CN108332859A - A kind of extracting method and device of urban heat island range - Google Patents
A kind of extracting method and device of urban heat island range Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of extracting method and device of urban heat island range, the method includes：The corresponding thermal infrared imagery in research city is obtained, and Surface Temperature Retrieval is carried out to the thermal infrared imagery using mono window algorithm, surface temperature is obtained and generates surface temperature image；According to the surface temperature, shape and the texture of the surface temperature image, by the surface temperature Image Segmentation at cutting unit, and the average surface temperature inside the cutting unit is calculated；According to the average surface temperature, the surface temperature aggregation characteristic of the cutting unit is calculated using local auto-correlation algorithm；According to the surface temperature aggregation characteristic, aggregation classification is carried out to the cutting unit and extracts the size and boundary information of the research urban heat island.The present invention can be realized quickly completely extracts urban heat island range information based on Thermal Remote Sensing Image.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to remote sensing information extractive technique field more particularly to a kind of extracting methods and dress of urban heat island range
It sets.
Background technology
Urban heat island is town site Rapid Expansion and the environmental problem that socio-economic development is brought, and holds city
Heat island range is the important evidence for administering urban heat island to understanding Urban Environmental Problem and formulating corresponding strategy.With remote sensing skill
The development of art and the extensive use of remote sensing image, the remote sensing image with Detection Using Thermal Infrared Channel gradually become urban heat island research
Significant data source rapidly and efficiently obtains the important topic that urban area heat island information is current research using remote sensing image.
For urban inner because its landscape pattern, social economy's process are complicated, surface temperature distribution is general also to have height different
Matter.Grade separation is carried out to earth's surface temperature image, is to carry out heat island pattern and the basic steps of other correlation analyses.Existing skill
In art, grade classification is carried out to earth's surface temperature data based on the density slice method of " pixel-pixel " relationship, it is this to be based on picture
Between the method hypothesis adjacent picture elements of member independently of each other, different characteristics are divided into regard to a width temperature image using specific algorithm parameter
Region, be finally transferred to discrete spatial data for further analysis.But this division methods based on pixel can produce
Raw similar " spiced salt effect " based on pixel sorting technique, each pixel can have ignored urban surface temperature profile by scrappyization
In abundant spatial information.
Therefore, how to be based on Thermal Remote Sensing Image and quickly completely extract urban heat island range information, be heat island research
Firstly the need of solving the problems, such as, this all has a very important significance the basic research of urban heat island and practical application.
Invention content
Technical problem to be solved of the embodiment of the present invention is, provides a kind of extracting method and dress of urban heat island range
It sets, can realize and urban heat island range information is quickly completely extracted based on Thermal Remote Sensing Image.
To solve the above problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of extracting method of urban heat island range, including it is as follows
Step：
The corresponding thermal infrared imagery in research city is obtained, and earth's surface temperature is carried out to the thermal infrared imagery using mono window algorithm
Inverting is spent, surface temperature is obtained and generates surface temperature image；
According to the surface temperature, shape and the texture of the surface temperature image, by the surface temperature Image Segmentation
At cutting unit, and calculate the average surface temperature inside the cutting unit；
According to the average surface temperature, the surface temperature that the cutting unit is calculated using local auto-correlation algorithm is assembled
Feature；
According to the surface temperature aggregation characteristic, aggregation classification is carried out to the cutting unit and extracts the research city
The size and boundary information of heat island.
Preferably, the corresponding thermal infrared imagery in acquisition research city, and using mono window algorithm to the thermal infrared shadow
As carrying out Surface Temperature Retrieval, obtains surface temperature and generate surface temperature image, specially：
The corresponding thermal infrared imagery in research city is obtained, and the thermal infrared imagery is pre-processed；
The original pixel value of the pretreated thermal infrared imagery is converted to the brightness temperature of image；
According to the brightness temperature, surface temperature is obtained using mono window algorithm；
According to the thermal infrared imagery and the surface temperature, surface temperature image is generated.
