current bus through photovoltaic DC/DC rectifier, its characterized in that: the energy storage system is connected with the direct current bus through the bidirectional DC/DC rectifier, and the power generation system further comprises a smooth power controller, a sudden change compensation controller, a DC/AC inverter, a voltage sensor and a current sensor; the energy storage system comprises 2 groups of super capacitors; the direct current bus is merged into a ship power station bus through a DC/AC inverter;
the smooth power controller is used for controlling a power switch of an IGBT (insulated gate bipolar translator) in a bidirectional DC/DC rectifier corresponding to the first super capacitor group through a constant voltage closed-loop control strategy containing a power feedforward component by acquiring the voltage of a direct current bus according to the direct proportion relation between the photovoltaic output power and the voltage of a photovoltaic output end, so that the first super capacitor group compensates the photovoltaic high-frequency fluctuation, and the purpose of smoothing the photovoltaic output power curve is achieved;
the sudden change compensation controller and the second super capacitor bank are in a standby state under a normal working condition;
the sudden change compensation controller is used for controlling the bidirectional DC/DC rectifier corresponding to the second super capacitor bank by adopting a constant power control strategy when the instantaneous sudden change of the output power of the DC/AC inverter exceeds a set value, so that the second super capacitor bank is compensated with constant power, and the reference power value of the constant power control strategy is increased or reduced in a set step manner, so that the instantaneous large sudden change of the photovoltaic grid-connected power is converted into a plurality of step-type small sudden changes, and the impact on a ship power grid is reduced.
2. The supercapacitor energy storage based ship grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 1, wherein: the second super capacitor bank SOC is 50% of capacitance.
3. The supercapacitor energy storage based ship grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 1, wherein: the first super powerThe capacity of the capacitor bank is compensated according to the maximum high-frequency sudden change compensation quantity E of the photovoltaicscAnd the duration of the mutation, t, is calculated by the formula:
wherein P is0、P1Respectively obtaining the output power before photovoltaic mutation and the output power after photovoltaic mutation, wherein t is the mutation duration; and the capacity of the second super capacitor bank is obtained by calculation according to the set step mutation quantity and the installed capacity of the whole photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system.
4. The supercapacitor energy storage based ship grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 1, wherein: the DC/AC inverter adopts a double-loop control strategy, wherein the double-loop control strategy is a control strategy of outer loop voltage control and inner loop current control.
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| CN110137999B (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2023-03-28 | 国网江西省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Direct-current power coordination control method and system with participation of receiving-end wind power plant |
| CN110380439B (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2022-11-29 | 武汉理工大学 | Marine photovoltaic grid-connected energy management device based on super capacitor energy storage |
| CN110768355B (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2024-01-30 | 中船动力有限公司 | DC networking wind-solar-diesel-storage land power station system and working method thereof |
| CN112688353B (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2021-06-08 | 澄瑞电力科技（上海）有限公司 | High-power direct current charging system |
| CN114094624B (en) * | 2021-11-17 | 2023-01-17 | 天津大学 | Low-voltage ride through coordination control method for wave power generation system |
| CN114243732A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-03-25 | 中国船舶工业集团公司第七0八研究所 | Boats and ships main power grid electric energy quality control system based on ultracapacitor system |
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