CN108322047A - A kind of the envelope tracking power supply and control method of hysteretic loop current control - Google Patents

A kind of the envelope tracking power supply and control method of hysteretic loop current control Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108322047A
CN108322047A CN201810144251.5A CN201810144251A CN108322047A CN 108322047 A CN108322047 A CN 108322047A CN 201810144251 A CN201810144251 A CN 201810144251A CN 108322047 A CN108322047 A CN 108322047A
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level
current
output
computing module
hysteresis
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CN108322047B (en
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王亚洲
阮新波
冷阳
李颖
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/157Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators with digital control
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H02M3/1584Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of envelopes of hysteretic loop current control to track power supply, is made of multi-level converter, AB classes linear amplifier and hysteresis current control circuit.AB class linear amplifiers are controlled using voltage close loop, ensure output voltage precision, while the output powering load of linear amplifier.Multi-level converter is made of level generating unit and level gating unit.Level generating unit generates the independent level of multichannel, hysteresis current control circuit selects level appropriate to export by level gating unit, the output of level gating unit passes through inductance powering load, the present invention can dynamically adjust the change rate fitting load current change rate of inductive current using the multi-level converter of hysteretic loop current control, it avoids because the two current changing rate difference is larger, it causes the switching frequency of switch converters significantly to increase, effectively improves the efficiency of system.

Description

A kind of the envelope tracking power supply and control method of hysteretic loop current control
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of envelopes of hysteretic loop current control to track power supply, is applied to the radio frequency work(of wireless telecom equipment Rate amplifier is powered, and the scope of communication and power conversion is belonged to.
Background technology
With the development of mobile communication, the quantity of user increases significantly, and leads to the data transmitted needed for mobile communication system Amount significantly increases.In addition to this, demand of the user to multimedia service, it is desirable that mobile communication system is capable of providing faster number According to transmission rate.In order to transmit more data in limited frequency spectrum resource and accelerate the transmission rate of data, need to use The higher modulation system of the availability of frequency spectrum, such as quadrature amplitude modulation and quadrature phase shift keying.But such modulation system can be led It causes the envelope of radiofrequency signal (Radio Frequency, RF) to change at random at any time, and there is larger peak-to-average power ratio (Peak to Average Power Ratio,PAPR).In order to ensure the linearity of RF signals transmissions, need to use at this time Linear power amplifier carries out power amplification such as A classes and AB power-like amplifiers to RF signals.But use constant pressure power supply Linear power amplifier is less efficient when amplification has the RF signals of larger PAPR, causes huge energy waste.Packet Winding thread tracks amplitude dynamic linear adjustment power amplification of (Envelope Tracking, the ET) technology according to RF signal envelopes The supply voltage of device is to be substantially improved the efficiency of power amplifier.According to research reports, include 20000 base stations to one For European typical telecommunications network, ET power supply modes are used when 3G is communicated, by saving more annual than traditional constant pressure power supply mode The power consumption of 28MW and 30,000,000 dollars of electricity charge spending, and can reduce by 110,000 tons of CO2 discharge capacitys.Therefore, envelope with Track technology has broad application prospects and huge society, economic value, while to environmental protection and mitigating greenhouse effects It has important practical significance.
Key components of the ET power supplys as ET technologies have larger shadow to the efficiency and the linearity of entire ET systems It rings.In order to obtain higher system effectiveness, it is desirable that ET power supplys itself have higher efficiency and bandwidth.And with mobile communication Development, the bandwidth of RF signal envelopes rapidly increase, and 5MHz has been reached in 3G communication systems, and in 4G communication systems, Bandwidth has been up to 20MHz.How efficient realize accurately tracks such fast-changing envelope signal, to ET power supplys Design propose great challenge.
Invention content
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to propose a kind of envelope tracking of hysteretic loop current control Power supply.
