CN108333943B - Crude oil blending online optimization method based on incremental mode - Google Patents
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- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 227
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- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
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Abstract
The invention discloses an increment mode-based crude oil blending online optimization method, which comprises the steps of initializing blending task parameters, setting an optimization period, optimizing modes of all attributes and target function weights, acquiring attribute data and accumulated blending quality attribute products of all blending components according to a preset optimization period, updating attribute increments of blending heads, component formula increments and component flow increment upper and lower limit constraints, solving an optimal formula of all blending components in the current optimization period, and sending the optimal formula to a blending control system for execution. Aiming at the crude oil blending production process of oil refining enterprises, the method takes the qualified property and the lowest blending cost of the blended crude oil as optimization targets, can simultaneously realize the optimization of the property of the crude oil to the upper limit and the optimization to the lower limit, calculates the optimal formula of components according to a certain optimization period, sends the optimization result to a blending control system for execution, ensures that the property quality of the blended crude oil meets the requirements of an atmospheric and vacuum device, and simultaneously gives consideration to the optimal economy, thereby realizing the real-time optimization of the blending process and improving the economic benefit of the oil refining enterprises.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of crude oil processing of oil refining enterprises, in particular to an optimization method for crude oil blending, which is an online optimization method for crude oil blending based on an incremental mode.
Background
In order to meet the requirements of atmospheric and vacuum distillation units and downstream units on the quality of raw materials and the economic benefit of oil refining enterprises, corresponding optimization technology is inevitably adopted in crude oil blending. In the actual crude oil blending industry, oil refining enterprises mostly adopt manual calculation or offline optimization technology to obtain initial formulas of various blending components, and the formulas are kept unchanged in the whole blending process, however, when the properties of component oil fluctuate within a certain range, if the initial formulas given by a blending scheme are still adopted, the property fluctuation of the blended crude oil is large, and an atmospheric and vacuum device is unstable in operation, so that the normal production task and the economic benefit of the oil refining enterprises are influenced.
The result of the traditional optimization method is generally absolute quantity, the influence is not great in off-line application, but for on-line application, the optimization result is greatly changed because the process is easily influenced by various interferences, and if the absolute quantity result is adopted, even if the optimal value is under the current working condition, the control is not stable and the fluctuation of the production process is great because the adjustment stride is too large.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an increment mode-based crude oil blending online optimization method, which aims at solving the problems that the blended product is unqualified in quality and low in benefit due to the fact that a manually calculated formula or an offline optimized formula cannot adapt to the condition of component attribute fluctuation and the like in the actual production process in crude oil blending production of an oil refining enterprise. On the premise of meeting a series of constraints, the property qualification of the blended crude oil and the lowest blending cost are taken as optimization targets, the property upper limit optimization and the property lower limit optimization of the crude oil can be realized, and finally the obtained optimized formula is sent to a corresponding controller, so that the crude oil disqualification caused by the fluctuation of the component properties in the actual production is avoided, the requirements of an atmospheric and vacuum device and a downstream device on the quality of raw materials are met, and the economic benefit of an enterprise is improved.
The crude oil blending online optimization method based on the incremental mode comprises the following steps:
firstly, initializing blending task parameters;
secondly, setting an optimization period, an optimization mode of each attribute and a weight of an objective function;
thirdly, acquiring the attribute data of each blending component and the accumulated blending quality attribute product according to a preset optimization period, and updating the attribute increment of the blending head, the component formula increment and the upper and lower limit constraints of the component flow increment;
and finally, solving the optimal formula of each blending component in the current optimization period, and sending the optimal formula to a blending control system for execution.
In one or more embodiments, the initializing comprises: setting target blending quality, upper and lower limits of various attribute indexes of the blended crude oil, initial formulas of various blended component oils, upper and lower limits of the formulas, maximum formula change step length, upper and lower flow limits and price factors.
In one or more embodiments, the optimization approach includes blending crude properties that meet a range of upper and lower limits, optimization of the upper limit, and optimization of the lower limit, while taking into account the lowest blending cost.
In one or more embodiments, the crude oil attributes include density, sulfur content, acid number, and residue yield.
In one or more embodiments, the blended crude oil property optimization is property qualification, upward limit optimization and downward limit optimization, namely, the optimization mode weight w for the jth propertyjWhen w isj>0 then j attribute is optimized towards lower bound, wj<0 then j attribute is optimized towards the upper limit, wjAnd if 0, the jth type satisfies the attribute upper and lower limit constraints.
