CN106968807A - A kind of method for controlling combustion-chamber shape in engine - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention proposes a kind of method for controlling combustion-chamber shape in engine, comprising：Based on adjusting diverse location of the second combustion chamber to cylinder head in the first combustion chamber under different engine, the diverse location is based on the oil in the hydraulic cavities being stored between cylinder head and variable compressive piston, regulation includes regulation electronic oil pump or relief valve supplied to the oil capacity in the engine cylinder head, and diverse location of second combustion chamber in the first combustion chamber is realized in the stretching or retraction that the increase oil capacity or reduction oil capacity can change variable compressive piston.So as to improve the power and power of engine and save fuel oil.

Description

A kind of method for controlling combustion-chamber shape in engine

Technical field

The present invention relates to petrol engine, compression ratio can be changed according to engine loading and rotating speed by particularly relating to one kind The engine of example.

Background technology

The compression ratio of engine refers to the ratio of stroke and combustion chamber of the acting piston in cylinder, and compression ratio is higher, combustion Burn efficiency better.But compression ratio is higher, the pinking of engine is higher, the easier engine knock of cylinder, piston and wear and tear.Especially exist Under high load condition, the power of engine declines on the contrary.

Do higher and higher with the label of gasoline, the raising of octane number be exactly in order to reduce because compression ratio is high and produce it is quick-fried Shake, still, its effect is limited, and its compression ratio can only also be controlled with the speed engine of blue sky technology its compression ratio of the wound of Mazda 13:1, certainly equal refinement and manufacture craft of the engine because of region gasoline also causes the engine supply Europe for creating blue sky technology of speeding The compression ratio of man of ally brings up to 14:1 high compression value.

And the existing aggravation in order to prevent pinking, it is common practice to detonation sensor is installed at cylinder head, when CPU detections Produced to engine after pinking, the continuation of pinking is reduced by correcting the duration of ignition, however, pinking has been that occur, it is existing Means simply it control prevent aggravation.

Found through retrieval, the patents applications granted of variable compressive it is most for inventor：Magnetic valve, the spiral shell of Wei Yanei Lapies The related application of the parcel received of bar, cam etc. 20；And more than 10 related applications more particularly to change acting piston of daily output automatic vehicle Upward position；With more than 50 related applications of Toyota automatic vehicle more particularly to change expansion ratio and reduce fuel consumption；Ford 2 inventions of Universal Tech. Corp. authorize the change that compression ratio is mainly realized to change length of connecting rod, although so many Patent in, the patent it is the simplest, cost is also minimum, and still, such stress for setting connecting rod will be maximum examines Test, and the change of compression ratio is changed by the change of temperature, and practicality is not high；And 6 related applications of Honda Company Tenure is abandoned because of practicality or other reasons；3 Patents of company of Cherry, the wherein position of piston crown are realized The change of compression ratio is also practical, and still, the increase of piston weight will increase inertia force, cause power dropping and oil consumption Rise；It is wonderful that lucky 2 inventions authorize that daily output changes that position of the connecting rod with piston play the same tune on different musical instruments.

Compression ratio is change with rotating speed and temperature and changed in the prior art above, and can not change with load and become Change, thus, in the urgent need to it is a kind of can with automatically adjusting compression ratio under the different loads of engine and the operating mode of different rotating speeds, And compression ratio is reduced according to the increasing of the moment of gas pedal or twist grip throttle control and the duration of ignition is stepped back, to meet The efficiency of engine is maximized.

The content of the invention

The present invention proposes a kind of variable compression ratio engine, solves the unified pressure of different engine loads in the prior art Problem is compared in contracting.

The technical proposal of the invention is realized in this way：A kind of method for controlling combustion-chamber shape in engine, bag Contain：It is described based on diverse location of the second combustion chamber to cylinder head in the first combustion chamber is adjusted under different engine Diverse location is that, based on the oil in the hydraulic cavities being stored between cylinder head and variable compressive piston, regulation is started supplied to described Oil capacity in machine cylinder head includes regulation electronic oil pump or relief valve, and the increase oil capacity or reduction oil capacity can change Diverse location of second combustion chamber in the first combustion chamber is realized in the stretching or retraction of variable compressive piston.So as to improve engine Power and power and save fuel oil.

