CN108318966B - A kind of photonic crystal fiber with high birefringence and high brillouin gain - Google Patents
A kind of photonic crystal fiber with high birefringence and high brillouin gain Download PDFInfo
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- CN108318966B CN108318966B CN201810329958.3A CN201810329958A CN108318966B CN 108318966 B CN108318966 B CN 108318966B CN 201810329958 A CN201810329958 A CN 201810329958A CN 108318966 B CN108318966 B CN 108318966B
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 239000004038 photonic crystal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000016507 interphase Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000025174 PANDAS Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000021155 Paediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infection Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009022 nonlinear effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02295—Microstructured optical fibre
- G02B6/02314—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of photonic crystal fiber with high birefringence and high brillouin gain, the photonic crystal fiber ontology comprising pure quartz glass material, refractive index 1.45, velocity of sound 5972m/s, density 2203kg/m3Photonic crystal fiber ontology section radius is 7.3 μm, to 7 layers of round airport of outer interphase distribution and oval airport in being provided in photonic crystal fiber ontology, the refractive index of round airport is 1, adjacent round airport center spacing Λ is 1.5 μm, oval airport center spacing Λ is 1.5 μm, and round airport and oval airport center spacing Λ/2 are 0.75 μm, the diameter d of round airport1Range is 0.6~1.0 μm, and the ratio between semi-major axis a and semi-minor axis b of oval airport are 1~5, and long axis range is 0.3~0.5 μm, round airport diameter d four big2Range is 1.3~1.5 μm, and big circle airport is between left and right 4.2 μm away from M, and big circle airport is between the upper and lower 2.6~3.0 μm away from N range.The double refractive inde of optical fiber of the present invention is 1.6*10‑3, brillouin gain coefficient is 5.83*10‑ 12m/W。
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of photonic crystal fiber, especially a kind of photon with high birefringence and high brillouin gain
Crystal optical fibre.
Background technique
Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques based on Brillouin scattering realize temperature using the Brillouin scattering effect in optical fiber
It is measured with the continuously distributed formula of strain, can be used as the failure in the numerous areas such as the energy, electric power, building, communication, traffic, security protection
Diagnosis and accident early warning means.In order to reduce influence of the polarization mode coupling to sensor-based system signal-to-noise ratio in ordinary optic fibre, in cloth
Deep optical fiber sensing system generally uses the polarization maintaining optical fibre with high birefringence characteristic as sensor fibre.But at present include polarization-maintaining
Nonlinear effect is not high in traditional solid core optical fiber including optical fiber, and brillouin gain coefficient is generally lower, so as to cause sensing system
The signal-to-noise ratio and measurement accuracy of system are relatively low.The shortcomings that in order to overcome traditional fiber, is highly desirable to design with Gao Shuan
The novel optical fiber of refraction and high brillouin gain.
Photonic crystal fiber has the characteristics that flexible structure is changeable, it can be achieved that high non-linearity effect, to design novel optical fiber
It improves conveniently.Designer can be by changing the hollow pore opening of photonic crystal fiber, arrangement, shape, spacing and optical fiber material
The parameters such as material doping, design the optical fiber of different characteristics.Therefore photonic crystal fiber adjustability with higher in structure.Separately
On the one hand, in high double-refraction photon crystal fiber, Light Energy is limited in lesser optical fiber regional area, can significantly mention
The efficiency that high non-linearity optical effect generates has the nonlinear factor higher than ordinary optic fibre.