In one or more embodiments, the blended crude oil has properties that satisfy formula (3),
wherein,
and
indicates the upper and lower limits of the jth attribute index Pro of the blended crude oiljRepresenting the j attribute of the blended crude oil; when the attribute is qualified, then
Pro when optimizing to lower boundjApproach to
Pro when optimizing to the upper boundjApproach to
In one or more embodiments, the method aims at qualified properties and lowest cost of the blended crude oil, the properties of the crude oil meet the upper and lower limit ranges and/or the upper limit optimization and/or the lower limit optimization, the blending component formula optimization is converted into blending component formula increment optimization, and for the kth optimization period, the optimal increment and the current optimal formula of each blending component formula are obtained by adopting the formula (1) and the formula (2):
ri(k+1)＝ri(k)+Δri,i＝1...n (2)
wherein i (i ═ 1,2, …, n) represents the number of blending components; j (j is 1,2, …, m) represents the crude oil attribute number of the blending component; w is apRepresenting a cost minimum weight; priceiA price factor representing the ith blending component; w is ajRepresenting the optimization mode weight of the jth attribute; prozi,jA jth attribute value representing the ith blending component; Δ ri HiAnd Δ ri LoRespectively representing the upper limit and the lower limit of the formula increment of the ith blending component;
and
respectively representing the upper limit and the lower limit of the jth attribute index increment of the blending head; Δ Fi HiAnd Δ Fi LoRespectively expressed as the upper and lower limits of the ith component flow increment; Δ riRepresenting the formulation increment of the ith component oil; r isi(k +1) and ri(k) The formula of the i component oil in the k +1 th cycle (next cycle) and the k cycle (current cycle) are respectively shown.
In one or more embodiments, the optimal blending quality, i.e., the target range of the blending head, is calculated using equations (4) and (5),
wherein,
and
respectively representing the upper limit and the lower limit of an index which is to be met by the property index for optimizing blending quality so that the upper limit and the lower limit of the property index of the whole tank crude oil meet the specified range, namely the upper limit and the lower limit of the jth property index of the blending head; VProTolRepresenting an accumulated blending quality attribute product; VProHeelRepresenting a product of quality properties of oil at the bottom of the tank; VolH represents the can bottom quality; VolS represents the total blended mass; VolT denotes the quality of the mix.
In one or more embodiments, the allowable variation range of the current fitting head attribute increment is calculated by adopting the formula (6) and the formula (7),
wherein Protj(k) Representing the j measurement attribute of the current blending head;
and
respectively representing the upper limit and the lower limit of the jth attribute index increment of the blending head.
In one or more embodiments, the allowable variation range of the formula increment at the current moment is calculated by adopting the formula (8) and the formula (9),
wherein r isi HiAnd ri LoRespectively representing the upper limit and the lower limit of the formula of the ith blending component; rStepi HiAnd rStepi LoRespectively representing the maximum and minimum formula change step lengths of the ith blending component; Δ ri HiAnd Δ ri LoThe upper and lower limits of the formula increment of the i-th blending component are respectively shown.
In one or more embodiments, the allowable variation range of the current time flow increment is calculated by using the formula (10) and the formula (11),
ΔFi Hi＝Fi Hi-Ft·ri(k) (10)
ΔFi Lo＝Fi Lo-Ft·ri(k) (11)
wherein r isi(k) Representing the formulation of the current component oil i; fi HiAnd Fi LoRespectively representing the upper and lower flow limits of the ith component oil; ftRepresenting a blending head reference flow; Δ Fi HiAnd Δ Fi LoRespectively representing the upper and lower limits of the flow increment of the ith blending component.
