CN108337168A - It flows cluster and exchanges routing mechanism OpenFlow group table selection methods - Google Patents

It flows cluster and exchanges routing mechanism OpenFlow group table selection methods Download PDF

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CN108337168A
CN108337168A CN201810143048.6A CN201810143048A CN108337168A CN 108337168 A CN108337168 A CN 108337168A CN 201810143048 A CN201810143048 A CN 201810143048A CN 108337168 A CN108337168 A CN 108337168A
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last
hash
packet
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CN108337168B (en
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郭志强
董晓东
陈�胜
周晓波
李克秋
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Tianjin University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/38Flow based routing
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/02Topology update or discovery
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/12Avoiding congestion; Recovering from congestion
    • H04L47/125Avoiding congestion; Recovering from congestion by balancing the load, e.g. traffic engineering
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L49/00Packet switching elements
    • H04L49/15Interconnection of switching modules
    • H04L49/1507Distribute and route fabrics, e.g. sorting-routing or Batcher-Banyan

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to route switching fields to support the route switching mechanism exchanged based on stream cluster to propose to realize under conditions of not changing original software defined network data plane forwarding mechanism.For this purpose, of the invention, stream cluster exchanges routing mechanism OpenFlow group table selection methods, and steps are as follows:1) perception bottom-layer network topology;2) reachable path is issued on each interchanger by controller;3) arrival time last time Hash table is initialized;4) last time time departure Hash table is initialized;5) timeout value is initialized;6) time for cryptographic Hash being calculated according to five-tuple, reaching interchanger;7) it executes following step 11 or executes following step 8;8) it executes following step 9 or executes following step 10;9) following step 11 is executed;10) following step 11 is executed;11) packet is sent to next-hop, executes step 6.Present invention is mainly applied to route switching occasions.

Description

It flows cluster and exchanges routing mechanism OpenFlow group table selection methods
Technical field
Realize that stream cluster (flowlet) is handed over the present invention relates to route switching field, in specifically a kind of software defined network Change the OpenFlow group table selection algorithms of (switching) routing mechanism.
Background technology
Term is explained:
Software defined network is a kind of novel network architecture, it carries out the data plane of traditional network and control plane Separation, to be controlled by the programmable of the software desk Implementation bottom forwarding hardware of Centralized Controller.
OpenFlow agreements are the communication protocol between data plane and control plane, control plane in software defined network Controller by OpenFlow protocol definitions rule and action designation date plane interchanger how to forward network data Packet.
Flow table is the table structure similar to traditional network routing table defined in OpenFlow agreements, it is by several flow table items It constitutes.Flow table item is made of rule and behavior aggregate, if network packet meets the rule that flow table item defines, which will be by Corresponding action is executed, such as:Forward from some port or change source mesh IP address etc..
Group table is a kind of special flow table of OpenFlow protocol definitions, it is made of several groups list item.Each group list item Including:Group list item identifier, group entry type, group list item counter and action bucket collection are constituted.Group entry type determines the group The semanteme of list item, such as:The group list item of all types indicates that the action that this group of list item action bucket is concentrated can be all performed, and select The group list item of type indicates that only there are one can be performed for action that this group of list item action bucket is concentrated.It includes multiple actions to act bucket collection Bucket, each bucket that acts represent a kind of processing that can be carried out to network packet, such as:Data are forwarded or changed from some port A little fields of Mr. Bao etc..
Stream cluster (Flowlet) refers to the set that some in the same TCP flow are made of the packet of correlation, correlation here Refer to:If two packets of arbitrary neighborhood, which reach the time interval between same switching equipment, is less than pre-defined timeout value, The packet for meeting this condition is so regarded as a set, referred to as one stream cluster.
It is the route switching technology to flow cluster as granularity that stream cluster, which exchanges (Flowlet switching), is subordinated to same The Bao Douhui of stream cluster is forwarded from the same port, and different stream clusters can randomly choose forwarding port.It under normal conditions will be overtime Value is defined as the maximum value of delay inequality between mulitpath in multipath retransmission technique, and TCP will not be caused to reorder phenomenon in this way.
