Prefabricated curb structure of tunnel
Technical Field
The invention relates to a prefabricated curb structure of a tunnel, which is suitable for serving as two side structures of a road in the tunnel.
Background
The traditional tunnel curb structure is generally formed by cast-in-place on site, the curb structure is generally fine, the construction quality is difficult to guarantee by erecting and pouring templates on site, the problems of rough surface of side grooves, unsmooth drainage, deposition of impurities, cracking, unfilled corners and the like often occur, the construction efficiency of erecting and pouring the templates on site is low, and the construction period is long.
Compared with a cast-in-place structure, the prefabricated standardized structure can be produced and processed in a factory in a rapid and batch mode, machining speed is high, quality is good, prefabricated components can be assembled in a modularized mode on site, and construction is simple, convenient and efficient.
In view of the defects of the traditional tunnel cast-in-place curb structure and a plurality of advantages of the prefabricated standardized structure, the application of the standardized prefabricated components to the tunnel curb structure is a new idea with great engineering application value.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a prefabricated curb structure of a tunnel, which aims to solve the problems of poor construction quality and low construction efficiency of a cast-in-place curb structure of the tunnel in the prior art.
The invention provides a prefabricated curb structure of a tunnel, which comprises a plurality of first side ditches, second side ditches, a sand sinking well, curbstones and cover plates, wherein the first side ditches, the second side ditches, the sand sinking well, the curbstones and the cover plates are arranged on a first concrete layer and a lining, the first side ditches are connected end to end and are longitudinally arranged along the tunnel, the sand sinking well and the second side ditches are alternately inserted among the first side ditches, the side railings are connected end to end and are longitudinally arranged along the tunnel, the first side ditches are tightly attached to the side surfaces of the curbstones, the connecting ends of the first side ditches and the side ditches are mutually staggered, the curbstones, the first concrete layer and the lining form a cable ditch with an upper end being provided with a slot for placing strong cables or weak cables, and the cover plates.
Further, the method comprises the following steps of; the first lateral ditch, the second lateral ditch, the sand sediment trap, the kerbstone and the cover plate are all prefabricated components with completely uniform structure and size.
Further, the method comprises the following steps of; the utility model discloses a road surface asphalt layer, including first side ditch, first arc wall, first side ditch is equipped with the first inside groove that link up two links, the top surface of first side ditch is provided with the first arc wall that is used for leading drainage road surface ponding debris, be equipped with the wash port that is used for getting rid of the interior ponding of road surface asphalt layer on the side that first side ditch deviates from the curbstone, two links of first side ditch are equipped with first boss and the first recess that.
Further, the method comprises the following steps of; the second side ditch takes the first side ditch as a base body, and the top surface of the base body is provided with a washing hole for washing the first inner groove.
Further, the method comprises the following steps of; the sand sediment trap includes the well body, walling crib and grate, the well body is equipped with the second inside groove that link up two link, two link of the well body be equipped with respectively can with first recess socket joint complex second boss with can with first boss socket joint complex second recess, the top surface of the well body be equipped with the second arc wall that first arc wall matches, well body upper portion still is equipped with the reservation step that is used for installing walling crib and grate, just reserve the step with be equipped with between the walling crib and be used for the fixed second mortar leveling layer of leveling.
Further, the method comprises the following steps of; and a first mortar leveling layer for leveling and fixing is further arranged among the first side ditch, the second side ditch, the kerbstone and the first concrete layer.
Further, the method comprises the following steps of; the first lateral ditches, the second lateral ditches, the sand sediment trap, the curbstones and the cover plate are made of reinforced concrete, ultrahigh-performance concrete or resin concrete.
