CN108342586A - A kind of slag system and its application method for smelting GH984G nickel-base alloys - Google Patents
A kind of slag system and its application method for smelting GH984G nickel-base alloys Download PDFInfo
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- CN108342586A CN108342586A CN201810266816.7A CN201810266816A CN108342586A CN 108342586 A CN108342586 A CN 108342586A CN 201810266816 A CN201810266816 A CN 201810266816A CN 108342586 A CN108342586 A CN 108342586A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/16—Remelting metals
- C22B9/18—Electroslag remelting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/023—Alloys based on nickel
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of slag system and its application method for smelting GH984G nickel-base alloys, the ingredient of the slag system includes 25~30% CaO, 20~25% Al by weight percentage2O3, 2~5% MgO, 4~7% TiO2, 1~3% SiO2It is CaF with remaining2.The slag system is suitable for T shape crystallizer stripping electric slag refusion and smelting GH984G high temperature alloys.The slag system provided through the invention, can be good at solving the problems, such as existing ingot casting during stripping electric slag refusion and smelting GH984G nickel base superalloys, oxidizable Elemental redistribution is uneven end to end and ingot surface quality is poor.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of slag systems and its application method for smelting GH984G nickel-base alloys, belong to alloy smelting skill
Art field.
Background technology
The superheater tube of thermal power generation boiler receives very high vapor (steam) temperature and vapour pressure during thermal power generation
Power, therefore very strict requirements are proposed to the material of superheater tube.Current American-European-Japanese be proposed is imitated with higher power generation
700~750 DEG C of advanced extra-supercritical unit (A-USC) research and development plans of rate.GH984G is one of candidate material therein.
The smelting process of production GH984G is vacuum induction melting (VIM) and vacuum consumable smelting (VAR) duplex at this stage
Technique.But VAR is poor to the removal ability of sulphur, and element sulphur is harmful element, it can be enriched in crystal boundary, form vulcanization
Object reduces the intensity of crystal boundary, and " hot-short " phenomenon occurs；In addition, the ingot surface quality that VAR techniques are smelted is very poor, it is often necessary to
Turning is carried out to ingot casting surface, causes the waste of material and the reduction of production efficiency, therefore production cost is higher.
Electroslag remelting ingot casting has the characteristics that ingredient is uniform, degree of purity is high, dense structure, therefore electroslag remelting is that high temperature closes
The important smelting means of gold.VAR techniques are compared, electroslag remelting equipment is simple, and producing cost is cheap, easy to operate, ingot casting surface
Bright and clean, thermoplasticity is good, and lumber recovery is high.Electroslag remelting product in terms of degree of purity be no less than vacuum arc remelting, desulfuration, go unless
Metallic inclusion is more than vacuum arc remelting, only the too late vacuum arc remelting of degassing (N, H, O), and excellent in terms of ingot casting crystallization
In vacuum arc remelting, compactness, the chemical composition uniformity of ingot structure are also more than vacuum arc remelting, are lacked without low power
It falls into, high yield rate.It is therefore proposed that the method using electroslag remelting smelts GH984G nickel base superalloys.
In order to improve the efficiency of smelting, stripping electroslag remelting technique is had developed.Since nickel-base alloy is to SiO in slag2Compared with
For sensitivity, it is easy to make Aluminum in Alloy and titanium oxidization burning loss, therefore in the slag system of stripping electric slag refusion and smelting high temperature alloy at this stage
In be required to do not contain SiO2.But since ingot casting during stripping and crystallizer have relative movement, solidification skull is by stripping
Frictional force in the process, thus in smelting process solidify skull can by drawing crack, can not again ingot casting surface formed it is uniform and thin
Skull, and then cause the surface quality for solidifying ingot casting poor.
