CN108344744A - A kind of cold formed steel structure laser geometric defect detection equipment and method - Google Patents
A kind of cold formed steel structure laser geometric defect detection equipment and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108344744A CN108344744A CN201810114740.6A CN201810114740A CN108344744A CN 108344744 A CN108344744 A CN 108344744A CN 201810114740 A CN201810114740 A CN 201810114740A CN 108344744 A CN108344744 A CN 108344744A
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- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of cold formed steel structure laser geometric defect detection equipment and method, including laser scanner, rotating platform, triangular support bracket and linear motion platform, laser scanner is mounted on rotating platform, rotating platform is fixed on triangular support bracket, and triangular support bracket is slidably connected with linear motion platform.Design is scientific and reasonable for cold formed steel structure laser geometric defect detection equipment provided by the invention and method, can accurately detect and reconstruct the three-dimensional geometry defect in cold-bending profile steel component.Full dimension non-contact detection is carried out to cold-bending profile steel component, there is high efficiency, quality control can be carried out in engineering construction.Three-dimensionalreconstruction is carried out to light gauge cold-formed steel shape component geometrical defect, can intuitive accurate display defect size, and Finite Element Analysis Modeling can be used for.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to steel construction detection technique fields, are specifically described a kind of cold formed steel structure laser geometric defect
Detection device and method.
Background technology
Light gauge cold-formed steel shape component is easy to generate geometrical defect in Cold Roll Forming Process, and then causes clod wash in construction thin
Wall-shaped steel construction generates geometrical deviation, but lightweight steel design generally uses ideal geometric dimension, this is not phase with actual conditions
Symbol, structure security risk will be brought.
Must there are safe and reliable evaluation, but lightweight steel design one in structure design to the intensity requirement of structure and component
As using ideal geometric dimension, that is, think that each component is straight and complies fully with production size.This traditional design is
It is proved to be mistake, structure engineering design attempts to handle this realistic problem using a variety of design approach, and attempts to measure
Practical structures or component assume the extent of deviation of shape with its original.Cold-rolled forming section structure is by steel plate assembly, and Components Shape is by putting down
Plate clod wash processes to be formed.Cold-rolled forming section structure (including overall structure, wall, roof system or magazine etc.) after carrying,
Steel plate cold bending of the component by thickness less than 2mm forms, and easily generates geometrical defect, and traditional design method, which has no, considers the factor
It influences.Detailed to component geometrical defect in accurately understanding, then can not judge component or structure real work situation and original
The deviation of design, therefore structure design must take into consideration the influence of geometrical defect.
At present to the detection of cold-bending profile steel component geometrical defect usually just for sparse several points, using ruler, amesdial,
Pincers or the once in a while simple straight line measurement of the carry out such as theodolite are to collect data.For example measure test specimen using single-point laser detection
Axial flaw, and specified defect (integrally bending and distortion) is detected using the linear motion platform equipped with sensor.
However traditional defects detection method can not effectively collect complete cross section information using single-contact detection, for example, cross section
Wedge angle, conventional method is difficult to judge its type.In addition, current single-contact or non-contact method take very much, cause
Existing defective data collection is relatively fewer, the influence evaluation which prevent the probability assessment of defect and its to component strength.It is high
The defects detection method of precision do not require nothing more than can catch grab complete geometrical defect information must also high efficiency, so as to can be in engineering construction
Middle carry out quality control.In view of above-mentioned factor, mainly have to the developing direction of the full dimension non-contact detection of cold-bending profile steel component
Take the photograph mutually detection and laser detection.It takes the photograph and mutually detects more flexibly, but precision aspect is difficult to ensure.Therefore the present invention uses laser geometric
Defects detection, key are the operation and control of laser geometric defect detecting device, and finally obtain data and reconstruct geometry mould
Type.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of detection that can be efficiently and accurately and reconstruct the three-dimensional in cold-bending profile steel component
Geometrical defect, and further detect the cold formed steel structure laser geometric defect detection equipment of other relevant defects.
