CN108341737B - Rectification polymerization inhibitor of aromatic olefin monomer, preparation method and application method thereof - Google Patents
Rectification polymerization inhibitor of aromatic olefin monomer, preparation method and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108341737B CN108341737B CN201710051328.XA CN201710051328A CN108341737B CN 108341737 B CN108341737 B CN 108341737B CN 201710051328 A CN201710051328 A CN 201710051328A CN 108341737 B CN108341737 B CN 108341737B
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- C07C7/04—Purification; Separation; Use of additives by distillation
- C07C7/05—Purification; Separation; Use of additives by distillation with the aid of auxiliary compounds
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- C07C7/20—Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation
Abstract
The invention relates to a rectification polymerization inhibitor of an arene monomer, a preparation method and an application method thereof, wherein the rectification polymerization inhibitor comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-40 parts of N-substituted alkyl hydroxylamine compound, 1-20 parts of nonionic polyacrylamide and 100 parts of alkyl amide compound. The invention improves the polymerization inhibition efficiency and reduces the polymerization rate of the arene monomer in the production process, thereby improving the product yield; the polymerization inhibitor is endowed with a wetting function, so that the polymerization inhibitor can play a polymerization inhibition role and simultaneously timely wet and disperse adhesive substances adhered to the wall or the surface of the filler, the defects that the polymerization inhibitor can only be compounded by a retarder and a real polymerization inhibitor in the prior art, the polymerization inhibitor is easy to separate out along with temperature change, the polymerization inhibition effect is poor, and the filler and a pipeline are blocked by polymers are overcome, and the multifunctional polymerization inhibitor is small in toxicity, good in polymerization inhibition effect, difficult to separate out at low temperature and capable of wetting and dispersing the adhesive substances, so that the rectification yield of the arene monomer is improved, the pollution is reduced, and the potential safety hazard is eliminated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a rectification polymerization inhibitor of an arene monomer, a preparation method and an application method thereof.
Background
Aromatic olefin monomers are chemically active, for example, styrene is an important polymerized monomer, can be polymerized by itself or with other monomers, and is widely used in the fields of synthetic high polymer materials, coatings, medicines and the like. Styrene can undergo a slow thermally-activated polymerization reaction at ambient temperature, with the higher the temperature, the faster the polymerization rate. In order to reduce the polymerization loss in the styrene rectification process and ensure the normal operation of a rectification system, a polymerization inhibitor must be added in the rectification process.
Since the industrial production of styrene monomers, people are constantly developing styrene rectification polymerization inhibitors to reduce the toxicity of the polymerization inhibitors, improve the polymerization inhibition efficiency and reduce the loss in the styrene processing process; during the period, some low-toxicity and high-efficiency polymerization inhibitor varieties are used on styrene production devices. There are two main categories of these inhibitors: a real polymerization inhibitor such as nitroxide radical compound, which generates a long induction period, and a retarder, which stops each radical during the induction period to completely stop the polymerization, so that substantially no polymer is generated during the induction period. Once the induction period is over, a large amount of polymer begins to be produced, so that a real polymerization inhibitor is used, and the safety hazards of easy free radical consumption, short service life and monomer implosion are existed. Retarders such as nitrophenol compounds are chemically stable and have little failure in the polymerization inhibition process, but only terminate a part of free radicals to slow down the polymerization reaction and do not generate an obvious induction period in the use process, so that the content of the polymer is slowly increased all the time.
In order to overcome the defects of the two polymerization inhibitors, domestic and foreign scholars compound the real polymerization inhibitor and the retarder, which can prolong the polymerization induction period and reduce the polymerization rate after the induction period, thereby playing the role of reducing polymers and playing the role of so-called synergistic effect.