Preferably, the brightness temperature is：
Wherein,
Wherein, Tat-sensorFor the effective brightness temperature of image, unit K；K1And K2It is empirical parameter, K1=60.77mW
cm-2sr-1μm-1、K2=1260.56mW cm-2sr-1 μm -1；LbFor satellite spectral radiance, unit is W m-2sr-1 μm-
1；LminAnd LmaxThe minimum and maximum radiation value that respectively sensor can monitor；
The surface temperature is：
Wherein, TsFor surface temperature, unit K；A and b is constant, value a=-67.355351, b=0.458606；aFor
Atmospheric mean temperature.
Preferably, described that the thermal infrared imagery is pre-processed, specially：
Geographical projections are carried out to the thermal infrared imagery；The Geographical projections include global utm projection, take subregion be 49N,
Central meridian is 111 ° of east longitude and scale factor is 0.9996.
Preferably, the surface temperature, shape and the texture according to the surface temperature image, by the earth's surface temperature
Image Segmentation is spent into cutting unit, and calculates the average surface temperature inside the cutting unit, specially：
It will be described according to default segmentation rule according to the surface temperature, shape and the texture of the surface temperature image
Surface temperature Image Segmentation is at cutting unit；The default segmentation rule is setting scale threshold value, surface temperature similarity and line
Manage similarity；
Calculate the average surface temperature inside the cutting unit.
Preferably, homogeney fusion form factor is 0.1 inside the cutting unit, and the aggregation extent factor is 0.5.
Preferably, described according to the average surface temperature, the cutting unit is calculated using local auto-correlation algorithm
Surface temperature aggregation characteristic, specially：
According to local auto-correlation algorithm, the not blue index of utilization quantifies the surface temperature aggregation characteristic of the cutting unit；
According to the average surface temperature, the not blue of the cutting unit is calculated using the calculation formula of the not blue index
Index, and obtain the surface temperature aggregation characteristic of the cutting unit；
Wherein, the calculation formula of the not blue index is：
Wherein,xiFor values of the observational variable x on the positions i,For the average value of all observational variable x, n
For the number of observational variable x；wijFor weight matrix；ziAnd zjFor away from the degree of average value；Level of significance α=0.05.
Preferably, described according to the surface temperature aggregation characteristic, aggregation classification is carried out to the cutting unit and is extracted
The size and boundary information of the research urban heat island, specially：
According to the not blue index of the cutting unit, aggregation classification is carried out to the cutting unit, obtain heat island accumulation regions,
Cool island accumulation regions, high temperature patch unit surround area by low temperature patch unit, low temperature patch unit surrounds area by high temperature patch unit
With five kinds of aggregate types of local space relationship unobvious of patch unit and peripheral temperature unit；
According to the aggregate type, the size and boundary information of extraction heat island accumulation regions are as the research urban heat island
Size and boundary information.
Preferably, the heat island accumulation regions are average level of the temperature value higher than all patch units of patch unit, and
The region surrounded by the high temperature unit of ad eundem；The cool island accumulation regions are that the temperature value of patch unit is less than all patch units
Average level, and by the cryogenic unit of ad eundem surround region.
The embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of extraction element of urban heat island range, including：
Surface Temperature Retrieval unit, for obtaining the corresponding thermal infrared imagery in research city, and using mono window algorithm to institute
It states thermal infrared imagery and carries out Surface Temperature Retrieval, obtain surface temperature and generate surface temperature image；
Surface temperature Image Segmentation unit will according to the surface temperature, shape and the texture of the surface temperature image
The surface temperature Image Segmentation calculates the average surface temperature inside the cutting unit at cutting unit；
Aggregation characteristic computing unit is used for according to the average surface temperature, described in the calculating of local auto-correlation algorithm
The surface temperature aggregation characteristic of cutting unit；
Heat island area extracting unit, for according to the surface temperature aggregation characteristic, assembling to the cutting unit
Classify and extract the size and boundary information of the research urban heat island.
