CN108343518A

CN108343518A - The piston of variable compression ratio and oil spout position

Info

Publication number: CN108343518A
Application number: CN201710192809.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 庄景阳
Original assignee: NANAN CITY GAOJIE ELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Current assignee: NANAN CITY GAOJIE ELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Priority date: 2017-01-21
Filing date: 2017-03-28
Publication date: 2018-07-31
Also published as: CN106894904A; CN106958491A; CN108343521A

Abstract

The present invention proposes a kind of piston of variable compression ratio and oil spout position, it is characterized in that, the fox face of variable compressive piston constitutes the second combustion chamber, second combustion chamber and the combustion chamber of cylinder head are done work jointly, the variable compressive piston protrudes a support column from the inside, and an at least injector orifice hole is designed in the support column.Oil spout position is also followed by variation in the state of realizing different compression ratios, and to meet different compression ratios when different engine loadings and different engine and different oil spout positions, the power and power of engine are promoted to improve the efficiency of combustion of fuel oil.

Description

The piston of variable compression ratio and oil spout position

Technical field

The present invention relates to petrol engines, and compression ratio can be changed according to engine loading and rotating speed by particularly relating to one kind The engine of example and oil spout position.

Background technology

The compression ratio of engine refers to the ratio of stroke and combustion chamber of the acting piston in cylinder, and compression ratio is higher, combustion It is better to burn efficiency.But compression ratio is higher, the pinking of engine is higher, the easier engine knock of cylinder, piston and wear.Especially exist Under high load condition, the power of engine declines instead.

The more do the more high with the label of gasoline, octane number raising be exactly in order to reduce because compression ratio height due to generate it is quick-fried Shake, still, effect is limited, and compression ratio can only also be controlled with the speed engine of blue sky technology its compression ratio of the wound of Mazda 13:1, certainly same refinement and manufacture craft of the engine because of region gasoline also leads to the engine supply Europe for creating blue sky technology of speeding The compression ratio of man of ally is increased to 14:1 high compression value, or even to reach 18 in 18 years:1 superelevation compression ratio is to realize pressure Combustion.

And the aggravation of existing pinking in order to prevent, it is common practice to detonation sensor is installed at cylinder head, when CPU is detected After generating pinking to engine, the continuation of pinking is reduced by correcting the duration of ignition, however, pinking has been to occur, it is existing Means only it control prevent from aggravating.

It is found through retrieval, the patents applications granted of variable compressive is at most inventor：Solenoid valve, the spiral shell of Wei Yanei Lapies The related application of 20 parcel received such as bar, cam；And more than 10 related applications more particularly to change acting piston of daily output automatic vehicle Upward position；With more than 50 related applications of Toyota automatic vehicle more particularly to change expansion ratio and reduce fuel consumption；Ford 2 inventions of Universal Tech. Corp. authorize mainly realizes the variation of compression ratio to change length of connecting rod, although so more Patent in, the patent it is the simplest, cost is also minimum, and still, the stress of such setting connecting rod, which will be the largest, to be examined It tests, and the variation of compression ratio is changed by the variation of temperature, practicability is not high；And 6 related applications of Honda Company Tenure is abandoned because of practicability or other reasons；3 related patents of company of Cherry, the wherein position of piston crown are realized The variation of compression ratio is also practical, and still, the increase of piston weight will be such that inertia force increases, and cause power dropping and oil consumption Rise；Lucky 2 inventions authorize daily output change position of the connecting rod with piston play the same tune on different musical instruments it is wonderful.

Compression ratio is variation with rotating speed and temperature and changes in the prior art above, and cannot change with load and become Change, it is often more important that, spark plug is cured in the position of combustion chamber, although the duration of ignition of spark plug can receive and dispatch turning for motivation Speed and generate certain variation, still, the position of spark plug in the combustion chamber cannot but change.Thus, there is an urgent need to a kind of energy It is enough with automatically adjusting compression ratio under the different loads of engine and the operating mode of different rotating speeds, and turned according to gas pedal or throttle Moment increase to compression ratio carry out reduce and the duration of ignition is stepped back, simultaneously, it is also desirable in different compression ratio states Under, the oil spout position of atomizer in the combustion chamber can also follow variation, to realize that the efficiency of engine maximizes.

