CN108328456B - Guide rail for elevator - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a guide rail for an elevator, which comprises a traction head guide rail (11) and a car guide rail (12), wherein the traction head guide rail (11) comprises a rack (13) and a guide rail (14), and the rack (13) is fixed relative to the guide rail (14); the number of the car guide rails (12) is two, the traction head guide rail (11) is positioned between the two car guide rails (12), and the rack (13) and the guide rail (14) are fixedly connected through the connecting piece (18). The traction head guide rail provides supporting, positioning, transmission and guiding functions for the traction head. At the same time, the traction device bears all the moment transmitted from the traction head guide wheel and the car guide wheel, and the rigidity of the traction device must be capable of overcoming the bending moment and the pressure. In addition, because the transmission is frequent, the wear-resisting effect is required. The car guide rail plays a role in balancing the car and can ensure the stability of the car in the lifting process.

Description

Guide rail for elevator

The present case is based on the mother case as application number: 201711188000.9, filing date: 24/11/2017, entitled "a lift".

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of lifting auxiliary equipment, in particular to a guide rail for a lifter.

Background

With the rapid development of social economy, villa property projects are increasing day by day, and the knowledge and the demand of consumers on villa lifting equipment are continuously rising. People pursue better and more convenient home life, and the lifting equipment is a necessary household equipment for villas, so that the lifting equipment is convenient for families to go up and down stairs, carry goods and is convenient for old people to live at home. The common villa lifting equipment has certain limitations in the aspects of application range, operation maintenance, construction cost, installation and the like.

The household elevator is divided into a gantry type structure and a knapsack type structure according to the installation mode of the elevator car; the portal frame type structure is as same as two people lifting the car because the two guide rails are respectively positioned at the two sides of the car, the stress at the two sides is even, and the running feeling of the car is more stable and comfortable. The knapsack formula structure is because two guide rails are located the same one side of car, and the leading wheel pressure moves on the guide rail, and the unilateral atress of car, no matter the elevator stops or moves, and guide rail and leading wheel are all in the stress state.

Elevators are driven by hydraulic, traction, and screw drives. The hydraulic and screw-type transmission elevator car mounting mode is a knapsack type, and the traction type household elevator adopts a portal frame type car arrangement.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a guide rail suitable for an elevator. The guide rail for the elevator comprises a traction head guide rail and a car guide rail, wherein the traction head guide rail provides supporting, positioning, transmission and guiding functions for a traction head. At the same time, the traction device bears all the moment transmitted from the traction head guide wheel and the car guide wheel, and the rigidity of the traction device must be capable of overcoming the bending moment and the pressure. In addition, because the transmission is frequent, the wear-resisting effect is required. The car guide rail plays a role in balancing the car and can ensure the stability of the car in the lifting process.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: in a space rectangular coordinate system taking an X, Y, Z axis as a coordinate axis, the guide rail for the elevator comprises a traction head guide rail and a car guide rail, wherein the traction head guide rail comprises a rack and a guide rail, the rack and the guide rail are both arranged along the Z-axis direction, and the rack is fixed relative to the guide rail; the car guide rails are two, the two car guide rails are arranged along the Z-axis direction, the traction head guide rail is positioned between the two car guide rails, and the rack and the guide rail are fixedly connected through the connecting piece.

The section of the guide rail is I-shaped, and the guide rail comprises a first strip-shaped plate, a guide vertical plate and a second strip-shaped plate which are sequentially connected.

The first strip-shaped plate is parallel to the second strip-shaped plate, and the first strip-shaped plate is perpendicular to the guide vertical plate.

The vertical guide plate is parallel to the plane where the X axis and the Z axis are located, and the rack is fixedly connected with the vertical guide plate of the guide rail through a connecting piece.

The guide rail still contains the polylith connecting plate, and car guide is connected fixedly with the connecting plate, and the first guide rail of traction passes through the guide rail support and is connected fixedly with the connecting plate, and first guide rail of traction and car guide all are located the front side of connecting plate.

The guide vertical plate is positioned between the connecting piece and the guide rail bracket, and the guide rail bracket is positioned between the guide vertical plate and the connecting plate.

The car guide rails are channel steel, and the opening directions of the two car guide rails are opposite.