The present invention also provides a computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the following steps when executing the program: calculating by adopting an equation (1) and an equation (2) to obtain the optimal increment of each blending component formula and the current optimal formula:
ri(k+1)＝ri(k)+Δri,i＝1...n (2)
wherein i (i ═ 1,2, …, n) represents the number of blending components; j (j ═ 1,2, …, m) represents the crude oil properties of the blend componentsThe number of the cells; w is apRepresenting a cost minimum weight; priceiA price factor representing the ith blending component; w is ajRepresenting the optimization mode weight of the jth attribute; prozi,jA jth attribute value representing the ith blending component; Δ ri HiAnd Δ ri LoRespectively representing the upper limit and the lower limit of the formula increment of the ith blending component;
and
respectively representing the upper limit and the lower limit of the jth attribute index increment of the blending head; Δ Fi HiAnd Δ Fi LoRespectively expressed as the upper and lower limits of the ith component flow increment; Δ riRepresenting the formulation increment of the ith component oil; r isi(k +1) and ri(k) The formula of the i component oil in the k +1 th cycle (next cycle) and the k cycle (current cycle) are respectively shown.
In one or more embodiments, the processor, when executing the program, further performs the steps of: and calculating according to the formulas (4) to (11) to obtain the upper and lower limits of the jth attribute index of the blending head, the upper and lower limits of the jth attribute index increment of the blending head, the upper and lower limits of the formula increment of the ith blending component and the upper and lower limits of the flow increment of the ith blending component.
The present invention also provides a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, performs the computing steps described herein.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a structure of an on-line optimization control system for crude oil pipeline blending.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a crude oil blending online optimization method.
Detailed Description
The invention discloses an increment mode-based crude oil blending online optimization method, which aims at the crude oil blending production process of oil refining enterprises, takes the qualified property and the lowest blending cost of blended crude oil as optimization targets, calculates an optimal formula of components according to a certain optimization period on the premise of meeting a series of constraints, sends an optimization result to a blending control system for execution, ensures that the property and quality of the blended crude oil meet the requirements of an atmospheric and vacuum device and simultaneously gives consideration to the optimal economy, thereby realizing the real-time optimization of the blending process and improving the economic benefit of the oil refining enterprises.
The crude oil blending online optimization method based on the incremental mode firstly initializes blending task parameters. The blending task parameters include, but are not limited to, target blending quality, upper and lower limits of various attribute indexes of the blended crude oil, initial formulas of various blending component oils, upper and lower limits of formulas, maximum formula change step length, upper and lower flow limits, price factors and the like. Crude oil properties include various crude oil properties known in the art, such as density, sulfur content, acid number, and residue yield.
Thus, the blending task parameter initialization may include setting the total blended mass VolS, determining the tank bottom oil quality VolH, the blended mass VolT, and the blending head reference flow, among other things. The upper and lower limits of various attribute indexes of the blended crude oil, the upper and lower limits of the formula, the maximum formula change step length, the upper and lower flow limits, the price factor and the like can be determined according to actual equipment, production conditions and expected oil products. For example, in some embodiments, the blending head reference flow rate may be set in the range of 100 to 500 tons/hour; the lower limit of the density is 0.881g/ml, and the upper limit is 0.911 g/ml; the upper limit of the sulfur content is 0 percent, and the upper limit is 2.05 percent; the lower limit of the acid value is 0mgKOH/g, and the upper limit is 0.75 mgKOH/g; the lower limit of the yield of the residual oil is 25 percent, and the upper limit is 30 percent; the maximum formula change step length of each blending component has an upper limit of 5 percent and a lower limit of-5 percent.
Then setting an optimization period, an optimization mode of each attribute and the weight of an objective function. The optimization cycle can be any suitable period of time, such as 1-120 min. The optimization method comprises the following steps: stay within the constraints (i.e., stay within the upper and lower limits), optimize to an upper limit, and optimize to a lower limit. The optimization mode of each attribute can be determined according to actual needs. For example, in certain embodiments, the density may be optimized to remain within the constraints, the sulfur content may be optimized to the lower limit, the acid number may be optimized to the lower limit, and the residue yield may be optimized to the upper limitAnd (4) optimizing the limit. The weight of the objective function is typically varied according to the optimization mode. For example, the property qualification, the upper limit optimization and the lower limit optimization can be realized aiming at the property optimization of the blended crude oil, and the weight w of the optimization mode of the jth propertyjWhen w isj>0 then j attribute is optimized towards lower bound, wj<0 then j attribute is optimized towards the upper limit, wjIf 0, the jth type may satisfy the attribute upper and lower limit constraints.