Compared with the prior art, the tunnel prefabricated curb structure provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, the defects that the site construction precision and quality of the cast-in-place curb structure are difficult to control are overcome by prefabricating the first side ditch, the second side ditch, the sand sediment trap, the curbstone and the cover plate, and the prefabricated standard component has high machining precision and good quality in a factory;
in addition, templates do not need to be erected and maintenance is not needed to be waited for, the prefabricated parts are assembled on site simply and efficiently, and the construction period can be shortened.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a prefabricated curb structure for a tunnel;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a prefabricated curb structure for a tunnel;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a construction process of a prefabricated curb structure of a tunnel;
the meaning of each partial graph in fig. 3 is as follows: (a) constructing a first concrete layer; (b) constructing a first mortar leveling layer; (c) mounting the prefabricated part in place; (d) constructing a second concrete layer and an asphalt layer;
FIG. 4 is a view of a first side groove structure;
the meaning of each partial graph in fig. 4 is as follows: (a) A-A; (b) B-B; (c) C-C; (d) D-D; (e) a first lateral groove three-dimensional drawing;
FIG. 5 is a view showing a second side groove structure;
the meaning of each partial graph in fig. 5 is as follows: (a) E-E; (b) F-F; (c) G-G; (d) H-H; (e) a second lateral groove three-dimensional map;
FIG. 6 is a diagram of a structure of a sand trap well body;
the meaning of each partial graph in fig. 6 is as follows: (a) a plan view of a sand sediment trap well body; (b) J-J; (c) I-I; (d) K-K; (e) L-L; (f) three-dimensional drawing of a sand sediment trap well body;
FIG. 7 is a sectional view of the sand trap;
the meanings of the components in FIG. 7 are as follows: (a) a longitudinal section of a well body, a well ring and a grate; (b) m large samples; (c) plan view of a well ring; (d) N-N; (e) a grate plan view; (f) O-O; (g) assembling a three-dimensional graph of the sand sediment trap; (h) three-dimensional drawing of the sand sediment trap and its accessory components;
FIG. 8 is a structural drawing of a kerbstone;
the meanings of the components in FIG. 8 are as follows: (a) Q-Q; (b) P-P; (c) a three-dimensional image of a kerbstone;
FIG. 9 is a view showing a structure of a cover plate;
the meaning of each partial graph in fig. 9 is as follows: (a) a cover plate plan view; (b) R-R; (c) and (4) a cover plate three-dimensional drawing.
Icon: 1-lining; 2-first lateral groove; 3-second lateral groove; 4-a sand sediment trap; 5-kerbstone; 6-cover plate; 7-an asphalt layer; 8-a concrete layer; 9-a first mortar leveling layer; 21-a first inner tank; 22-a first arc-shaped slot; 23-a drain hole; 24-a first boss; 25-a first groove; 31-flushing holes; 41-well body; 42-a walling crib; 43-fine-toothed comb; 44-a second mortar leveling layer; 51-cable trench; 81-a first concrete layer; 82-a second concrete layer; 411-a second inner tank; 412-a second boss; 413-a second groove; 414-a second arcuate slot; 415-reserve steps.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The embodiment of the invention provides a prefabricated curb structure of a tunnel, which comprises a plurality of first side ditches 2, second side ditches 3, sand sinking wells 4, curbstones 5 and cover plates 6 arranged on a first concrete layer 81 and a lining 1, wherein the first side ditches 2 are connected end to end and are longitudinally arranged along the tunnel, the sand sinking wells 4 and the second side ditches 3 are alternately inserted among the first side ditches 2, the curbstones 5 are connected end to end and are longitudinally arranged along the tunnel, the side surfaces of the first side ditches 2 and the curbstones 5 are tightly attached, the connecting ends of the first side ditches and the curbstones 5 are mutually staggered, the curbstones 5, the first concrete layer 81 and the lining 1 jointly form a cable trench 51 with a slotted upper end and used for placing strong cables or weak cables, and the cover plates 6 are arranged at the slotted upper end of the cable trench 51.