It is an important route switching technology to flow cluster exchange, is applied to load balancing field.Due to distinguishing not cocurrent flow The timeout value of cluster is set to larger than the difference of the delay of any two load balancing parallel routes, so the load based on stream cluster is equal Weighing apparatus will not cause the out-of-sequence of packet, can improve the performance of TCP, improve the handling capacity of network.Simultaneously with this route switching mechanism It realizes that load balancing is fairly simple, does not need additional congestion control information, such as:The congestion situation of current certain link.It is based on Flowing the load balancing that cluster exchanges has adaptive load balance ability, can be approximate by network flow according to the bandwidth of link It is prorated in each of the links.
Realize that the route switching mechanism exchanged based on stream cluster is generally required dedicated exchange chip and supported in hardware view, Such as:Cisco (Cisco) realizes this exchanging mechanism in the hardware switch ground certainly.The realization of software view is generally basede on The software switch OpenvSwitch or programmable software interchanger P4 to increase income, but this realization method generally can all cause The missing of other functions of exchange of interchanger becomes only to support the software switch that stream cluster exchanges routing mechanism.There is presently no can With the implementation of perfect docking software defined network.
The group table of OpenFlow protocol definitions is to we provide additional transfer capability in software defined network, such as:I The group table of all types can be utilized to realize support to QoS routing.This transfer capability that group table provides will not be destroyed Other forwarding mechanisms that OpenFlow agreements are supported, such as:Pass-through mode based on flow table item rule match.It is expanded by group table Routing forwarding mechanism does not interfere with the original forwarding mechanism of OpenFlow agreements, belongs to routing forwarding in OpenFlow agreements A kind of supplement of mechanism.The present invention realizes that stream cluster exchanges by group table selection algorithm and this advantage exactly is utilized, it is software Define the perfect solution for realizing that stream cluster exchanges routing mechanism in network.
Invention content
In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention is directed to propose a kind of OpenFlow groups table selection algorithm, which can To realize under conditions of not changing original software defined network data plane forwarding mechanism, the routing exchanged based on stream cluster is supported Exchanging mechanism.For this purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is, stream cluster exchanges routing mechanism OpenFlow group table selection methods, step It is rapid as follows:
1) the controller perception bottom-layer network topology of software defined network control plane, calculates source network device to purpose net A plurality of reachable path between network equipment;
2) controller using each of interchanger on reachable path up to exit port as the action bucket for organizing list item, and with group The form of list item is issued on each interchanger;
3) arrival time last time Hash table is initialized:The last one current packet of each stream of Hash table record reaches interchanger Time;
4) last time time departure Hash table is initialized:The exit port of the last one current packet of each stream of Hash table record;
5) initialization timeout value timeout:It is a plurality of simultaneously to be greater than load balancing for distinguishing different stream clusters for the timeout value The maximum delay of walking along the street diameter is poor;
6) when the port of interchanger receives data packet, according to including inbound port, source IP address, purpose IP address, source Port, destination interface five-tuple calculate the cryptographic Hash hash_key of the packet, and record the packet reach interchanger time arrive_time。
7) if there is no the records that keyword is hash_key in arrival time last time Hash table, by keyword The corresponding record arrival of hash_key is added in arrival time last time Hash table;From the action bucket collection of corresponding group of list item of the packet The port of middle random selection one action bucket instruction is as exit port output_port, by the corresponding notes of keyword hash_key Record output_port is added in last time time departure Hash table, and executes following step 11, otherwise, executes following step Rapid 8;
8) the upper packet flowed belonging to the corresponding packets of keyword hash_key is obtained from arrival time last time Hash table The time for reaching interchanger records last_time, updates the corresponding notes of keyword hash_key in last time time departure Hash table Record is arrival time, if the time last_time of the upper packet arrival interchangers of arrival time arrive_time->= Timeout is set up, then executes following step 9;Otherwise, following step 10 is executed;
9) the port work for randomly choosing an action bucket bucket and indicating is concentrated from the action bucket of corresponding group of list item of the packet For exit port output_port, the corresponding record output_port of keyword hash_key are added to upper packet exit port In last_output_port Hash tables, and execute following step 11;
10) upper one flowed belonging to the corresponding packets of keyword hash_key is obtained from last_output_port Hash tables The exit port record of packet is used as output_port, executes following step 11;
11) packet is sent to next-hop from the port that the port numbers of interchanger are output_port, executes step 6.
