CN108344567B - Loading machine experimental bench and loading machine front end work department operation resistance test method - Google Patents
Loading machine experimental bench and loading machine front end work department operation resistance test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108344567B CN108344567B CN201810131392.3A CN201810131392A CN108344567B CN 108344567 B CN108344567 B CN 108344567B CN 201810131392 A CN201810131392 A CN 201810131392A CN 108344567 B CN108344567 B CN 108344567B
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- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000003351 stiffener Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241001269238 Data Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000003252 repetitive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005923 long-lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009740 moulding (composite fabrication) Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of loading machine experimental bench and loading machine front end work department operation resistance test methods, it is utilized including trolley, track, the test experimental bed of driving device is tested, the following steps are included: front end equipment is installed in fixed plate, fixed plate is installed on rapid connection plate by three-dimensional force sensor, then rapid connection plate is plugged on mounting plate, to which front end equipment and trolley are assembled integrally, control scraper bowl reaches the height and insertion angle of setting, trolley is driven to obtain the speed of setting, it advances to experiment material heap, and set insertion material depth, it will be in scraper bowl loading test material heap, X when the insertion material heap that three-dimensional force sensor is tested, Y, the drag data in tri- directions Z, utilize X, Y, the drag data in tri- directions Z calculates the operation resistance of front end work department.The present invention can be such that experiment repeats under the identical situation of original state, carry out performance experimental study or measurement to selected front end workpiece.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of mechanical technique, and in particular to a kind of loading machine experimental bench and front end work department operation resistance are surveyed
Method for testing.
Background technique
Wheel loader is a kind of engineering machinery that purposes is very extensive, can complete shovel loading, unloading, carrying, it is smooth dissipate
Fill the operations such as material.Using different equipments, it is different that wheel loader can complete soil-shifting, lifting and handling timber etc.
Work.The traditional design method of Wheel Loaders ' Working Device has class to have a competition to gather graphing method and the graphing method based on translation, but
It is that these methods are extremely difficult to design requirement, the R&D cycle is long, works excessively cumbersome, and design of today more uses virtual sample
Machine technology is designed analysis to Wheel Loaders ' Working Device.The equipment of these design formings requires further to try
Verifying, to complete loading machine reliability consideration and optimization design.
Overall test, nothing are used substantially to operation resistance testing experiment in the test system of loading machine both at home and abroad now
Method accurately regulates and controls running parameter and environmental condition, and experimental data is fully established at experimenter in the operating experience of complete machine.
Also, existing test method is that bearing pin sensor is installed on scraper bowl and link mechanism based on complete machine
At connecting joint, deficiency is: connection Z connecting rod and the bearing pin sensor of scraper bowl will affect the pin of swing arm Yu scraper bowl junction
Measurement of the axle sensor to Z axis to torque and X, Z axis to power reduces measurement accuracy.
Existing test macro be all made of customization 2 dimension or 3 dimension bearing pin sensors, cost is very high, and precision it is not high+-
3%.
The disturbing factor of system test is too many, such as: whole-machine test method can only measure scraper bowl position stress condition, and under
The three-dimensional force sensor at end is influenced by upper end bearing pin sensor, and test is inaccurate, and test result is also by loading machine wheel
Vibration influences；Insertion speed control precision is low simultaneously, and it is inaccurate to directly result in measurement result；And this method does not have replacement shovel
The function of bucket and swing arm, the poor universality of test macro；The sensor used for special two-dimentional or three-dimensional pin shaft force snesor,
It is at high cost；Sensor installation is assembled big with maintenance difficulties using interference fit；The coupling stiffness of sensor is limited, is easily damaged,
Reliability is low；Manual operation has large effect for the result precision of repetitive test.These are all unfavorable to test result.
System test, each experimental evidence testing crew physical demands, it is necessary to which pause or replacement testing crew can not be done
To long lasting for test, research cycle, time-consuming.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of loading machine front end work department operation resistance test method, is capable of the work of model engineering machinery
Situation controls various corresponding running parameters, repeats experiment under the identical situation of original state, works selected front end
Component carries out performance experimental study or measurement.