In order to improve ingot surface quality during stripping, generally requires and a certain amount of SiO is added into slag2It can drop
The fusing point of low slag system, the high-temp plastic for improving skull.However due to SiO2With strong oxidizing property, transmitted at high temperature into molten steel
[O], and then lead to the oxidation of the active elements such as Al, Ti in steel, the uneven distribution of axial ingredient is shown as on ingot casting.Work as electricity
When the uneven components of slag remelting ingot casting, the mechanical property for producing product can be caused to generate larger fluctuation, reduce workpiece and be on active service
Time, result even in serious safety accident.
Invention content
(1) technical problems to be solved
In order to solve the above problem of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of slag for smelting GH984G nickel-base alloys
System.The slag system is suitable for stripping electric slag refusion and smelting GH984G nickel-base alloys, and the slag system provided through the invention can be fine
Solve the oxidizable Elemental redistribution end to end of existing ingot casting during stripping electric slag refusion and smelting GH984G nickel base superalloys
The uneven and poor problem of ingot surface quality.
(2) technical solution
In order to achieve the above object, the main technical schemes that the present invention uses include：
The ingredient of a kind of slag system for smelting GH984G nickel-base alloys, slag system is 25~30% by weight percentage
CaO, 20~25% Al2O3, 2~5% MgO, 4~7% TiO2, 1~3% SiO2It is CaF with remaining2。
Slag system as described above, it is preferable that the fusion temperature of the slag system is 1200~1350 DEG C.
Slag system as described above, it is preferable that resistivity of the slag system at 1600 DEG C is 0.362~0.545 Ω cm.
Slag system as described above, it is preferable that viscosity of the slag system at 1550 DEG C is 0.01125~0.02257Pa
s。
The application method of slag system as described above carries out stripping electric slag refusion and smelting using T shape crystallizers comprising following step
Suddenly：
S1, slag system as described above is taken, after being heated to 700~900 DEG C of 3~5h of baking, slow cooling to room temperature；
S2, striking operates for convenience, striking agent is placed in crystallizer, and Fluorspar Powder (fluorine is placed around striking agent
Change calcium)；
S3, protective atmosphere device is used at fire door, and be passed through argon gas；Carry out drop electrode arc striking operation；
S4, a part of slag charge being added when slag liquid face is not up to T shape sections after step S1 bakings, when slag liquid face reaches T shapes
When platform, remaining slag charge is added；
S5, slugging, smelting, stripping are carried out, is dropped power feeding operation stage by stage after smelting desired height ingot casting, is mended
It continues to be passed through argon gas after contracting, prevents air from passing oxygen.
Application method as described above, it is preferable that in step sl, the dosage of the slag charge is (400~1800) × D3 Knot
Kg, the DKnotFor the diameter of T shape crystallizers, unit m.
Application method as described above, it is preferable that in step s 2, the dosage of the Fluorspar Powder is 20~50g, and is added
The slag system after the S1 bakings of 100~150g steps.
Application method as described above, it is preferable that in step s3, in drop electrode arc striking operation, fire door voltage
For 32~50V.
Application method as described above, it is preferable that in step s 4, the quality of a part of slag charge is m1Kg, wherein
It is describedF is slag depth coefficient, and ρ is expressed as slag density, and π is pi.
Application method as described above, it is preferable that in step s 5, the time for being passed through the argon gas is 2~3h.
(3) advantageous effect
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
The present invention provides a kind of slag systems for stripping electric slag refusion and smelting GH984G nickel base superalloys, by this hair
Bright provided slag system, it is good to prepare surface quality, the more uniform GH984G high temperature alloys of Elemental redistribution, solves well
Oxidizable Elemental redistribution is uneven end to end for existing ingot casting during stripping electric slag refusion and smelting GH984G nickel base superalloys
The poor problem with ingot surface quality.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of T shape crystallizers；
Fig. 2 is the relationship of slag depth coefficient and crystallizer diameter.
【Reference sign】
1：Consutrode；
2：Slag bath；
3：Ingot casting；
4：Crystallizer；
5：Atmosphere protection device.
Specific implementation mode
It is oxidizable in order to solve Al, Ti existing during stripping electric slag refusion and smelting GH984G nickel base superalloys etc.