Technical scheme of the present invention is specific as follows:A kind of envelope tracking power supply of hysteretic loop current control, including AB class lines Property amplifier, AB class linear amplifier output ends with load connect, the tracking power supply further include multi-level converter and stagnant ring electricity Flow control circuit, the multi-level converter include level generating unit and level gating unit, and level generating unit output is more The independent level in road, level gating unit input terminal are connect with the independent level of multichannel, and hysteresis current control circuit is selected with level Logical unit connection, and control level gating unit and select all the way that level as output, connect one electric by the output of level gating unit Load both ends are connected in parallel on after sense together with the output of AB class linear amplifiers.
Above-mentioned technical proposal is further designed to:The level generating unit includes multichannel Buck converters, multichannel The input terminal of Buck converters is in parallel, and independent level all the way is exported per road Buck converters.
The level gating unit includes multiple gating switches, and each gating switch is by switching tube and Diode series group At, and input terminal connects independent level all the way.
The hysteresis current control circuit includes inductive current computing module, load voltage and current calculation module, stagnant ring Comparator, level value computing module and control signal generator module, the output end and load electricity of the inductive current computing module Pressure and the output end of current calculation module are connect with the input terminal of hysteresis comparator respectively, load voltage and current calculation module The output end of output end and hysteresis comparator is connect with the input terminal of level value computing module respectively, level value computing module it is defeated Outlet is connect with the input terminal of control signal generator module, and control signal generator module output control signal, which can Gating switch is controlled to open and close.
The output voltage of the AB classes linear amplifier uses closed-loop control.
A kind of method for controlling hysteresis loop current is used in the envelope power supply of hysteretic loop current control described in claim 2, special Sign is, includes the following steps:
Step 1, the ET power reference signals v by the last clock cycle (n-1)envInductive current computing module is inputted respectively With load voltage and current calculation module, and by the multi-way control signals of a upper clock cycle (n-1) input inductive current meter Module is calculated, the theoretical calculation inductive current i of present clock period n is obtained by calculation in inductive current computing moduleCSC_T;Load electricity Theoretical calculation load voltage v is obtained by calculation in pressure and current calculation moduleo_TWith theoretical calculation load current io_T
Step 2, by iCSC_TAnd io_THysteresis comparator is inputted, hysteresis comparator output S is obtainedhys
Step 3, by Shys、vo_TAnd io_TSuitable level value is calculated in input level value computing module;
Step 4, the level value input control signal generator module for obtaining step 3, obtain the multichannel of present clock period n Control signal S2~Sm, m is the way of independent level;
Step 5, by multi-way control signals S2~SmIt is respectively acting on corresponding gating switch SW2~SWm, control gating and open Start or stop is closed, and level gating unit exports multi-level converter copped wave point voltage v according to the keying situation of gating switchsw
The inductive current computing module calculates iCSC_TMethod be:
Wherein VkFor the independent level that level generating unit generates, 1≤k≤m, max (Sk·Vk) it is Sk·VkMaximum value, KvFor the voltage amplification factor of ET power supplys, TspFor the clock cycle.
The transmission characteristic of the hysteresis comparator is:
Wherein, Δ i is half ring width of hysteresis comparator.
The output of the level value computing module is divided into five kinds of situations, specially:
Wherein, V1~VmThe multichannel independence level generated for level generating unit.
Compared with prior art, the present invention having the beneficial effect that:
1, the present invention can dynamically adjust the change rate of inductive current using the multi-level converter of hysteretic loop current control It is fitted load current change rate, avoids, because the two current changing rate difference is larger, causing the switching frequency of switch converters big The increase of width effectively improves the efficiency of system.
2, in the present invention, hysteresis current control circuit is realized by FPGA, and replaces reality by inductive current computing module Sample circuit avoids using current sampler, the structure of control circuit simple.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the circuit diagram that the present embodiment envelope tracks power supply.
Fig. 2 is the structure chart that the present embodiment envelope tracks hysteresis current control circuit in power supply.
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of level generating unit.
Fig. 4 is the transmission characteristic schematic diagram of hysteresis comparator.
Fig. 5 is the key point oscillogram of level calculating unit.
