A kind of powder injection forming Ti-6Al-4V alloy feeding and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of powder metallurgy, and in particular to a kind of powder injection forming Ti-6Al-4V alloy feeding and
Preparation method.
Background technique
Ti-6Al-4V alloy has lightweight, high-strength, good resistance to corrosion and excellent biocompatibility, wide
It is general to be applied to medicine, sport, petrochemical industry, aerospace and metallurgical light industry multiple fields.Powder injection technology (PIM) is close
Year novel zero device fabrication techniques that develop rapidly, in terms of complicated shape part manufacturing, have high-precision, consistency,
Therefore low cost and large-scale production advantage are used widely in alloy part preparation field, have gradually formed metal powder
Injection molding technology (MIM).MIM technology is uniformly to be kneaded metal powder with organic binder, and alloy is obtained after pelletizing and is fed
Material;Alloy feeding, with solidified forming in injection machine injection die cavity, then uses chemistry or thermal decomposition under heating plasticizing state
Method will shape base in binder removing, most obtain a kind of alloy preparation techniques of product through sintering densification afterwards.In MIM
In technology, the mobility of alloy feeding has a direct impact product quality, and the preparation higher alloy feeding of mobility becomes MIM skill
A crucial link in art.At present although the mobility of Ti-6Al-4V alloy feeding is significantly improved, but more quick to temperature
Sense.If when range of temperature is 10 DEG C, Ti-6Al-4V alloy feeding glues using viscosity as alloy feeding the liquidity scale
Degree amplitude of variation reaches 20~60Pas, this results in alloy feeding to have to strict temperature control in process of injection molding,
Ensure that the viscosity of Ti-6Al-4V alloy feeding is consistent, to obtain the uniform alloy part of ingredient, limits MIM technology
Using.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of powder injection forming Ti-6Al-4V alloy feeding and preparation method thereof,
Powder injection forming prepared by the present invention is affected by temperature smaller with the mobility of Ti-6Al-4V alloy feeding.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of preparations of Ti-6Al-4V alloy feeding of powder injection forming
Method includes the following steps:
(1) spherical Ti-6Al-4V alloy powder is mixed with aspherical Ti-6Al-4V alloy powder, obtains raw alloy
Powder;
(2) raw material alloy powder that the step (1) obtains is mixed with catalysis degreasing type adhesive, obtains mixture;
(3) mixture that the step (2) obtains successively is subjected to mixing and granulation, obtains powder injection forming Ti-
6Al-4V alloy feeding;The mixing carries out under protective atmosphere.
Preferably, spherical shape Ti-6Al-4V alloy powder and aspherical Ti-6Al-4V alloy powder in the step (1)
Mass ratio is 45~55:50~55.
Preferably, the partial size of aspherical Ti-6Al-4V alloy powder is 45~50 μm in the step (1);
The spherical shape Ti-6Al-4V alloy powder includes that spherical corase meal and spherical fine powder are last, the spherical shape corase meal
Partial size is 30~40 μm, and the partial size at the spherical fine powder end is 20~25 μm.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the aspherical Ti-6Al-4V alloy powder, spherical corase meal and spherical fine powder end is 50
~55:35~40:10~15.
Preferably, the mass ratio of raw material alloy powder and catalysis degreasing type adhesive is 22~25:3 in the step (2)
~4.
Preferably, the catalysis degreasing type adhesive in the step (2) includes polyformaldehyde, polyethylene, ethene-vinyl acetate
Copolymer, paraffin and stearic acid.
Preferably, the polyformaldehyde, polyethylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, paraffin and stearic mass ratio are 84
~88:4~6:4~6:2~4:1.
Preferably, the temperature of mixing is 180~190 DEG C in the step (3), and the time of mixing is 1~1.5h.
The present invention also provides the powder injection forming Ti-6Al- that preparation method described in above-mentioned technical proposal is prepared
4V alloy feeding, the viscosity change amplitude of the alloy feeding≤8PaS/ DEG C.