In order to overcome the above-mentioned defect present invention in the prior art to adopt the following technical scheme that：
A kind of cold formed steel structure laser geometric defect detection equipment, including laser scanner, rotating platform, triangle
Supporting rack and linear motion platform, the laser scanner are mounted on rotating platform, and rotating platform is fixed on triangular support bracket
On, triangular support bracket is slidably connected with linear motion platform.
Further, the laser scanner is a two-dimensional linear laser sensor, and often degree can generate at 800 points, covering
Width is up to 240mm, and two-dimensional linear laser scanner is mounted on rotating platform.
Further, the two-dimensional linear laser sensor completes displacement using triangulation using light source and detector
It measures comprising a blue semiconductor laser light resource and a cmos detector.
Further, the rotating platform includes rotating ring, synchrome conveying belt and stepper motor, synchrome conveying belt and stepping
Motor is attached on rotating ring.
Further, the rotating ring has double guide rails, and spur gear is equipped on the axis of stepper motor, and spur gear clamps same
Walk conveyer belt.
Further, double guide rails are V-way, and V-way grasps the ball bearing on tight rotating ring, ball bearing
On triangular support bracket.
Further, the linear motion platform is made of kinematic system and linear steering system, and motion both ends are each
If there are two encoder and axis coupler, centre is equipped with sprocket wheel, in an encoder insertion motor, axis coupler respectively with coding
Device connects, and encoder is connect with laser scanner, and sprocket wheel is connect by chain with triangular support bracket；Linear steering system is equipped with two
Guide rail, four ball bearings of supporting rack are connect with two guide rails.
A kind of cold formed steel structure laser geometric defect inspection method,
Include the following steps：
Step 1：Inspected object is placed, laser scanner is ready, and data collecting system is connected to PC and constitutes
The center of whole system control；
Step 2：Data collecting system connects stepper motor driver and DC motor driver, sends pulse letter respectively
Number and analog control signal；Pulse signal is converted into step motor control signal by controllor for step-by-step motor, Driving Stepping Motor,
Rotating ring is set to rotate to position needed for laser scanner；
Step 3：Analog control signal is converted to high-power signal and drives direct current generator, direct current by DC motor driver
The rotating speed of motor changes with the variation of signal.The axial position for the laser sensor that the rotation angle of direct current generator can indicate,
Data collecting system and laser sensor controller are fed back to by encoder 1# and encoder 2# respectively；
Step 4：Real-time control of the signal of encoder 1# for linear motion, encoder 2# is for controlling laser sensing
Device measures, and the pulse of encoder 2# can open and close laser sensor, when a pulse is detected, by triggering laser and is trying
Part surface projection laser rays is re-reflected into laser header detector, and by laser by laser line projection to cross section to be measured
Controller acquires and is sent to computer；
Step 5：It is from the distance between laser measurement adjacent sections as encoder triggers the check and correction of laser scanning
Know, therefore the axial position of arbitrary point on inspected object can be calculated.
Further, the laser scanner uses triangulation, and displacement measurement is completed using light source and detector.
Further, in the step 1, since cold-rolled forming section has high reflector, it is necessary to extra process spurious reflections
To reach certain precision level, therefore Embedded Double polarization program is used to eliminate spurious reflections, and scanning circumstance keeps dark, disappears
Except the influence of ambient light.
Design is scientific and reasonable for cold formed steel structure laser geometric defect detection equipment provided by the invention and method, tool
It has the following effects：
1, it can accurately detect and reconstruct the three-dimensional geometry defect in cold-bending profile steel component.
2, full dimension non-contact detection is carried out to cold-bending profile steel component, there is high efficiency, it can be in engineering construction
Carry out quality control.
3, three-dimensionalreconstruction is carried out to light gauge cold-formed steel shape component geometrical defect, it can intuitively accurate display defect size, and energy
For Finite Element Analysis Modeling.