Implement the embodiment of the present invention, has the advantages that：
The extracting method and device of a kind of urban heat island range provided in an embodiment of the present invention, the method includes：It obtains
The corresponding thermal infrared imagery in city is studied, and Surface Temperature Retrieval is carried out to the thermal infrared imagery using mono window algorithm, is obtained
Surface temperature simultaneously generates surface temperature image；According to the surface temperature, shape and the texture of the surface temperature image, by institute
Surface temperature Image Segmentation is stated into cutting unit, and calculates the average surface temperature inside the cutting unit；According to described flat
Equal surface temperature calculates the surface temperature aggregation characteristic of the cutting unit using local auto-correlation algorithm；According to the earth's surface
Temperature aggregation characteristic carries out aggregation classification to the cutting unit and extracts the size and boundary letter of the research urban heat island
Breath.The present invention can be realized quickly completely extracts urban heat island range information based on Thermal Remote Sensing Image.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow diagram of the extracting method for urban heat island range that first embodiment of the invention provides；
Fig. 2 is the surface temperature Image Segmentation design sketch in first embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the dividing method effect pair of the dividing method and object-oriented based on pixel in first embodiment of the invention
Than figure；
Fig. 4 is original ground surface temperature image and heat island range extraction comparison diagram in first embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 5 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of the extraction element for urban heat island range that second embodiment of the invention provides.
Specific implementation mode
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation describes, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that replacing original ground surface temperature data (such as MODIS (moderate- according to practical application request
Resolution imaging spectroradiometer, Moderate Imaging Spectroradiomete), a kind of ASTER (satellite sensings
Device, ASTER are mounted in the spaceborne heat on Terra satellites and distribute and antiradiation instrument) etc. other Thermal Infrared Data sources), it is same suitable
Use the method for the present invention.In the specific embodiment of the invention, using Guangzhou as survey region, with Landsat TM5, (LANDSAT is beautiful
State's land explorer satellite system) remotely-sensed data is Thermal Infrared Data source, carries out based on Image Segmentation and spatial autocorrelation analysis
Urban heat island extraction research.
First embodiment of the invention：
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is a kind of flow of the extracting method for urban heat island range that first embodiment of the invention provides
Schematic diagram.
The extracting method of the urban heat island range, includes the following steps：
S101, the corresponding thermal infrared imagery in research city is obtained, and the thermal infrared imagery is carried out using mono window algorithm
Surface Temperature Retrieval obtains surface temperature and generates surface temperature image.
In the present embodiment, preset Surface Temperature Retrieval unit, surface temperature Image Segmentation unit, aggregation characteristic are based on
The extracting method for the urban heat island range that computing unit and heat island area extracting unit are constituted, can quickly and effectively extract city
Heat island range is that urban heat island basic research and governmental environmental management and programmed decision-making department extract scientific basis.
In the present embodiment, to ensure the precision and Image Segmentation efficiency of surface temperature extraction, city need to be studied obtaining
After corresponding thermal infrared imagery, the thermal infrared imagery is pre-processed.Use general global utm projection
(Universal Transverse Mercator Projection, Universal Transverse Mercator Projection), take subregion be 49N, in
Centre warp is 111 ゜ of east longitude, scale factor is 0.9996 carry out Geographical projections, and carries out shadow to the projection of the thermal infrared imagery
Image intensifying and atmospheric correction.
Surface Temperature Retrieval is carried out to the thermal infrared imagery using mono window algorithm, the process for obtaining surface temperature is divided into two
A step：
The first step, by the original pixel value (DN values) of the pretreated thermal infrared imagery (Digital Number, it is distant
Feel image picture element brightness value, the gray value of the atural object of record) be converted to the brightness temperature of image.
Wherein, the brightness temperature is：
Wherein,
Wherein, Tat-sensorFor the effective brightness temperature of image, unit K；K1And K2It is empirical parameter, K1=60.77mW
cm-2sr-1μm-1、K2=1260.56mW cm-2sr-1 μm -1；LbFor satellite spectral radiance, unit is W m-2sr-1 μm-
1；LminAnd LmaxThe minimum and maximum radiation value that respectively sensor can monitor.The radiation value can be from remote sensing image data
Header file in check in.
Second step obtains surface temperature according to the brightness temperature using mono window algorithm.
The surface temperature is：
Wherein, TsFor surface temperature, unit K；A and b is constant, value a=-67.355351, b=0.458606；aFor
Atmospheric mean temperature.
In the present embodiment, according to the thermal infrared imagery and the surface temperature, surface temperature image is generated.