In order to achieve the above objectives, technical scheme is as follows:
The loading machine experimental bench, including trolley, track, driving device；
The trolley is installed on track, and the driving device and trolley interlock, and driving trolley is fed along track
Movement；
The trolley includes vehicle frame, mounting plate, fluid pressure drive device, fixed plate, rapid connection plate；The vehicle frame peace
Loaded on track；The mounting plate is set on vehicle frame vertically, which is provided with installation interface；
The antetheca of the fixed plate is equipped with the installation point of loading machine front end workpiece；The loading machine front end work
Make component to be made of scraper bowl, swing arm and matched hydraulic cylinder；
The rear wall of the fixed plate is connected by the antetheca of force snesor and rapid connection plate；
The rear wall of the rapid connection plate is equipped with the interconnecting piece of corresponding installation interface, can be facilitated by the interconnecting piece
Insertion install interface, so that rapid connection plate is installed on mounting plate；
The fluid pressure drive device be set to vehicle frame on, by fluid pressure line with it is hydraulic on the workpiece of loading machine front end
Cylinder connection.
The track is two side by side；The bottom of frame two sides of the trolley are equipped with guide rail wheel, pass through guide rail wheel
It is installed on track.
The both ends of the track are equipped with screw rod fixed block；The driving device include screw rod, screw rod bearing, motor I,
Big belt wheel, small pulley, belt；The screw rod respective carter is equipped with two, is installed on the screw rod fixed block at track both ends；Institute
The screw rod bearing stated is installed on screw rod, and is fixedly connected with the vehicle frame of the trolley left and right sides；After two screw rods
Small pulley is respectively equipped on end, the big belt wheel is located between two tracks, connect respectively with two small pulleys by belt；
The motor I and big belt wheel is interlocked, and driving big belt wheel rotates and then drives the rotation of small band wheel drive screw rod；The driving device
There should be dust prevention.
The vehicle frame includes front frame, back seat；The front frame is hollow frame structure, and the mounting plate is set vertically
In in the rear side end of front frame, the front end of the back seat and the rear side end of front frame are connected；The left and right two of the front side of the front frame
Inclined stiffener I is equipped between end and the left and right ends of mounting plate upper end；The left and right ends at the rear portion of the back seat to peace
Stiffener II is equipped between the left and right ends at the middle part of loading board；The fluid pressure drive device is set on back seat；Before trolley
In rear direction, the length of front frame is greater than the length of back seat.
The described installation interface is set to the middle part of mounting plate, is class spline, on the rear wall of the rapid connection plate
Interconnecting piece is class spline joint.
The rear end of the back seat is equipped with vehicle counterweight.
The antetheca of the fixed plate is equipped with the fixed hinge ear of hydraulic cylinder and the fixed hinge ear of swing arm, loading machine front end work department
Hydraulic cylinder and swing arm in part pass through pin shaft respectively and are mounted on the fixed hinge ear of hydraulic cylinder and the fixed hinge ear of swing arm.
It is all provided with force sensor at four angles on the rear wall of the fixed plate, by this four force snesors and quickly
The antetheca of connecting plate connects.
The fluid pressure drive device includes motor II and hydraulic pump, and the hydraulic pump passes through fluid pressure line and loading machine
Hydraulic cylinder connection on the workpiece of front end；The motor II and hydraulic pump is interlocked, and driving hydraulic pump drives loading machine front end
Workpiece work.