Although having high double-refraction photon crystal fiber now, brillouin gain coefficient is not high.2000, Britain
A.Ortigosa-Blanch of Bath university et al. successfully has developed first high double-refraction photon crystal fiber in the world,
They introduce asymmetry using the airport of different-diameter in covering, are accomplished that geometry is birefringent.In 1.54 mum wavelengths
The birefringent of place's generation reaches 3.7*10-3.The double refractive inde of general photonic crystal fiber is about 10-3Magnitude.But
Their brillouin gain coefficient is all universal lower.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of with the photon of high birefringence and high brillouin gain crystalline substance
Body optical fiber, the characteristics of passing through high birefringence, reduce the influence in optical fiber because of polarization mode coupling to sensor-based system signal-to-noise ratio, improve
Brillouin gain is to increase the measurement accuracy of distributed Brillouin sensing system.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that:
A kind of photonic crystal fiber with high birefringence and high brillouin gain, it is characterised in that: include pure quartzy glass
The photonic crystal fiber ontology of glass material, refractive index 1.45, velocity of sound 5972m/s, density 2203kg/m3, photon crystalline substance
Body optical fiber ontology section radius is 7.3 μm, and 7 layers that interphase distribution from the inside to the outside is provided in photonic crystal fiber ontology are round empty
Stomata and oval airport, round airport are distributed in class rectangle, and the nested arrangement therewith of oval airport is filled with air
Round airport refractive index be 1, adjacent round airport center spacing Λ be 1.5 μm, adjacent oval airport
Center spacing Λ is 1.5 μm, and adjacent round airport and oval airport center spacing Λ/2 are 0.75 μm, round air
The diameter d in hole1Range is 0.6~1.0 μm, and the ratio between semi-major axis a and semi-minor axis b of oval airport are 1~5, long axis length
Range is 0.3~0.5 μm, and the big round airport diameter of four at fibre core is greater than remaining round airport, diameter d2
Range is 1.3~1.5 μm, and big circle airport is between left and right 4.2 μm away from M, and the range away from N is big circle airport between the upper and lower
1.3~1.5 μm.
Further, the round air pore radius d1/ 2 be 0.3 μm, the semi-major axis and semi-minor axis of oval airport it
Than being 4, the semi-major axis a and semi-minor axis b of oval airport are respectively 0.5 μm and 0.125 μm, the diameter d of big circle airport2
It is 1.4 μm, big circle airport is between left and right 4.2 μm away from M, and big circle airport is between the upper and lower 1.4 μm away from N.
Further, the photonic crystal fiber is 1.4222 in the effective refractive index of X-direction, effective refraction of Y-direction
Rate is 1.4238, double refractive inde 1.6*10-3。
Further, there is maximum gain at frequency 10.97GHz in the brillouin gain spectrum of the photonic crystal fiber,
For 5.83*10-12m/w。
Further, the optical mode of the photonic crystal fiber is single mode, and mould field energy is mainly distributed on fibre core, is in
Gaussian shaped profile.
Compared with prior art, the present invention having the following advantages that and effect: the birefringent system of photonic crystal fiber of the present invention
Number is compared with common polarization maintaining optical fibre PANDA or Bow-tie, and birefringence improves 10 times, and brillouin gain coefficient improves about 3
Times, therefore the signal-to-noise ratio of sensor-based system is expected to effectively improve with measurement accuracy.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic diagram of photonic crystal fiber with high birefringence and high brillouin gain of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a kind of X-direction light field of photonic crystal fiber with high birefringence and high brillouin gain of the invention
Mode distribution map.
Fig. 3 is a kind of Y-direction light field of photonic crystal fiber with high birefringence and high brillouin gain of the invention
Mode distribution map.
Fig. 4 is a kind of the first sound field mould of photonic crystal fiber with high birefringence and high brillouin gain of the invention
Formula distribution map.
Fig. 5 is a kind of the second sound field mould of photonic crystal fiber with high birefringence and high brillouin gain of the invention
Formula distribution map.
Fig. 6 is a kind of third sound field mould of photonic crystal fiber with high birefringence and high brillouin gain of the invention
Formula distribution map.
Fig. 7 is Brillouin scattering gain spectral of the invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing and by embodiment, and following embodiment is to this hair
Bright explanation and the invention is not limited to following embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of photonic crystal fiber with high birefringence and high brillouin gain of the invention, its light
Fine section is circle airport class rectangle distribution, the nested arrangement therewith of oval airport；The folding of round airport filled with air
Penetrating rate is 1；The fiber optic materials of photonic crystal fiber are pure quartz glass, refractive index 1.45, velocity of sound 5972m/s, density
For 2203kg/m3；The photonic crystal fiber section radius is 7.3 μm, including arrange from the inside to the outside 7 layers round airport and
Oval airport interphase distribution, adjacent center of circular hole spacing Λ are 1.5 μm；Adjacent elliptical aperture center spacing Λ is 1.5 μm；
Adjacent circular hole and elliptical aperture center spacing Λ/2 is 0.75 μm；The radius diameter d of round airport1Range is 0.6~1.0 μ
M, the ratio between semi-major axis a and semi-minor axis b of oval airport are 1~5, and long axis range is 0.3~0.5 μm, at fibre core
Four big round airport diameter is greater than remaining round airport, diameter d2Range is 1.3~1.5 μm, big circle airport
Be between left and right 4.2 μm away from M, big circle airport is between the upper and lower 1.3~1.5 μm away from N range.