It should be noted that Atmospheric mean temperature depends primarily on the air temperature distribution and atmospheric condition of atmospheric profile.
It is difficult to carry out real-time atmospheric profile data and big vaporous under normal circumstances since the time that satellite flies over research area overhead is very short
State is directly observed.
S102, according to the surface temperature, shape and the texture of the surface temperature image, by the surface temperature image
It is divided into cutting unit, and calculates the average surface temperature inside the cutting unit.
In the present embodiment, according to the surface temperature, shape and the texture of the surface temperature image, according to default point
Rule is cut, by the surface temperature Image Segmentation at cutting unit；The default segmentation rule is setting scale threshold value, earth's surface temperature
Spend similarity and texture similarity.Then the average surface temperature inside the cutting unit is calculated.
Referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is the surface temperature Image Segmentation design sketch in first embodiment of the invention.As shown in Fig. 2,
Each pixel has similar surface temperature and texture information inside the cutting unit after segmentation.
It is preferably based on the heterogeneity between the cutting unit inside homogeney and the cutting unit after segmentation, it is right
Pixel is cut, is polymerize, and in cutting procedure, the form factor of homogeney fusion is 0.1, and the aggregation extent factor is 0.5.
It should be noted that scale factor is the key parameter of Image Segmentation, by being arranged the threshold value of a variety of scales, such as 5,
The different sizes such as 10,20,40 are iterated cutting, i.e., the cutting of the large scale factor is on the basis of small scale factor cutting result
The adaptive learning feature raising cutting effect of topology and spatial relationship is covered in upper completion by incorporating.
Referring to Fig. 3, Fig. 3 is the segmentation of the dividing method and object-oriented based on pixel in first embodiment of the invention
Method effect contrast figure.
After the cutting unit obtained is completed in segmentation, the average surface temperature inside the cutting unit is calculated.
S103, according to the average surface temperature, the earth's surface temperature of the cutting unit is calculated using local auto-correlation algorithm
Spend aggregation characteristic.
In the present embodiment, (spatial autocorrelation refer to some variables at same point to spatial autocorrelation
Potential interdependency between observation data in cloth area) analysis is with Spatial Agglomeration degree identification function, in reality
Known to geographic element space distribution rule：The closer surface temperature object of space length has similar temperature grade and space different
Matter feature.According to local auto-correlation algorithm, the not blue index of utilization quantifies the surface temperature aggregation characteristic of the cutting unit.I.e.
The surface temperature aggregation characteristic of the cutting unit is characterized with not blue index.According to the average surface temperature, using it is described not
The calculation formula of blue index calculates the not blue index of the cutting unit, and the surface temperature aggregation for obtaining the cutting unit is special
Sign.
Specifically, the calculation formula of the not blue index is：
Wherein,xiFor values of the observational variable x on the positions i,For the average value of all observational variable x, n
For the number of observational variable x；wijFor weight matrix, space interpolation is carried out to avoid the Scale Dependency and variation of parameter；zi
And zjFor away from the degree of average value；Meanwhile to spatial autocorrelation relationship carry out significance test, take significance be α=
0.05。
S104, according to the surface temperature aggregation characteristic, aggregation classification is carried out to the cutting unit and is ground described in extracting
Study carefully the size and boundary information of urban heat island.
It should be noted that not orchid index M oran ' s I>0 representation space positive correlation, value is bigger, spatial coherence
It is more apparent, Moran ' s I<0 representation space negative correlation, value is smaller, and spatial diversity is bigger, and otherwise, Moran ' s I=0 are empty
Between be in randomness.
So-called correlation refers to just correlation, and positive correlation is exactly the growth with independent variable, and dependent variable is also with increasing
Length, such as age and blood pressure, are exactly the positive correlation ... of standard and negative correlation is exactly opposite certainly, with the growth of independent variable
And reduce, such as age and muscle power ...
Positive correlation spatially refers to just with the aggregation of spatial distribution position (distance), and correlation is just also just more aobvious
It writes.Spatially negatively correlated just exactly the opposite, discrete with spatial distribution position, correlation becomes notable instead.