Description of the drawings
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention without having to pay creative labor, may be used also for those of ordinary skill in the art
With obtain other attached drawings according to these attached drawings：
Fig. 1 is a kind of cold formed steel structure laser geometric defect detection equipment embodiment schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the laser scanning operating diagram of cold formed steel structure laser geometric defect detection equipment；
Fig. 3 is the linear motion platform schematic diagram of cold formed steel structure laser geometric defect detection equipment；
Fig. 4 is the rotating platform schematic diagram of cold formed steel structure laser geometric defect detection equipment；
Fig. 5 is the rotating platform A-A schematic diagrames of cold formed steel structure laser geometric defect detection equipment；
Fig. 6 is the operation principle schematic diagram of cold formed steel structure laser geometric defect detection equipment；
Fig. 7 a are that the work of cold formed steel structure laser geometric defect detection equipment rotates 0 ° of scanning figure；
Fig. 7 b are that the work of cold formed steel structure laser geometric defect detection equipment rotates -80 ° of scanning figure；
Fig. 7 c are that the work of cold formed steel structure laser geometric defect detection equipment rotates 100 ° of scanning figure；
Fig. 8 is that the 3D of cold formed steel structure laser geometric defect detection equipment scans reconstruction model.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with attached drawing and specific embodiment, the present invention will be described in detail, herein with the schematic implementation of the present invention
Example and explanation are used for explaining the present invention, but not as a limitation of the invention.
As shown in Figures 1 to 6, the invention patent provides a kind of cold formed steel structure laser geometric defects detection and sets
It is standby, including laser scanner 1, rotating platform 2, triangular support bracket 3 and linear motion platform 4, laser scanner 1, which is mounted on, to be rotated
On platform 2, rotating platform 2 is fixed on triangular support bracket 3, and triangular support bracket 3 is slidably connected with linear motion platform 4.
Laser scanner 1 is a two-dimensional linear laser sensor, and often degree can generate at 800 points, and cover width is up to
240mm, two-dimensional linear laser scanner are mounted on rotating platform.Two-dimensional linear laser sensor is utilized using triangulation
Light source and detector complete displacement measurement, and two-dimensional linear laser sensor includes a blue semiconductor laser light resource and one
Cmos detector.
Rotating platform 2 includes rotating ring 21, synchrome conveying belt 22 and stepper motor 23, synchrome conveying belt 22 and stepper motor
23 are attached on rotating ring 21.
Rotating ring 21 has double guide rails 211, and spur gear is equipped on the axis of stepper motor 23, and spur gear clamps synchronous driving
Band 22.Double guide rails 211 are V-way, and V-way grasps the ball bearing on tight rotating ring 21, and ball bearing is located at supporting rack
On.
Linear motion platform 4 is made of kinematic system and linear steering system, and kinematic system both ends are respectively provided with two codings
Device 41 and axis coupler 42, centre are equipped with sprocket wheel 43, and encoder 41 is embedded in motor 44, axis coupler 42 respectively with coding
Device 41 connects, and encoder 41 is connect with laser scanner 1, and sprocket wheel 43 is connect by chain with triangular support bracket 3；Linear steering system
System is equipped with two guide rails 45, and four ball bearings 31 of triangular support bracket 3 are connect with two guide rails 45.
A kind of cold formed steel structure laser geometric defect inspection method,
Include the following steps：
Step 1：Inspected object is placed, laser scanner 1 is ready, and data collecting system is connected to PC compositions
The center of whole system control；
Step 2：Data collecting system connects the driver and DC motor driver of stepper motor 23, sends arteries and veins respectively
Rush signal and analog control signal；Pulse signal is converted into step motor control signal by controllor for step-by-step motor, drives stepping
Motor makes rotating ring 21 rotate to position needed for laser scanner；
Step 3：Analog control signal is converted to high-power signal and drives direct current generator, direct current by DC motor driver
The rotating speed of motor changes with the variation of signal.The axial position for the laser sensor 1 that the rotation angle of direct current generator can indicate,
Data collecting system and laser sensor controller are fed back to by encoder 1# and encoder 2# respectively；
Step 4：Real-time control of the signal of encoder 1# for linear motion, encoder 2# is for controlling laser sensing
Device measures, and the pulse of encoder 2# can open and close laser sensor, when a pulse is detected, by triggering laser and is trying
Part surface projection laser rays is re-reflected into laser header detector, and by laser by laser line projection to cross section to be measured
Controller acquires and is sent to computer；
Step 5：It is from the distance between laser measurement adjacent sections as encoder triggers the check and correction of laser scanning
Know, therefore the axial position of arbitrary point on inspected object can be calculated.