The loading machine front end work department operation resistance test method,
The following steps are included:
A, using the test experimental bed with driving device, fixed plate and rapid connection plate, in the front end of test experimental bed
The material heap of setting experiment before；Preferably tested using the test experimental bed of structure above；
B, the loading machine of required test is split, obtains front end equipment；Or direct-assembling obtains front end work dress
It sets；
C, will front end equipment is installed in fixed plate composition trolley front end；
D, fixed plate is installed on rapid connection plate by three-dimensional force sensor, fixed plate and rapid connection plate are mutually flat
Rapid connection plate, is then plugged on mounting plate, so that front end equipment and trolley are assembled integrally by row；
E, fluid pressure drive device is adjusted, control scraper bowl reaches the height and insertion angle of setting；
F, starting driving device rotates forward, and control trolley reaches the set distance with experiment material heap, and opening for trolley is set as at this
Dynamic position；
G, driving trolley obtains the speed of setting, advances, and set insertion material depth to experiment material heap, scraper bowl is inserted into
It tests in material heap, the drag data in tri- directions X, Y, Z when the insertion material heap that three-dimensional force sensor is tested；Then starting is driven
Trolley is restored to starting position by dynamic device reversion；
H, the operation resistance of front end work department is calculated using the drag data in tri- directions X, Y, Z；
I, step F-H is repeated, multiple groups operation resistance data can be calculated, be averaged and obtain final front end work department
Operation resistance data under the height and insertion angle of setting.
In the step H, the formula of front end work department operation resistance is calculated are as follows:
Preferably, it is equipped with three-dimensional force sensor at four angles on the rear wall of the fixed plate, passes through this four three
The connection of the antetheca of dimensional force sensor and rapid connection plate；Each three-dimensional force sensor can be surveyed in each scraper bowl loading test material heap
The drag data in tri- directions one group of X, Y, Z is tried out, as
It further include the public affairs for finding out front end work department operation resistance using four groups of above-mentioned drag datas in the step H
Formula sees below formula:
In formula: G is system self gravity；F is the simplified concentrated force of external applied load, as required operation resistance；M
The torque generated after simplifying for external applied load；MoFor resultant couple；riFor the point of application to the torque of sensor test point；N is sensor
Number.
The n is 3-6.
The both ends of the track are equipped with screw rod fixed block；The driving device include screw rod, screw rod bearing, motor I,
Big belt wheel, small pulley, belt；The screw rod respective carter is equipped with two, is installed on the screw rod fixed block at track both ends；Institute
The screw rod bearing stated is installed on screw rod, and is fixedly connected with the vehicle frame of the trolley left and right sides；After two screw rods
Small pulley is respectively equipped on end, the big belt wheel is located between two tracks, connect respectively with two small pulleys by belt；
The motor I and big belt wheel is interlocked, and driving big belt wheel rotates and then drives the rotation of small band wheel drive screw rod, to easily drive
Dynamic trolley moves forward and backward.
The vehicle frame includes front frame, back seat；The front frame is hollow frame structure, and the mounting plate is set vertically
In in the rear side end of front frame, the front end of the back seat and the rear side end of front frame are connected；The left and right two of the front side of the front frame
Inclined stiffener I is equipped between end and the left and right ends of mounting plate upper end；The left and right ends at the rear portion of the back seat to peace
Stiffener II is equipped between the left and right ends at the middle part of loading board；The fluid pressure drive device is set on back seat；Before trolley
In rear direction, the length of front frame is greater than the length of back seat.
The described installation interface is set to the middle part of mounting plate, is class spline, on the rear wall of the rapid connection plate
Interconnecting piece be class spline joint, by rapid connection plate can quick assembling on trolley.
The rear end of the back seat is equipped with vehicle counterweight.
The antetheca of the fixed plate is equipped with the fixed hinge ear of hydraulic cylinder and the fixed hinge ear of swing arm, and the hydraulic cylinder is fixed
The position of hinge ear and the fixed hinge ear of swing arm adjusts and is arranged, loading machine according to the different corresponding front end work departments of loading machine type
Hydraulic cylinder and swing arm in the workpiece of front end pass through pin shaft respectively and are mounted on the fixed hinge ear of hydraulic cylinder and the fixed hinge ear of swing arm.
The fluid pressure drive device includes motor II and hydraulic pump, and the hydraulic pump passes through fluid pressure line and loading machine
Hydraulic cylinder connection on the workpiece of front end；The motor II and hydraulic pump is interlocked, and driving hydraulic pump drives loading machine front end
Workpiece work.