Comprising the concrete steps that in one example:
1) in bottom-layer network topology, TCP transmitting terminals are IP:10.0.0.1Port:3301, TCP receiving terminals are IP: 10.0.0.2Port:3302, the reachable path between sending and receiving end has two, respectively:With
2) a group list item is issued on each interchanger by software defined network controller, is issued to interchanger S1 groups list item such as Shown in lower:
Group_id=1, type=select, selection_method=flowlet_switching, bucket= output:2, bucket=output:3
3) last_arrive_time Hash tables are initialized:The last one current packet of each stream of Hash table record, which reaches, to be handed over The time changed planes;
4) last_outout_port Hash tables are initialized:The outlet of the last one current packet of each stream of Hash table record Mouthful;
5) initialization timeout value timeout:It is a plurality of simultaneously to be greater than load balancing for distinguishing different stream clusters for the timeout value The maximum delay of walking along the street diameter is poor;
6) transmitting terminal is sent to the data packet of receiving terminal and carries out following processing according to group table selection algorithm on interchanger S1
6.1.1) interchanger S1 receives first data packet of transmitting terminal, and the hash values that the packet is calculated according to five-tuple are Hash_key, five-tuple are:Inbound port=1, source IP address=10.0.0.1, purpose IP address=10.0.0.2, source port= 3301, destination interface=3302;
6.1.2) there is no the record that keyword is 100 in last_arrive_time Hash tables, then keyword 100 is right The record arrive_time=867674us answered is added in last_arrive_time Hash tables.Execute following step 6.1.3;
6.1.3) port for randomly choosing an action bucket instruction is concentrated to be used as from matched group of list item action bucket of the packet 100 corresponding record output_port=2 of keyword is added to last_output_port by port output_port=2 In Hash table, which is sent out from No. 2 ports of interchanger;
6.2.1) interchanger S1 receives second data packet of transmitting terminal, and the hash values of the packet are calculated according to five-tuple, Record the time arrive_time that the packet reaches interchanger;
6.2.2 first packet of the correspondence of keyword 100) is obtained from last_arrive_time Hash tables reaches interchanger Time records last_time=867674us, updates in last_arrive_time Hash tables that keyword 100 is corresponding is recorded as Arrive_time=868125us;Because of arrive_time-last_time=451<500 set up, so executing following step Rapid 6.2.3;
6.2.3 the exit port note of 100 corresponding first packets of keyword) is obtained from last_output_port Hash tables Record output_port=2.The packet is sent out from No. 2 ports of interchanger.;
6.3.1) interchanger S1 receives the third data packet of transmitting terminal, and the hash values of the packet are calculated according to five-tuple To record the time arrive_time that the packet reaches interchanger;
6.3.2 second packet of the correspondence of keyword 100) is obtained from last_arrive_time Hash tables reaches interchanger Time records.Keyword 100 is corresponding in update last_arrive_time Hash tables is recorded as arrive_time;Because Arrive_time-last_time=512>500 set up, so executing following step 6.3.3;
6.3.3) port for randomly choosing an action bucket instruction is concentrated to be used as from matched group of list item action bucket of the packet 100 corresponding record output_port=3 of keyword is added to last_output_port by port output_port=3 In Hash table;The packet is sent out from No. 3 ports of interchanger.
The features of the present invention and advantageous effect are:
No matter realized based on stream using dedicated hardware-switch chip or based on existing software switch solution The routing mechanism that cluster exchanges all so that the pass-through mode of interchanger becomes single, therefore can not be applied in software defined network, OpenFlow agreements cannot be supported well.
In view of the above problems, the present invention is not changing OpenFlow by expanding OpenFlow protocol groups table selection algorithms In the premise of the normal forwarding mechanism of agreement, the support that convection current cluster exchanges routing mechanism is provided, is a kind of incremental implementation method, makes Software defined network uses the multi-layer switches exchanged based on stream cluster to be made in order to possible.