Laser scanner 1 uses triangulation, and displacement measurement is completed using light source and detector.In step 1, due to cold
Curved steel has high reflector, it is necessary to which extra process spurious reflections use Embedded Double to reach certain precision level
The program that polarizes eliminates spurious reflections, and scanning circumstance keeps dark, eliminates the influence of ambient light.
Further embodiment is described：
The target of laser geometric defects detection is to carry out efficient and high-precision detection to the component in cold-rolled forming section structure,
In order to obtain enough efficiency and precision, the non-contact detection system based on laser is had chosen.Complete equipment includes that laser is swept
Retouch device 1, rotating platform 2, triangular support bracket 3 and linear motion platform 4.It, can at one in order to improve the adaptability of detecting system
It is mounted with laser scanner 1 on moving platform, can be moved axially along test specimen.It is radial direction 250mm that test block, which detects full-size, axial
3m, the detection range can meet the cold-bending profile steel component size of all kinds of walls and floor in cold formed steel structure.
Laser scanner 1 is a two-dimensional line linear laser sensor, and often degree can generate at 800 points, and cover width is up to
240mm.The scanner makes it the different piece of sweep test part on the rotating platform 2 of a diameter of 635mm, such as
The radius of corner etc. of cold-rolled forming section.Rotating platform 2 is mounted on a triangular support bracket 3, and triangular support bracket 3 must have enough
Weight and width to deliver rotating platform 2, and ensure not topple over；And the linear guide is not had an impact as far as possible.
Test block is placed in supporting beam, and reduces the deformation under gravity laod effect to the greatest extent.Linear motion platform axially drives branch
Support simultaneously positions laser sensor.By being integrated into an overall situation from multiple angle scanning test specimens and by single scanning record registration
In coordinate system, the full dimension geological information of target test specimen may be implemented.Laser scanner 1 uses triangulation, using light source and
Detector completes displacement measurement.Laser scanner 1 includes a blue semiconductor laser light resource and a cmos detector.It visits
Survey the signal that device detects, it may be determined that its distance with respect to test specimen；The working range of laser scanner is from 155 milli of laser head
Rice is to 445 millimeters.Laser scanner can obtain the laser acquisition signal in scanning cross-section at once, and section resolution ratio is more than
0.3 millimeter.Laser scanning width depends on test specimen scan depths, and range has 800 from 110 millimeters to 240mm on maximum width
A scanning element.
The precision of laser depends on the vertically and horizontally distance with test specimen；0.1 millimeter of full accuracy, when test specimen is from laser head
Reach when being 155 millimeters to 300 millimeters.Since cold-rolled forming section has high reflector, it is necessary to which extra process spurious reflections are to reach
To certain precision level, therefore Embedded Double polarization program is used to eliminate spurious reflections, and scanning circumstance keeps dark, eliminates ring
The influence of border light.Laser head can maintain high-frequency (up to 16 kilo hertzs) so that it can scan test specimen continuously in axial direction.
The effect of rotating platform 2 is to enable laser head to any desired angle, and rotating platform 2 includes：Major diameter rotates
Ring, the synchrome conveying belt and stepper motor being attached on rotating ring.A diameter of 635mm of rotating ring；Synchrome conveying belt 22 has 32
Section, shares 800 teeth；The spur gear of one a diameter of 17.48mm is mounted on the axis of stepper motor 23 and clamps synchronous driving
Band 22；Rotating ring 21 is made of cast iron, and rotating ring has double guide rails 211.V-way can preferably grasp the rolling on rotating ring
Pearl bearing, and weight transmitting to supporting rack.Double Guide Rail Designs can effectively prevent out-of-plane vibration when rotating ring 21 is run.
