CN108343072A - A kind of barrel-type open caisson deep foundation pit support engineering method - Google Patents
A kind of barrel-type open caisson deep foundation pit support engineering method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108343072A CN108343072A CN201710045893.5A CN201710045893A CN108343072A CN 108343072 A CN108343072 A CN 108343072A CN 201710045893 A CN201710045893 A CN 201710045893A CN 108343072 A CN108343072 A CN 108343072A
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- Prior art keywords
- open caisson
- construction
- barrel
- sinking
- foundation pit
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/06—Foundation trenches ditches or narrow shafts
- E02D17/08—Bordering or stiffening the sides of ditches trenches or narrow shafts for foundations
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D23/00—Caissons; Construction or placing of caissons
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of barrel-type open caisson deep foundation pit support engineering methods, include the following steps：Preparation of construction, line setting, open caisson construction making, caisson sinking construction, base sealing, the observation of well sinking and correction, building foundation construction and building main body construction.The engineering method has the following advantages that：Speed of application is fast, work efficiency is high, saves construction material, is substantially reduced cost；Cylinder brick mix structure open caisson supporting construction has fine rigidity, and takes certain technical measures, can guarantee the stability of open caisson；Structure stress is preferable, only causes non-uniform soil pressure when sinking and tilting, penetration resistance is small, small to soil disturbance；The operation on the ground of cylinder brick mix structure open caisson can greatly reduce mud accumulation in construction, water level rises, while decreasing heavy excavation construction period, the busy work such as long-term digging mud and draining, drying；Cylinder brick mix structure open caisson construction labor intensity is low, construction safety.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of building construction more particularly to a kind of barrel-type open caisson deep foundation pit support engineering methods.
Background technology
For many years, due to a large amount of diversion irrigations, each agriculture and animal husbandry group of the Northwest field large area soil is caused, not because of level of ground water
Disconnected to rise, geological conditions constantly deteriorates, and extreme influence is brought to engineering construction.Especially the deep basal pit of some buildings is applied
Work, the liquefaction because of underground saturated water lead to the building or structures that are much located in silty mobile sand band, because foundation pit can not
Supporting and excavation shape and seriously affect the duration.In order to scientifically and rationally solve this problem, my relevant departments of company organization and
Professional technician, through exploratory development for many years, develops " barrel-type open caisson foundation pit support construction skill using construction Difficulties as project
Art " has grasped ripe construction technology and operating experience, in recent years, the project construction technology is through the success of multinomial engineering pilot
My company and go together at level of ground water higher deep pit digging supporting construction scene by large-scale popularization application, society and warp
Ji remarkable benefit.
Invention content
Technical problems based on background technology, the present invention propose a kind of barrel-type open caisson deep foundation pit support engineering method.
Technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of barrel-type open caisson deep foundation pit support engineering method, includes the following steps：Preparation of construction, line setting, open caisson construction make,
Caisson sinking construction, base sealing, the observation of well sinking and correction, building foundation construction and building main body are applied
Work.
Preferably, it is round or rectangle that the open caisson, which uses brick mix structure or concrete structure, open caisson,；
Preferably, the well body production method, includes the following steps：Knife foot collar tie beam is first made, well body masonry, structure are then made
Make column（One layer to each layer）, finally make collar tie beam（One layer to top layer）.
Preferably, the well body masonry uses " 31 " masonry method.Divide open caisson wall thickness to cylinder bottom, stack shell and cylinder top, three sections
Different-thickness, brick setting is connect with constructional column uses Da-maya raft, and horse tooth trough four moves back four into it is that quarter brick is long to move back platform；Every
One of 500mm high settings it is elongated match rib tape, reinforcing bar is φ 6, and per pass is arranged two, reinforcing bar binding connection, and the lap of splice is
300mm, reinforcing bar end must make 180○Crotch, cover to reinforcement cannot be less than 30mm, and specific schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 2.
Preferably, the ring beam structure column template is assembled using mirror surface formwork, the face that mirror surface formwork is contacted with concrete
Brush interleaving agent.