Invention content

The present invention proposes a kind of variable compression ratio engine, solves the unified pressure of different engine loads in the prior art Contracting ratio and oil spout position problems.

The technical proposal of the invention is realized in this way：A kind of piston of variable compression ratio and oil spout position, characterized in that The combustion chamber of fox face the second combustion chamber of composition of variable compressive piston, second combustion chamber and cylinder head is done work jointly, described Variable compressive piston protrudes a support column from the inside, and an at least injector orifice hole is designed in the support column.And realize different pressures Oil spout position is also followed by variation in the state of contracting ratio, to meet difference when different engine loadings and different engine Compression ratio and different oil spout positions promote the power and power of engine to improve the efficiency of combustion of fuel oil.And then effectively Extend rocking arm, camshaft, when advise chain service life.

Further, wherein the maximum compression ratio is more than 20.

Further, wherein when engine start operates, the compression ratio is less than 7.8：1.

Further, wherein in time of engine low speed, the compression ratio is low.

Further, wherein the engine speed is higher, then the compression ratio is higher.

Further, when wherein engine loading moment is excessive, the compression ratio is low.

Further, wherein as the engine loading is gradually lower, the compression ratio gradually increases.

Further, wherein it includes that can control variable compressive piston to stretch that the compressed action, which starts timing changing mechanism, Mechanism.

Further, wherein when the compression ratio is high, the variable compressive piston is stretched out along cylinder direction.

Further, wherein when the compression ratio is low, the variable compressive piston is retracted along cylinder head direction.

Further, when the engine loading moment is excessive, when the duration of ignition steps back certain by the current duration of ignition Between.

Further, when the engine loading is gradually lower, the duration of ignition gradually shifts to an earlier date, and is gradually restored to work as The preceding duration of ignition.

Further, the adjusting of the duration of ignition is the ratio based on throttle position and engine speed.

Further, the variation of the ignition location is followed by the variation of compression ratio and changes.

Advantageous effect：

1. solving compression ratio in the prior art cannot change with load and be changed.

2. knock control is prevented from adding by compression ratio and duration of ignition synchronous working before generation rather than after occurring It is acute.

3. the variation of oil spout position is followed by the variation of compression ratio and changes, generated effect will realize different positions The consistency effect of the second indoor combustion mixture of burning of variable compressive piston, assists the work of the duration of ignition when setting, with Different compression ratios when meeting different engine loadings and different engine and different oil spout positions, to improve fuel oil Efficiency of combustion promotes the power and power of engine.

4. the service life of rule chain, camshaft, rocking arm and cylinder, the piston that does work when improving, especially reduce rocking arm with it is convex The shake of wheel shaft contact surface is worn, and, the concussion abrasion for piston skirt of doing work causes support force uneven, causes piston ring different Often gone here and there and burn oil on abrasion machine oil.

5. extending the service life of accumulator and starter motor.

6. improving low speed torsion, increase high speed power, and reduce fuel consumption.

Description of the drawings

In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below There is attached drawing needed in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this Some embodiments of invention without having to pay creative labor, may be used also for those of ordinary skill in the art With obtain other attached drawings according to these attached drawings.

Fig. 1 is the ultralow compression ratio signal in shutdown or starting state when the variable compressive piston of the present invention is retracted Figure.

Fig. 2 is the idling mode low compression ratio schematic diagram when variable compressive piston of the present invention stretches out.

Fig. 3 is the high compression ratio schematic diagram when variable compressive piston of the present invention stretches out.

Fig. 4 is the control schematic diagram of the present invention.

A kind of cylinder heads of variable compression ratio of Fig. 5.

A kind of pistons of variable compression ratio of Fig. 6.

Fig. 7 is the overlapping schematic diagram of sealing ring.

Accompanying drawings symbol description：

100---- cylinder heads

The first combustion chambers 110---

The second combustion chambers 111---

120--- cylinder faying faces

130---- slide openings

200---- inlet valves

300---- variable compressive pistons

310---- transfer ports

400---- sealing rings

410---- sliding slots

500---- oil nozzles

510---- hydraulic cavities

600---- exhaust valves

810---- atomizers

900---- support columns.