The distance from the traction head guide rail to the two car guide rails is the same.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the problem that the lifting equipment has higher requirements on civil engineering is solved, so that the lifting equipment in the villa area is more generally installed and used, and the maintenance work is simpler;

2. the traction head guide device combining the rack and the I-shaped steel is provided, so that the horizontal direction and the vertical direction of the traction head are ensured, and the matching precision of the traction head and the guide rail is improved;

3. the combined guide rail form combining the T-shaped guide rail of the lift car of the lifting device and the guide rail of the traction head is provided, so that the device is more stable to operate and safer and more reliable to use.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the general construction of the elevator of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of the portion of the car of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the traction head portion of fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a front view of the traction head.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the tractor.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the positional relationship between the upper horizontal guide wheels, the pair of guide wheels, and the guide rail.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the car.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the connection of the car sheaves to the car guide rails.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a wellbore configuration.

10. A guide rail; 20. a car; 30. a traction head; 40. a wellbore;

11. a tractor guide rail; 12. a car guide rail; 13. a rack; 14. a guide rail; 15. a first strip-shaped plate; 16. a guide vertical plate; 17. a second strip; 18. a connecting member; 19. a connecting plate; 110. a rail bracket;

21. a car sheave; 22. a car steel member; 23. a car door; 24. a car bottom; 25. a hoisting ring; 26. connecting channel steel;

31. a traction head housing; 32. an upper horizontal guide wheel; 33. a drive gear; 34. a car connecting shaft; 35. a lower horizontal guide wheel; 36. an anti-falling safety device; 37. a pair of guide wheels; 38. a motor; 39. a speed reducer;

321. a first upper horizontal guide wheel; 322. a second upper horizontal guide wheel;

351. a first lower horizontal guide wheel; 352. a second lower horizontal guide wheel; .

371. A first pair of guide wheels; 372. a second pair of guide wheels; 373. a third pair of guide wheels; 374. a fourth pair of guide wheels;

41. a wellbore rig; 42. an elevator door; 43. a cover glass plate.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.

An elevator, in a rectangular spatial coordinate system with X, Y, Z axes as coordinate axes, comprising:

the guide rail 10 comprises a traction head guide rail 11 and a car guide rail 12, the traction head guide rail 11 comprises a rack 13 and a guide rail 14, the rack 13 and the guide rail 14 are arranged along the Z-axis direction, and the rack 13 is fixed relative to the guide rail 14;

a car 20, a car pulley 21 is provided on the outer side of the car 20, and the car pulley 21 can roll along the car guide rail 12;

and a traction head 30 capable of driving the car 20 to move along the Z-axis direction, wherein the traction head 30 comprises a traction head housing 31, a driving gear 33 and a guide wheel pair 37, the driving gear 33 is meshed with the rack 13, and the guide wheel pair 37 can clamp the guide rail 14 and roll along the guide rail 14, as shown in fig. 1 to 6.

In the present invention, the traction head 30 is a driving part, the car 20 provides a passenger space for a person or an article, and the guide rail 10 provides support, positioning, transmission and guidance for the car 20. The traction head guide rail 11 is used for guiding the traction head 30 to move up and down along the Z-axis direction, and the car guide rail 12 is used for guiding the car 20 to move up and down along the Z-axis direction. The drive gear 33 may be a spur gear or a herringbone gear.

When the elevator works, an indoor AC220V or AC380V household power supply provides a power source for the traction head 30, the traction head 30 is connected with the car 20, and the driving gear 33 of the traction head 30 is meshed with the rack 13 on the guide rail 10 to realize the up-and-down movement of the traction car 20; the connection between the car 20 and the guide rail 10 is through a car pulley 21, which ensures the stability of the car operation.

Specifically, the car pulley 21 is fixedly connected with the car steel member 22 through a connection channel steel 26, one connection channel steel 26 is connected with two car pulleys 21, the car steel member 22 is fixedly connected with four connection channel steels 26, as shown in fig. 2 and 7, the car guide rail 12 is a channel steel, the two car pulleys 21 are respectively located on the inner side and the outer side of the car guide rail 12, and as shown in fig. 8, the car pulleys 21 can roll on the surface of the car guide rail 12.

For convenience of expression, the invention adopts a space rectangular coordinate system with X, Y, Z axes as coordinate axes, and also adopts orientation words, such as front, back, left, right, up and down. The plane where the X axis and the Y axis are located is parallel to the horizontal plane, and the direction of the Z axis is the vertical direction. As shown in fig. 1, the front direction is the same as the positive direction of the X axis in the space rectangular coordinate, the rear direction is the same as the negative direction of the X axis in the space rectangular coordinate, the left direction is the same as the positive direction of the Y axis in the space rectangular coordinate, the right direction is the same as the negative direction of the Y axis in the space rectangular coordinate, the upper direction is the same as the positive direction of the Z axis in the space rectangular coordinate, and the lower direction is the same as the negative direction of the Z axis in the space rectangular coordinate. In fig. 1, three arrows on a spatial rectangular coordinate system indicate the positive direction of the X axis, the positive direction of the Y axis, and the positive direction of the Z axis, respectively.