Preferably, open caisson manufacture segmentation carries out, and cast is built in segmentation by laying bricks or stones, and waits for the intensity of concrete and masonry mortar
Well sinking can be carried out by reaching 100% side.
The invention has the beneficial effects that：For the deep foundation pit construction of some buildings, the liquefaction because of underground saturated water
Effect, leads to the building or structures that are much located in silty mobile sand band, because foundation pit supporting and can not excavate forming due to serious shadow
The duration is rung, the present invention provides a kind of barrel-type open caisson deep foundation pit support engineering methods, including following advantage：
1 speed of application is fast, work efficiency is high, saves construction material, is substantially reduced cost.
2 cylinder brick mix structure open caisson supporting constructions have fine rigidity, and take certain technical measures, can guarantee open caisson
Stability.
3 structure stresses are preferable, only cause non-uniform soil pressure when sinking and tilting, penetration resistance is small, is disturbed to the soil body
It is dynamic small.
4 cylinder brick mix structure open caisson operations on the ground, generally can directly construct in place once or twice, can be big in construction
It is big to reduce mud accumulation, water level rising, while heavy excavation construction period is decreased, long-term digging mud and draining, drying etc.
Busy work.
5 cylinder brick mix structure open caisson construction labor intensity are low, construction safety.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the construction process figure of barrel-type open caisson deep foundation pit support engineering method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is " 31 " masonry method schematic diagram of well body masonry of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiment：
A kind of barrel-type open caisson deep foundation pit support engineering method, includes the following steps：Preparation of construction, line setting, open caisson construction make,
Caisson sinking construction, base sealing, the observation of well sinking and correction, building foundation construction and building main body are applied
Work.
It is round or rectangle that the open caisson, which uses brick mix structure or concrete structure, open caisson,；Size, pit shaft wall thickness root
It is determined according to open caisson depth and earthwork lateral pressure, is specifically shown in Table 1.
Table 1：Open caisson brick mix structure way classification chart：
The well body production method, includes the following steps：Knife foot collar tie beam is first made, well body masonry, constructional column are then made（One
Layer is to each layer）, finally make collar tie beam（One layer to top layer）.
The well body masonry uses " 31 " masonry method.Divide open caisson wall thickness to cylinder bottom, stack shell and cylinder top, it is three sections different thick
Degree, brick setting is connect with constructional column uses Da-maya raft, and horse tooth trough four moves back four into it is that quarter brick is long to move back platform；It is set every 500mm high
Set one it is elongated match rib tape, reinforcing bar is φ 6, and per pass is arranged two, reinforcing bar binding connection, lap of splice 300mm, reinforcing bar end
End must make 180○Crotch, cover to reinforcement cannot be less than 30mm.
The ring beam structure column template is assembled using mirror surface formwork, the face brush isolation that mirror surface formwork is contacted with concrete
Agent.
The open caisson manufacture segmentation carries out, and cast is built in segmentation by laying bricks or stones, and waits for that the intensity of concrete and masonry mortar reaches
100% side can carry out well sinking.
Caisson sinking construction：
1, open caisson must can be made to start to sink when the intensity of concrete and masonry mortar reaches 100%, it is preferably same wall to sink
Body thickness, strength portion all construction finish and intensity reach requirement after sink.
2, horizontal line and control line are popped up in open caisson outer wall and is arranged four in 15 meters from open caisson center symmetrical chiasmas of distance
Center controls stake.
3, when caisson sinking construction, it is necessary to assure the surrounding soil body must assure that with height, the backfill earthwork using same on the outside of pit shaft
Kind soil property.
4, the earthwork uses hand excavation, mechanical handling method to carry out in well.It gradually digs around, begins since open caisson centre
Keep the low surrounding in shaft bottom center high eventually, height difference is not less than 1m.
5, when shaft bottom cubic metre of earth moisture content is up to 50% or more, using artificial stirring, slush pump pumps excavation method and carries out.