Element oxide and ingot surface quality problem, the present invention show that a certain amount of SiO is added in slag through numerous studies2Afterwards, can
Slag is set to be partial to acidity, slag is stablized in crystallization process to carry out, and the viscosity of slag will not mutate, and make smelting ingot casting table
The defects of slag inclusion, will not occur for face；Additionally due to SiO2Addition, make slag solidify after crystalline phase changed, skull
High-temp plastic and intensity all do not add SiO2Slag system be enhanced, so that slag is not broken during stripping
The phenomenon that splitting reduces the generation of bleed-out phenomenon.For this purpose, SiO in slag of the present invention2Content is controlled 1~3%.
For GH984G nickel base superalloys, oxidizable element al and Ti are contained in steel.Work as SiO2When content increases, in steel
The oxidation that Al, Ti element inevitably occurs, causes the phenomenon of ingot casting component distributing unevenness end to end.Since CaO can be notable
Ground reduces SiO in slag2Activity, while so that slag is ensured well-crystallized performance, reduce the oxidizable member such as Al, Ti in steel
The oxidation of element, for the present invention when designing slag system, the content appropriate for increasing CaO in slag to 25~30% reduces SiO2Xiang Gangzhong
Biography [O] ability, reduce the oxidation of the oxidizable element such as Al, Ti in steel.
Ti+Al can occur during smelting2O3=Al+TiO2Reaction, found by calculation of thermodynamics, work as slag
In TiO2Content can inhibit this progress reacted when larger, reduce the oxidation of Ti elements in steel.Thus in the present invention, it fits
When increase slag in TiO2Content reduces the oxidation of Ti elements in steel to 4~7%.
Suitable MgO is added in slag to form one and half solidification films on slag bath surface, can prevent slag bath oxygen uptake, and prevent
The oxide that only appraises at the current rate in slag is transmitted to metal bath to be supplied oxygen, to make oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen content in ingot casting reduce.But excessively high MgO
The viscosity of slag bath can be made to increase.For this purpose, the MgO in slag of the present invention is controlled 2~5%.
During being used for stripping electric slag refusion and smelting GH984G nickel base superalloys using T shape crystallizers, in order to protect
The good surface quality in ingot casting lower part is demonstrate,proved, smelting is added using being divided into two parts.
In order to preferably explain the present invention, in order to understand, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, by specific implementation mode, to this hair
It is bright to be described in detail.
Embodiment 1
T shape crystallizers as shown in Figure 1, consutrode 1, slag bath 2, ingot casting 3, crystallizer 4, atmosphere are used in the present embodiment
Protective device 5.The relationship of its slag depth coefficient and crystallizer diameter is as shown in Figure 2.
In the present embodiment, it is diameter 260mm to smelt crystallizer, stripping electric slag refusion and smelting nickel base superalloy slag system
Chemical composition is configured by following mass percent：CaF2：41%, CaO：30%；Al2O3：20%；MgO：3%；TiO2：
5%；SiO2：1%.The fusing point of the slag system is 1221 DEG C, and in 1600 DEG C of temperature, the density of stripping slag system is 2.64gcm-3,
Resistivity is 0.46 Ω cm.
Weigh above-mentioned the configured slag charges of 20kg, before smelting high temperature alloy, be first put into Muffle furnace after 800 DEG C of baking 3h with
Stove cools down.
Protective atmosphere device is used at fire door, and is passed through argon gas；It is operated in order to facilitate striking, in drawing for T shape crystallizers
Fritting slag charge after placement 40g Fluorspar Powders (calcirm-fluoride) and 150g are toasted around arc agent；And in the crystallizer fire door voltage of 36V
Decline electrode and carries out striking.
Remaining slag charge is divided into two batches, smelting crystallizer is added, 15kg slags are added before slag liquid face is not up to T shape sections
Material, remaining slag charge is added after slag liquid face reaches T shape sections.