In this embodiment, there are two car guide rails 12, two car guide rails 12 are both disposed along the Z-axis direction, the traction head guide rail 11 is located between the two car guide rails 12, the rack 13 and the guide rail 14 are also disposed along the Z-axis direction, the rack 13 and the guide rail 14 are connected and fixed by the connecting member 18, and the rack 13 is located between the guide rail 14 and the car 20, as shown in fig. 1 to 3.

In this embodiment, the cross section of the guide rail 14 is i-shaped, the guide rail 14 includes a first strip-shaped plate 15, a vertical guide plate 16 and a second strip-shaped plate 17, which are connected in sequence, the first strip-shaped plate 15 is parallel to the second strip-shaped plate 17, the first strip-shaped plate 15 is perpendicular to the vertical guide plate 16, the vertical guide plate 16 is parallel to the plane where the X axis and the Z axis are located, and the rack 13 is connected and fixed with the vertical guide plate 16 of the guide rail 14 through a connecting member 18, as shown in fig. 3.

In the present embodiment, the tractor 30 includes four guide wheel pairs 37, each of the four guide wheel pairs 37 is fixed with respect to the tractor housing 31, the four guide wheel pairs 37 are respectively a first guide wheel pair 371, a second guide wheel pair 372, a third guide wheel pair 373, and a fourth guide wheel pair 374, the first guide wheel pair 371 and the second guide wheel pair 372 are arranged in bilateral symmetry, the third guide wheel pair 373 and the fourth guide wheel pair 374 are arranged in bilateral symmetry, and the driving gear 33 is located between the first guide wheel pair 371 and the second guide wheel pair 372 along the Y-axis direction, as shown in fig. 5.

In the present embodiment, each guide wheel pair 37 includes two first guide pulleys, the axes of the two first guide pulleys in each guide wheel pair 37 are arranged along the Y-axis direction, the first guide wheel pair 371 is located directly above the third guide wheel pair 373, the second guide wheel pair 372 is located directly above the fourth guide wheel pair 374, and the two first guide pulleys of each guide wheel pair 37 each clamp the leading riser 16 of the leading rail 14, and as shown in fig. 5, each first guide pulley can roll up and down along the leading riser 16.

In this embodiment, the traction head 30 further includes two upper horizontal guide wheels 32, the two upper horizontal guide wheels 32 are a first upper horizontal guide wheel 321 and a second upper horizontal guide wheel 322, respectively, an axis of the first upper horizontal guide wheel 321 and an axis of the second upper horizontal guide wheel 322 are both disposed along the X-axis direction, the first upper horizontal guide wheel 321 and the second upper horizontal guide wheel 322 are disposed in bilateral symmetry, the first upper horizontal guide wheel 321 is disposed above the first guide wheel pair 371, the first strip-shaped plate 15 is disposed between the first upper horizontal guide wheel 321 and the first guide wheel pair 371, the second upper horizontal guide wheel 322 is disposed above the second guide wheel pair 372, the second strip-shaped plate 17 is disposed between the second upper horizontal guide wheel 322 and the second guide wheel pair 372, the first upper horizontal guide wheel 321 can roll up and down along an outer surface of the first strip-shaped plate 15, the second upper horizontal guide wheel 322 can roll up and down along an outer surface of the second strip-shaped plate 17, as shown in fig. 5.

In this embodiment, the traction head 30 further includes two lower horizontal guide wheels 35, the two lower horizontal guide wheels 35 are a first lower horizontal guide wheel 351 and a second lower horizontal guide wheel 352, the axis of the first lower horizontal guide wheel 351 and the axis of the second lower horizontal guide wheel 352 are both arranged along the X-axis direction, the first lower horizontal guide wheel 351 and the second lower horizontal guide wheel 352 are arranged in bilateral symmetry, the first lower horizontal guide wheel 351 is located below the third guide wheel pair 373, the first strip-shaped plate 15 is located between the first lower horizontal guide wheel 351 and the third guide wheel pair 373, the second lower horizontal guide wheel 352 is located below the fourth guide wheel pair 374, the second strip-shaped plate 17 is located between the second lower horizontal guide wheel 352 and the fourth guide wheel pair 374, the first lower horizontal guide wheel 351 can roll up and down along the outer surface of the first strip-shaped plate 15, the second lower horizontal guide wheel 352 can roll up and down along the outer surface of the second strip-shaped plate 17, reference may be made to fig. 3 and 5.