6, such as because the earthwork of stack shell surrounding is with high, pit shaft lower ring is hanging, but when pit shaft does not sink, and stops excavating, using well
The symmetrical intubation water filling in cylinder outside, reduces the frictional force of barrel and the soil body, to the slow more water fillings in part of sinking, the fast part that sinks is few
Water filling.
7, it should stop excavating immediately, be excavated on the outside of top water filling or the borehole wall using lower part as tilted during well-sinking
Banket, part increase the methods of load rectify a deviation after correction can surrounding lower dig settles again simultaneously.
8, during well-sinking, forbid to apply external force to pit shaft using machinery or other weights, accelerate to sink.
Base sealing flattens shaft bottom as early as possible when well sinking to projected depth, and stabilization is kept to draw water, meanwhile, it adopts
Internal diameter is done with hacking and is no less than 500mm, and depth is not less than the sump of 1000mm, and sump uniformly divides along surrounding on the inside of barrel
Then cloth throws cobble since each sump periphery, pad gobi, and a power is respectively installed in sump and is not less than 3.5KW flows
Not less than 20m3/h, lift is not less than the immersible pump of 50 m, and according to shaft bottom water yield, simultaneously or separately starts immersible pump, no
Interruption is drawn water, and standing level 500mm below the bed course top surface of gobi is kept, and can be flattened ramming to gobi bed course, be started to make concrete pad
Layer.
The observation and correction of well sinking
Before well sinking, 4 vertical lines are first symmetrically popped up on open caisson outer wall, measure gradient and verticality when well sinking,
The top of four vertical lines hangs plumb bob, and surveyor observes open caisson verticality at any time.The data ratio that signalman measures according to surveyor
Compared with notifying worker to change construction direction or construction part at any time, to ensure the verticality of open caisson.
During well sinking, cylinder radius is detected always, it is found that radius differs, and bowlder, stopping construction be not to be checked for cylinder
After processing, construction can continue.
1, the observation of well sinking
In the sinking watching of open caisson, the elevation of the gradient and cutting shoe tread of open caisson should be often observed.In the depth of burying of cutting shoe
Degree not and open caisson height 1/3 when, answer emphasis observation open caisson pit shaft gradient；When caisson cutting edge tread elevation is sunk to away from setting
When counting elevation about 2m, the observation to stepping on elevation and deflection should be reinforced.
（1）, survey programmer
1）When cutting the earth, the verticality of open caisson pit shaft vertical line is observed at any time, when finding to have inclination, should be corrected in time.
2）During well sinking, position, the absolute altitude of open caisson are coped with（Sedimentation value）It is measured in time with verticality, every
Class at least measures twice（In class and after each sinking）, and perform record.
3）It if any inclination, displacement or torsion, should take measures to rectify a deviation in time, make deviation control within allowable range.
（2）, open caisson pit shaft vertical line gradient observation
The observation procedure of open caisson pit shaft vertical line gradient is：Observe preset 4 plumb bobs of shaft in wall cone whether
Bidding quotation center on opposite position respectively, when pit shaft glances off, plumb bob cone deflects away from bidding quotation central point, and plumb bob is hung
Line deflects away from the vertical line on shaft in wall.Deviate bidding quotation center according to plumb bob and deviates the orientation and size of the vertical line of shaft in wall
It rectifies a deviation.Generally sink front and back each observation every time once in open caisson.
（3）, caisson cutting edge tread elevation and deflection observation
The observation procedure of caisson cutting edge tread elevation and deflection is：It is pre-set at axial location on ground using outside open caisson
Horizontal cuing scale, the elevation of cutting shoe tread when measuring sinking respectively, the elevation of the forward and backward cutting shoe tread measured respectively twice
Difference, i.e. deflection；Elevation subtracts the i.e. total deflection of tread elevation when measuring sinking before cutting shoe tread sinks.Two corresponding points simultaneously
The positive and negative difference of height difference reading also illustrates that the inclined direction of open caisson pit shaft and inclined degree.Observation generally described above is being sunk every time
It is forward and backward each primary.