Again, the blend component attributes and in-tank buildup are obtained. Conventional methods can be used to measure various attributes of the various blending components, such as density, sulfur content, acid number, and residue yield. Typically, the initial build up in the tank is 0 tonnes. Generally, the attribute data of each blending component and the accumulated blending quality attribute product can be obtained according to a preset optimization period, and the attribute increment of the blending head, the attribute increment of the component formula and the upper and lower limit constraints of the component flow increment are updated. This step can realize these calculations using the following formulas (4) to (11).
Specifically, the properties of the crude oil in the crude oil tank generally satisfy the linear superposition principle, and the properties of the optimized blending quality are utilized to compensate the property deviation of the blended quality and the tank bottom oil, so that the properties of the whole finished product tank are qualified. Therefore, the optimized blending quality, namely the index range of the blending head, can be calculated by adopting the formula (4) and the formula (5) according to the property index requirement of the whole tank of crude oil,
wherein,
and
the index that the property index of optimizing blending quality should meet is expressed in such a way that the upper limit and the lower limit of the property index of the whole crude oil tank meet the specified rangeMarking an upper limit and a lower limit, namely the upper limit and the lower limit of the jth attribute index of the blending head; VProTolRepresenting an accumulated blending quality attribute product; VProHeelRepresenting a product of quality properties of oil at the bottom of the tank; VolH represents the can bottom quality; VolS represents the total blended mass; VolT denotes the quality of the mix.
The allowable variation range of the attribute increment of the current blending head can be obtained by adopting the formula (6) and the formula (7) according to the index of the blending head and the attribute measurement value of the current blending head,
wherein Protj(k) Representing the j measurement attribute of the current blending head;
and
respectively representing the upper limit and the lower limit of the jth attribute index increment of the blending head.
The allowable change range of the formula increment at the current moment can be calculated by adopting the formula (8) and the formula (9) according to the upper limit and the lower limit of the formula of the component oil, the formula of the current component oil and the maximum formula change step length,
wherein r isi HiAnd ri LoRespectively representing the upper limit and the lower limit of the formula of the component oil I; rStepi HiAnd rStepi LoRespectively representing the maximum and minimum formula change step length of the ith component oil; Δ ri HiAnd Δ ri LoThe upper and lower limits of the formula increment of the i-th blending component are respectively shown.
The allowable variation range of the current flow increment can be calculated by adopting the formula (10) and the formula (11) according to the upper and lower flow limits of the component oil and the current component oil formula,
ΔFi Hi＝Fi Hi-Ft·ri(k) (10)
ΔFi Lo＝Fi Lo-Ft·ri(k) (11)
wherein r isi(k) Representing the formulation of the current component oil i; fi HiAnd Fi LoRespectively representing the upper and lower flow limits of the ith component oil; ftRepresenting a blending head reference flow; Δ Fi HiAnd Δ Fi LoRespectively representing the upper and lower limits of the flow increment of the ith blending component.
And finally, calculating the optimal formula and the current optimal formula of each blending component in the current optimization period, and sending the optimal formula and the current optimal formula to a blending control system for execution. The optimal increment of each blending component formula and the current optimal formula can be calculated by adopting the following formulas (1) and (2):
ri(k+1)＝ri(k)+Δri,i＝1...n (2)
wherein i (i ═ 1,2, …, n) represents the number of blending components; j (j is 1,2, …, m) represents the crude oil attribute number of the blending component; w is apRepresenting a cost minimum weight; priceiA price factor representing the ith blending component; w is ajRepresenting the optimization mode weight of the jth attribute; prozi,jA jth attribute value representing the ith blending component; Δ ri HiAnd Δ ri LoRespectively representing the upper limit and the lower limit of the formula increment of the ith blending component;
and
respectively representing the upper limit and the lower limit of the jth attribute index increment of the blending head; Δ Fi HiAnd Δ Fi LoRespectively expressed as the upper and lower limits of the ith component flow increment; Δ riRepresenting the formulation increment of the ith component oil; r isi(k +1) and ri(k) The formula of the i component oil in the k +1 th cycle (next cycle) and the k cycle (current cycle) are respectively shown.
In certain embodiments, the present invention is directed to achieving both upper and lower limit optimization of crude oil properties with the goal of qualifying properties and minimizing costs of the blended crude oil, and using equations (1) and (2) above to convert the blending component recipe optimization to blending component recipe increment optimization.