Preferably, the partial size of powder injection forming Ti-6Al-4V alloy feeding is 5~6mm.
The present invention mixes spherical Ti-6Al-4V alloy powder with aspherical Ti-6Al-4V alloy powder, obtains raw material conjunction
Bronze end;Then obtained raw material alloy powder is mixed with catalysis degreasing type adhesive, obtains mixture;It is mixed by what is obtained again
It closes material to pelletize after mixing under protective atmosphere, obtains powder injection forming Ti-6Al-4V alloy feeding.The present invention by spherical and
Aspherical Ti-6Al-4V alloy powder is used cooperatively, and using the difference of alloy powder pattern, reduces the sky between raw material powder
Gap improves the consistency of alloy feeding;The mixing under protective atmosphere is avoided that oxidation of the oxygen to Ti in raw material alloy powder,
Ensure that alloy feeding has stable mobility and dimension shape.Embodiment the result shows that, powder injection forming prepared by the present invention
With Ti-6Al-4V alloy feeding when temperature is to change within the scope of 175~185 DEG C, viscosity is 95~103Pas, changes width
It is smaller to illustrate that the mobility for the Ti-6Al-4V alloy feeding that the present invention is prepared is affected by temperature, is for degree≤8PaS/ DEG C
Prepared composition is uniform, the preferable alloy part of intensity provides advantage.
Specific embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of preparations of Ti-6Al-4V alloy feeding of powder injection forming the present invention provides a kind of
Method includes the following steps:
(1) spherical Ti-6Al-4V alloy powder is mixed with aspherical Ti-6Al-4V alloy powder, obtains raw alloy
Powder;
(2) raw material alloy powder that the step (1) obtains is mixed with catalysis degreasing type adhesive, obtains mixture;
(3) mixture that the step (2) obtains successively is subjected to mixing and granulation, obtains powder injection forming Ti-
6Al-4V alloy feeding;The mixing carries out under protective atmosphere.
The present invention mixes spherical Ti-6Al-4V alloy powder with aspherical Ti-6Al-4V alloy powder, obtains raw material conjunction
Bronze end.In the present invention, the mass ratio of the spherical shape Ti-6Al-4V alloy powder and aspherical Ti-6Al-4V alloy powder
Preferably 45~55:50~55, further preferably 48~50:52~54.
In the present invention, the spherical shape Ti-6Al-4V alloy powder preferably includes spherical corase meal and spherical fine powder end, institute
The partial size for stating spherical corase meal is preferably 30~40 μm, and further preferably 33~37 μm;The partial size at the spherical fine powder end is excellent
It is selected as 20~25 μm, further preferably 21~24 μm.
In the present invention, the aspherical Ti-6Al-4V alloy powder is the alloy powder of irregular shape, including but not
It is limited to the rodlike of the bulk alloy powder of irregular shape, the sheet alloy powder of irregular shape or irregular shape.At this
In invention, the partial size of the aspherical Ti-6Al-4V alloy powder is preferably 45~50 μm, and further preferably 47~49 μm.
In the present invention, the mass ratio of the aspherical Ti-6Al-4V alloy powder, spherical corase meal and spherical fine powder end
Preferably 50~55:35~40:10~15, further preferably 51~54:36~38:11~13.
In the present invention, the mixing of the spherical shape Ti-6Al-4V alloy powder and aspherical Ti-6Al-4V alloy powder is excellent
Choosing is completed under agitation.In the present invention, the speed of the stirring is preferably 30~40rpm, further preferably 30~
35rpm;The time of the stirring is preferably 4~6h, further preferably 6h.In the present invention, the spherical shape Ti-6Al-4V is closed
The mixing of bronze end and aspherical Ti-6Al-4V alloy powder preferably passes through double-planet blender and completes.