Further, in the start-up conditions, the fox face of second combustion chamber is less than the first combustion chamber.

Further, under idling mode after the engine started, fox face and the first combustion chamber of second combustion chamber With reference to face balance, the fox face of the second combustion chamber fox face and the first combustion chamber is curved or spheric or cone-shaped.

Further, when high speed does work descent of piston, the fox face position of the first combustion chamber is stretched out in the second combustion chamber.

Wherein, when the fox face position of the first combustion chamber is stretched out in second combustion chamber, transfer port is opened.

Beneficial effect：

1. solving compression ratio in the prior art can not change and change with load.

2. compression ratio and duration of ignition synchronous working, by knock control, preventing before generation rather than after generation adds It is acute.

3. rule chain, camshaft, rocking arm and cylinder, the service life for the piston that does work when improving, especially reduce rocking arm with it is convex The shake abrasion of wheel shaft contact surface, and, the concussion abrasion of acting piston skirt causes support force uneven, causes piston ring different Often gone here and there and burn oil on abrasion machine oil.

4. extend the service life of battery and starter motor.

5. improving low speed torsion, increase high speed power, and reduce fuel consumption.

Brief description of the drawings

In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing There is the accompanying drawing used required in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only this Some embodiments of invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without having to pay creative labor, may be used also To obtain other accompanying drawings according to these accompanying drawings.

The signal of the ultralow compression ratio in shutdown or starting state when Fig. 1 retracts for the variable compressive piston of the present invention Figure.

Idling mode low compression ratio schematic diagram when Fig. 2 stretches out for the variable compressive piston of the present invention.

High compression ratio schematic diagram when Fig. 3 stretches out for the variable compressive piston of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is control schematic diagram of the invention.

A kind of cylinder heads of variable compression ratio of Fig. 5.

A kind of pistons of variable compression ratio of Fig. 6.

Fig. 7 is the overlapping schematic diagram of sealing ring.

Fig. 8 is schematic diagram of the charge air flow through transfer port.

Reference numeral explanation：

100---- cylinder heads

110--- combustion chambers

120--- cylinder faying faces

130---- slide openings

200---- valves

300---- variable compressive pistons

310---- transfer ports

400---- sealing rings

410---- chutes

500---- inlet nozzles

510---- hydraulic cavities

520---- aerial drainage mouths

530---- relief valves

600---- stop bits seat

700---- balancing poles

800---- bearing pins

810---- through holes

900---- support columns.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clearly and completely Description, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on this hair Embodiment in bright, the every other implementation that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made Example, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.

A kind of variable compression ratio engine, it includes that the variable compression ratio of mechanical compression ratio can be changed, and makes Compression ratio when compression ratio when obtaining time of engine low load operation is operated with load in engine and high capacity is entirely different, Realize different compression ratios when meeting different engine loadings and different engine.So as to effectively extend rocking arm, cam Axle, when advise chain service life.

Wherein, the maximum compression ratio is more than 20.The change of compression ratio, such as 6 ~ 20 compression ratio, then do work piston It is 6 in the stroke of cylinder and the volume fraction of combustion chamber:1, more particularly in the startup moment of engine, compression ratio is less than normal The 7.8 of work:When less than 1, the starting load of starter motor will decrease minimum more than 30%, that is, to moment work The reduction of starting current, starter motor operating after, its need starting current declined, if by low current it is ensured that The normal rotation of starter motor just can realize the requirement of the startup rotating speed of engine, starting capacity and voltage to battery will Asking also will not be so harsh, is so more beneficial for extending the service life of battery and starter motor.

Further, when the engine operates with a low speed, the compression ratio is low, that is to say, that after starter motor runs well The first requirement of engine is exactly by compression ratio adjustment to 7.8:1~8:In the range of 1, to meet the positive normal pressure of engine work Contracting ratio.