The properties of the blended crude oil meet the formula (3),
wherein,
and
indicates the upper and lower limits of the jth attribute index Pro of the blended crude oiljIndicating the jth attribute of the blended crude. Thus, when the attribute is qualified
I.e. Pro when optimizing to the lower limitjApproach to
Pro when optimizing to the upper boundjApproach to
The currently optimized recipe may be sent to the blending control system for execution using a communication interface conventional in the art. And then waiting for the next optimization period, judging whether the blending is finished or not, if the optimization period is reached and the blending is not finished, re-acquiring the attributes of the blending components and the in-tank accumulation, and performing the following steps until the blending is finished.
In the invention, the reference flow of the blending head refers to the total blending flow set by the blending head according to the scheduling requirement, and the sum of the flow of the crude oil of each component is equal to the reference flow of the blending head.
In certain embodiments, the present invention also provides a computer device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor when executing the program implements the steps of:
the optimized blending quality, namely the index range of the blending head, is calculated by adopting the formula (4) and the formula (5),
wherein,
and
the upper limit and the lower limit of the property index of the whole tank crude oil are expressed to meet the specified range, and the upper limit and the lower limit of the property index which is used for optimizing the blending quality are expressed as the upper limit and the lower limit of the jth property index of the blending head; VProTolRepresenting an accumulated blending quality attribute product; VProHeelRepresenting a product of quality properties of oil at the bottom of the tank; VolH represents the can bottom quality; VolS represents the total blended mass; VolT denotes the quality of the mix;
calculating by adopting an equation (6) and an equation (7) to obtain the allowable variation range of the attribute increment of the current blending head,
wherein Protj(k) Representing the j measurement attribute of the current blending head;
and
respectively representing the upper limit and the lower limit of the jth attribute index increment of the blending head;
calculating the allowable variation range of the formula increment at the current moment by adopting an equation (8) and an equation (9),
wherein r isi HiAnd ri LoRespectively representing the upper limit and the lower limit of the formula of the component oil I; rStepi HiAnd rStepi LoRespectively representing the maximum and minimum formula change step length of the ith component oil; Δ ri HiAnd Δ ri LoRespectively representing the upper limit and the lower limit of the formula increment of the ith blending component;
calculating the allowable variation range of the current flow increment by adopting an equation (10) and an equation (11),
ΔFi Hi＝Fi Hi-Ft·ri(k) (10)
ΔFi Lo＝Fi Lo-Ft·ri(k) (11)
wherein r isi(k) Representing the formulation of the current component oil i; fi HiAnd Fi LoRespectively representing the upper and lower flow limits of the ith component oil; ftRepresenting a blending head reference flow; Δ Fi HiAnd Δ Fi LoRespectively representing the upper limit and the lower limit of the flow increment of the ith blending component; and
calculating the optimal increment of each blending component formula and the current optimal formula by adopting the following formulas (1) and (2):
ri(k+1)＝ri(k)+Δri,i＝1...n (2)
wherein i (i ═ 1,2, …, n) represents the number of blending components; j (j is 1,2, …, m) represents the crude oil attribute number of the blending component; w is apRepresenting a cost minimum weight; priceiA price factor representing the ith blending component; w is ajRepresenting the optimization mode weight of the jth attribute; prozi,jA jth attribute value representing the ith blending component; Δ ri HiAnd Δ ri LoRespectively representing the upper limit and the lower limit of the formula increment of the ith blending component;
and
respectively representing the upper limit and the lower limit of the jth attribute index increment of the blending head; Δ Fi HiAnd Δ Fi LoRespectively expressed as the upper and lower limits of the ith component flow increment; Δ riRepresenting the formulation increment of the ith component oil; r isi(k +1) and ri(k) Respectively representing the ith component in the k +1 th cycle (next cycle) and the kth cycle (current cycle)And (3) oil formulation.