Spherical and aspherical Ti-6Al-4V alloy powder is used cooperatively by the present invention, can not only reduce cost of material,
The difference of raw material alloy powder pattern can also be made full use of, the gap between raw material powder is reduced, improves the equal of alloy feeding ingredient
Even property.The present invention also passes through the reasonably combined of partial size and dosage, further increases the useful load of alloy feeding, reach 60~
65%, advantage is provided for the high-intensitive alloy part of preparation.
After obtaining raw material alloy powder, the present invention mixes the raw material alloy powder with catalysis degreasing type adhesive, obtains
To mixture.In the present invention, the mass ratio of the raw material alloy powder and catalysis degreasing type adhesive is 22~25:3~4,
Further preferably 24~25:4.In the present invention, the catalysis degreasing type adhesive includes polyformaldehyde (below with POM table
Show), polyethylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (being indicated below with EVA), paraffin (being indicated below with PW) and stearic acid it is (following
It is indicated with SA).In the present invention, the number-average molecular weight of the POM is preferably 80~100, and further preferably 85~95;At this
In invention, the number-average molecular weight of the EVA is preferably 1500~3000, and further preferably 1800~2200.In the present invention,
The POM is selected from Japanese Asahi Chemical Industry, the product that article number is 9520.In the present invention, the polyethylene is preferably that high density is poly-
Ethylene (indicates with HDPE) below, the preferred Formosa Plastics of HDPE, article number be 8050 it is commercially available
Product.In the present invention, the EVA is selected from carefree chemistry, and article number is the commercial product of VA900.In the present invention, the PW
Preferably crystallite paraffin wax is selected from Shanghai Sample Model Factory, article number Q/SOCC07.In the present invention, the SA chooses
From Indonesia, article number 1801.In the present invention, the mass ratio of described POM, HDPE, EVA, PW and SA are preferably 84
~88:4~6:4~6:2~4:1, further preferably 85~86:5:3:1.
The present invention carries out above-mentioned restriction to the composition and dosage of catalysis degreasing type adhesive, can further decrease binder
High temperature viscosity is conducive to the mobility for improving alloy feeding, and reduction is injected into parison internal porosity, and then improves alloy part
Intensity.
In the present invention, the mixing of the raw material alloy powder and catalysis degreasing type adhesive preferably in mixing equipment into
Row.The mixing of raw material alloy powder and catalysis degreasing type adhesive of the present invention is preferably completed in a heated condition, specific to grasp
It is as follows to make mode:
Raw material alloy powder and catalysis degreasing type adhesive are respectively placed in the mixed material area of mixing equipment, are filled with protection gas
Atmosphere, to reduce the oxygen content in mixing area.In the present invention, the oxygen content is preferably 1000ppm or less.The present invention is being filled with guarantor
When protecting atmosphere, mixing area is preferably preheated to smelting temperature.The present invention is not any spy to the specific embodiment of the preheating
It is different to limit, the smelting temperature can be reached.
Reach the smelting temperature, and the oxygen content in mixing area controls after the range, the present invention closes the raw material
The mixing area of mixing equipment is added in bronze end, is stirred, the speed of the stirring is preferably 10~15rpm, further preferably
For 12~15rpm;The time of the stirring is preferably 1~5min, further preferably 3~4min.To the raw alloy powder
After end is stirred, catalysis degreasing type adhesive is preferably added in the mixing area of mixing equipment and stirs by the present invention, so that described
Catalysis degreasing type adhesive is uniformly mixed with the raw material alloy powder, obtains mixture.In the present invention, the mixing speed
Preferably 10~15rpm, the time of the stirring are preferably 3~5min.
After obtaining mixture, the present invention carries out mixing to the mixture.Mixing of the present invention under protective atmosphere into
Row, the oxidation to avoid oxygen to the Ti element in mixture.Protective atmosphere of the present invention is preferably nitrogen atmosphere or argon gas
Atmosphere.In the present invention, the protective atmosphere is preferably so that the oxygen content of mixing environment is lower than 1000ppm.