The invention has the benefit that
Experimental bench and test method of the invention controls unitary variant compared with the existing technology, is then tried repeatedly
It tests, the present invention can control various corresponding running parameters, have the widely simulation scope of application, can sufficiently simulate loading
The various working conditions of the front end work department of machine, the angle of height, bucket tooth and horizontal plane including scraper bowl, the speed for being inserted into material heap
Degree, insertion depth, the thrust size etc. when insertion, and experiment can be made to repeat under the identical situation of original state, it is right
Selected front end workpiece carries out performance experimental study or measurement, can all weather operations, shorten research cycle, accelerate research speed
Degree improves measuring accuracy.The operation resistance of front end workpiece tests the supplement as vehicle test, to grasp tested front end
The rule of influence of the work characteristics and running parameter of workpiece to performance, and Parameters Optimal Design is carried out, it is engineering machinery
Research, product component and the overall performance experimental study of high-end technology provide advanced experiment porch and means of testing.
The present invention can effectively be overcome by way of three-dimensional force force snesor is arranged between fixed plate, rapid connection plate
The three-dimensional force sensor of scraper bowl lower end is influenced by upper end bearing pin sensor in the prior art, and test is inaccurate, and test
As a result the problems such as also being influenced by loading machine wheel vibration.
The present invention is advanced by screw rod and motor control trolley, can accurately control insertion speed, and it is quasi- to improve measurement result
True property.Also, the present invention can arbitrarily replace scraper bowl and swing arm, and test macro has very high universalizable, can for it is various not
Loading machine with model is tested.
The present invention can be designed analysis as Special experimental platform to Wheel Loaders ' Working Device, carry out intelligent shovel
Dress, swing arm design and the kinds of experiments such as verifying and Parts strength test, are with a wide range of applications.
Trolley structure of the invention, preceding framework is longer, can effectively mitigate trolley front weight, and the position of mounting plate also can
Relatively rearward, so that whole center of gravity will not excessively lean forward, and install on back seat hydraulic after the workpiece of fit on loading machine front end
The components such as driving device are conducive to increase rearward weight, then pass through the support of stiffener I, guarantee loading machine front end workpiece
Stability.
The installation interface and interconnecting piece of class spline structure of the invention, realize to the quick of loading machine front end workpiece
Installation and removal increase the efficiency for testing intermediate switching part, while can also guarantee fit on loading machine front end work department
The stabilization of part.
The three-dimensional force sensor that the present invention uses is general three-dimensional force snesor, and contour structures are similar to both ends and are welded with method
Blue cylindrical body, precision reach+- 0.02%, can be directly used for connection components, bear load.
Method of the invention is completed experimenter's driving complete machine using higher loading machine testing stand is automated and is tried
The step tested only needs experimenter to input relevant parameter, and testing stand will complete all repetitive tests, can with 24 hours,
Test result accuracy and confidence with higher that is round-the-clock to be tested, and obtaining.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of loading machine test experimental bed used in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the assembling schematic diagram of the fixed plate of loading machine test experimental bed and rapid connection plate used in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the trolley of loading machine test experimental bed and rapid connection plate used in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the fixed plate of loading machine test experimental bed used in the present invention.
Each serial number and title are as follows in figure:
1- trolley；2- track；3- driving device；4- vehicle frame；5- mounting plate；6- fixed plate；7- rapid connection plate；8- installation
Interface；9- interconnecting piece；10- guide rail wheel；11- screw rod；12- screw rod bearing；13- motor I；14- big belt wheel；15- small pulley；16-
Belt；17- three-dimensional force sensor；18- screw rod fixed block；19- motor II, 20- hydraulic pump；21- vehicle counterweight；22- hydraulic cylinder
Fixed hinge ear；The fixed hinge ear of 23- swing arm；24 pin shafts；
41- front frame；42- back seat；43- stiffener I；44- stiffener II.