In certain embodiments, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, performs the computing steps described herein. Specifically, when executed by the processor, the program can calculate the optimal increment of each blending component formula and the current optimal formula according to the formula (1) and the formula (2):
ri(k+1)＝ri(k)+Δri,i＝1...n (2)
wherein i (i ═ 1,2, …, n) represents the number of blending components; j (j is 1,2, …, m) represents the crude oil attribute number of the blending component; w is apRepresenting a cost minimum weight; priceiA price factor representing the ith blending component; w is ajRepresenting the optimization mode weight of the jth attribute; prozi,jA jth attribute value representing the ith blending component; Δ ri HiAnd Δ ri LoRespectively representing the upper limit and the lower limit of the formula increment of the ith blending component;
and
respectively representing the upper limit and the lower limit of the jth attribute index increment of the blending head; Δ Fi HiAnd Δ Fi LoRespectively expressed as the upper and lower limits of the ith component flow increment; Δ riRepresenting the formulation increment of the ith component oil; r isi(k +1) and ri(k) The formula of the i component oil in the k +1 th cycle (next cycle) and the k cycle (current cycle) are respectively shown.
In one or more embodiments, the program when executed by the processor further performs the steps of: and calculating according to the formulas (4) to (11) to obtain the upper and lower limits of the jth attribute index of the blending head, the upper and lower limits of the jth attribute index increment of the blending head, the upper and lower limits of the formula increment of the ith blending component and the upper and lower limits of the flow increment of the ith blending component.
The crude oil blending online optimization method based on the incremental mode calculates the optimal formula of the components according to a certain optimization period in the blending process, sends the optimization result to the blending control system for execution, ensures that the property and quality of the blended crude oil meet the requirements of an atmospheric and vacuum device, and simultaneously gives consideration to the optimal economy, thereby realizing the real-time optimization of the blending process and improving the economic benefit of oil refining enterprises.
The invention will be further described with reference to the following drawings and examples, but the invention is not limited to these examples.
The crude oil blending process of this example had 3 crude oil component tanks. The blending process is carried out according to the batches, each batch is blended for a certain total amount, and the blending of the next batch is carried out after the blending of the current batch is finished. The present invention is carried out on the premise of the technical scheme of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the present crude oil blending system includes: a blending optimization system, a blending control system, an online analysis system, field equipment and an instrument. The field equipment and the instrument comprise a blending component tank, a blending pump, a flowmeter, a control valve, a blending head static mixer and a crude oil tank. The blending optimization system sends the component formula to a blending control system, so that the control of field equipment is realized.
As shown in fig. 2, the work flow of the crude oil blending optimization system mainly includes the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: and (5) initializing the blending task parameters.
By combining with the concrete calculation example, suppose that the total blending mass VolS is 9000t, the oil quality VolH at the bottom of the tank is 0t, the adjusted blending mass VolT is 0t, and the blending head reference flow Ft＝300t/h。
Setting the upper and lower limits of various property indexes of the blended crude oil. Four crude oil properties were assumed to be selected for optimization, namely density, sulfur content, acid number and residue yield. Wherein,
lower limit of density
Upper limit of density
Lower limit of sulfur content
Upper limit of sulfur content
Lower limit of acid value
Upper limit of acid value
Lower limit of residual oil yield
Upper limit of residual oil yield
Setting the initial formula of each blending component oil. Assume component 1 initial recipe r1(0) 20% of initial formulation r, component 22(0) 35% of the initial formulation r, component 33(0)＝45％。
Setting the maximum formula change step length of each blending component oil on the assumption that
The upper limit and the lower limit of the formula of each blending component oil are set. Assuming a lower formulation limit r for component 11 Lo12% of the formula upper limit r1 Hi30 percent; formulation lower limit of component 2
Upper limit of formulation
Component 3 lower limit of formulation
Upper limit of formulation
The upper limit and the lower limit of the flow of each blending component oil are set. Assuming component 1 lower flow limit F1 Lo0t/h, upper limit of formula F1 Hi180 t/h; formulation lower limit of component 2
Upper limit of formulation
Component 3 lower limit of formulation
Upper limit of formulation
And setting the price factor and the minimum cost weight of each blending component oil. Assuming component 1 Price as Price14300rmb/t, component 2 has the price of
Component 3 has a price of
Step two: and setting an optimization period, an optimization mode and an objective function weight.
Assuming that the optimization period is 5min, the minimum weight w of the costp0.01; the optimization mode of each attribute is set as follows:
the density optimization mode is to keep the constraint range, and the weight w10; the optimization mode of the sulfur content is a downward limit optimization with weight w 21 is ═ 1; the acid value is optimized to the lower limit by the weight w 31 is ═ 1; the yield of residual oil is optimized byOptimization of the upper bound, weight w4＝-1。
Step three: and acquiring the attribute data of each blending component and the accumulated blending quality attribute product according to a preset optimization period, and updating the attribute increment of the blending head, the attribute increment of the component formula and the upper and lower limit constraints of the component flow increment.