Further, when the engine speed is higher, then the compression ratio is higher, that is to say, that with accelerator open degree Increase, the rotating speed of engine constantly increasing, then, and another requirement of engine is exactly from 7.8 by compression ratio:1 regulation to 20:In the range of 1 even more high, to meet the high compression ratio of engine peak speed work.Among this, as throttle exists Idling mode and fast state are continually changing, and another requirement of engine is exactly from 7.8 by compression ratio:1 to 20:1 even more Change between high scope, to meet demand of the different rotating speeds to different compression ratios.

As shown in Figure 1, 2, 3, wherein, the compressed action start timing changing mechanism include variable compressive can be controlled to live The flexible mechanism of plug 300.The diameter of variable compressive piston 300 is bigger, and N stretchings value is smaller, and the diameter of variable compressive piston 300 is got over Small, N stretching values are bigger.The periphery of the variable compressive piston 300 is provided with least one annular groove 410 and one and protrudes one from inner face Dagger 900, support column 900 is designed with through hole 810, and the through hole is used for the insertion of bearing pin 800 and connects balancing pole 700, described 600 is connected with stop bit seat in the insertion cylinder head 100 of balancing pole 700, the balancing pole 700 play to variable compressive piston 300 and Effect is mutually perpendicular to when cylinder head 100 is moved, prevents variable compressive piston 300 from being caused by the pressure bursting force of the detonation of combustion chamber 110 Variable compressive piston 300 tilt.The variable compressive piston 300 is arranged on the position of the combustion chamber 110 of cylinder head 100, described The cavity formed between variable compressive piston 300 and cylinder head 100 is called hydraulic cavities 510, the oil-feed of hydraulic cavities 510 and one The leak-off nozzle 520 of mouth 500 and one is connected, and the inlet nozzle 500 is connected through oil pipe with an electronic oil pump, the work of the electronic oil pump Oil arises directly from the lubricating oil of engine, and the work of electronic oil pump is worked by the control of vehicle-mounted ECU, the inlet nozzle 510 Be used to the injection of lubricating oil realize the stretching value of variable compressive piston 300 to the hydraulic cavities 510, wherein, relief valve 530 with Aerial drainage mouth 520 is connected, and the retraction of variable compressive piston 300 is that relief valve 530 is opened by the control of vehicle-mounted ECU, hydraulic cavities 510 Lubricating oil is back in engine through aerial drainage mouth 520 through relief valve 530, compression vapour of the variable compressive piston 300 by acting piston Pushing back for body and shrink, such design can remove back-moving spring from and realize the retraction of compression piston.Variable compressive piston 300 After stretching, the pressure of hydraulic cavities 510 is kept by the rotor seal of electronic oil pump.The annular groove is used to install sealing ring 400, institute Stating sealing ring 400 has two major features：First, prevent that string is gone in hydraulic cavities 510 on the gas of combustion chamber 110, second, prevent liquid Lubricating oil, which is inhaled into combustion chamber 110 and participates in burning, in pressure chamber 510 causes burn oil, and the 3rd, by the heat of combustion chamber through cylinder head Quickly pass.It is among this that fuel feed hole design of electronic oil pump is higher than the fuel feed hole of former engine oil pump, so Design can optimize the protection of lubricating system, when the lubrication oil consumption of engine is a certain amount of, because electronic oil pump Fuel feed hole is higher than the fuel feed hole of lubricating oil pump, and in the case where ensureing the lubricating condition of engine, electronic oil pump can not be just by the reduction of oil mass Often work, hydraulic cavities now cause compression ratio reduction to realize that reduction is started because no oil forces variable compressive piston to retract original position Machine rotating speed and power, prevent engine engine abnormity caused by losing oil and wear and tear in advance.