Fig. 6 is the key point oscillogram of the present embodiment envelope tracking power supply.
Primary symbols in above-mentioned attached drawing are entitled:VinIt is the power supply electricity of AB classes linear amplifier and multi-level converter Pressure, venvIt is the reference signal of ET power supplys, vbiasFor bias voltage source, QuAnd QdFor the output power pipe of linear amplifier, ilinFor The output current of linear amplifier, iCSCFor inductive current, ioFor load current, voFor load voltage, RLdFor load resistance, vsw For multi-level converter copped wave point voltage, L is filter inductance, V1~VmFor the independent level that level generating unit generates, SW2~ SWmFor gating switch, S2~SmFor the corresponding control signal of gating switch, D1~Dm-1For blocking diode, KvFor the electricity of ET power supplys Press amplification factor, vo_TFor the load voltage of theoretical calculation, io_TFor the load current of theoretical calculation, iCSC_TFor the electricity of theoretical calculation Inducing current, Δ i are half ring width of hysteresis comparator, ShysFor the output of hysteresis comparator, TspFor digital control chip FPGA when The clock period.
Specific implementation mode
Need that the invention will be further described in conjunction with attached drawing below:
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the envelope of the hysteretic loop current control of the present embodiment tracks power supply, including AB class linear amplifiers, Multi-level converter and hysteresis current control circuit, the multi-level converter include that level generating unit and level gating are single Member, the independent level of level generating unit output multi-channel, level gating unit input terminal are connect with the independent level of multichannel, stagnant ring Current control circuit is connect with level gating unit, and control level gating unit select all the way level as output, level choosing Load both ends, supply voltage V are connected in parallel on together with the output of AB class linear amplifiers after output one inductance of series connection of logical unitinWith The negative terminal of load is grounded.
Its linear amplifiers is controlled using voltage close loop, by sampling load voltage vo, sampled value and reference signal venv Compare, error signal is sent into voltage regulator, the output power pipe Q of the output driving linear amplifier of voltage regulatoruAnd Qd
Level generating unit is by input voltage VinMultiple independent level values are transformed into, there are many realization method, this realities Example is applied to use using the independent Buck converters realization of multichannel, the input terminal of circuit diagram multichannel Buck converters as shown in Figure 3 It is connected in parallel on input voltage VinOn, export independent level all the way per road Buck converters.It is opened by one per road Buck converters Pass, a diode, an inductance and a capacitance composition, diode cathode is with inductance one end by switching with supply voltage just Pole connects, diode cathode ground connection, capacitance one end ground connection, and the other end is connect with the inductance other end, and capacitance both end voltage is all the way Independent level.
The level value that level gating unit selection level generating unit generates is added on inductance side, to adjust inductive current to negative Carry power supply.Level gating unit is made of multiple gating switches, and each gating switch is made of switching tube and Diode series.Cause Forward voltage is born always for the corresponding gate tube of maximum level, therefore the diode of corresponding maximum level can remove.And because When all gate tubes are all off, minimum level is connected naturally by diode, so the switching tube of corresponding minimum level can Removal.
As shown in Fig. 2, hysteresis current control circuit is realized by FPGA, realize control the specific steps are:
Step 1, the ET power reference signals v by the last clock cycle (n-1)envInductive current computing module is inputted respectively With load voltage and current calculation module, and by the multi-way control signals of a upper clock cycle (n-1) input inductive current meter Module is calculated, the theoretical calculation inductive current i of present clock period n is obtained by calculation in inductive current computing moduleCSC_T;Load electricity Theoretical calculation load voltage v is obtained by calculation in pressure and current calculation moduleo_TWith theoretical calculation load current io_T
Step 2, by iCSC_TAnd io_THysteresis comparator is inputted, hysteresis comparator output S is obtainedhys
Step 3, by Shys、vo_TAnd io_TSuitable level value is calculated in input level value computing module;
Step 4, the level value input control signal generator module for obtaining step 3, obtain the multichannel of present clock period n Control signal S2~Sm, m is the way of independent level;
Step 5, by multi-way control signals S2~SmIt is respectively acting on corresponding gating switch SW2~SWm, control gating and open Start or stop is closed, and level gating unit exports multi-level converter copped wave point voltage v according to the keying situation of gating switchsw
Wherein inductive current computing module substitutes actual sample value by theoretical calculation inductor current value, participates in control signal Generation.Specially:The inductor current value i in nth clock periodCSC_TIt (n), can be according to the inductance electricity of a upper clock cycle Flow valuve iCSC_T(n-1), it and is added in the voltage calculating at inductance both ends and obtains.Load voltage and current calculation module are by inputting base Calibration signal venv, then by venvAmplify KvLoad voltage is waited until again, and then the voltage-drop loading is in load RLdOn obtain load current, The load voltage of ET power supplys is to reference signal venvLinear Amplifer, exist
vo=Kv·venv (1)
And then inductive current expression formula is
Wherein max (Sk·Vk) it is Sk·VkMaximum value.