Since the optimization is performed at the start of the blending, the blended quantity in the crude oil tank is 0, and the cumulative blending mass attribute product is 0.
Assume that the component attributes collect data as follows:
component 1: the density is 0.8862g/ml, the sulfur content is 3.1 percent, the acid value is 0.24mgKOH/g, and the yield of residual oil is 18 percent;
and (2) component: the density is 0.8693g/ml, the sulfur content is 2.48 percent, the acid value is 0.22mgKOH/g, and the yield of residual oil is 32 percent;
and (3) component: the density is 0.8862g/ml, the sulfur content is 0.76 percent, the acid value is 1.35mgKOH/g, and the residual oil yield is 23 percent;
it can be calculated from the equations (4) to (11),
upper and lower limits of the attribute increment of the blending head:
the upper and lower limits of formula increment are as follows: Δ rLo＝[-5,-5,-5]，ΔrHi＝[5,5,5]；
Upper and lower flow increment limits: Δ FLo＝[-60,-105,-135]，ΔFHi＝[120,95,35]。
Step four: and calculating the optimal formula increment and the current optimal formula.
Solving the formula (1) by using linear programming to obtain the optimal formula increment delta r1＝-5％，Δr2＝5％，Δr3＝0％。
Then the current optimal formula r is calculated by using the formula (2)1(1)＝15％，r2(1)＝40％，r3(1)＝45％。
Step five: and sending the current optimal formula to the blending control system for execution through the communication interface.
Step six: waiting for the next optimization cycle, judging whether the current blending is finished, and returning to the third step if the optimization cycle is reached and the current blending is not finished.
The methods not involved in the present invention are the same as or can be implemented using the prior art.
Claims (13)
1. An online optimization method for crude oil blending based on an incremental mode is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, initializing blending task parameters;
secondly, setting an optimization period, an optimization mode of each attribute and a weight of an objective function;
thirdly, acquiring the attribute data of each blending component and the accumulated blending quality attribute product according to a preset optimization period, and updating the attribute increment of the blending head, the component formula increment and the upper and lower limit constraints of the component flow increment;
finally, the optimal formula of each blending component in the current optimization period is obtained and sent to a blending control system for execution;
wherein, the optimized blending quality, namely the index range of the blending head, is calculated by adopting the formula (4) and the formula (5),
wherein,
and
respectively representing the upper limit and the lower limit of an index which is to be met by the property index for optimizing blending quality so that the upper limit and the lower limit of the property index of the whole tank crude oil meet the specified range, namely the upper limit and the lower limit of the jth property index of the blending head; VProTolRepresenting an accumulated blending quality attribute product; VProHeelRepresenting a product of quality properties of oil at the bottom of the tank; VolH represents the can bottom quality; VolS represents the total blended mass; VolT denotes the quality of the mix;
and
respectively representing the upper limit and the lower limit of the jth attribute index of the blended crude oil; VProTol,jA blending quality attribute product representing the accumulated jth attribute index; VProHeel,jRepresents the mass attribute product of the jth attribute index of the tank bottom oil.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the blending task parameters include a target blending quality, upper and lower limits for each property index for the blended crude oil, an initial recipe for each blending component oil, upper and lower limits for the recipe, a maximum recipe change step size, upper and lower flow limits, and a price factor.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the optimization comprises blending the crude oil properties to meet a range of upper and lower limits, optimization of the upper limit, and optimization of the lower limit while minimizing blending costs.
4. The method of claim 3 wherein the blended crude oil attribute is optimized for qualified attributes, upward optimization and downward optimization, i.e., optimization mode weight w for jth attributejWhen w isj>0 then j attribute is optimized towards lower bound, wj<0 then j attribute is optimized towards the upper limit, wjAnd if 0, the jth type satisfies the attribute upper and lower limit constraints.