Specific embodiment
By specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figs 1-4, the structure of device and experimental bench used in the method for the present invention is as follows:
Including trolley 1, track 2, driving device 3；
The trolley 1 is installed on track 2, and the driving device 3 and trolley 1 interlock, and driving trolley 1 is done along track
Feed motion；
The trolley 1 includes vehicle frame 4, mounting plate 5, fluid pressure drive device, fixed plate 6, rapid connection plate 7；Described
Vehicle frame 4 is installed on track 2；The mounting plate 5 is set on vehicle frame 4 vertically, which is provided with installation interface 8；
The antetheca of the fixed plate 6 is equipped with the installation point of loading machine front end workpiece；The loading machine front end
Workpiece is made of front end work department, swing arm and matched hydraulic cylinder；
The rear wall of the fixed plate 6 is connect by three-dimensional force sensor 17 with the antetheca of rapid connection plate 7, and described consolidates
Fixed board 6 is parallel to each other with rapid connection plate 7；
The rear wall of the rapid connection plate 7 is equipped with the interconnecting piece 9 of corresponding installation interface 8, can by the interconnecting piece 9
Convenient insertion installation interface 8, so that rapid connection plate 7 is installed on mounting plate 5；
The fluid pressure drive device is set on vehicle frame 4, passes through the liquid on fluid pressure line and loading machine front end workpiece
Cylinder pressure connection.
The track 2 is two side by side；4 two sides of the bottom of vehicle frame of the trolley 1 are equipped with guide rail wheel 10, by leading
Rail wheel 10 is installed on track 2.
The both ends of the track 2 are equipped with screw rod fixed block 18；The driving device 3 includes screw rod 11, screw rod bearing
12, motor I13, big belt wheel 14, small pulley 15, belt 16；11 respective carter 2 of screw rod is equipped with two, is installed on track 2
On the screw rod fixed block 18 at both ends；The screw rod bearing 12 is installed on screw rod 11, and with the vehicle frame of trolley 14 or so two
Side is fixedly connected；Small pulley 15 is respectively equipped on the rear end of two screw rods 11, the big belt wheel 14 is located at two rails
Between road 2, it is connect respectively with two small pulleys 15 by belt 16；The motor I13 and big belt wheel 14 is interlocked, and drives big band
Wheel 14 rotates and then drives small pulley 15 that screw rod 11 is driven to rotate, so that easily driving trolley 1 moves forward and backward.
The vehicle frame 4 includes front frame 41, back seat 42；The front frame 41 is hollow frame structure, the installation
Vertically in the rear side end of front frame 41, the front end of the back seat 42 is connect plate 5 with the rear side end of front frame 41；The front frame
Inclined stiffener I43 is equipped between the left and right ends of 5 upper end of left and right ends and mounting plate of 41 front side；The back seat 42
Rear portion left and right ends between the left and right ends at the middle part of mounting plate 5 be equipped with stiffener II44；The hydraulic-driven dress
It is arranged on back seat 42；On the front-rear direction of trolley 1, the length of front frame 41 is greater than the length of back seat 42.
The described installation interface 8 is set to the middle part of mounting plate 5, is class spline, on the rear wall of the rapid connection plate 7
Interconnecting piece 9 be class spline joint, by rapid connection plate 7 can quick assembling on trolley 1.
The rear end of the back seat 42 is equipped with vehicle counterweight 21.
The antetheca of the fixed plate 6 is equipped with the fixed hinge ear 22 of hydraulic cylinder and the fixed hinge ear 23 of swing arm, and described is hydraulic
The position of the fixed hinge ear 22 of cylinder and the fixed hinge ear 23 of swing arm adjusts simultaneously according to the different corresponding front end work departments of loading machine type
It is arranged, the hydraulic cylinder and swing arm in the workpiece of loading machine front end pass through pin shaft respectively and be mounted on the fixed hinge ear 22 of hydraulic cylinder and move
On the fixed hinge ear 23 of arm.
The fluid pressure drive device includes motor II19 and hydraulic pump 20, the hydraulic pump 20 by fluid pressure line with
Hydraulic cylinder connection on the workpiece of loading machine front end；The motor II19 and hydraulic pump 20 is interlocked, and drives 20 band of hydraulic pump
Dynamic loading machine front end workpiece work.