Triangular support bracket 3 is used to support rotating platform 2, and is driven by linear motion system.The cam design energy of supporting rack
It effectively prevent rotating platform 2 to topple over, load is assigned on track by supporting rack, and ensures laser scanner 1 and rotating platform 2
Stable motion.
Linear motion platform 4 is made of a kinematic system and a linear steering system.4 both ends of linear motion platform are each
There are two encoder 41, drive chain and sprocket wheels 43.In encoder 2# insertion 44 systems of motor, two axis couplers 42 are for connecting
Connect motor 44, encoder 1#, transmission chain and sprocket 43.The signal of encoder 1# controls motor as motion control feedback, and
The signal of encoder 2# triggers laser scanner as laser position feedback.Triangular support bracket 3 is located on ball bearing 31, straight line
Double guide rails of guide rail mechanism ensure that four ball bearing smooth motions of supporting rack.The circularity of double guide rails is 0.00203mm, directly
Dimension is 0.0254mm.When heavy foundation moves along the rail, four ball bearing holders can be self-regulated deviation.
The automation control of dimensional measurement platform, defects detection main-process stream are realized by LabVIEW programs.Data acquire
System (DAQ) is connected to the center (NI USB-6343) that PC constitutes whole system control.DAQ connection stepper motor drivers
And DC motor driver, pulse signal and analog control signal are sent respectively.Controllor for step-by-step motor converts pulse signal
At step motor control signal, Driving Stepping Motor makes rotating ring rotate to required position.DC motor driver controls simulation
Signal processed is converted to high-power signal driving direct current generator, and the rotating speed of direct current generator changes with the variation of signal.Direct current generator
The axial position of laser sensor that can indicate of rotation angle, respectively by encoder 1# and encoder 2# feed back to DAQ and
Laser sensor controller.Real-time control of the signal of encoder 1# for linear motion, encoder 2# is for controlling laser
Sensor measures.The pulse of encoder 2# can open and close laser sensor, when a pulse is detected, will triggering laser and
Surface of test piece projects laser rays.By on laser line projection to cross section to be measured, it is re-reflected into laser header detector, and by swashing
Optical controller acquires and is sent to computer.With encoder trigger laser scanning check and correction, from laser measurement adjacent sections it
Between distance be known, therefore the axial position of arbitrary point on test block can be calculated.
Fig. 7 a- Fig. 7 c and Fig. 8, Z-type cold-rolled forming section is usually used in the roof and wall of lightweight steel construction, now with Z-type cold-rolled forming section
For test specimen, geometrical defect detection is carried out to it.Test specimen is installed to by magnetic force in the supporting beam of detection platform, such as Fig. 7 (a) institutes
Show.Axial scan is carried out at 0 °, -80 ° and 100 °, as a result such as Fig. 7 (b)-(c).Test specimen is about 250mm, encoder 2# triggerings
Laser is in an axial direction scanned test specimen, and it is 3.11mm that the scanning of three angles, which mutually axially reads spacing,.According to laser head
Initial position, can obtain local X axis coordinate data, and local z-axis coordinate data is directly obtained by Laser Measuring.Local coordinate information is shown
It is transferred to world coordinates likes, when all data are merged into a common coordinate system, you can reconstruct 3 dimension modules.For
Fig. 8, image are coloured according to the deviation of the mean linear and horizontal surface position quoted from plane, make it possible to see
The ripple in section distortion knead dough is observed, so as to carry out additional post-processing to geometric dimension and other attribute defects.In addition, this
A little geological informations can form model in finite element modelling, or be used for the analysis of other forms.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
With within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention god.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of cold formed steel structure laser geometric defect detection equipment, which is characterized in that including laser scanner, rotation
Platform, triangular support bracket and linear motion platform, the laser scanner are mounted on rotating platform, and rotating platform is fixed on three
On the supporting rack of angle, triangular support bracket is slidably connected with linear motion platform.