Fig. 4 provides the transmission characteristic of hysteresis comparator, works as iCSC_T(n)<io_T(n)-Δ i when, Shys=1, work as iCSC_T(n)> io(n)+Δ i when, Shys=0, work as io_T(n)-Δi≤iCSC_T(n)≤io_T(n)-Δ i when, ShysIt remains unchanged, ShysSpecifically may be used It is expressed as
Level value computing module is according to the output S of hysteresis comparatorhys, io_TAnd vo_TInformation calculate and select it is suitable Level value.Following five kinds of situations are specifically divided into, as shown in figure 5, being specially:
Situation I:Shys, and S (n-1)=0hys, and i (n)=1o_T(n)<io_T(n+1), such as t1Shown in moment, in order to ensure Inductive current need to be more than load current climbing to the tracking performance of load current, inductive current climbing, at this time vsw(n) need to expire Foot
In order to reduce the equivalent switching frequency of multi-level converter, the two slope should be as close possible to, at this time vsw(n) it chooses Meet the minimum level value of formula (4).
Situation II:Shys, and S (n-1)=0hys, and i (n)=1o_T(n)≥io_T(n+1), such as t3Shown in moment, in order to protect It demonstrate,proves inductive current to rise, at this time vsw(n) it needs to meet
vsw(n) > vo_T(n) (5)
V at this timeswSelection meets the minimum level value of formula (5).
Situation III:Shys, and S (n-1)=1hys, and i (n)=0o_T(n)≥io_T(n+1), such as t4Shown in moment, in order to Ensure that tracking performance of the inductive current to load current, inductive current rate of descent need to be more than load current rate of descent, at this time vsw(n) It needs to meet
V at this timesw(n) the maximum level value for meeting formula (6) is chosen.
Situation IV:Shys, and S (n-1)=1hys, and i (n)=0o_T(n)<io_T(n+1), such as t2Shown in moment, in order to protect It demonstrate,proves inductive current to decline, at this time vsw(n) it needs to meet
vsw(n) < vo_T(n) (7)
V at this timesw(n) the maximum level value for meeting formula (6) is chosen.
Situation V:Shys(n-1)=Shys(n), v at this timesw(n) it remains unchanged, i.e. vsw(n)=vsw(n-1)。
To sum up, vsw(n) expression formula is:
Wherein min and max is to be minimized and max function.
It controls signal generator module and calculates the v generated according to level value computing modulesw(n), corresponding control signal is generated. Work as vsw(n)=Vk, S2~Sk=1, Sk+1~Sm=0.
Fig. 6 gives the present embodiment using the key point waveform of the envelope tracking power supply of hysteretic loop current control, inductance electricity Stream can accurately track load current, and hysteresis current control circuit can be appropriate according to the selection of the change rate of load current Level value is to adjust the change rate of inductive current.
Above-described embodiment Specifeca tion speeification is:
● input voltage Vin:30V;
● tracking signal:WCDMA envelope signals;
● signal bandwidth:5MHz;
● voltage reference signal venvRange:0.96V~2.64V;
● load voltage voRange:9.6V~26.4V;
● load resistance RLd:15Ω.