Embodiment 2
The operation resistance of loading machine front end work department test result is as follows the following steps are included:
A, using the test experimental bed with driving device, fixed plate 6 and rapid connection plate 7, before test experimental bed
Setting experiment material heap before end；
B, the loading machine of required test is split, obtains front end equipment；Or direct-assembling obtains front end work dress
It sets；
C, will front end equipment is installed in fixed plate 6 composition trolley front end；
D, fixed plate 6 is installed on rapid connection plate 7 by three-dimensional force sensor 17, fixed plate 6 and rapid connection plate
(7) it is parallel to each other, then rapid connection plate 7 is plugged on mounting plate 5, so that front end equipment and trolley are assembled into one
Body；
E, fluid pressure drive device is adjusted, control front end work department reaches the height and insertion angle of setting；The height of setting
From the ground be 0.1m for front end work department, the insertion angle set as the angle of front end work department bottom surface and horizontal plane be 23 °；
F, starting driving device 3 rotates forward, and it is 1 meter that control trolley 1, which is reached with the set distance of experiment material heap, is set as platform at this
The starting position of vehicle 1；
G, driving trolley 1 obtain setting speed 0.3m/s, to experiment material heap advance, and set insertion material depth as
2m, tri- directions X, Y, Z by the work department loading test material heap of front end, when the insertion material heap that three-dimensional force sensor 17 is tested
Drag data；Then starting driving device 3 inverts, and trolley 1 is restored to starting position；
H, the operation resistance of front end work department is calculated using the drag data in tri- directions X, Y, Z；
I, step F-H is repeated, multiple groups operation resistance data can be calculated, be averaged and obtain final front end work department
Operation resistance data under the height and insertion angle of setting.
In the step H, the formula of front end work department operation resistance is calculated are as follows:
Preferably, three-dimensional force sensor (17) are equipped at four angles on the rear wall of the fixed plate (6), pass through this
Four three-dimensional force sensors (17) connect with the antetheca of rapid connection plate (7)；Each three-dimensional force sensor (17) is in each scraper bowl
Loading test material heap can all test out the drag data in tri- directions one group of X, Y, Z, as fx1、fy1、fz1、fx2、fy2、fz2、fx3、
fy3、fz3、fx4、fy4、fz4；
It further include the public affairs for finding out front end work department operation resistance using four groups of above-mentioned drag datas in the step H
Formula sees below formula:
In formula: G is system self gravity；F is the simplified concentrated force of external applied load, as required operation resistance；M is
The torque that external applied load generates after simplifying；MoFor resultant couple；riFor the point of application to the torque of sensor test point, n is of sensor
Number.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of loading machine experimental bench, including trolley (1), track (2), driving device (3), it is characterised in that:
The trolley (1) is installed on track (2), and the driving device (3) and trolley (1) interlock, and drives trolley (1) edge
Track does feed motion；The trolley (1) include vehicle frame (4), mounting plate (5), fluid pressure drive device, fixed plate (6), quickly
Connecting plate (7)；The vehicle frame (4) is installed on track (2)；The mounting plate (5) is set on vehicle frame (4) vertically, thereon
Equipped with installation interface (8)；The antetheca of the fixed plate (6) is equipped with the installation point of loading machine front end workpiece；Described
Loading machine front end workpiece is made of scraper bowl, swing arm and matched hydraulic cylinder；The rear wall of the fixed plate (6) passes through
Three-dimensional force sensor (17) is connect with the antetheca of rapid connection plate (7), and the fixed plate (6) and rapid connection plate (7) are mutual
In parallel；The rear wall of the rapid connection plate (7) is equipped with the interconnecting piece (9) of corresponding installation interface (8), passes through the interconnecting piece
(9) it can be easily inserted into installation interface (8), so that rapid connection plate (7) is installed on mounting plate (5)；Described is hydraulic
Driving device is set on vehicle frame (4), is connect by fluid pressure line with the hydraulic cylinder on the workpiece of loading machine front end；
The track (2) is two side by side；Vehicle frame (4) two sides of the bottom of the trolley (1) are equipped with guide rail wheel (10), lead to
Guide rail wheel (10) is crossed to be installed on track (2)；
The installation interface (8) is set to the middle part of mounting plate (5), is class spline, the rear wall of the rapid connection plate (7)
On interconnecting piece (9) be class spline joint.