2. cold formed steel structure laser geometric defect detection equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The laser scanner is a two-dimensional linear laser sensor, and often degree can generate at 800 points, and cover width is up to 240mm,
Two-dimensional linear laser scanner is mounted on rotating platform.
3. cold formed steel structure laser geometric defect detection equipment according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：
The two-dimensional linear laser sensor completes displacement measurement comprising one using triangulation using light source and detector
The semiconductor laser light resource of a blue and a cmos detector.
4. cold formed steel structure laser geometric defect detection equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The rotating platform includes rotating ring, synchrome conveying belt and stepper motor, and synchrome conveying belt and stepper motor are attached to rotation
In change.
5. cold formed steel structure laser geometric defect detection equipment according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：
The rotating ring has double guide rails, and spur gear is equipped on the axis of stepper motor, and spur gear clamps synchrome conveying belt.
6. cold formed steel structure laser geometric defect detection equipment according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：
Double guide rails are V-way, and V-way grasps the ball bearing on tight rotating ring, and ball bearing is located at gusseted
On frame.
7. cold formed steel structure laser geometric defect detection equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The linear motion platform is made of kinematic system and linear steering system, and kinematic system both ends are respectively provided with two encoders
With axis coupler, centre is equipped with sprocket wheel, and an encoder is embedded in motor, and axis coupler is connect with encoder respectively, encoder
It is connect with laser scanner, sprocket wheel is connect by chain with triangular support bracket；Linear steering system is equipped with two guide rails, supporting rack
Four ball bearings connect with two guide rails.
8. a kind of cold formed steel structure laser geometric defect inspection method, it is characterised in that：
Include the following steps：
Step 1：Inspected object is placed, laser scanner is ready, and data collecting system is connected to PC and constitutes entirely
The center of system control；
Step 2：Data collecting system connects stepper motor driver and DC motor driver, send respectively pulse signal and
Analog control signal；Pulse signal is converted into step motor control signal by controllor for step-by-step motor, and Driving Stepping Motor makes rotation
Change rotates to position needed for laser scanner；
Step 3：Analog control signal is converted to high-power signal and drives direct current generator, direct current generator by DC motor driver
Rotating speed change with the variation of signal.The axial position of the rotation angle reflection laser sensor of direct current generator, passes through respectively
Encoder 1# and encoder 2# feed back to data collecting system and laser sensor controller；
Step 4：Real time kinematics of the signal of encoder 1# for linear motion platform control, and encoder 2# is for controlling laser
Sensor measurement, the Pulse Width Control laser sensor switch of encoder 2#.Laser will be triggered when a pulse is detected and is incident upon
Surface of test piece is re-reflected into laser header detector, and is acquired by laser controller and be sent to computer；
Step 5：The axial position that arbitrary point on inspected object is calculated according to the distance between laser measurement adjacent sections, from
And realize the check and correction of encoder triggering laser scanning.
9. cold formed steel structure laser geometric defect inspection method according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：
The laser scanner uses triangulation, and displacement measurement is completed using light source and detector.
10. cold formed steel structure laser geometric defect inspection method according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：
In the step 1, since cold-rolled forming section has high reflector, it is necessary to which extra process spurious reflections are to reach certain
Precision level, therefore Embedded Double polarization program is used to eliminate spurious reflections, and scanning circumstance keeps dark, eliminates the shadow of ambient light
It rings.
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| CN201810114740.6A CN108344744A (en) | 2018-02-06 | 2018-02-06 | A kind of cold formed steel structure laser geometric defect detection equipment and method |
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| CN201810114740.6A CN108344744A (en) | 2018-02-06 | 2018-02-06 | A kind of cold formed steel structure laser geometric defect detection equipment and method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114252063A (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-03-29 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Ancient building surveying and mapping device based on geometric perspective method and surveying and mapping method thereof |
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