According to the embodiment, the defects that the site construction precision and the quality of a cast-in-place curb structure are difficult to control are overcome by prefabricating the first side ditch 2, the second side ditch 3, the sand sediment trap 4, the curbstone 5 and the cover plate 6, and the prefabricated standard component is high in machining precision and good in quality in a factory; and a template does not need to be erected and maintenance is not needed, the prefabricated parts are assembled on site simply and efficiently, and the construction period can be shortened.
In addition, the end surface of the first side ditch 2 and the end surface of the kerbstone 5 are arranged in a staggered way in the longitudinal direction, so that water leakage between the first side ditch 2 and the kerbstone 5 is prevented; arranging a sand sediment trap 4 at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, arranging a second side ditch 3 at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and finishing dredging and flushing the first inner groove 21 by a high-pressure water gun through a flushing hole 31 on the second side ditch 3; in addition, the sand sediment trap 4 and the second lateral ditches 3 can be arranged in a staggered manner at equal intervals as shown in fig. 1, and a plurality of second lateral ditches 3 can be arranged between two adjacent sand sediment traps 4 according to actual needs.
The first lateral ditch 2, the second lateral ditch 3, the sand sediment trap 4, the curbstones 5 and the cover plate 6 are prefabricated components with completely unified structural dimensions, except the cover plate 6, the nominal length of the other components is recommended to be 1m, and the length of the cover plate 6 can be half of the length of the curbstones 5.
First side ditch 2 is equipped with the first inside groove 21 that link up two links, and the top surface of first side ditch 2 is provided with the first arc wall 22 that is used for leading drainage road surface ponding debris, is equipped with the wash port 23 that is used for getting rid of ponding in road surface pitch layer 7 on the side that first side ditch 2 deviates from curbstone 5, and two links of first side ditch 2 are equipped with first boss 24 and the first recess 25 that can socket joint the complex each other respectively.
Meanwhile, the second side groove 3 is formed by using the first side groove 2 as a base body, and a washing hole 31 for washing the first inner tank 21 is formed in a top surface of the base body.
Wherein the thickness of the first boss 24 in the first side groove 2 and the second side groove 3 is not counted within the nominal length; in addition, considering the machining error of each of the first side groove 2 and the second side groove 3 and the interference fit which may occur during the assembly, the actual length of the first side groove 2 and the second side groove 3 is generally set to be 2-4 mm smaller than the nominal length.
The prefabricated curb structure of tunnel in this embodiment, its transverse section arrangement diagram is as shown in fig. 2, and prefabricated curb structure bilateral symmetry arranges, and the below is concrete layer 8, and the centre is pitch layer 7, and wherein first mortar leveling layer 9 is set up to first lateral ditch 2, second lateral ditch 3, kerbstone 5 below to the leveling of three is fixed, and kerbstone 5, first concrete layer 81 and lining 1 form slotted cable pit 51 that is used for placing strong cable or weak cable in the upper end jointly, and upper end fluting department is equipped with apron 6. Besides the bilateral symmetry arrangement of the curb structure, the structure can be applied to a single side, and the other side of the curb structure adopts other structural forms.
The construction process schematic diagram of the prefabricated tunnel curb structure in the embodiment is shown in fig. 3, and the construction process schematic diagram comprises the following steps: (a) constructing a first concrete layer 81, and paying attention to the fact that a deep groove at the lower part of the sand sediment trap 4 needs to be reserved; (b) constructing a first mortar leveling layer 9; (c) the prefabricated parts are installed in place and comprise a sand sediment trap 41, a first lateral ditch 2, a second lateral ditch 3 and curbstones 5; (d) and constructing a second concrete layer 82 and an asphalt layer 7, and installing the cover plate 6 after the cable is laid.