Description of the drawings:
A kind of OpenFlow group table selection algorithm flow diagrams for supporting stream cluster to exchange route switching mechanism of Fig. 1.
Fig. 2 software defined network topological diagrams.
Specific implementation mode
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of OpenFlow groups table selection algorithm, which may be implemented in software definition The route switching mechanism exchanged based on stream cluster is supported in network data plane.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
1) the controller perception bottom-layer network topology of software defined network control plane, calculates source network device to purpose net A plurality of reachable path between network equipment.
2) controller using each of interchanger on reachable path up to exit port as the action bucket for organizing list item, and with group The form of list item is issued on each interchanger.
3) last_arrive_time Hash tables are initialized:The last one current packet of each stream of Hash table record, which reaches, to be handed over The time changed planes.
4) last_outout_port Hash tables are initialized:The outlet of the last one current packet of each stream of Hash table record Mouthful.
5) initialization timeout value timeout:It is equal to be generally greater than load for distinguishing different flowlet for the timeout value Weigh a plurality of parallel route maximum delay it is poor.
6) when the port of interchanger receives data packet, according to five-tuple (inbound port, source IP address, purpose IP address, Source port, destination interface) the hash values of the packet are calculated as hash_key, and record the time arrive_ that the packet reaches interchanger time。
7) if there is no the records that keyword is hash_key in last_arrive_time Hash tables, by keyword The corresponding record arrive_time of hash_key are added in last_arrive_time Hash tables.From corresponding group of table of the packet The action bucket of item concentrates the port of random selection one action bucket instruction as exit port output_port, by keyword hash_ The corresponding record output_port of key are added in last_output_port Hash tables, and execute following step 11.It is no Then, following step 8 is executed.
8) upper one flowed belonging to the corresponding packets of keyword hash_key is obtained from last_arrive_time Hash tables The time that a packet reaches interchanger records last_time.Update keyword hash_key in last_arrive_time Hash tables It is corresponding to be recorded as arrive_time.If arrive_time-last_time >=timeout is set up, following step is executed Rapid 9;Otherwise, following step 10 is executed.
9) concentrate the port that one action bucket of random selection indicates as outlet from the action bucket of corresponding group of list item of the packet Mouth output_port, is added to last_output_port Hash by the corresponding record output_port of keyword hash_key In table, and execute following step 11.
10) upper one flowed belonging to the corresponding packets of keyword hash_key is obtained from last_output_port Hash tables The exit port record of packet is used as output_port.Execute following step 11.
11) packet is sent to next-hop from the port that the port numbers of interchanger are output_port, executes step 6.
Technical solution of the present invention is described in detail With reference to embodiment.The OpenFlow group tables selection of the present invention Algorithm flow schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 1, concrete operation step is as follows:
1) assume bottom-layer network topology as shown in Fig. 2, TCP transmitting terminals (IP:10.0.0.1Port:3301) it is received with TCP Hold (IP:10.0.0.2Port:3302) reachable path between has two, respectively:With
2) a group list item is issued on each interchanger by software defined network controller, is issued to interchanger S1 groups list item such as Shown in lower:
Group_id=1, type=select, selection_method=flowlet_switching, bucket= output:2, bucket=output:3
3) last_arrive_time Hash tables are initialized:The last one current packet of each stream of Hash table record, which reaches, to be handed over The time changed planes
4) last_outout_port Hash tables are initialized:The outlet of the last one current packet of each stream of Hash table record Mouthful.
5) initialization timeout value timeout:It is more to be generally greater than load balancing for distinguishing different stream clusters for the timeout value The maximum delay of parallel route is poor.Assume in this example that timeout values are 500us.
6) transmitting terminal is sent to the data packet (by taking first three data packet as an example) of receiving terminal and is selected according to group table on interchanger S1 It selects algorithm and carries out following processing (process flow on other interchangers is similar).