CN102070394A discloses a scale inhibitor for a styrene rectification system, which is prepared by compounding five components of a butyl phenol antioxidant, a nitrophenol polymerization inhibitor, a hydroxylamine polymerization inhibitor, a succinimide dispersant, ethylbenzene and other benzene solvents, wherein the antioxidant accounts for 5-20%, the nitrophenol polymerization inhibitor accounts for 5-35%, the hydroxylamine polymerization inhibitor accounts for 5-35%, the dispersant accounts for 5-40% and the organic solvent accounts for 35-60%. The organic solvent is selected from one of toluene, ethylbenzene or xylene. The technical problem to be solved is to inhibit the dirt generated in the rectification process of the styrene and disperse the dirt adhered on the surface of the equipment, thereby prolonging the operation period of the styrene device. The polymerization inhibitor component utilizes the synergistic effect between the real polymerization inhibitor and the retarder to improve the polymerization inhibition effect. However, the polymerization inhibitor has complex preparation process, needs the working procedures of heating, dissolving, filtering and the like, and has high production cost and high toxicity.
CN104193576 relates to a super-strong multifunctional styrene polymerization inhibitor and a use method thereof, which are used in the styrene refining process. It consists of component A, component B and organic solvent, wherein component A is diamino anthraquinone matter, and component B is dihydroThe organic solvent is aromatic hydrocarbon. The mass ratio of the component A to the component B is 0.1-10: 1, and the dosage of the organic solvent is that the kinematic viscosity of the polymerization inhibitor is kept to be less than or equal to 5mm at 40 DEG C2(ii) a range of/s. The polymerization inhibitor effectively prolongs the running time of a styrene device, improves the yield and the quality of styrene products, reduces the discharge amount of tar of the styrene device, and has no any adverse effect on the subsequent product processing. However, the polymerization inhibitor used in this patent is expensive and solid, and similarly requires a step of dissolution, filtration, etc., and also has a problem of precipitation at low temperature. The formula of the anti-scaling agent does not contain a dispersing agent, and the anti-scaling effect can be influenced. The solvent is aromatic hydrocarbon and has toxicity.
US5446220 discloses a polymerization inhibiting effect of styrene polymerization inhibitor compounded by oxime compound, hydroxylamine compound and phenylenediamine compound under oxygen-free condition, the polymerization inhibitor is composed according to a certain proportion, when the dosage is 600mg/kg, the polymer content is 0.24% under the condition of heating at 120 ℃ for 2h, the formed compound polymerization inhibitor has obviously improved polymerization inhibiting effect compared with single component with the same concentration, the toxicity is lower than that of the phenol compound, the use temperature is higher, and the compound polymerization inhibitor is suitable for the rectification process of styrene. However, the polymerization inhibitor has no dispersing function, and oligomers are easy to adhere to the wall of the polymerization inhibitor and gather, so that the polymerization inhibiting effect is influenced.
CN102249842A describes a high-efficiency environment-friendly polymerization inhibitor of styrene, which is also a compound polymerization inhibitor and consists of a nitroxide free radical compound, a hydroxylamine compound, a nitrophenol compound and a phosphite compound.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a rectification polymerization inhibitor of an arene monomer, a preparation method and an application method thereof, which improve the polymerization inhibition efficiency and reduce the polymerization rate of the arene monomer in the production process, thereby improving the product yield; the polymerization inhibitor is endowed with a wetting function, so that the polymerization inhibitor can play a polymerization inhibition role and simultaneously timely wet and disperse adhesive substances adhered to the wall or the surface of the filler, the defects that the polymerization inhibitor can only be compounded by a retarder and a real polymerization inhibitor in the prior art, the polymerization inhibitor is easy to separate out along with temperature change, the polymerization inhibition effect is poor, and the filler and a pipeline are blocked by polymers are overcome, and the multifunctional polymerization inhibitor is small in toxicity, good in polymerization inhibition effect, difficult to separate out at low temperature and capable of wetting and dispersing the adhesive substances, so that the rectification yield of the arene monomer is improved, the pollution is reduced, and the potential safety hazard is eliminated.
The rectification polymerization inhibitor for the arene monomer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
10-40 parts of N-substituted alkyl hydroxylamine compound, 1-20 parts of nonionic polyacrylamide and 100 parts of alkyl amide compound.
The raw materials are preferably 15-35 parts of N-substituted alkyl hydroxylamine compound, 5-15 parts of nonionic polyacrylamide and 100 parts of alkyl amide compound according to the following formula.