2. loading machine experimental bench according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the both ends of the track (2) are equipped with screw rod
Fixed block (18)；The driving device (3) includes screw rod (11), screw rod bearing (12), motor I(13), it is big belt wheel (14), small
Belt wheel (15), belt (16)；Screw rod (11) respective carter (2) is equipped with two, and the screw rod for being installed on track (2) both ends is solid
Determine on block (18)；The screw rod bearing (12) is installed on screw rod (11), and with the vehicle frame (4) of trolley (1) at left and right sides of
It is fixedly connected；It is respectively equipped with small pulley (15) on the rear end of two screw rods (11), the big belt wheel (14) is located at two
Between root track (2), it is connect respectively with two small pulleys (15) by belt (16)；The motor I(13) and big belt wheel
(14) it interlocks, driving big belt wheel (14) rotates and then drives small pulley (15) driving screw rod (11) rotation, to easily drive
Trolley (1) moves forward and backward.
3. loading machine experimental bench according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the vehicle frame (4) include front frame (41), after
Seat (42)；The front frame (41) is hollow frame structure, and the mounting plate (5) is set to the rear side end of front frame (41) vertically
On, the front end of the back seat (42) is connect with the rear side end of front frame (41)；The left and right ends of the front side of the front frame (41)
Inclined stiffener I(43 is equipped between the left and right ends of mounting plate (5) upper end)；The left and right at the rear portion of the back seat (42)
Both ends between the left and right ends at the middle part of mounting plate (5) be equipped with stiffener II(44)；After the fluid pressure drive device is set to
On seat (42)；On the front-rear direction of trolley (1), the length of front frame (41) is greater than the length of back seat (42).
4. loading machine experimental bench according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the rear end of the back seat (42) is equipped with vehicle
Counterweight (21).
5. loading machine experimental bench according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the antetheca of the fixed plate (6) is equipped with
Fixed hinge ear (22) of hydraulic cylinder and fixed hinge ear (23) of swing arm, fixed hinge ear (22) of the hydraulic cylinder and the fixed hinge ear of swing arm
(23) position adjusts and is arranged according to the different corresponding front end work departments of loading machine type, in the workpiece of loading machine front end
Hydraulic cylinder and swing arm pass through pin shaft respectively and be mounted on fixed hinge ear (22) of hydraulic cylinder and fixed hinge ear (23) of swing arm.
6. loading machine experimental bench according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the fluid pressure drive device includes motor II
(19) connected with hydraulic pump (20), the hydraulic pump (20) by the hydraulic cylinder on fluid pressure line and loading machine front end workpiece
It connects；The motor II(19) it is interlocked with hydraulic pump (20), driving hydraulic pump (20) drives the work of loading machine front end workpiece.
7. a kind of loading machine front end work department operation resistance test method, applies as described in claim 1-6 any one
Loading machine experimental bench, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
A, using the test experimental bed with driving device, fixed plate (6) and rapid connection plate (7), before test experimental bed
Setting experiment material heap before end；
B, the loading machine of required test is split, obtains front end equipment；Or direct-assembling obtains front end equipment；
C, will front end equipment is installed on fixed plate (6) composition trolley front end；
D, fixed plate (6) are installed on rapid connection plate (7) by three-dimensional force sensor (17), fixed plate (6) and are quickly connected
Fishplate bar (7) is parallel to each other, and then rapid connection plate (7) is plugged on mounting plate (5), thus by front end equipment and trolley
It is assembled integrally；
E, fluid pressure drive device is adjusted, control scraper bowl reaches the height and insertion angle of setting；
F, starting driving device (3) rotates forward, and control trolley (1) reaches the set distance with experiment material heap, is set as trolley (1) at this
Starting position；
G, driving trolley (1) obtains the speed of setting, advances, and set insertion material depth to experiment material heap, scraper bowl is inserted into
It tests in material heap, the drag data in tri- directions X, Y, Z when the insertion material heap that three-dimensional force sensor (17) is tested；Then it opens
Trolley (1) is restored to starting position by dynamic driving device (3) reversion；
H, the operation resistance of front end work department is calculated using the drag data in tri- directions X, Y, Z；
I, step F-H is repeated, multiple groups operation resistance data can be calculated, is averaged and is obtained final front end work department and setting
Operation resistance data under fixed height and insertion angle.