6.1.1) interchanger S1 receives first data packet of transmitting terminal, according to five-tuple (inbound port=1, source IP Location=10.0.0.1, purpose IP address=10.0.0.2, source port=3301, destination interface=3302) calculate the hash of the packet Value is hash_key, it is assumed that hash_key=100.It is 867674us to record the packet and reach the time arrive_time of interchanger.
6.1.2) there is no the record that keyword is 100 in last_arrive_time Hash tables, then keyword 100 is right The record arrive_time=867674us answered is added in last_arrive_time Hash tables.Execute following step 6.1.3。
6.1.3) from matched group of list item action bucket collection (bucket=output of the packet:2, bucket=output:3) in Randomly choose an action bucket (bucket=output:2) port indicated, will be crucial as exit port output_port=2 100 corresponding record output_port=2 of word is added in last_output_port Hash tables.By the packet from the 2 of interchanger Number port is sent out.
6.2.1) interchanger S1 receives second data packet of transmitting terminal, according to five-tuple (inbound port=1, source IP Location=10.0.0.1, purpose IP address=10.0.0.2, source port=3301, destination interface=3302) calculate the hash of the packet Value is 100.It is 868125us to record the packet and reach the time arrive_time of interchanger.
6.2.2 first packet of the correspondence of keyword 100) is obtained from last_arrive_time Hash tables reaches interchanger Time records last_time=867674us.Keyword 100 is corresponding in update last_arrive_time Hash tables is recorded as Arrive_time=868125us.Because of arrive_time-last_time=451<500 set up, so executing following step Rapid 6.2.3.
6.2.3 the exit port note of 100 corresponding first packets of keyword) is obtained from last_output_port Hash tables Record output_port=2.The packet is sent out from No. 2 ports of interchanger.
6.3.1) interchanger S1 receives the third data packet of transmitting terminal, according to five-tuple (inbound port=1, source IP Location=10.0.0.1, purpose IP address=10.0.0.2, source port=3301, destination interface=3302) calculate the hash of the packet Value is 100.It is 868637us to record the packet and reach the time arrive_time of interchanger.
6.3.2 second packet of the correspondence of keyword 100) is obtained from last_arrive_time Hash tables reaches interchanger Time records last_time=868125us.Keyword 100 is corresponding in update last_arrive_time Hash tables is recorded as Arrive_time=868637us.Because of arrive_time-last_time=512>500 set up, so executing following step Rapid 6.3.3.
6.3.3) from matched group of list item action bucket collection (bucket=output of the packet:2, bucket=output:3) in Randomly choose an action bucket (bucket=output:3) port indicated, will be crucial as exit port output_port=3 100 corresponding record output_port=3 of word is added in last_output_port Hash tables.By the packet from the 3 of interchanger Number port is sent out.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of stream cluster exchanges routing mechanism OpenFlow group table selection methods, characterized in that steps are as follows:
1) the controller perception bottom-layer network topology of software defined network control plane, calculates source network device and is set to purpose network A plurality of reachable path between standby;
2) controller using each of interchanger on reachable path up to exit port as the action bucket for organizing list item, and with a group list item Form be issued on each interchanger;
3) arrival time last time Hash table is initialized:The last one current packet of each stream of Hash table record reach interchanger when Between;
4) last time time departure Hash table is initialized:The exit port of the last one current packet of each stream of Hash table record;
5) initialization timeout value timeout:The timeout value is greater than that load balancing is a plurality of and walking along the street for distinguishing different stream clusters The maximum delay of diameter is poor;
6) when the port of interchanger receives data packet, according to including inbound port, source IP address, purpose IP address, source port, The five-tuple of destination interface calculates the cryptographic Hash hash_key of the packet, and records the time arrive_ that the packet reaches interchanger time;
7) if there is no the records that keyword is hash_key in arrival time last time Hash table, by keyword hash_key Corresponding record arrival is added in arrival time last time Hash table;Random choosing is concentrated from the action bucket of corresponding group of list item of the packet The port of action bucket instruction is selected as exit port output_port, by the corresponding record output_ of keyword hash_key Port is added in last time time departure Hash table, and executes following step 11, otherwise, executes following step 8;
8) the upper packet flowed belonging to the corresponding packets of keyword hash_key is obtained from arrival time last time Hash table to reach Time of interchanger records last_time, updates in last time time departure Hash table that keyword hash_key is corresponding to be recorded as Arrival time, if arrival time arrive_time-it is upper one packet reach interchanger time last_time >=timeout at It is vertical, then execute following step 9;Otherwise, following step 10 is executed;
9) concentrate the port that one action bucket of random selection indicates as exit port from the action bucket of corresponding group of list item of the packet The corresponding record output_port of keyword hash_key are added to upper packet exit port last_ by output_port In output_port Hash tables, and execute following step 11;
10) the upper packet flowed belonging to the corresponding packets of keyword hash_key is obtained from last_output_port Hash tables Exit port record is used as output_port, executes following step 11;
11) packet is sent to next-hop from the port that the port numbers of interchanger are output_port, executes step 6.