The rectification polymerization inhibitor of the arene monomer also comprises a small amount of or trace amount of solvent.
The solvent is water, alcohol solvent or benzene; the alcohol is methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, ethylene glycol or propylene glycol; the benzene is toluene, ethylbenzene or styrene.
The N-substituted alkyl hydroxylamine compound is one of N, N-diethylhydroxylamine, N-isopropylhydroxylamine, N, N-hydroxypropyl hydroxylamine, N, N-hydroxyethyl hydroxylamine, N, N-di-tert-butylhydroxylamine, N, N-bis (N-dodecyl) hydroxylamine, N, N-ethylhydroxyethyl hydroxylamine, N, N-propylhydroxypropyl hydroxylamine or a mixture of a plurality of compounds.
The molecular weight of the nonionic polyacrylamide is 200-1500 ten thousand.
The non-ionic polyacrylamide is a wetting agent and an auxiliary polymerization inhibitor, can timely wet the low polymer adhered to the wall of the device, enables the low polymer to be dissolved and dispersed in the arene monomer, timely removes the rectifying tower, prevents the high polymer from being further aggregated and polymerized, thereby solving the problem that the polymer blocks the pipeline, plays the role of the wetting agent and the auxiliary polymerization inhibitor, and has the molecular weight of 200-1500 ten thousand, preferably 500-1200 ten thousand.
The polysubstituted alkylbenzene compounds are N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, N-methylformamide, N-methylsuccinamide, N, N-dimethylpropionamide, N-2, 3-trimethyl-2-isopropylbutanamide, N, N-diethyldodecanamide, N, N-dimethyloxamide or N-methoxy-N-methylacetamide.
The polysubstituted alkylbenzene compounds have the functions of dissolving polymerization inhibitor, assisting in wetting and dispersing polymers, and playing the roles of dispersing agent and dissolving.
The compound polymerization inhibitor is preferably N, N-hydroxypropyl hydroxylamine, nonionic polyacrylamide with the molecular weight of 600 ten thousand and N, N-dimethylformamide; n, N-di-tert-butylhydroxylamine, a non-ionic polyacrylamide with a molecular weight of 1000 ten thousand in combination with N-methoxy-N-methylacetamide.
The preparation method of the rectification polymerization inhibitor for the arene monomer comprises the step of mixing 10-40 parts of N-substituted alkyl hydroxylamine compound, 1-20 parts of non-ionic polyacrylamide and 100 parts of alkyl amide compound, and the mixture is fully and uniformly stirred at the room temperature.
The application method of the rectification polymerization inhibitor of the aromatic olefin monomer is characterized in that the polymerization inhibitor is used in the rectification process of the aromatic olefin monomer, the dosage of the compound polymerization inhibitor is 0.001-0.08 percent, preferably 0.008-0.04 percent relative to the mass of the aromatic olefin monomer, the vacuum degree in the rectification process is 0.005-0.1Mpa, and the rectification temperature is 90-160 ℃.
The polymerization inhibitor comprises three components, wherein an N-substituted alkyl hydroxylamine compound is a component A, nonionic polyacrylamide is a component B, and an alkyl amide compound is a component C.
The high-efficiency polymerization inhibitor for the rectification process of the aromatic olefin monomer mainly comprises the polymerization inhibitor, a wetting agent (polymerization assistant) and a dispersing agent, has low price of the components of the formula and strong synergistic effect of the three components, effectively improves the polymerization inhibition wetting effect and reduces the use cost of the polymerization inhibitor. Wherein, the N-substituted alkyl hydroxylamine compound is a real polymerization inhibitor, has high polymerization inhibition efficiency in the induction period and can stop the chain growth of active free radicals; the inhibitor has strong compounding synergistic effect with wetting agent (polymerization inhibitor) nonionic polyacrylamide, and can play a role in inhibiting polymerization while wetting the wall of the container or filling adhesive to prevent further polymerization of aromatic olefin, thereby prolonging the induction period of the real polymerization inhibitor and greatly improving the polymerization inhibition effect; the dispersant is an alkyl amide compound, and also generates a synergistic effect with the main polymerization inhibitor, and meanwhile, the amide compound has strong dissolving and dispersing capabilities, and under the action of the components B and C, the dispersant can disperse adhesive substances generated in a tower bottom or filler of the rectifying tower into materials, and can be timely discharged along with distillate at the tower top or the tower bottom, so that the phenomena of aggregation or further polymerization, pipeline blockage and filler use efficiency reduction are effectively avoided, and the purposes of improving polymerization inhibition efficiency and product rectification yield and realizing safe operation of the device are achieved. Therefore, the invention fully utilizes the synergistic effect of the three components, can effectively prolong the operation period of the arene rectifying device, reduce the tar yield in the rectifying process of an industrial device and avoid the condition of reducing the packing efficiency or blocking a pipeline.