The voltage of slugging phase is 39V, electric current 3500A in smelting process, and voltage value is 39V, electric current after melting is stablized
For 4800A, it is 160kgh to smelt stable molten speed-1。
The time of stripping is controlled by the way of level sensing signal.When level sensing begins with signal, proceed by
Stripping operates, and the stripping speed for stablizing smelt stage is 6.2mmmin-1。
Power feeding operation is dropped stage by stage after smelting desired height ingot casting, continues to be passed through argon gas after feeding
3h prevents air from passing oxygen.Wherein, stage by stage drop power feeding operation refer to after smelting, if suddenly reduce power it is excessive,
The Solidification Quality on ingot casting top can be caused poor, be to drop power stage by stage, and dropping work(every time using drop power operation stage by stage
Certain time is kept after rate, keeps the Solidification Quality on ingot casting top finer and close.
The chemical composition analysis that Ti, Al and Si element in steel are carried out to the ingot casting different height after smelting, using ICP
Composition detection is carried out, chemical analysis results are as shown in table 1, and it is uniform along ingot casting to can be seen that Ti, Al element from detection and analysis result
Distribution；The surface quality of ingot casting is smooth, does not occur the surface defects such as slag runner, fold, pipe.
Al, Ti and Si content of table 1GH984G nickel-base alloy different locations
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment with embodiment 1, the difference is that, for stripping electric slag refusion and smelting nickel base superalloy slag system
Chemical composition mass percent is：CaF2：42%, CaO：25%；Al2O3：22%；MgO：3%；TiO2：6%；SiO2：2%.It should
The fusing point of slag system is 1263 DEG C, and in 1600 DEG C of temperature, the density of the stripping slag system is 2.60gcm-3, resistivity 0.51
Ω·cm。
In the present embodiment, the slag charge 20kg configured is first weighed.Before smelting high temperature alloy, the slag charge configured is put into horse
Not cool down slow cooling to room temperature with stove after 800 DEG C of baking 4h in stove.
Protective atmosphere device is used at fire door, and is passed through argon gas；It is operated in order to facilitate striking, in drawing for T shape crystallizers
Fritting slag charge after placement 25g Fluorspar Powders (calcirm-fluoride) and 100g are toasted around arc agent；And in the crystallizer fire door voltage of 36V
Decline electrode and carries out striking.
Remaining slag charge is divided into two batches to be added, 16kg slag charges are added before slag liquid face is not up to T shape sections, when slag liquid face reaches
Remaining slag charge is added after to T shape sections.
The voltage of slugging phase is 39V in smelting process in the present embodiment, and electric current 3800A, voltage value is after melting is stablized
39V, electric current 4800A, it is 160kgh to smelt stable molten speed-1。
Power feeding operation is dropped stage by stage after smelting desired height ingot casting, continues to be passed through argon gas after feeding
2h prevents air from passing oxygen.
The chemical composition analysis of Ti, Al and Si element in steel, chemistry point are carried out to the ingot casting different height after smelting
The results are shown in Table 2 for analysis, and can be seen that Ti, Al element from detection and analysis result is uniformly distributed along ingot casting.The surface quality of ingot casting
It is smooth, do not occur the surface defects such as slag runner, fold, pipe.
Al, Ti and Si content of table 2GH984G nickel-base alloy different locations
Comparative example 1
Chemical composition mass percent for stripping electric slag refusion and smelting nickel base superalloy slag system is：CaF2：46%,
CaO：25%；Al2O3：20%；MgO：3%；TiO2：6%.The fusing point of the slag system is 1284 DEG C, described in 1600 DEG C of temperature
The density of stripping slag system is 2.62gcm-3, resistivity is 0.45 Ω cm.
The smelting crystallizer used is T-type crystallizer, and the slag charge used is 20kg.Before smelting high temperature alloy, it will be configured
Slag charge be put into Muffle furnace after 850 DEG C of baking 3h and cool down slow cooling to room temperature with stove.
Protective atmosphere device is used at fire door, and is passed through argon gas；It is operated in order to facilitate striking, in drawing for T shape crystallizers
Fritting slag charge after placement 50g Fluorspar Powders (calcirm-fluoride) and 130g are toasted around arc agent；And in the crystallizer fire door voltage of 36V
Decline electrode and carries out striking.