8. work department operation resistance test method in loading machine front end according to claim 7, it is characterised in that:
The n three-dimensional force sensor (17) for being equipped with polygon distribution on the rear wall of the fixed plate (6), passes through this n three
Dimensional force sensor (17) is connect with the antetheca of rapid connection plate (7)；Each three-dimensional force sensor (17) is inserted into real in each scraper bowl
The drag data in tri- directions one group of X, Y, Z can be tested out by testing material heap all；
It further include being seen in the step H using the formula for finding out front end work department operation resistance of above-mentioned n group drag data
Following formula:
(1)
In formula: G is system self gravity；F is the simplified concentrated force of external applied load, as required operation resistance；M is outer
The torque that load generates after simplifying；For resultant couple；For the point of application to the torque of sensor test point；N is of sensor
Number.
9. work department operation resistance test method in loading machine front end according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: the n
For 3-6.
10. work department operation resistance test method in loading machine front end according to claim 7, it is characterised in that:
The test experiments, platform include including trolley (1), track (2), driving device (3)；
The trolley (1) is installed on track (2), and the driving device (3) and trolley (1) interlock, and drives trolley (1) edge
Track does feed motion；The trolley (1) include vehicle frame (4), mounting plate (5), fluid pressure drive device, fixed plate (6), quickly
Connecting plate (7)；The vehicle frame (4) is installed on track (2)；The mounting plate (5) is set on vehicle frame (4) vertically, thereon
Equipped with installation interface (8)；The antetheca of the fixed plate (6) is equipped with the installation point of loading machine front end workpiece；Described
Loading machine front end workpiece is made of scraper bowl, swing arm and matched hydraulic cylinder；The rear wall of the fixed plate (6) passes through
Three-dimensional force sensor (17) is connect with the antetheca of rapid connection plate (7), and the fixed plate (6) and rapid connection plate (7) are mutual
In parallel；The rear wall of the rapid connection plate (7) is equipped with the interconnecting piece (9) of corresponding installation interface (8), passes through the interconnecting piece
(9) it can be easily inserted into installation interface (8), so that rapid connection plate (7) is installed on mounting plate (5)；Described is hydraulic
Driving device is set on vehicle frame (4), is connect by fluid pressure line with the hydraulic cylinder on the workpiece of loading machine front end.
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| CN201810131392.3A CN108344567B (en) | 2018-02-09 | 2018-02-09 | Loading machine experimental bench and loading machine front end work department operation resistance test method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111103081A (en) * | 2020-01-02 | 2020-05-05 | 广西科技大学 | Loader shovel loading operation resistance real-time testing method based on position calculation |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114295273B (en) * | 2022-01-11 | 2022-06-17 | 柳州职业技术学院 | Accurate measuring method for work resistance work of loader |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| DE29820808U1 (en) * | 1998-11-20 | 2000-03-30 | Strautmann & Soehne | Device for loading a mobile feed mixer |
| CN103344186A (en) * | 2013-07-17 | 2013-10-09 | 广西柳工机械股份有限公司 | Loading machine unloading parameter testing device and method |
| JP6450268B2 (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2019-01-09 | 株式会社小松製作所 | Wheel loader and automatic accumulation method of transportation work information of the wheel loader |
| CN205748152U (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2016-11-30 | 十堰凯泰隆工贸有限公司 | A kind of cubing for loader Chain Link |
| CN206891735U (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2018-01-16 | 天津工程机械研究院有限公司 | A kind of loading machine hydraulic hybrid test-bed |
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| CN111103081A (en) * | 2020-01-02 | 2020-05-05 | 广西科技大学 | Loader shovel loading operation resistance real-time testing method based on position calculation |
| CN111103081B (en) * | 2020-01-02 | 2020-08-18 | 广西科技大学 | Loader shovel loading operation resistance real-time testing method based on position calculation |
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