The structure of the prefabricated kerb of the tunnel in the embodiment is shown in fig. 4, wherein the first lateral ditch 2 is structured as shown in the figure. The lateral surface of the first lateral ditch 2 is provided with the drain holes 23, 3 drain holes 23 can be symmetrically arranged on the lateral surface as shown in fig. 4, and other arrangement forms can also be adopted according to actual requirements, and the positions of the drain holes 23 should be slightly higher than the bottom surface of the asphalt layer 7. The top surface of the first lateral ditch 2 is provided with a first arc-shaped groove 22 for guiding and draining accumulated water and sundries on the road surface. A first inner groove 21 is arranged in the first lateral ditch 2 to guide and discharge seeper impurities. The front end and the rear end of the first side ditch 2 are respectively provided with a first boss 24 and a first groove 25, so that the front and the rear adjacent first side ditches 2 are closely inserted in the longitudinal direction, and in order to avoid that the bosses and the grooves cannot be inserted due to interference fit, the first boss 24 is slightly smaller than the outer contour dimension of the first groove 25, which is shown in the marked dimensions in fig. 4- (c) and 4- (d).
The second lateral groove 3 of the prefabricated kerb structure of the tunnel in this embodiment is shown in fig. 5. The second side ditch 3 is formed by using the first side ditch 2 in fig. 4 as a base body, and only a flushing hole 31 is additionally arranged in the first arc-shaped groove 22 at the top of the base body so as to dredge and flush the first inner groove 21 by using a high-pressure water gun. Two flushing holes 31 with opposite directions of 45 degrees can be symmetrically arranged left and right as shown in fig. 5, and other arrangement forms can be adopted according to actual requirements.
The structure of the sinking well 4 and the well body 41 of the prefabricated curb structure of the tunnel in the embodiment is shown in fig. 6. Well body 41 is provided with a second projection 412 capable of being socket-fitted with first recess 25 and a second recess 413 capable of being socket-fitted with first projection 24 so as to be socket-tight with the immediately preceding and succeeding first side channels 2. The second inner grooves 411 at both ends of the well body 41 are matched with the first inner grooves 21 of the first side ditches 2 adjacent to each other in front and back. The second arc-shaped grooves 414 on the top surfaces of the two ends of the well body 41 are matched with the first arc-shaped grooves 22 adjacent to the first side grooves 2 in the front and the back. The depth of the inner cavity of the well body 41 is determined according to the actual sediment accumulation condition of the tunnel. The middle of the upper part of the well body 41 is provided with a reserved step 415 for installing the well ring 42 and the grate 43, wherein a second mortar leveling layer 44 for leveling and fixing the well ring 42 is arranged between the reserved step 415 and the well ring 42.
The assembled drawing of the sand sediment trap 4 of the prefabricated curb structure for the tunnel in the embodiment is shown in fig. 7. The sand sediment trap 4 consists of a trap body 41, a trap 42 and a grate 43, wherein the bottom of the trap 42 is provided with a second mortar leveling layer 44, the front end and the rear end of the trap 42 are provided with arc-shaped grooves which are matched with the second arc-shaped grooves 414 at the front end and the rear end of the trap 41, and the front end and the rear end of the grate 43 are provided with rectangular grooves in advance so as to ensure that sundry water in the first arc-shaped groove 22 of the first lateral ditch 2 can smoothly flow into the trap body 41. The material of the well ring 42 and the grate 43 is generally nodular cast iron. The sand sediment trap 4 collects the sundries accumulated water in the first inner groove 21 of the first side ditch 2 and the first arc-shaped groove 22 on the top surface of the first side ditch 2 in a centralized way, and the sundries accumulated water in the well body 41 is cleaned in a centralized way at regular intervals.
In the prefabricated curb structure of the tunnel in the embodiment, the structure of the curbstone 5 is as shown in fig. 8, and the curbstone 5 has an anti-collision function.
In the prefabricated kerb structure of the tunnel in this embodiment, the cover plate 6 is as shown in fig. 9, and the cover plate 6 is preferably provided with a side groove for easy lifting.
In the prefabricated curb structure for the tunnel in the embodiment, the first side ditch 2, the second side ditch 3, the sand sediment trap 4, the curbstone 5 and the cover plate 6 are made of reinforced concrete, ultrahigh-performance concrete or resin concrete.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.