2. stream cluster exchanges routing mechanism OpenFlow group table selection methods as described in claim 1, characterized in that an example In comprise the concrete steps that:
1) in bottom-layer network topology, TCP transmitting terminals are IP:10.0.0.1Port:3301, TCP receiving terminals are IP: 10.0.0.2Port:3302, the reachable path between sending and receiving end has two, respectively:With
2) a group list item is issued on each interchanger by software defined network controller, is issued to the following institute of interchanger S1 group list items Show:
Group_id=1, type=select, selection_method=flowlet_switching, bucket= output:2, bucket=output:3
3) last_arrive_time Hash tables are initialized:The last one current packet of each stream of Hash table record reaches interchanger Time;
4) last_outout_port Hash tables are initialized:The exit port of the last one current packet of each stream of Hash table record;
5) initialization timeout value timeout:The timeout value is greater than that load balancing is a plurality of and walking along the street for distinguishing different stream clusters The maximum delay of diameter is poor;
6) transmitting terminal is sent to the data packet of receiving terminal and carries out following processing according to group table selection algorithm on interchanger S1
6.1.1) interchanger S1 receives first data packet of transmitting terminal, and the hash values that the packet is calculated according to five-tuple are Hash_key, five-tuple are:Inbound port=1, source IP address=10.0.0.1, purpose IP address=10.0.0.2, source port= 3301, destination interface=3302;
6.1.2) there is no the record that keyword is 100 in last_arrive_time Hash tables, then keyword 100 is corresponding Record arrive_time=867674us is added in last_arrive_time Hash tables, executes following step 6.1.3;
6.1.3) concentrate the port that one action bucket of random selection indicates as exit port from matched group of list item action bucket of the packet 100 corresponding record output_port=2 of keyword is added to last_output_port Hash by output_port=2 In table, which is sent out from No. 2 ports of interchanger;
6.2.1) interchanger S1 receives second data packet of transmitting terminal, and the hash values of the packet are calculated according to five-tuple, record The packet reaches the time arrive_time of interchanger;
6.2.2 keyword 100) is obtained from last_arrive_time Hash tables corresponds to the time that first packet reaches interchanger Last_time=867674us is recorded, updates in last_arrive_time Hash tables that keyword 100 is corresponding is recorded as Arrive_time=868125us;Because of arrive_time-last_time=451<500 set up, so executing following step Rapid 6.2.3;
6.2.3 the exit port record of 100 corresponding first packets of keyword) is obtained from last_output_port Hash tables Output_port=2 sends out the packet from No. 2 ports of interchanger;
6.3.1) interchanger S1 receives the third data packet of transmitting terminal, and the hash values that the packet is calculated according to five-tuple are to remember Record the time arrive_time that the packet reaches interchanger;
6.3.2 keyword 100) is obtained from last_arrive_time Hash tables corresponds to the time that second packet reaches interchanger It records, keyword 100 is corresponding in update last_arrive_time Hash tables is recorded as arrive_time;Because of arrive_ Time-last_time=512>500 set up, so executing following step 6.3.3;
6.3.3) concentrate the port that one action bucket of random selection indicates as exit port from matched group of list item action bucket of the packet 100 corresponding record output_port=3 of keyword is added to last_output_port Hash by output_port=3 In table;The packet is sent out from No. 3 ports of interchanger.
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