In the present embodiment, according to the not blue index of the cutting unit, aggregation classification is carried out to the cutting unit, is obtained
To following aggregate type：Gao-height (H-H), low-low (L-L), high-low (H-L), low-high (L-H) and not notable (Not
Significant).Wherein, the concrete meaning of each aggregate type is as follows：
Gao-height (heat island accumulation regions)：The temperature value of cutting unit is higher (average level for being higher than all units), and by
The high temperature unit of ad eundem surrounds, and implies the presence of heat island accumulation regions, which is heat island patch.
Low-low (cool island accumulation regions)：The temperature value of cutting unit is relatively low (average level for being less than all units), and by
The cryogenic unit of ad eundem is surrounded, and the presence of cool island accumulation regions is imply.
It is high-low：High temperature cutting unit is surrounded by low temperature cutting unit.
It is low-high：Low temperature cutting unit is surrounded by high temperature cutting unit.
Not significantly：The local space relationship unobvious of cutting unit and peripheral temperature unit.
According to the aggregate type, the size and boundary information of extraction heat island accumulation regions are as the research urban heat island
Size and boundary information are to get to research urban heat island range.
Referring to Fig. 4, Fig. 4 is original ground surface temperature image and the extraction comparison of heat island range in first embodiment of the invention
Figure.
In the present embodiment, it should be noted that the extracting method of the urban heat island range takes full advantage of earth's surface temperature
" neighborhood " information of pixel, the i.e. information such as shape and texture are spent, rather than pixel is only considered as individual individual and is drawn to carry out unit
Point, it effectively prevents " spiced salt effect " based on pixel sorting technique, it is abundant in urban surface temperature data to improve
The utilization ratio of spatial information.Meanwhile in conjunction with the computational methods of not blue index, information simple to the extraction of urban heat island range
Accurately, to grasping the space distribution information of urban heat island, promoting remote sensing image in urban heat island and the research of other ecological environments
Application it is significant.
A kind of extracting method of urban heat island range provided in this embodiment, including：It is red to obtain the corresponding heat in research city
Outer image, and Surface Temperature Retrieval is carried out to the thermal infrared imagery using mono window algorithm, it obtains surface temperature and generates earth's surface
Temperature image；According to the surface temperature, shape and the texture of the surface temperature image, by the surface temperature Image Segmentation
At cutting unit, and calculate the average surface temperature inside the cutting unit；According to the average surface temperature, using part
Auto-correlation algorithm calculates the surface temperature aggregation characteristic of the cutting unit；According to the surface temperature aggregation characteristic, to described
Cutting unit carries out aggregation classification and extracts the size and boundary information of the research urban heat island.The present invention can be realized and is based on
Thermal Remote Sensing Image quickly completely extracts urban heat island range information.
Second embodiment of the invention：
Referring to Fig. 5, Fig. 5 is a kind of structure of the extraction element for urban heat island range that second embodiment of the invention provides
Schematic diagram.
The extraction element of the urban heat island range, including：
Surface Temperature Retrieval unit 201 for obtaining the corresponding thermal infrared imagery in research city, and uses mono window algorithm pair
The thermal infrared imagery carries out Surface Temperature Retrieval, obtains surface temperature and generates surface temperature image.
In the present embodiment, preset Surface Temperature Retrieval unit, surface temperature Image Segmentation unit, aggregation characteristic are based on
The extracting method for the urban heat island range that computing unit and heat island area extracting unit are constituted, can quickly and effectively extract city
Heat island range is that urban heat island basic research and governmental environmental management and programmed decision-making department extract scientific basis.
In the present embodiment, to ensure the precision and Image Segmentation efficiency of surface temperature extraction, city need to be studied obtaining
After corresponding thermal infrared imagery, the thermal infrared imagery is pre-processed.General global utm projection is used, subregion is taken
For 49N, central meridian be 111 ゜ of east longitude, scale factor is 0.9996 carry out Geographical projections, and to the throwing of the thermal infrared imagery
Shadow carries out Imaging enhanced and atmospheric correction.
Surface Temperature Retrieval is carried out to the thermal infrared imagery using mono window algorithm, the process for obtaining surface temperature is divided into two
A step：
The original pixel value (DN values) of the pretreated thermal infrared imagery is converted to the brightness temperature of image by the first step
Degree.