In the present invention, the temperature of the mixing is preferably 180~190 DEG C, and further preferably 180~185 DEG C;It is described
The time of mixing is preferably 1~1.5h, further preferably 1.2~1.4h.When the present invention carries out mixing to the mixture, need
Revolving speed is controlled, so that mixture is sufficiently mixed.In the present invention, the revolving speed is preferably 40~45rpm, into one
Step is preferably 42~45rpm.The present invention is by mixture progress mixing, making the raw material alloy powder in mixture and urging
Change degreasing type adhesive to mix in the molten state, provides advantageous item to obtain the alloy feeding that component is uniform and mobility is stable
Part.
After mixing, the present invention pelletizes obtained mixing material, obtains alloy feeding.In the present invention, the conjunction
The partial size of golden feeding is preferably 5~6mm, further preferably 6mm.The present invention does not have special want to the concrete mode of the granulation
It asks, to be able to achieve the size controlling of above-mentioned alloy feeding.After the present invention carries out mixing and granulation to mixture, flowed
Dynamic property, dimension shape and the preferable alloy feeding of useful load.
The present invention also provides the powder injection forming Ti-6Al- that preparation method described in above-mentioned technical proposal is prepared
4V alloy feeding.Viscosity change amplitude≤8PaS/ of powder injection forming of the present invention Ti-6Al-4V alloy feeding
DEG C, further preferably 0.5~6PaS/ DEG C.In the present invention, powder injection forming Ti-6Al-4V alloy feeding
Partial size be preferably 5~6mm, further preferably 5mm.In the present invention, powder injection forming Ti-6Al-4V alloy
For feeding at 175~185 DEG C, viscosity is preferably 95~103PaS, further preferably 95PaS.In the present invention, described
The useful load of powder injection forming Ti-6Al-4V alloy feeding is 40~65%, further preferably 50~65%.
In order to further illustrate the present invention, below with reference to embodiment to powder injection forming Ti- provided by the invention
6Al-4V alloy feeding and preparation method thereof is described in detail, but they cannot be interpreted as to the scope of the present invention
It limits.
Embodiment 1:
By three kinds of Ti-6Al-4V alloy powders (aspherical powder that average particle size is 48.75 μm, average particle size 35.28
μm spherical corase meal and average particle size be 23.66 μm spherical fine powder end) matched, obtain raw material alloy powder.Aspheric
Shape powder, spherical corase meal and spherical fine powder end are prepared according to mass ratio 52:36:12, and are mixed on double-planet blender
Close 6h, revolving speed 45rpm.
Catalysis degreasing type adhesive is POM:HDPE:EVA:PW:SA=86:5:5:3:1 preparation according to mass ratio.
Catalysis degreasing type adhesive 400g and raw material alloy powder 2500g are respectively charged into clean plastic cup, then by two
Plastic cup is put into mixer mixed material area;It is filled with high pure nitrogen in mixer mixed material area, while preheating mixer.Work as mixer
Temperature reaches 175 DEG C, and when the oxygen content in mixing area is 900ppm, raw material alloy powder is poured into mixer, revolving speed is arranged
For 15rpm;When temperature reaches 175 DEG C again, catalysis degreasing type adhesive is poured into mixing area, setting revolving speed is 15rpm.
When temperature reaches 175 DEG C again, setting revolving speed is 45rpm, after mixing 1h, stops heating.It pelletizes after taking out cooling, obtains grain
Diameter is the powder injection forming Ti-6Al-4V alloy feeding of 6mm.
Powder injection forming Ti-6Al-4V alloy feeding is detected according to GB/T 10247-2008 Viscosity Measurement Methods
Viscosity performance, test result are shown in Table 1;Powder injection forming containing with Ti-6Al-4V alloy feeding is detected according to chemical capacity method
Oxygen amount, test result are shown in Table 1.