（4）, measure well sinking amount with spirit level or laser leveler and sink in cutting shoe tread elevation and pit shaft incline
Gradient.
Relatively accurately to measure dynamic cutting shoe tread elevation during well sinking, pit shaft gradient is calculated, generally
The elevation in well outer wall 4 symmetric points set in advance is measured with spirit level or laser leveler, then calculates the elevation of tread
（The difference of front and back elevation twice is deflection）, pit shaft inclination angle is calculated with the depth displacement of symmetrical point.
∠a=∠O=Sin-1BB/AB（Or arcSinBB '/AB）
The inclination angle of ∠ O-pit shaft in formula（″）；
The diameter of AB-pit shaft outer wall（m）；
The depth displacement of two corresponding points of BB '-（m）.
4, the correction of open caisson
There is pit shaft inclination often in sinking watching in open caisson（Crooked open caisson verticality is more than to allow limit）Open caisson position offset
（Open caisson axis generates displacement）When, reason should be analyzed immediately, rectified a deviation.
（1）, inclination of open caisson
1）The analysis of causes
1. the soft or hard unevenness of open caisson surrounding soil property；
2. not cutting the earth uniformly, make height difference great disparity in native face in open caisson；
3. cutting shoe side is stopped by barrier；
4. having spoir or heap object outside open caisson, loading is added on well and is unevenly distributed the bias caused to the borehole wall.
2）Correct inclined method
1. the method for correcting error of inclination of open caisson caused by open caisson surrounding soil property is soft or hard uneven and shoveling is improper has 3 kinds, i.e.,：
（A）Correction of cutting the earth is rectified a deviation that is, by adjusting the width of earthen platform is retained at the height difference of shoveling, and adjustment caisson cutting edge.
It cutting the earth the slower side of sinking more, gradually diging up the earthen platform at cutting shoe keeps cutting shoe hanging, and height is preferably 20cm,
It is preferably the 1/2 of open caisson diameter along cutting shoe surrounding length, the side is promoted to sink.Simultaneously in the faster side that sinks along four perimeter of cutting shoe
Degree is the width of earthen platform at more than 1/2 reservation cutting shoes of diameter；When such as soil body is soft at this, it should tamp or fill out rubble conduct and reinforce,
And heap rammed earth on ground outside pit shaft at this, to increase its drag and frictional resistance.It adopts with the aforedescribed process, such as once cannot
Deflection is all corrected, can be repeated by above-mentioned method, until meeting specification error.Normal sinking is then pressed to cut the earth.
（B）Jetting is rectified a deviation.Open caisson glanced off in sinking watching and with cut the earth correction it is still ineffective when, using sink compared with
Along outer wall surrounding injection pressure water outside the open caisson pit shaft of side, the soil at this is made to become mud, to reduce the drag of soil；Mud
Lubricating action is also played, reduces the frictional resistance between open caisson outer wall and soil, the side of open caisson higher one is promoted to sink rapidly.When correction connects
Should stop jetting when nearly normal position, and should by between open caisson outer wall and soil gap fine earth or sand fill.
（C）Part increases load correction.When being tilted during well-sinking, it can increase in the higher side of pit shaft
Load（Generally pressurizeed using iron block, sand bag）Or shaken with jarring machine, promote pit shaft upper side comparatively fast to sink.Generally, side
Method is suitable for the case where small-sized open caisson.
Above-mentioned several method for correcting error can be used alone, and can also integrate use.But deviation is found in time in well sinking leaf,
Timely correction of adopting an effective measure, control deflection are the key that control open caisson the center displacement ensures sinking quality.
It adopts and how to rectify a deviation, it be depending on live soil property, shaft section size, inclined degree and field condition.
2. causing the method for correcting error in inclination of open caisson face to be because cutting shoe side is stopped by barrier：
（A）Such as smaller boulder, boulder is taken out after surrounding soil being emptied；Larger boulder can use pneumatic tools or loosen quick-fried
Big boulder is broken into fritter and taken out by method；
（B）When non-drainage subsidence, explosion boulder is in addition to perforating explosion, it is also possible to which discharge jet draws hole below boulder, and powder charge will be broken
It is broken.