Fig. 4 further indicates that variable compressive is changed, the pressure with igniting by the change of throttle and engine speed Contracting than it is low when, the variable compressive piston 300 along the direction of cylinder head 100 retract, when engine loading moment is excessive, the compression Than low, the excessive judgement of the load transients is to increase change the moment based on gas pedal or twist grip throttle control, the throttle position When putting 1 more than engine speed 1（The throttle position 1 and engine speed 1, therein 1 is that throttle signal turns with tach signal The value of symbol of vehicle-mounted ECU identification is changed into, to realize contrast of the vehicle-mounted ECU to throttle position and engine speed, throttle here Position can be 10, and engine speed is 3, shows that the ratio that throttle adds is larger, and the rotating speed of engine be not relatively it is very high, two The drop of person is than larger, and now, vehicle-mounted ECU adjusts the retraction to variable compressive piston to 3, and the position of variable compressive piston is The judgement of vehicle-mounted ECU given by the unit of change in resistance based on position sensor, position sensor is arranged on cylinder head 100 It is used for detecting that the adjustable height of balancing pole is variable to judge between variable compressive piston 300 or on balancing pole 700 The stretching value of compression piston.That is, the relation of the compressed value three of throttle position, engine speed and variable compressive piston It is to be achieved with its point and ratio of numeral）, or when being in ramp when throttle position 1 is constant, engine speed 1 is reduced During less than throttle position 1, to reduce compression ratio in the retraction cylinder head 100 of variable compressive piston 300, increase engine power. When wherein described compression ratio is high, as shown in figure 3, the variable compressive piston 300 stretches out along cylinder direction, with the engine Load gradually step-down, the compression ratio gradually increases, the engine speed gradually rise up to 1 it is consistent with throttle position 1 when, institute State variable compressive piston 300 and stretch out the space realization raising that cylinder head 100 moves reduction combustion chamber 110 toward cylinder faying face 120 Compression ratio reduces the effect of fuel increase power to reach.

Wherein, when the engine loading moment is excessive, the duration of ignition steps back the regular hour by the current duration of ignition.Institute State engine loading moment it is excessive when, the excessive judgement of the load transients is to add the moment based on gas pedal or twist grip throttle control Big change, when the throttle position 1 is more than engine speed 1, or when being in ramp when throttle position is constant, engine turns When the reduction of speed 1 is less than throttle position 1, duration of ignition of vehicle-mounted ECU regulation ignition coil be allowed to it is current in the state of step back igniting, Igniting is namely postponed, prevents engine from producing pinking, increases engine power.

Further, when the engine loading gradually step-down, the duration of ignition gradually shifts to an earlier date, and is gradually restored to The current duration of ignition.With the engine loading gradually step-down, the engine speed gradually rises up to 1 and throttle position 1 When consistent, the duration of ignition of vehicle-mounted ECU regulation ignition coil is allowed to the advanced ignition in the state of current, to realize that increase is started Acc power.Further, the regulation of the duration of ignition, is the ratio based on throttle position and engine speed.And original base In pinking detection necessarily after generation, thus, it is necessary in the change of throttle position be the setting prior to pinking, so Be conducive to extension camshaft, rocking arm, when rule chain and cylinder, the service life of piston.

As shown in figure 5, a kind of can include a hydraulic cavities 510, the liquid with the cylinder head of compression ratio, the cylinder head 100 Pressure chamber 510 is connected with an inlet nozzle 500 and an aerial drainage mouth 520, and a slide opening 130 is provided with the cylinder head 100, and the slide opening is used In the insertion of balancing pole, the balance of the tracks of variable compressive piston and cylinder head is realized.The hydraulic cavities are close to combustion chamber 110 position is used to install variable compressive piston, that is to say, that variable compressive piston is installed into after cylinder head, variable compressive piston Cavity between cylinder head is exactly hydraulic cavities.