Preferably, round air pore radius d1/ 2 be 0.3 μm, and the ratio between semi-major axis and semi-minor axis of oval airport are 4,
The semi-major axis a and semi-minor axis b of oval airport are respectively 0.5 μm and 0.125 μm, the diameter d of big circle airport2For 1.4 μ
M, big circle airport is between left and right 4.2 μm away from M, and big circle airport is between the upper and lower 1.4 μm away from N.
Photonic crystal fiber is 1.4222 in the effective refractive index of X-direction, and the effective refractive index of Y-direction is 1.4238, double
Refraction coefficient is 1.6*10-3.There is maximum gain at frequency 10.97GHz in the brillouin gain spectrum of photonic crystal fiber, is
5.83*10-12m/w.The optical mode of photonic crystal fiber is single mode, and mould field energy is mainly distributed on fibre core, in Gaussian point
Cloth.
As shown in Figure 4,5, 6, the acoustics mould field that Brillouin scattering spectrum signature is codetermined with optical mode, is distributed in fibre core
It is interior and be axial symmetry distribution, including three acoustic modes, wherein the distribution of first sound pattern and third sound pattern belongs to
Circle is symmetrical, and the distribution of second sound pattern belongs to axial symmetry.
The present invention devises a kind of photonic crystal fiber with high brillouin gain and high birefringence.When Λ be 1.5 μm,
d1It is 0.6 μm, d2It is 1.4 μm, a is 0.5 μm, and b is 0.125 μm, and when M is 4.2 μm and N is 1.4 μm, and the airport number of plies is 7,
When incident light wave is 1.55 μm a length of, double refractive inde 1.6*10-3, brillouin gain coefficient is 5.83*10-12M/w is (with allusion quotation
The brillouin gain coefficient 1.6*10 of type step change type traditional fiber-12M/w is compared, and gain coefficient improves 3 times), this will be in Brillouin
The precision of measurement is greatly improved in sensor-based system.
The present invention uses finite element method, is imitated in conjunction with finite element analysis software COMSOL Multiphysics
Very, the electromagnetic wave frequency domain physical field in wave optics and the pressure sound physical properties field in acoustics are added respectively, are obtained of the invention
Optics and acoustic mode Field distribution characteristic.According to the optical field distribution figure that emulation obtains, effective folding of X-direction and Y-direction is respectively obtained
Rate is penetrated, the double refractive inde of optical fiber is calculated according to double refractive inde calculation formula；By emulate obtained optical field distribution and
The data of sound-filed simulation corresponding to it import simulation calculation software Matlab, according to the calculation formula meter of brillouin gain coefficient
Calculate brillouin gain coefficient.
Double refractive inde formula is
B=nx eff-ny eff
In the present invention, by Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 it is found that the effective refractive index of X-direction is 1.4222, the effective refractive index of Y-direction is
1.4238.Therefore the double refractive inde of the photonic crystal fiber is 1.6*10-3.The double refractive inde of traditional polarization maintaining optical fibre about exists
10-4Magnitude, so the high birefringence coefficient of the invention improves 10 times or so.
Brillouin gain coefficient formula:
N in formulaeffFor effective refractive index, p12For the elasto-optical coefficient of quartz, value 0.12, ρ is the density of quartz, value
For 2210kg/m3；C is the light velocity in vacuum, value 3.0*108, fiFor the corresponding Brillouin's resonant frequency of sound pattern, △ fi
For the full width at half maximum (FWHM) for Lorentz lorentz's gain form, value 40MHz；ψ (x, y) is the distribution of light field mode, uz(x, y) is sound field mould
Formula distribution, ψ (x, y) and uz(x, y) is normalized respectively, can be obtained respectively by emulation.