The powder injection forming being prepared is used for the preparation of alloy part with Ti-6Al-4V alloy feeding, is injected into
Type method particularly includes:
Powder injection forming is injected with Ti-6Al-4V alloy feeding at 175 DEG C, injection pressure 75MPa, dwell pressure
80MPa, injection speed 65mm/s are demoulded after cooling, and for gained alloy part at parison, apparent mass is intact, it is internal without be mingled with, gas
The defects of hole.
Alloy part is subjected to degreasing at parison in catalysis degreasing furnace, obtains pre-sintered body.Catalysis degreasing technique is de-
120 DEG C of rouge temperature, it is 1.5cc/min that nitric acid, which is passed through rate, and it is 120cc/min that nitrogen, which is passed through rate,.
The carbon dust that addition 25g in boat is finally burnt in the ceramics equipped with pre-sintered body, is sintered in high vacuum furnace, is sintered
Technique be 5 DEG C/min of heating rate, 1200 DEG C of sintering temperature, sintering time 120min, vacuum degree 1x10-3Pa, after natural cooling
Obtain Ti-6Al-4V alloy part.
With alloy part dimensional accuracy is measured microscopically, according to the densification of Archimedes drainage beta alloy part
Degree, test result are shown in Table 2.
Embodiment 2:
Alloy feeding is prepared according to the method for embodiment 1, the difference is that aspherical powder, spherical corase meal and spherical shape
Fine powder is according to mass ratio 55:35:10;POM:HDPE:EVA:PW:SA=84:5:6:4:1 in catalytic degreasing binder;Raw material
Alloy powder and the mass ratio of catalytic degreasing binder are 2400:35;Smelting temperature is 180 DEG C.
And obtained alloy feeding is prepared into Ti-6Al-4V alloy part in the way of embodiment 1.
With embodiment 1, specific test result is shown in Tables 1 and 2 for test content and test method.
Embodiment 3:
Alloy feeding is prepared according to the method for embodiment 1, the difference is that aspherical powder, spherical corase meal and spherical shape
Fine powder is according to mass ratio 50:35:10;POM:HDPE:EVA:PW:SA=86:4:5:4:1 in catalytic degreasing binder;Mixing
Temperature is 185 DEG C.
And obtained alloy feeding is prepared into Ti-6Al-4V alloy part in the way of embodiment 1.
With embodiment 1, specific test result is shown in Tables 1 and 2 for test content and test method.
Embodiment 4:
Alloy feeding is prepared according to the method for embodiment 1, the difference is that aspherical powder, spherical corase meal and spherical shape
Fine powder is according to mass ratio 54:35:10;POM:HDPE:EVA:PW:SA=86:4:5:4:1 in catalytic degreasing binder;Mixing
Temperature is 185 DEG C.
And obtained alloy feeding is prepared into Ti-6Al-4V alloy part in the way of embodiment 1.
With embodiment 1, specific test result is shown in Tables 1 and 2 for test content and test method.
1 powder injection forming of table Ti-6Al-4V alloy feeding the performance test results
As shown in Table 1, powder injection forming prepared by the present invention is in shear rate with Ti-6Al-4V alloy feeding
2000S-1, and temperature be 175~185 DEG C under the conditions of, have lower viscosity, illustrate that the mobility of alloy feeding is preferable;And
Viscosity change amplitude is smaller, and the alloy feeding for illustrating that the present invention is prepared is affected by temperature less.
Table 2Ti-6Al-4V alloy part the performance test results
From the data in table 2, it can be seen that the powder injection forming that the present invention is prepared can be prepared with Ti-6Al-4V alloy feeding
Dimensional accuracy and the higher alloy part of consistency are obtained, illustrates that alloy feeding of the invention has excellent dimension shape performance, it can
Preparation for complicated shape alloy part.
From the data in table 2, it can be seen that bending strength can be prepared in Ti-6Al-4V alloy feeding provided by the invention is
1145MPa, tensile strength are the alloy part of 765MPa.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.