As shown in fig. 6, a kind of variable compressive piston 300, fox face and the cylinder head 100 of the variable compressive piston 300 The fox face of first combustion chamber 110 is curved, and the fox face of the variable compressive piston 300 constitutes the second combustion chamber, second combustion Burn room and the first acting jointly of combustion chamber 110 of cylinder head 100.The periphery of the variable compressive piston 300 is provided with least one Annular groove 410 and one protrudes a support column 900 from inner face, and support column 900 is designed with through hole 810, the fox face of second combustion chamber At least both sides are provided with the transfer port 310 for passing to inlet valve side and exhaust valve side, and the both sides refer to inlet valve and exhaust valve and The corresponding position in two combustion chambers.Especially in the start-up conditions, as shown in figure 1, the variable compressive piston 300 is in combustion chamber Faying face of the fox face less than combustion chamber 110 and the variable compressive piston 300, that is to say, that the variable compressive is lived Plug 300 is shunk in cylinder head 100, when such design is especially advantageous for starting, under the promotion of acting piston, combustion mixture quilt In the fox face for concentrating at the variable compressive piston 300, i.e. in the second combustion chamber, the mixing specific concentration of the second combustion chamber is improved, Cold is set more preferably to start.And under idling mode after the engine started, as shown in Fig. 2, the variable compressive piston 300 The fox face of second combustion chamber is combined face balance, the second combustion chamber fox face of the variable compressive piston 300 with the first combustion chamber 110 Fox face with the first combustion chamber 110 of cylinder head 100 is curved, in this state, and combustion mixture also can shape along combustion chamber Into a sphere or the conical surface, make the promotion of combustion mixture more steady, beneficial to the stability of idling.It is described as shown in Fig. 6,8 Transfer port 310 is when the variable compressive piston 300 is stretching out the fox face of the first combustion chamber, under high speed acting piston During row, inlet valve 200 is opened, and gas enters through transfer port 310 in second combustion chamber of the variable compressive piston 300, then passes through Transfer port 310 enters exhaust valve side, makes the gaseous mixture in the first combustion chamber and the second combustion chamber more balanced, and when in exhaust valve During opening, acting piston stroking upward pushes residual gas to exhaust valve from transfer port, makes more clean for next time in the second combustion chamber Storage incoming mixture is prepared, so as to improve the power of high speed and save fuel oil.Annular groove 410 is used to install sealing ring 400, Preferably trapezoidal mouth or the W shape mouthful of the opening of the sealing ring 400, after sealing ring loads cylinder head 100, the opening of sealing ring 400 Into sealing state under above-mentioned trapezoidal or W shapes design, the overlapping mouth after sealing will not produce vertical clearance gap mouthful, be effectively reduced The consumption of the sealed ring 400 of lubricating oil in hydraulic cavities 510, as shown in Figure 7.

The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention God is with principle, and any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc. should be included in the scope of the protection.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of method for controlling combustion-chamber shape in engine, comprising：Based on being adjusted under different engine to vapour The diverse location of the second combustion chamber in cylinder head in the first combustion chamber.

2. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the diverse location is to be based on being stored in cylinder head and pressure-variable The oil in hydraulic cavities between contracting piston.

3. method as claimed in claim 2, further regulation includes based on engine supplied to the oil in the hydraulic cavities Accelerate and increase oil capacity or oil capacity is reduced based on the deceleration of engine.

4. method as claimed in claim 2, further regulation includes based on engine supplied to the oil in the hydraulic cavities Load is increased and reduces oil capacity or reduced based on engine loading and increase oil capacity.

5. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the oil capacity bag that regulation is supplied in the engine cylinder head Include regulation electronic oil pump or relief valve.

6. the method as described in claim 3 or 4, it is characterised in that the increase oil capacity or reduction oil capacity can change Diverse location of second combustion chamber in the first combustion chamber is realized in the stretching or retraction of variable compressive piston.

7. method as claimed in claim 6, further in the start-up conditions, the fox face of second combustion chamber is less than the first combustion Burn room.

8. method as claimed in claim 6, further under idling mode after the engine started, second combustion chamber Fox face is combined face balance with the first combustion chamber, and the fox face of the second combustion chamber fox face and the first combustion chamber is curved or spheric Or cone-shaped.

9. method as claimed in claim 6, further when high speed does work descent of piston, the second combustion chamber is stretched out first and fired Burn the fox face position of room.

10. method as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that the fox face position of the first combustion chamber is stretched out in second combustion chamber When putting, transfer port is opened.