In this embodiment, the guide rail 10 further includes a steel support frame and a plurality of connection plates 19, the car guide rail 12 is fixedly connected to the connection plates 19, the traction head guide rail 11 is fixedly connected to the connection plates 19 through the rail brackets 110, the traction head guide rail 11 is located at the center of the two car guide rails 12, that is, the distance from the traction head guide rail 11 to the two car guide rails 12 is the same, the connection plates 19 are fixedly connected to the steel support frame, the steel support frame is located at the rear side of the connection plates 19, and the traction head guide rail 11 and the car guide rail 12 are both located at the front side of the connection plates 19, as shown in. The steel support frame is fixedly connected with the ground and the bearing wall.

In this embodiment, the elevator further includes a shaft 40, shaft frames 41 are disposed around the shaft 40, the shaft frames 41 are of a cylindrical structure, the shaft frames 41 are disposed along the Z-axis direction, a protective glass plate 43 is disposed between two adjacent shaft frames 41, the shaft 40 includes a plurality of elevator doors 42 sequentially disposed along the vertical direction, the elevator doors 42 and the car door 23 of the car 20 are both located on the front side of the elevator, and the guide rail 10 and the traction head 30 are both located on the rear side of the elevator, as shown in fig. 1 to 9.

In this embodiment, the traction head 30 further includes a suspension ring, a motor 38, a speed reducer 39 and an anti-falling safety device 36, the traction head 30 is located above the car 20, the traction head 30 is hinged to the car 20 through a car connecting shaft 34, as shown in fig. 1 and 6, the suspension ring is fixed outside the upper end of the traction head housing 31, the motor 38 is connected to the driving gear 33 through the speed reducer 39, an output shaft of the motor 38 is perpendicular to an axis of the driving gear 33, and a gear of the anti-falling safety device 36 is meshed with the rack 13. The gear of the anti-falling safety device 36 is positioned above the driving gear 33, and the anti-falling safety device 36 and the motor 38 are arranged on the left and right sides.

The working principle of the traction head is as follows:

the motor 38 reduces the rotation speed through the speed reducer 39, outputs torque, provides lifting power for the whole lifter, and the driving gear 33 is meshed with the rack 13 on the guide rail 10 to realize the lifting and descending of the lifter. The anti-falling safety device 36 is also arranged on the traction head, mainly used for realizing the function of braking at once when the elevator falls accidentally and the falling speed is more than 0.4m/s, and is a first safety protection device of the elevator. The leading wheel pair 37 is arranged to overcome bending moments from the car and the traction head.

The upper horizontal guide wheel 32, the car connecting shaft 34, the lower horizontal guide wheel 35, the lifting ring, the guide wheel pair 37, the motor 38 and the anti-falling safety device 36 are fixedly connected with the traction head shell 31.

Operating principle of guide rail

The guide rail 10 comprises a traction head guide rail 11 and a car guide rail 12, the traction head guide rail 11 is a core component of the whole elevator, provides supporting, positioning, transmission and guiding functions for the traction head 30, simultaneously bears all the torque transmitted from the guide wheel pair 37 and the car pulley 21, and has the advantages of being capable of overcoming bending moment and pressure in rigidity and having wear resistance due to frequent transmission. The car guide rails 12 serve to balance the car and ensure the stability of the car during lifting. During manufacturing, the guide rail is provided with standard section (segment) design and is processed in a segmented mode, and in engineering application, connection is carried out by using connecting accessories at two ends. Meanwhile, the steel support frame is fixed on a bearing wall of a building or a special steel member, and all force is transmitted to a fixed facility.

Operating principle of lift car

The car 20 includes a car pulley 21, a car steel member 22, a car door 23, a car floor 24, and a suspension ring 25.

The car 20 is a working member of the entire elevator, and functions to carry a person and control an elevating operation. The top of the car is connected with a traction head 30 in an articulated manner, and meanwhile, a gravity sensor is installed for measuring the bearing capacity of the car. The front and the back are provided with guide wheels for balancing the stress of the lift car and the stability in the running process.

The size of the car 20 is considered to be in terms of 3 persons standing, or the spatial arrangement of one person and one wheelchair. The car 20 is paved by ceramic tiles, and the car walls can be decorated by transparent materials.

Working principle of shaft

The shaft 40 is a protection device for the entire elevator, prevents a user from entering the lifting area of the elevator by mistake, and also plays a role in sound insulation and noise reduction. The whole structure of steel member that adopts, the surface covers has protective glass board 43, and protective glass board 43 and steel member (shaft frame 41) adopt riveted mounting means. The inner wall of the shaft 40 is connected with a steel support frame to play a bearing role. Guard rails are arranged outside the shaft 40, so that people can conveniently come in and go out of the elevator car when stopping. The shaft all is provided with elevator door 42 at every layer of stopping, and elevator door 42 is manual door, and elevator door 42 installs the electromagnetic lock, and when the car arrived the layer of stopping, ensured safety back, the electromagnetic lock was opened, and the people can manually open elevator door 42, and the door is pushed open outwards. The elevator calling board is installed near the floor, and an up-down button is arranged on the elevator calling board and used for a user to operate the button when the user needs to use the elevator.