Specific implementation mode

Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clearly and completely Description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on this hair Embodiment in bright, the every other implementation that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained without creative efforts Example, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

A kind of engine of variable compression ratio and oil spout position comprising the variable compression ratio of mechanical compression ratio can be changed Mechanism, the atomizer 810 of acting synchronous with the telescoping mechanism, and make time of engine low load operation when the compression Compression ratio and oil spout position when than being operated with load in engine and high load is entirely different, and it is negative that realization meets different engines Different compression ratios when load and different engine and oil spout position.The variation of oil spout position be followed by the variation of compression ratio and Variation, it is generated to act on flammable mixing when realizing different location in the second combustion chamber 111 of variable compressive piston 300 The consistency of gas acts on, and assists the work of the duration of ignition, when meeting different engine loadings and different engine not With compression ratio and different oil spout positions, product is reduced with power to improve the efficiency of combustion of fuel oil to promote the power of engine Carbon, effectively extend rocking arm, camshaft, when advise chain service life.

Wherein, the maximum compression ratio is more than 20.The variation of compression ratio, such as 6 ~ 20 compression ratio, then do work piston It is 6 in the stroke of cylinder and the volume fraction of combustion chamber:1, more particularly in the startup moment of engine, compression ratio is less than normal The 7.8 of work:When 1 or less, the starting load of starter motor will decrease minimum 30% or more, that is, to moment work The reduction of starting current, starter motor operating after, need starting current have declined, if by low current it is ensured that The normal rotation of starter motor just can realize the requirement of the startup rotating speed of engine, and the starting capacity and voltage to accumulator are wanted Asking will not be so harsh, is more advantageous to the service life for extending accumulator and starter motor in this way.

Further, when the engine operates with a low speed, the compression ratio is low, that is to say, that after starter motor runs well The first requirement of engine is exactly by compression ratio adjustment to 7.8:1~8:In the range of 1, to meet the positive normal pressure of engine work Contracting ratio.

Further, when the engine speed is higher, then the compression ratio is higher, that is to say, that with accelerator open degree Increase, the rotating speed of engine constantly increasing, then, another requirement of engine is exactly by compression ratio from 7.8:1 is adjusted to 20:In 1 even higher range, to meet the high compression ratio of engine peak speed work.In this, as throttle exists The continuous variation of idling mode and fast state, another requirement of engine are exactly by compression ratio from 7.8:1 to 20:1 even more Interior variation between high range, to meet the needs of different rotating speeds are to different compression ratios.

As shown in Figure 1, 2, 3, wherein it includes that can control variable compressive work that the compressed action, which starts timing changing mechanism, The flexible mechanism of plug 300.The diameter of variable compressive piston 300 is bigger, and N stretchings value is smaller, and the diameter of variable compressive piston 300 is got over Small, N stretching values are bigger.The periphery of the variable compressive piston 300 is provided at least one annular groove 410 and one and protrudes one from inner face Dagger 900, support column 900 is interior to design an atomizer bore, and the atomizer bore is for installing atomizer 810, the support Column 900 is inserted into cylinder head 100, and the support column 900 plays phase when being moved with cylinder head 100 to variable compressive piston 300 Mutual perpendicular acting prevents variable compressive piston 300 from being caused by the pressure bursting force of 111 detonation of the first combustion chamber 110 and the second combustion chamber Variable compressive piston 300 tilt.The variable compressive piston 300 is mounted on the position of 100 first combustion chamber 110 of cylinder head, It is formed by cavity between the variable compressive piston 300 and cylinder head 100 and is called hydraulic cavities 510, the hydraulic cavities 510 and one Oil nozzle 500 connects, and the oil nozzle 500 is connect through oil pipe with an electronic oil pump, and the working oil of the electronic oil pump arises directly from The lubricating oil of engine, the work of electronic oil pump by vehicle-mounted ECU control and forward or reverse, the oil nozzle 510 is to the liquid Injection of the chamber 510 for lubricating oil is pressed to realize stretching or contracting for variable compressive piston 300 with reflux, wherein variable compressive piston 300 retraction is after lubricating oil flows back, and variable compressive piston is compressed pushing back for steam by acting piston and shunk, such Design can remove gas bleeder valve from and realize can be with the retraction of compression piston.After variable compressive piston 300 stretches out, hydraulic cavities 510 Pressure is kept by the rotor seal of electronic oil pump.For installing sealing ring 400, the sealing ring 400 has two big the annular groove Feature：First, prevent string on the gas of the first combustion chamber 110 from going in hydraulic cavities 510, second, prevent lubrication in hydraulic cavities 510 Oil, which is inhaled into the first combustion chamber 110 and participates in burning, causes burn oil, third, by the first combustion chamber 110, the second combustion chamber 111 Heat is quickly passed through cylinder head.Wherein, the atomizer 810 is mounted in the support column of variable compressive piston 300 In 900, the position of atomizer will stretch that compression piston position is mobile but remain at can for the oil spout position of atomizer with variable The center of second combustion chamber 111 of variable compression piston 300 keeps same original position with variable telescopic piston 300, this The benefit of sample design will make the oil spout position of second combustion chamber when flexible of variable compressive piston 300 be always held at origin, So that the pinking of the combustion mixture of the second combustion chamber 111 of raising variable compressive piston 300 pushes efficiency.