Wherein, the brightness temperature is：
Wherein,
Wherein, Tat-sensorFor the effective brightness temperature of image, unit K；K1And K2It is empirical parameter, K1=60.77mW
cm-2sr-1μm-1、K2=1260.56mW cm-2sr-1 μm -1；LbFor satellite spectral radiance, unit is W m-2sr-1 μm-
1；LminAnd LmaxThe minimum and maximum radiation value that respectively sensor can monitor.The radiation value can be from remote sensing image data
Header file in check in.
Second step obtains surface temperature according to the brightness temperature using mono window algorithm.
The surface temperature is：
Wherein, TsFor surface temperature, unit K；A and b is constant, value a=-67.355351, b=0.458606；aFor
Atmospheric mean temperature.
In the present embodiment, according to the thermal infrared imagery and the surface temperature, surface temperature image is generated.
It should be noted that Atmospheric mean temperature depends primarily on the air temperature distribution and atmospheric condition of atmospheric profile.
It is difficult to carry out real-time atmospheric profile data and big vaporous under normal circumstances since the time that satellite flies over research area overhead is very short
State is directly observed.
Surface temperature Image Segmentation unit 202, for according to the surface temperature of the surface temperature image, shape and
Texture by the surface temperature Image Segmentation at cutting unit, and calculates the average surface temperature inside the cutting unit.
In the present embodiment, according to the surface temperature, shape and the texture of the surface temperature image, according to default point
Rule is cut, by the surface temperature Image Segmentation at cutting unit；The default segmentation rule is setting scale threshold value, earth's surface temperature
Spend similarity and texture similarity.Then the average surface temperature inside the cutting unit is calculated.
Referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is the surface temperature Image Segmentation design sketch in first embodiment of the invention.As shown in Fig. 2,
Each pixel has similar surface temperature and texture information inside the cutting unit after segmentation.
It is preferably based on the heterogeneity between the cutting unit inside homogeney and the cutting unit after segmentation, it is right
Pixel is cut, is polymerize, and in cutting procedure, the form factor of homogeney fusion is 0.1, and the aggregation extent factor is 0.5.
It should be noted that scale factor is the key parameter of Image Segmentation, by being arranged the threshold value of a variety of scales, such as 5,
The different sizes such as 10,20,40 are iterated cutting, i.e., the cutting of the large scale factor is on the basis of small scale factor cutting result
The adaptive learning feature raising cutting effect of topology and spatial relationship is covered in upper completion by incorporating.
Referring to Fig. 3, Fig. 3 is the segmentation of the dividing method and object-oriented based on pixel in first embodiment of the invention
Method effect contrast figure.
After the cutting unit obtained is completed in segmentation, the average surface temperature inside the cutting unit is calculated.
Aggregation characteristic computing unit 203, for according to the average surface temperature, institute to be calculated using local auto-correlation algorithm
State the surface temperature aggregation characteristic of cutting unit.
In the present embodiment, spatial autocorrelation analysis has Spatial Agglomeration degree identification function, is wanted according to geography in reality
Known to plain space distribution rule：The closer surface temperature object of space length has similar temperature grade and special heterogeneity special
Sign.According to local auto-correlation algorithm, the not blue index of utilization quantifies the surface temperature aggregation characteristic of the cutting unit.It uses not blue
Index characterizes the surface temperature aggregation characteristic of the cutting unit.According to the average surface temperature, using the not blue index
Calculation formula calculate the not blue index of the cutting unit, and obtain the surface temperature aggregation characteristic of the cutting unit.
Specifically, the calculation formula of the not blue index is：
Wherein,xiFor values of the observational variable x on the positions i,For the average value of all observational variable x, n
For the number of observational variable x；wijFor weight matrix, space interpolation is carried out to avoid the Scale Dependency and variation of parameter；zi
And zjFor away from the degree of average value；Meanwhile to spatial autocorrelation relationship carry out significance test, take significance be α=
0.05。
Heat island area extracting unit 204, for according to the surface temperature aggregation characteristic, gathering to the cutting unit
Collection classifies and extracts the size and boundary information of the research urban heat island.