3. being tilted caused by adding loading on spoir outside well or heap object and well and being unevenly distributed.Its method for correcting error is：
（A）Spoir outside well or heap object are removed；
（B）The position for adding loading on well is adjusted, keeps its load uniform.
（2）, open caisson displacement
1）The analysis of causes
Displacement is found in well sinking, is caused by inclination mostly, when run-off the straight and oblique correction, well bore is often to side
Lower part increase larger pressure, thus generate certain displacement.The size of displacement with soil property situation and to the inclined number in side and
It is fixed.
2）The method for correcting displacement
1. the direction that control open caisson no longer deviates tilts.
2. it is intended that open caisson is tilted to the opposite direction of offset, after correcting inclination several times, you can be restored to correct position.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto,
Any one skilled in the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technique and scheme of the present invention and its
Inventive concept is subject to equivalent substitution or change, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of barrel-type open caisson deep foundation pit support engineering method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：Preparation of construction, line setting,
Open caisson construction making, caisson sinking construction, base sealing, the observation of well sinking and correction, building foundation construction and
Building main body construction.
2. barrel-type open caisson deep foundation pit support engineering method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the open caisson uses brick
Mixed structure or concrete structure, open caisson are round or rectangle.
3. barrel-type open caisson deep foundation pit support engineering method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the well body making side
Method includes the following steps：Knife foot collar tie beam is first made, well body masonry, constructional column is then made, finally makes collar tie beam.
4. barrel-type open caisson deep foundation pit support engineering method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the well body masonry uses
" 31 " masonry method：Cylinder bottom, stack shell and cylinder top, three sections of different-thickness, brick setting is divided to connect use with constructional column open caisson wall thickness
Da-maya raft, horse tooth trough four move back four into it is that quarter brick is long to move back platform；Every one of 500mm high settings it is elongated match rib tape, reinforcing bar is
φ 6, per pass are arranged two, and reinforcing bar binding connection, lap of splice 300mm, reinforcing bar end must make 180 0 crotches, reinforcing bar guarantor
Sheath cannot be less than 30mm.
5. barrel-type open caisson deep foundation pit support engineering method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the constructional column of the collar tie beam
Template is assembled using mirror surface formwork, the face brush interleaving agent that mirror surface formwork is contacted with concrete.
6. barrel-type open caisson deep foundation pit support engineering method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the open caisson manufacture segmentation
It carries out, cast is built in segmentation by laying bricks or stones, and waits for that the intensity of concrete and masonry mortar reaches 100% and carries out well sinking again.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710045893.5A CN108343072A (en) | 2017-01-22 | 2017-01-22 | A kind of barrel-type open caisson deep foundation pit support engineering method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710045893.5A CN108343072A (en) | 2017-01-22 | 2017-01-22 | A kind of barrel-type open caisson deep foundation pit support engineering method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111794265A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-10-20 | 五冶集团上海有限公司 | Method for constructing equipment foundation by isolating sludge |
| CN111794266A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-10-20 | 五冶集团上海有限公司 | Construction method of equipment foundation under silt geological condition in beach backfilling area |
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| US7921573B1 (en) * | 2009-03-23 | 2011-04-12 | Ric-Man Construction, Inc. | Monitoring verticality of a sinking caisson |
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2017
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| US7921573B1 (en) * | 2009-03-23 | 2011-04-12 | Ric-Man Construction, Inc. | Monitoring verticality of a sinking caisson |
| CN102454167A (en) * | 2010-10-21 | 2012-05-16 | 五冶集团上海有限公司 | Construction method for large ultra-deep well |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111794265A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-10-20 | 五冶集团上海有限公司 | Method for constructing equipment foundation by isolating sludge |
| CN111794266A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-10-20 | 五冶集团上海有限公司 | Construction method of equipment foundation under silt geological condition in beach backfilling area |
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