Fig. 4 further indicates that variable compressive is changed, the pressure with igniting by the variation of throttle and engine speed Contracting than it is low when, the variable compressive piston 300 along 100 direction of cylinder head retract, when engine loading moment is excessive, the compression Than low, the excessive judgement of the load transients is to increase to change based on the moment of gas pedal or twist grip throttle control, the throttle position When setting 1 more than engine speed 1（The throttle position 1 and engine speed 1, therein 1 is that throttle signal turns with tach signal The value of symbol for changing vehicle-mounted ECU identification into, to realize comparison of the vehicle-mounted ECU to throttle position and engine speed, throttle here Position can be 10, and engine speed is 3, shows that throttle adds bigger, and the rotating speed of engine be not relatively it is very high, two The drop of person is bigger, at this point, vehicle-mounted ECU will be adjusted to 3 to the retraction of variable compressive piston, the position of variable compressive piston is The judgement of vehicle-mounted ECU given by the unit of change in resistance based on position sensor, position sensor are mounted on cylinder head 100 It is used between first variable compressive piston 300 or on support column 900 detecting the adjustable height of support column 900 judge can The stretching value of variable compression piston 300.That is, the compressed value three of throttle position, engine speed and variable compressive piston Relationship be with number its point and ratio be achieved）, or when throttle position 1 it is constant and in ramp when, engine turn When speed 1 is reduced less than throttle position 1, to reduce compression ratio in 300 retraction cylinder head 100 of variable compressive piston, increase is started Mechanomotive force.When wherein described compression ratio is high, as shown in figure 3, the variable compressive piston 300 is stretched out along cylinder direction, with institute It states engine loading to be gradually lower, the compression ratio gradually increases, and the engine speed gradually rises up to 1 and throttle position 1 When consistent, the variable compressive piston 300 stretches out cylinder head 100 and moves the space for reducing combustion chamber 110 toward cylinder faying face 120 Realize that improve compression ratio increases power to have the function that reduce fuel.

Wherein, when the engine loading moment is excessive, the duration of ignition steps back the regular hour by the current duration of ignition.Institute State engine loading moment it is excessive when, the excessive judgement of the load transients is to add the moment based on gas pedal or twist grip throttle control Big variation, when the throttle position 1 is more than engine speed 1, or when throttle position it is constant and when in ramp, engine turns Speed 1 reduces when being less than throttle position 1, vehicle-mounted ECU adjust ignition coil the duration of ignition be allowed to current in the state of step back igniting, Igniting is namely postponed, prevents engine from generating pinking, increases engine power.

Further, when the engine loading is gradually lower, the duration of ignition gradually shifts to an earlier date, and is gradually restored to The current duration of ignition.As the engine loading is gradually lower, the engine speed gradually rises up to 1 and throttle position 1 When consistent, the duration of ignition that vehicle-mounted ECU adjusts ignition coil is allowed to advanced ignition in the state of current, is started with realizing to increase Acc power.Further, the adjusting of the duration of ignition is the ratio based on throttle position and engine speed.And original base In pinking detection necessarily after generation, thus, it is necessary in the variation of throttle position be the setting prior to pinking, in this way Be conducive to extend camshaft, rocking arm, when advise chain and cylinder, piston service life.

As shown in figure 5, a kind of can include a hydraulic cavities 510, the hydraulic cavities with the cylinder head of compression ratio, the cylinder head 510 connect with an oil nozzle 500, and a slide opening 130 is provided on the cylinder head, and the slide opening is used to support the insertion of column 900, realize The balance of the tracks of variable compressive piston and cylinder head.The hydraulic cavities are used to pacify close to the position of the first combustion chamber 110 Fill variable compressive piston 300, that is to say, that after variable compressive piston 300 is installed into cylinder head 100, variable compressive piston 300 with Cavity between cylinder head 100 is exactly hydraulic cavities 510.