5. The method of claim 3, wherein the crude oil properties include density, sulfur content, acid number, and residue yield.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the allowable variation range of the current fitting head attribute increment is calculated by using the formula (6) and the formula (7),
wherein Protj(k) Representing the j measurement attribute of the current blending head;
and
respectively representing the upper limit and the lower limit of the jth attribute index increment of the blending head;
and
the upper limit and the lower limit of the property index of the crude oil in the whole tank are respectively expressed as the upper limit and the lower limit of the index which the property index of optimizing the blending quality needs to meet so that the upper limit and the lower limit of the property index of the crude oil in the whole tank meet the specified range, namely the upper limit and the lower limit of the jth property index of the blending head.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the allowable variation range of the formula increment at the current time is calculated by using the formula (8) and the formula (9),
wherein r isi HiAnd ri LoRespectively representing the upper limit and the lower limit of the formula of the ith blending component;
and
respectively representing the maximum and minimum formula change step lengths of the ith blending component; Δ ri HiAnd Δ ri LoRespectively representing the upper limit and the lower limit of the formula increment of the ith blending component; r isi(k) The formulation of the i component oil at the k cycle is shown.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the allowable variation range of the current time flow increment is calculated by using equations (10) and (11),
ΔFi Hi＝Fi Hi-Ft·ri(k) (10)
ΔFi Lo＝Fi Lo-Ft·ri(k) (11)
wherein r isi(k) Representing the formulation of the current component oil i; fi HiAnd Fi LoRespectively representing the upper and lower flow limits of the ith component oil; ftRepresenting a blending head reference flow; Δ Fi HiAnd Δ Fi LoRespectively representing the upper and lower limits of the flow increment of the ith blending component.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein for the kth optimization cycle, the optimal increment of each blending component formula and the current optimal formula are calculated using formula (1) and formula (2):
ri(k+1)＝ri(k)+Δri,i＝1...n (2)
wherein i (i ═ 1,2, …, n) represents the number of blending components; j (j is 1,2, …, m) represents the crude oil attribute number of the blending component; w is apRepresenting a cost minimum weight; priceiA price factor representing the ith blending component; w is ajRepresenting the optimization mode weight of the jth attribute; prozi,jA jth attribute value representing the ith blending component; Δ ri HiAnd Δ ri LoRespectively representing the upper limit and the lower limit of the formula increment of the ith blending component;
and
respectively representing the upper limit and the lower limit of the jth attribute index increment of the blending head; Δ Fi HiAnd Δ Fi LoRespectively expressed as the upper and lower limits of the ith component flow increment; Δ riRepresenting the formulation increment of the ith component oil; r isi(k +1) and ri(k) The formulas of the ith component oil in the k +1 th cycle and the kth cycle are respectively shown.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the blended crude oil has properties that satisfy formula (3),
wherein,
and
indicates the upper and lower limits of the jth attribute index Pro of the blended crude oiljRepresenting the j attribute of the blended crude oil; when the attribute is qualified, then
Pro when optimizing to lower boundjApproach to
Pro when optimizing to the upper boundjApproach to
11. A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, carries out the computing steps of any one of claims 1 to 10 or all of the computing steps of claims 1 to 10.
12. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor when executing the program implements the steps of: calculating by adopting an equation (1) and an equation (2) to obtain the optimal increment of each blending component formula and the current optimal formula:
ri(k+1)＝ri(k)+Δri,i＝1...n (2)
wherein i (i ═ 1,2, …, n) represents the number of blending components; j (j is 1,2, …, m) represents the crude oil attribute number of the blending component; w is apRepresenting a cost minimum weight; priceiA price factor representing the ith blending component; w is ajOptimizer representing j-th attribute(ii) a formula weight; prozi,jA jth attribute value representing the ith blending component; Δ ri HiAnd Δ ri LoRespectively representing the upper limit and the lower limit of the formula increment of the ith blending component;
and
respectively representing the upper limit and the lower limit of the jth attribute index increment of the blending head; Δ Fi HiAnd Δ Fi LoRespectively expressed as the upper and lower limits of the ith component flow increment; Δ riRepresenting the formulation increment of the ith component oil; r isi(k +1) and ri(k) The formulas of the ith component oil in the k +1 th cycle and the kth cycle are respectively shown.
13. The computer device of claim 12, wherein the processor when executing the program further performs the steps of: the upper and lower limits of the jth attribute index of the blending head, the upper and lower limits of the jth attribute index increment of the blending head, the upper and lower limits of the formula increment of the ith blending component and the upper and lower limits of the flow increment of the ith blending component are calculated according to the formulas (4) to (11) of claims 1 to 8.
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