According to brillouin gain coefficient formula, Brillouin scattering gain spectral of the invention as shown in Figure 7 has been obtained.In frequency
Occurring maximum gain at 10.97GHz is 5.83*10-12m/w.The brillouin gain of traditional step index fiber is 1.6*10-12m/
W, the brillouin gain of optical fiber of the present invention is approximately its 3.6 times, so effectively increasing brillouin gain, it is expected to improve Brillouin
The precision of sensor-based system.
Above content is only illustrations made for the present invention described in this specification.Technology belonging to the present invention
The technical staff in field can do various modifications or supplement or is substituted in a similar manner to described specific embodiment, only
It should belong to guarantor of the invention without departing from the content or beyond the scope defined by this claim of description of the invention
Protect range.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of photonic crystal fiber with high birefringence and high brillouin gain, it is characterised in that: include pure quartz glass
The photonic crystal fiber ontology of material, refractive index 1.45, velocity of sound 5972m/s, density 2203kg/m3, photonic crystal
Optical fiber ontology section radius is 7.3 μm, and 7 layers of round air of interphase distribution from the inside to the outside are provided in photonic crystal fiber ontology
Hole and oval airport, round airport are distributed in class rectangle, oval airport nested arrangement therewith, filled with air
The refractive index of round airport is 1, and adjacent round airport center spacing Λ is 1.5 μm, in adjacent oval airport
It is in the heart 1.5 μm away from Λ, adjacent round airport and oval airport center spacing Λ/2 are 0.75 μm, round airport
Diameter d1Range is 0.6~1.0 μm, and the ratio between semi-major axis a and semi-minor axis b of oval airport are 1~5, long axis length model
Enclosing is 0.3~0.5 μm, and the big round airport diameter of four at fibre core is greater than remaining round airport, diameter d2Model
Enclosing is 1.3~1.5 μm, and big circle airport is between left and right 4.2 μm away from M, and the range away from N is big circle airport between the upper and lower
1.3~1.5 μm.
2. a kind of photonic crystal fiber with high birefringence and high brillouin gain described in accordance with the claim 1, feature
It is: the circle air pore radius d1/ 2 be 0.3 μm, and the ratio between semi-major axis and semi-minor axis of oval airport are 4, ellipse
The semi-major axis a and semi-minor axis b of airport are respectively 0.5 μm and 0.125 μm, the diameter d of big circle airport2It is 1.4 μm, great circle
Shape airport is between the upper and lower 1.4 μm away from N.
3. a kind of photonic crystal fiber with high birefringence and high brillouin gain described in accordance with the claim 1, feature
Be: the photonic crystal fiber is 1.4222 in the effective refractive index of X-direction, and the effective refractive index of Y-direction is 1.4238, double
Refraction coefficient is 1.6*10-3。
4. a kind of photonic crystal fiber with high birefringence and high brillouin gain described in accordance with the claim 1, feature
Be: there is maximum gain at frequency 10.97GHz in the brillouin gain spectrum of the photonic crystal fiber, is 5.83*10-12m/
W。
5. a kind of photonic crystal fiber with high birefringence and high brillouin gain described in accordance with the claim 1, feature
Be: the optical mode of the photonic crystal fiber is single mode, and mould field energy is mainly distributed on fibre core, is in Gaussian shaped profile.
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| JP3909014B2 (en) * | 2002-12-11 | 2007-04-25 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | Single mode photonic crystal optical fiber |
| CN100585438C (en) * | 2008-10-30 | 2010-01-27 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of high non-linear single polarization single-mould photonic crystal fiber |
| CN103472527B (en) * | 2013-09-27 | 2015-08-05 | 天津理工大学 | A kind of High-birefringence low-confinement-lossphotonic photonic crystal fiber |
| CN104597558A (en) * | 2015-01-05 | 2015-05-06 | 合肥工业大学 | Novel high birefringence high non-linearirty photonic crystal fiber |
| CN205880273U (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2017-01-11 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | High birefringence low -loss photonic crystal optic fibre |
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