In the present embodiment, according to the not blue index of the cutting unit, aggregation classification is carried out to the cutting unit, is obtained
To following aggregate type：Gao-height (H-H), low-low (L-L), high-low (H-L), low-high (L-H) and not notable (Not
Significant).Wherein, the concrete meaning of each aggregate type is as follows：
Gao-height (heat island accumulation regions)：The temperature value of cutting unit is higher (average level for being higher than all units), and by
The high temperature unit of ad eundem surrounds, and implies the presence of heat island accumulation regions, which is heat island patch.
Low-low (cool island accumulation regions)：The temperature value of cutting unit is relatively low (average level for being less than all units), and by
The cryogenic unit of ad eundem is surrounded, and the presence of cool island accumulation regions is imply.
It is high-low：High temperature cutting unit is surrounded by low temperature cutting unit.
It is low-high：Low temperature cutting unit is surrounded by high temperature cutting unit.
Not significantly：The local space relationship unobvious of cutting unit and peripheral temperature unit.
According to the aggregate type, the size and boundary information of extraction heat island accumulation regions are as the research urban heat island
Size and boundary information are to get to research urban heat island range.
Referring to Fig. 4, Fig. 4 is original ground surface temperature image and the extraction comparison of heat island range in first embodiment of the invention
Figure.
A kind of extraction element of urban heat island range provided in an embodiment of the present invention obtains the corresponding thermal infrared in research city
Image, and Surface Temperature Retrieval is carried out to the thermal infrared imagery using mono window algorithm, it obtains surface temperature and generates earth's surface temperature
Spend image；According to the surface temperature, shape and the texture of the surface temperature image, by the surface temperature Image Segmentation at
Cutting unit, and calculate the average surface temperature inside the cutting unit；According to the average surface temperature, certainly using part
Related algorithm calculates the surface temperature aggregation characteristic of the cutting unit；According to the surface temperature aggregation characteristic, to described point
Unit is cut to carry out aggregation classification and extract the size and boundary information of the research urban heat island.The present invention can be realized based on heat
Infrared remote sensing image quickly completely extracts urban heat island range information.
The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for those skilled in the art
For, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvement and deformations can also be made, these improvement and deformations are also considered as
Protection scope of the present invention.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that realizing all or part of flow in above-described embodiment method, being can be with
Relevant hardware is instructed to complete by computer program, the program can be stored in a computer read/write memory medium
In, the program is when being executed, it may include such as the flow of the embodiment of above-mentioned each method.Wherein, the storage medium can be magnetic
Dish, CD, read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM) or random access memory (Random Access
Memory, RAM) etc..
Claims (10)
1. a kind of extracting method of urban heat island range, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
The corresponding thermal infrared imagery in research city is obtained, and anti-to thermal infrared imagery progress surface temperature using mono window algorithm
It drills, obtain surface temperature and generates surface temperature image；
According to the surface temperature, shape and the texture of the surface temperature image, by the surface temperature Image Segmentation ingredient
Unit is cut, and calculates the average surface temperature inside the cutting unit；
According to the average surface temperature, the surface temperature that the cutting unit is calculated using local auto-correlation algorithm assembles spy
Sign；
According to the surface temperature aggregation characteristic, aggregation classification is carried out to the cutting unit and extracts the research urban heat island
Size and boundary information.
2. the extracting method of urban heat island range according to claim 1, which is characterized in that city pair is studied in the acquisition
The thermal infrared imagery answered, and Surface Temperature Retrieval is carried out to the thermal infrared imagery using mono window algorithm, obtain surface temperature simultaneously
Surface temperature image is generated, specially：
The corresponding thermal infrared imagery in research city is obtained, and the thermal infrared imagery is pre-processed；
The original pixel value of the pretreated thermal infrared imagery is converted to the brightness temperature of image；
According to the brightness temperature, surface temperature is obtained using mono window algorithm；
According to the thermal infrared imagery and the surface temperature, surface temperature image is generated.