The compound polymerization inhibitor is in a liquid state at normal temperature, the main polymerization inhibitor component is also liquid at normal temperature, and no compound is precipitated at low temperature. The polymerization inhibitor is gradually consumed in the rectification process of the arene monomer, so that the polymerization inhibitor is supplemented properly in the rectification process to ensure that enough polymerization inhibitor in the device plays a polymerization inhibition role, and the polymerization inhibitor solution is added in a continuous mode in production to ensure that the dosage of the polymerization inhibitor meets the minimum use requirement.
The compound polymerization inhibitor is used in negative pressure high temperature rectification of aromatic olefin and has maximum use temperature over 160 deg.c.
The compound polymerization inhibitor belongs to an aerobic polymerization inhibitor, and the polymerization inhibition effect can be enhanced by the existence of a small amount of oxygen.
The compound polymerization inhibitor can be used in the production process of aromatic olefin monomers, is particularly suitable for the negative pressure high temperature rectification process, and can also be popularized to the application of the aromatic olefin monomers in the transportation, storage and use processes so as to improve the purity of the aromatic olefin monomers, reduce the cost and eliminate potential safety hazards.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the rectification polymerization inhibitor of the arene monomer fully utilizes the synergistic effect among the components, and overcomes the defects that the prior art only can be compounded by a plurality of real polymerization inhibitors and retarder, the polymerization inhibitor is easy to separate out along with the temperature change, the polymerization inhibition effect is poor, the polymer blocks the filler and the pipeline, and only has the polymerization inhibition effect.
(2) The invention relates to a compound polymerization inhibitor. The polymerization inhibitor has the functions of timely wetting and dispersing the adhesive adhered to the wall of the apparatus or the surface of the filler and preventing further polymerization to form high polymer, effectively prolongs the operation period of the arene monomer apparatus, improves the polymerization inhibition efficiency, and has better economic and social benefits.
(3) The compound polymerization inhibitor and the main component thereof are liquid at normal temperature, are not easy to precipitate at low temperature, improve the solubility of the compound polymerization inhibitor in aromatic olefin, can be directly added into a rectification device for use, do not precipitate even in winter, have stable polymerization inhibition performance and are more convenient to operate and use.
(4) According to the compound polymerization inhibitor, the price of the component C is far lower than that of the component A, so that the cost of the polymerization inhibitor is effectively reduced, the synergistic effect among the three components is fully exerted, the toxicity is low, and the polymerization inhibition effect is improved while the cost of the auxiliary agent is reduced.
The invention improves the polymerization inhibition efficiency and reduces the polymerization rate of the arene monomer in the production process, thereby improving the product yield; the polymerization inhibitor is endowed with a wetting function, so that the polymerization inhibitor can play a polymerization inhibition role and simultaneously timely wet and disperse adhesive substances adhered to the wall or the surface of the filler, the defects that the polymerization inhibitor can only be compounded by a retarder and a real polymerization inhibitor in the prior art, the polymerization inhibitor is easy to separate out along with temperature change, the polymerization inhibition effect is poor, and the filler and a pipeline are blocked by polymers are overcome, and the multifunctional polymerization inhibitor is small in toxicity, good in polymerization inhibition effect, difficult to separate out at low temperature and capable of wetting and dispersing the adhesive substances, so that the rectification yield of the arene monomer is improved, the pollution is reduced, and the potential safety hazard is eliminated.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which, however, are not intended to limit the practice of the invention.