Remaining slag charge is divided into two batches to be added, 14kg slag charges are added before slag liquid face is not up to T shape sections, when slag liquid face
Remaining slag charge is added after reaching T shape sections.
The voltage of slugging phase is 39V, electric current 3800A in smelting process, and voltage value is 39V, electric current after melting is stablized
For 4800A, it is 160kgh to smelt stable molten speed-1。
The time of stripping is controlled by the way of level sensing signal.When level sensing begins with signal, proceed by
Stripping operates, and the stripping speed for stablizing smelt stage is 6.2mmmin-1。
Power feeding operation is dropped stage by stage after smelting desired height ingot casting, continues to be passed through argon gas after feeding,
Prevent air from passing oxygen.
The chemical composition analysis of Ti, Al and Si element in steel, chemistry point are carried out to the ingot casting different height after smelting
The results are shown in Table 3 for analysis, and can be seen that Ti, Al element from detection and analysis result is uniformly distributed along ingot casting.But ingot surface quality
There is the defects of slag runner.
Al, Ti and Si content of 3 nickel-base alloy different location of table
Comparative example 2
The chemical composition mass percent of the stripping electric slag refusion and smelting nickel base superalloy slag system of this comparative example is：
CaF2：42%, CaO：25%；Al2O3：20%；MgO：3%；TiO2：5%；SiO2：5%.Its fusing point is 1231 DEG C, at 1600 DEG C
When temperature, the density of the stripping slag system is 2.57gcm-3, resistivity is 0.50 Ω cm.
This comparative example, which uses, smelts crystallizer for T-type crystallizer, and the slag charge used is 20kg.It, will before smelting high temperature alloy
The 20kg slag charges configured are put into Muffle furnace after 850 DEG C of baking 3h with stove cooling furnace cooling to room temperature.
Protective atmosphere device is used at fire door, and is passed through argon gas；It is operated in order to facilitate striking, in drawing for T shape crystallizers
Fritting slag charge after placement 30g Fluorspar Powders (calcirm-fluoride) and 140g are toasted around arc agent；And in the crystallizer fire door voltage of 36V
Decline electrode and carries out striking.
Remaining slag charge is divided into two batches to be added, 15kg slag charges are added before slag liquid face is not up to T shape sections, when slag liquid face
Remaining slag charge is added after reaching T shape sections.
The voltage of slugging phase is 39V, electric current 3800A in smelting process, and voltage value is 39V after melting is stablized, and electric current is
4800A, it is 160kgh to smelt stable molten speed-1。
The time of stripping is controlled by the way of level sensing signal.When level sensing begins with signal, proceed by
Stripping operates, and the stripping speed for stablizing smelt stage is 6.2mmmin-1。
Power feeding operation is dropped stage by stage after smelting desired height ingot casting, continues to be passed through argon gas after feeding,
Prevent air from passing oxygen.
The chemical composition analysis of Ti, Al and Si element in steel, chemistry point are carried out to the ingot casting different height after smelting
Analysis the results are shown in Table 4, from detection and analysis result can be seen that Ti, Al element along ingot casting be distributed it is very uneven, ingot casting is end to end
Fluctuation is very big, but ingot surface quality is good.
Al, Ti and Si content of 4 nickel-base alloy different location of table
Illustrated by comparative example 1 and 2, is not adding SiO2In the case of, difference is small end to end partially for Al, Ti and Si element, but
It is that ingot surface quality the defects of slag runner occurs, works as SiO2When excessive addition is as being 5%, ingot surface quality it is good but its
Ti, Al element are very uneven along ingot casting distribution, therefore illustrate SiO2Content influences the quality of GH984G nickel base superalloys
It is larger.The ingredient suitable proportion of the slag system of GH984G nickel base superalloys of the present invention is avoided that in stripping electric slag refusion and smelting process
In the presence of ingot casting oxidizable Elemental redistribution is uneven end to end and the poor problem of ingot surface quality.