3. the extracting method of urban heat island range according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the brightness temperature is：
Wherein,
Wherein, Tat-sensorFor the effective brightness temperature of image, unit K；K1And K2It is empirical parameter, K1=60.77mW cm-
2sr-1μm-1、K2=1260.56mW cm-2sr-1 μm -1；LbFor satellite spectral radiance, unit is W m-2sr-1 μm -1；
LminAnd LmaxThe minimum and maximum radiation value that respectively sensor can monitor；
The surface temperature is：
Wherein, TsFor surface temperature, unit K；A and b is constant, value a=-67.355351, b=0.458606；aFor air
Mean effort temperature.
4. the extracting method of urban heat island range according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described to the thermal infrared shadow
As being pre-processed, specially：
Geographical projections are carried out to the thermal infrared imagery；The Geographical projections include global utm projection, and it is 49N, center to take subregion
Warp is 111 ° of east longitude and scale factor is 0.9996.
5. the extracting method of urban heat island range according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described according to the earth's surface temperature
The surface temperature, shape and the texture for spending image by the surface temperature Image Segmentation at cutting unit, and calculate described point
The average surface temperature inside unit is cut, specially：
According to the surface temperature, shape and the texture of the surface temperature image, according to default segmentation rule, by the earth's surface
Temperature image is divided into cutting unit；The default segmentation rule is setting scale threshold value, surface temperature similarity and texture phase
Like degree；
Calculate the average surface temperature inside the cutting unit.
6. the extracting method of urban heat island range according to claim 5, which is characterized in that same inside the cutting unit
It is 0.1 that matter, which merges form factor, and the aggregation extent factor is 0.5.
7. the extracting method of urban heat island range according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described in the basis fifty-fifty
Table temperature calculates the surface temperature aggregation characteristic of the cutting unit using local auto-correlation algorithm, specially：
According to local auto-correlation algorithm, the not blue index of utilization quantifies the surface temperature aggregation characteristic of the cutting unit；
According to the average surface temperature, the not orchid that the cutting unit is calculated using the calculation formula of the not blue index is referred to
Number, and obtain the surface temperature aggregation characteristic of the cutting unit；
Wherein, the calculation formula of the not blue index is：
Wherein,xiFor values of the observational variable x on the positions i,For the average value of all observational variable x, n is to see
Survey the number of variable x；wijFor weight matrix；ziIt is the degree away from average value with zj；Level of significance α=0.05.
8. the extracting method of urban heat island range according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described according to the earth's surface temperature
Aggregation characteristic is spent, aggregation classification is carried out to the cutting unit and extracts the size and boundary information of the research urban heat island,
Specially：
According to the not blue index of the cutting unit, aggregation classification is carried out to the cutting unit, obtains heat island accumulation regions, cool island
Accumulation regions, high temperature patch unit surround area by low temperature patch unit, low temperature patch unit surrounds area and spot by high temperature patch unit
Five kinds of aggregate types of local space relationship unobvious of module unit and peripheral temperature unit；
According to the aggregate type, the size and boundary information of extraction heat island accumulation regions are as the size for studying urban heat island
And boundary information.
9. the extracting method of urban heat island range according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the heat island accumulation regions are spot
The temperature value of module unit is higher than the average level of all patch units, and the region surrounded by the high temperature unit of ad eundem；It is described
Cool island accumulation regions are average level of the temperature value less than all patch units of patch unit, and by the cryogenic unit packet of ad eundem
The region enclosed.
10. a kind of extraction element of urban heat island range, which is characterized in that including：
Surface Temperature Retrieval unit, for obtaining the corresponding thermal infrared imagery in research city, and using mono window algorithm to the heat
Infrared image carries out Surface Temperature Retrieval, obtains surface temperature and generates surface temperature image；
Surface temperature Image Segmentation unit will for the surface temperature, shape and the texture according to the surface temperature image
The surface temperature Image Segmentation calculates the average surface temperature inside the cutting unit at cutting unit；
Aggregation characteristic computing unit, for according to the average surface temperature, the segmentation to be calculated using local auto-correlation algorithm
The surface temperature aggregation characteristic of unit；
Heat island area extracting unit, for according to the surface temperature aggregation characteristic, aggregation classification to be carried out to the cutting unit
And extract the size and boundary information of the research urban heat island.
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