As shown in fig. 6, a kind of variable compressive piston 300, fox face and the cylinder head 100 of the variable compressive piston 300 The fox face of first combustion chamber 110 is arc-shaped, and the fox face of the variable compressive piston 300 constitutes the second combustion chamber, second combustion Burn first combustion chamber 110 jointly acting of the room with cylinder head 100.The periphery of the variable compressive piston 300 is provided at least one Annular groove 410 and one protrudes a support column 900 from inner face, and an atomizer bore, the atomizer bore are designed in support column 900 For installing atomizer 810, the fox face at least both sides of second combustion chamber 111, which are provided with, passes to inlet valve side and exhaust valve side Transfer port 310, the both sides refer to inlet valve 200 and exhaust valve 600 position corresponding with the second combustion chamber 111.Especially In the start-up conditions, as shown in Figure 1, the variable compressive piston 300 is less than the first combustion chamber 110 and institute in the fox face of combustion chamber State the faying face of the variable compressive piston 300, that is to say, that the variable compressive piston 300 is shunk in cylinder head 100, this When the design of sample is especially advantageous for starting, under the promotion of acting piston, combustion mixture is concentrated at the variable compressive piston In 300 fox face, is i.e. in the second combustion chamber 111, the mixing specific concentration of the second combustion chamber 111 is improved, cold is made more preferably to start.And Under idling mode after the engine started, as shown in Fig. 2, the fox of the second combustion chamber 111 of the variable compressive piston 300 Face is combined face balance, the fox face of the second combustion chamber 111 of the variable compressive piston 300 and cylinder head with the first combustion chamber 110 The fox face of 100 the first combustion chamber 110 is arc-shaped, and in this state, combustion mixture can also form a ball along combustion chamber Face or the conical surface keep the promotion of combustion mixture more stable, are conducive to the stability of idling.As shown in Fig. 3,6, the transfer port 310 when fox face of the variable compressive piston 300 in the first combustion chamber 110 of stretching, in high speed acting descent of piston When, inlet valve 200 is opened, and gas enters through transfer port 310 in second combustion chamber of the variable compressive piston 300, then through sweeping Stomata 310 enters exhaust valve side, keeps combustion chamber and the second indoor gaseous mixture of burning more balanced, and work as and beaten in exhaust valve 600 When opening, acting piston stroking upward pushes residual gas to exhaust valve 600 from transfer port 310, makes more clean in the second combustion chamber 111 It prepares for storage next time incoming mixture, to improve the power of high speed and save fuel oil.Annular groove 410 is sealed for installing Ring 400, the preferably trapezoidal mouth of opening of the sealing ring 400 or W-shaped mouth, after sealing ring is packed into cylinder head 100, sealing ring 400 Opening under above-mentioned trapezoidal or W-shaped design at sealing state, the overlapping mouth after sealing not will produce vertical clearance gap mouth, can have Effect reduces the consumption of the sealed ring of lubricating oil 400 in hydraulic cavities 510, as shown in Figure 7.

The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention With within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention god.

Claims

1. the piston of a kind of variable compression ratio and oil spout position, characterized in that the fox face of variable compressive piston 300 constitutes the second combustion Room is burnt, second combustion chamber and the combustion chamber 110 of cylinder head 100 are done work jointly, and the variable compressive piston 300 is convex from the inside Go out a support column 900, an at least injector orifice hole is designed in the support column 900.

2. the piston of variable compression ratio as described in claim 1, characterized in that the fox face of the variable compressive piston 300 with The fox face of the combustion chamber 110 of cylinder head 100 is arc-shaped.

3. the piston of variable compression ratio as described in claim 1, characterized in that open on the periphery of the variable compressive piston 300 There is at least one annular groove.

4. the piston of variable compression ratio as described in claim 1, characterized in that the spark plug bore is for installing oil spout Mouth.

5. the piston of variable compression ratio as described in claim 1, the fox face at least both sides of second combustion chamber 310 are provided with logical To the transfer port 310 of inlet valve side and exhaust valve side.