Technical scheme of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, all to modify or wait according to the technique and scheme of the present invention Obtained technical solution is replaced together, should all be covered in the range of the present invention is protected.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of envelope of hysteretic loop current control tracks power supply, including AB class linear amplifiers, the output of AB class linear amplifiers End is connected with load, and feature is:Further include multi-level converter and hysteresis current control circuit, the multi-level converter Including level generating unit and level gating unit, the independent level of level generating unit output multi-channel, level gating unit is defeated Enter end to connect with the independent level of multichannel, hysteresis current control circuit is connect with level gating unit, and it is single to control level gating Member select all the way that level is as output, output one with AB class linear amplifiers after the exporting of level gating unit connects an inductance It rises and is connected in parallel on load both ends.
2. the envelope of hysteretic loop current control tracks power supply according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The hysteresis current control Circuit processed include inductive current computing module, load voltage and current calculation module, hysteresis comparator, level value computing module and Control signal generator module, the output end of the output end and load voltage and current calculation module of the inductive current computing module It is connect respectively with the input terminal of hysteresis comparator, the output of the output end and hysteresis comparator of load voltage and current calculation module End is connect with the input terminal of level value computing module respectively, output end and the control signal generator module of level value computing module Input terminal connects, and control signal generator module output control signal, the control signal can control gating switch to open and close.
3. a kind of method for controlling hysteresis loop current is used in the envelope power supply of hysteretic loop current control described in claim 2, feature It is, includes the following steps:
Step 1, the ET power reference signals v by the last clock cycle (n-1)envInductive current computing module is inputted respectively and is born Voltage and current computing module is carried, and the multi-way control signals of a upper clock cycle (n-1) input inductive current is calculated into mould The theoretical calculation inductive current i of present clock period n is obtained by calculation in block, inductive current computing moduleCSC_T;Load voltage and Theoretical calculation load voltage v is obtained by calculation in current calculation moduleo_TWith theoretical calculation load current io_T
Step 2, by iCSC_TAnd io_THysteresis comparator is inputted, hysteresis comparator output S is obtainedhys
Step 3, by Shys、vo_TAnd io_TSuitable level value is calculated in input level value computing module;
Step 4, the level value input control signal generator module for obtaining step 3, obtain the multi-channel control of present clock period n Signal S2~Sm, m is the way of independent level;
Step 5, by multi-way control signals S2~SmIt is respectively acting on corresponding gating switch SW2~SWm, control gating switch and open It closes, level gating unit exports multi-level converter copped wave point voltage v according to the keying situation of gating switchsw
4. method for controlling hysteresis loop current according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the inductive current computing module calculates iCSC_TMethod be:
Wherein VkFor the independent level that level generating unit generates, 1≤k≤m, max (Sk·Vk) it is Sk·VkMaximum value, KvFor The voltage amplification factor of ET power supplys, TspFor the clock cycle.
5. method for controlling hysteresis loop current according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the transmission characteristic of the hysteresis comparator For:
Wherein, Δ i is half ring width of hysteresis comparator.
6. method for controlling hysteresis loop current according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the output of the level value computing module point For five kinds of situations, specially:
Wherein, V1~VmThe multichannel independence level generated for level generating unit.
7. method for controlling hysteresis loop current according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the control signal generator module is according to electricity Level values computing module calculates the level value generated, and the method for generating corresponding control signal is:Work as vsw(n)=Vk, S2~Sk=1, Sk+1~Sm=0.
CN201810144251.5A 2018-02-11 2018-02-11 Hysteresis current controlled envelope tracking power supply and control method Expired - Fee Related CN108322047B (en)

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CN114865894A (en) * 2022-05-30 2022-08-05 南京邮电大学 Method for generating control signal of switch converter in envelope tracking power supply
CN114865894B (en) * 2022-05-30 2023-03-31 南京邮电大学 Method for generating control signal of switch converter in envelope tracking power supply

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