The elevator of the invention also has the following functions:

1. overspeed mechanical protection function

When the running speed of the household intelligent elevator exceeds the rated speed and exceeds the set limit speed, the electric switch of the servo driver acts to close the brake, the brake is still stopped, the household intelligent elevator continues to descend at an overspeed, the anti-falling safety device acts to forcedly clamp the household intelligent elevator car on the guide rail in the hoistway, and simultaneously the safety loop of the household intelligent elevator is cut off again.

The overspeed protection function of the household intelligent elevator adopts multiple safety protection measures on the electrical control and mechanical structure design of the household intelligent elevator, and provides reliable protection for the personal safety of passengers of the household intelligent elevator.

2. Automatic layer selection function for abnormal door opening

When the household intelligent elevator cannot be normally opened due to the fact that door opening is blocked, the household intelligent elevator system can automatically calculate the door opening time, when the time exceeds a set value, the household intelligent elevator can automatically close the door and move to an adjacent service floor to try to open the door again, and therefore when the door opening fault occurs on a certain floor of the household intelligent elevator, passengers on the floor can leave the elevator car on the adjacent floor; and the household intelligent elevator system keeps a normal running state, and normal household intelligent elevator running is prevented from being influenced by the door opening fault of a certain layer.

3. Running frequency display function

An electromagnetic counter is arranged in a control cabinet of the household intelligent elevator, and can accumulate the running times of the household intelligent elevator. The customer can generally know the use condition of the household intelligent elevator through the running time value on the counter.

4. Manual leveling function in power failure

This function is applicable to the power supply electric wire netting of domestic intelligent elevator unstable, and the occasion of power failure trouble often appears, can be when the power supply electric wire netting of domestic intelligent elevator takes place to have a power failure, through the manual release function that domestic intelligent elevator configured, opens the stopper and utilizes gravity to make falling of car translation to the flat bed.

5. Emergency stop function

In order to better cope with emergency situations, the household intelligent elevator opens an emergency stop function to a user, so that the household intelligent elevator can be automatically stopped at a flat-bed position under normal conditions, and can be immediately stopped by pressing an emergency brake button under emergency conditions.

The above description is only exemplary of the invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention, so that the invention is intended to cover all modifications and equivalents of the embodiments described herein. In addition, the technical features, the technical schemes and the technical schemes can be freely combined and used.

Claims (1)

1. The guide rail for the elevator is characterized by comprising a traction head guide rail (11) and a car guide rail (12) in a space rectangular coordinate system taking an X, Y, Z axis as a coordinate axis, wherein the traction head guide rail (11) comprises a rack (13) and a guide rail (14), the rack (13) and the guide rail (14) are arranged along the Z-axis direction, and the rack (13) is fixed relative to the guide rail (14); the two car guide rails (12) are arranged along the Z-axis direction, the traction head guide rail (11) is positioned between the two car guide rails (12), and the rack (13) and the guide rail (14) are fixedly connected through the connecting piece (18);

the section of the guide rail (14) is I-shaped, and the guide rail (14) comprises a first strip-shaped plate (15), a guide vertical plate (16) and a second strip-shaped plate (17) which are sequentially connected;

the first strip-shaped plate (15) is parallel to the second strip-shaped plate (17), and the first strip-shaped plate (15) is vertical to the guide vertical plate (16);

the guide vertical plate (16) is parallel to the plane where the X axis and the Z axis are located, and the rack (13) is fixedly connected with the guide vertical plate (16) of the guide rail (14) through a connecting piece (18);

the guide rail (10) also comprises a plurality of connecting plates (19), the car guide rail (12) is fixedly connected with the connecting plates (19), the traction head guide rail (11) is fixedly connected with the connecting plates (19) through a guide rail bracket (110), and the traction head guide rail (11) and the car guide rail (12) are both positioned on the front side of the connecting plates (19);

the guide vertical plate (16) is positioned between the connecting piece (18) and the guide rail bracket (110), and the guide rail bracket (110) is positioned between the guide vertical plate (16) and the connecting plate (19);

the car guide rails (12) are channel steel, and the opening directions of the two car guide rails (12) are opposite;

the distance between the traction head guide rail (11) and the two car guide rails (12) is the same.