The above described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, being not the limitation for doing other forms to the present invention, appoint
What those skilled in the art can be changed or be modified as the equivalence enforcement of equivalent variations using technology contents disclosed above
Example.But it is every without departing from technical solution of the present invention content, according to the technical essence of the invention to appointing made by above example
What simple modification, equivalent variations and remodeling, still falls within the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of for smelting the slag systems of GH984G nickel-base alloys, which is characterized in that the ingredient of its slag system is by weight percentage
25~30% CaO, 20~25% Al2O3, 2~5% MgO, 4~7% TiO2, 1~3% SiO2It is with remaining
CaF2。
2. slag system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the fusion temperature of the slag system is 1200~1350 DEG C.
3. slag system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that resistivity of the slag system at 1600 DEG C be 0.362~
0.545Ω·cm。
4. slag system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that viscosity of the slag system at 1550 DEG C be 0.01125~
0.02257Pa·s。
5. the application method of slag system as described in any one of claim 1-4 carries out stripping electroslag remelting smelting using T shape crystallizers
Refining, which is characterized in that it includes the following steps：
S1, slag system as described in claim 1 is taken, after being heated to 700~900 DEG C of 3~5h of baking, slow cooling to room temperature；
S2, striking agent is placed in crystallizer, and place Fluorspar Powder around striking agent；
S3, protective atmosphere device is used at fire door, and be passed through argon gas；Carry out drop electrode arc striking operation；
S4, a part of slag charge being added when slag liquid face is not up to T shape sections after step S1 bakings, when slag liquid face reaches T shape platforms
When, add remaining slag charge；
S5, slugging, smelting, stripping are carried out, is dropped power feeding operation, feeding knot stage by stage after smelting desired height ingot casting
It continues to be passed through argon gas after beam.
6. application method as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that in step sl, the dosage of the slag charge be (400~
1800)×D3 KnotKg, the DKnotFor the diameter of T shape crystallizers, unit m.
7. application method as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that in step s 2, the dosage of the Fluorspar Powder is 20~
50g, and the slag system after the S1 bakings of 100~150g steps is added.
8. application method as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that in step s3, in drop electrode arc striking operation,
Fire door voltage is 32~50V.
9. application method as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that in step s 4, the quality of a part of slag charge is
m1Kg, wherein describedF is slag depth coefficient, and ρ is expressed as slag density, and π is pi.
10. the application method as described in any one of claim 5-9, which is characterized in that in step s 5, be passed through the argon gas
Time be 2~3h.
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| CN111139365A (en) * | 2020-03-02 | 2020-05-12 | 上海一郎合金材料有限公司 | Slag system for smelting GH3625 nickel-based alloy containing rare earth Ce and electroslag remelting method thereof |
| CN111394591A (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2020-07-10 | 江苏星火特钢有限公司 | Slag system for electroslag remelting high-temperature alloy and use method |
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| CN111705219A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-09-25 | 重庆钢铁研究所有限公司 | Slag system for electroslag remelting high-titanium high-silicon stainless steel and preparation method thereof |
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| CN113523246A (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2021-10-22 | 青岛力晨新材料科技有限公司 | Method for preparing bimetal composite plate by electroslag casting |
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| CN111534713B (en) * | 2020-07-07 | 2020-10-16 | 北京钢研高纳科技股份有限公司 | Purification treatment method of cast high-temperature alloy return material and high-temperature alloy |
| CN112410573A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-02-26 | 东北大学 | Slag system for smelting Ce-containing Fe-Ni soft magnetic alloy and use method thereof |
| CN112410573B (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2022-03-22 | 东北大学 | Slag system for smelting Ce-containing Fe-Ni soft magnetic alloy and use method thereof |
| CN113523246A (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2021-10-22 | 青岛力晨新材料科技有限公司 | Method for preparing bimetal composite plate by electroslag casting |
| CN115287463A (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2022-11-04 | 东北大学 | Slag system for electroslag remelting N06625 nickel-based alloy welding material, preparation method and use method |
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