Examples 1 to 9
The A, B, C three components are weighed according to a certain proportion and added into a four-mouth flask together with styrene, a condenser is added above the four-mouth flask, air in the system is replaced by nitrogen for 10 minutes to reduce the oxygen content in the flask, then the system is sealed, the four-mouth flask is placed in a constant temperature heater for heating, the temperature is kept constant at 125 ℃ for a certain time, and the polystyrene content in the styrene is sampled and analyzed.
The amount of polymer formed was determined gravimetrically: the characteristic that the polymer is insoluble in methanol is utilized, sufficient dry methanol is added into a sample to ensure that the polymer is completely precipitated, and then the mass of the generated polymer can be obtained through filtration, drying, weighing and constant weight. The experimental result is shown in table 1, wherein the components of the polymerization inhibitor in the table are in parts by mass; the adding amount of the polymerization inhibitor refers to the mass portion of the compound polymerization inhibitor in the styrene, wherein the mass of the styrene is 100 portions.
TABLE 1 polymerization inhibition effect of the polymerization inhibitors and the raw material composition, ratio, preparation parameters, in examples 1 to 9
As can be seen from Table 1, the compound polymerization inhibitor shows better polymerization inhibition effect and low polymer content under the high-temperature rectification condition of 125 ℃.
Examples 10 to 14
Preparing a polymerization inhibitor according to the process method described in the embodiment 1, adding the polymerization inhibitor into styrene, keeping the temperature of the styrene constant at 125 ℃ for 2.5 hours, sampling and analyzing the polystyrene content in the styrene, wherein the compound polymerization inhibitor is: 27 parts of N, N-di-tert-butylhydroxylamine, 9 parts of non-ionic polyacrylamide with the molecular weight of 1200 ten thousand and 100 parts of N-methoxy-N-methylacetamide. The effect of inhibiting polymerization as a function of the amount of the various polymerization inhibitors used is shown in Table 2, based on 100 parts by mass of styrene.
TABLE 2 addition of polymerization inhibitors and their effect on inhibition of polymerization in examples 10 to 14
Therefore, the polymerization inhibition effect is obviously improved along with the increase of the dosage of the polymerization inhibitor. In practical application, the amount of the polymerization inhibitor and economic benefits can be comprehensively considered.
Examples 15 to 16
A polymerization inhibitor was prepared according to the procedure described in example 1, wherein the raw materials and their formulation are shown in Table 1.
Comparative examples 1 to 3
A polymerization inhibitor was prepared according to the procedure described in example 1, wherein the raw materials and their formulation are shown in Table 1.
The polymerization inhibitor prepared in the examples 15 to 16 and the comparative examples 1 to 3 is added into ethylbenzene, the content of the polymerization inhibitor in the ethylbenzene is 15% by mass, the solubility of the polymerization inhibitor is examined at a low temperature of 0 to 20 ℃, and the comparison with the existing formula is carried out. The polymerization inhibitor disclosed by the invention has no precipitation phenomenon at low temperature, and avoids the phenomenon that the polymerization inhibitor is easy to precipitate solids in a configuration tank in severe cold winter to influence the rectification yield of styrene. The results after the test are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 2 comparison of formulations of examples 15-16 and comparative examples 1-3 and their inhibitor solubility at Low temperatures
Styrene and phi 6 multiplied by 6 stainless steel theta ring fillers are weighed according to certain amount and added into two four-neck flasks, and the compound polymerization inhibitor of the embodiment 2 is added into one four-neck flask by taking the mass of the styrene as 100 parts of the standard: 35 parts of N, N-di-tert-butylhydroxylamine, 5 parts of nonionic polyacrylamide with the molecular weight of ten thousand 1000, and 100 parts of N-methoxy-N-methylacetamide, wherein the using amount is 0.03 part.
The other four-mouth flask is added with a compound polymerization inhibitor which comprises the following components: 20 portions of 4-hydroxy-2, 2, 6, 6-tetramethyl piperidine nitroxide free radical, 25 portions of N, N-hydroxyethyl hydroxylamine and 55 portions of methyl sec-butyl phenol, and the using amount is 0.03 portion. The antioxidant is compounded with five components, including 5-20% of antioxidant, 5-35% of nitrophenol polymerization inhibitor, 5-35% of hydroxylamine polymerization inhibitor, 5-40% of dispersant and 35-60% of organic solvent. A condenser was placed above each four-necked flask, and the air in the system was replaced with nitrogen gas for 10 minutes to reduce the oxygen content in the flask, and then the system was sealed, and the four-necked flask was heated in a constant temperature heater and kept at a constant temperature at 130 ℃ for 24 hours during which styrene cement was deposited in the filler. Then cooling, taking out the filler, drying and weighing, wherein the result shows that the filler is not obviously increased in weight by using the polymerization inhibitor; the filler taken from the other flask showed significant deposition of stickies, increasing the weight by 1.1%. Therefore, the compound polymerization inhibitor can timely wet and disperse the adhesive adhered to the surface of the filler and prevent further polymerization into high polymer.
The method comprises the following steps of cutting a filler discharged from an industrial styrene rectifying tower into small blocks, weighing 100 g of each of three equal parts, respectively adding the three 100 g parts into three 1000 ml beakers, adding 500 g of ethylbenzene and three polymerization inhibitors in the embodiment 15, the comparative example 1 and the comparative example 2 into the beakers for comparison, wherein the dosage of the polymerization inhibitor is 0.08% relative to the dosage of the ethylbenzene, soaking the filler at room temperature for 72 hours, taking out the filler, drying and weighing, wherein the results show that the weight of the filler obviously has a reduction trend and is 97.69 g by adopting the polymerization inhibitors in the existing formulas 1 and 2, and the mass of the filler is basically unchanged and respectively: 99.88 and 99.95 grams.
From the above experimental results, it can be seen that the polymerization inhibitor of the present invention has better wetting and dispersing effects on styrene cement.
Claims (4)
1. The rectification polymerization inhibitor for the arene monomer is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:
10-40 parts of N-substituted alkyl hydroxylamine compound,
1-20 parts of non-ionic polyacrylamide,
100 parts of alkyl amide compound;
the N-substituted alkyl hydroxylamine compound is one or a mixture of a plurality of compounds selected from N, N-diethylhydroxylamine, N-isopropylhydroxylamine, N, N-di-tert-butylhydroxylamine, N, N-bis (N-dodecyl) hydroxylamine, N, N-ethylhydroxyethylhydroxylamine and N, N-propylhydroxypropylhydroxylamine;
the molecular weight of the nonionic polyacrylamide is 200-1500 ten thousand;
the alkylamide compound is N, N-dimethylformamide, N-dimethylacetamide, N-methylformamide, N-methylsuccinamide, N-dimethylpropionamide, N-2, 3-trimethyl-2-isopropylbutanamide, N-diethyldodecanamide, N-dimethyloxamide or N-methoxy-N-methylacetamide.
2. The rectification polymerization inhibitor of an arene monomer according to claim 1, wherein the compound polymerization inhibitor is N, N-di-tert-butylhydroxylamine, a nonionic polyacrylamide with a molecular weight of 1000 ten thousand, and N-methoxy-N-methylacetamide.
3. A method for preparing the rectification polymerization inhibitor of an aromatic hydrocarbon monomer according to claim 1, wherein 10 to 40 parts of an N-substituted alkyl hydroxylamine compound, 1 to 20 parts of a nonionic polyacrylamide, and 100 parts of an alkyl amide compound are mixed and sufficiently and uniformly stirred at room temperature.
4. The application method of the rectification polymerization inhibitor of the arene monomer according to claim 1, wherein the polymerization inhibitor is used in the rectification process of the arene monomer, the dosage of the compound polymerization inhibitor is 0.001-0.08% of the mass of the arene monomer, the vacuum degree in the rectification process is 0.005-0.1Mpa, and the rectification temperature is 90-160 ℃.
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