CN108318964B - Metamaterial optical fiber for realizing high absorption at terahertz frequency - Google Patents
Metamaterial optical fiber for realizing high absorption at terahertz frequency Download PDFInfo
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- CN108318964B CN108318964B CN201810196631.3A CN201810196631A CN108318964B CN 108318964 B CN108318964 B CN 108318964B CN 201810196631 A CN201810196631 A CN 201810196631A CN 108318964 B CN108318964 B CN 108318964B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02295—Microstructured optical fibre
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02295—Microstructured optical fibre
- G02B6/02314—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes
- G02B6/02342—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes characterised by cladding features, i.e. light confining region
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Abstract
A metamaterial optical fiber realizing high absorption at terahertz frequency. The invention discloses a metamaterial optical fiber for realizing high absorption in a terahertz waveband. The metamaterial optical fiber is composed of a fiber core and a cladding; the material of the fiber core is metal gold; the material of the cladding is a dielectric material; the cladding is provided with round holes which are parallel to the axial direction of the optical fiber and uniformly distributed around the optical fiber axis, the Au micron lines are filled in the round holes, and the filled Au micron lines and the round holes form a microstructure together. The metamaterial optical fiber can realize omnidirectional high absorption on electromagnetic waves which are vertically incident to the side surface of the optical fiber and have a specific polarization direction, the limitation of the existing metamaterial wave absorber on the direction of the incident electromagnetic waves is removed, meanwhile, the optical fiber can be prepared by the existing optical fiber preparation technology, and the preparation cost is low.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metamaterial optical fibers, and particularly relates to a metamaterial optical fiber capable of realizing high absorption at terahertz frequency.
Background
The metamaterial is an artificial composite structure material with extraordinary physical properties which natural materials do not have, and the most typical metamaterial is an electromagnetic metamaterial capable of manipulating electromagnetic waves. The electromagnetic properties of an electromagnetic metamaterial do not depend on the intrinsic properties of the constituent materials, but on the microstructure of the metamaterial. When the metamaterial interacts with electromagnetic waves, the electromagnetic property of the metamaterial can be represented by equivalent dielectric constant and equivalent magnetic permeability. Therefore, by designing the structural unit and the relevant size of the metamaterial, the equivalent dielectric constant and the equivalent magnetic permeability of the metamaterial can be regulated, and the functional control of the metamaterial on electromagnetic waves is realized. Due to the characteristics of the electromagnetic metamaterial, the metamaterial can be applied to the fields of negative refractive index materials, perfect lenses, electromagnetic stealth and the like.
Terahertz waves refer to waves with a frequency of 0.1 ~ 10 THz (1 THz = 10)12Hz), a section of electromagnetic wave with the wavelength between 0.03 ~ 3 mm and between microwave and far infrared radiation, the terahertz spectrum of many substances contains very rich physical and chemical information, which is significant for the exploration of substance structuresThe method has important significance in the fields of terahertz time-domain spectroscopy, terahertz imaging technology, security inspection, terahertz radar and the like. However, at present, besides terahertz light sources and detectors, functional materials and devices of terahertz wave bands are lacked, and development and wide application of terahertz technology are greatly limited. Therefore, deep research on novel terahertz optical functional devices is necessary to realize effective control of terahertz waves, and terahertz metamaterials are the only medium for realizing regulation and control of complex terahertz waves.
The wave-absorbing metamaterial is an electromagnetic metamaterial which does not exist in the nature and is designed and manufactured manually. When electromagnetic waves are incident to the surface of the metamaterial structure, the electromagnetic waves are mainly interacted with an electric field and a magnetic field of the electromagnetic waves simultaneously through the microstructures to generate electric and magnetic resonance to realize wave absorption and realize perfect absorption, and the metamaterial structure has the characteristics of ultrathin structure, small volume, high absorption rate and the like. Since n.i.landy et al designed a metamaterial perfect absorber for the first time in 2008, the metamaterial absorber developed rapidly, and the wave-absorbing frequency band extended from the microwave band to the terahertz, infrared and optical frequency bands. Meanwhile, in order to overcome the defect that the metamaterial wave absorber is narrow in working frequency range, the metamaterial wave absorber with double frequency bands, multiple frequency bands and wide frequency bands is designed, and the purpose of hiding the multiple frequency bands can be achieved.
The existing metamaterial wave absorber is generally in a three-layer plane structure of metal-dielectric-metal, and the top layer is a structural unit and mainly generates electric resonance; the bottom metal layer is used for preventing transmission and generating magnetic resonance with the top structural unit. The existing metamaterial wave absorber has two main defects: firstly, only the electromagnetic waves incident in a specific direction are highly absorbed; and secondly, the two-dimensional planar metamaterial generally adopts preparation methods such as electron beam etching, focused ion beam etching or photoetching, and the preparation methods have extremely high cost, complex process and difficult control of manufacturing precision.
Different from the existing metamaterial wave absorber with a two-dimensional plane structure, due to the special symmetry of the optical fiber structure, the optical fiber can realize high absorption in all directions for electromagnetic waves in a specific polarization direction which are vertically incident to the side surface of the optical fiber, and the limitation of the existing metamaterial wave absorber on the direction of the incident electromagnetic waves is removed. In addition, the existing plane metamaterial wave absorber needs to be prepared by high-cost methods such as electron beam etching, focused ion beams, photoetching and the like, and the optical fiber with wave absorbing performance can be realized by using the existing optical fiber preparation technology, so that the preparation cost can be greatly reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a metamaterial optical fiber for realizing high absorption at terahertz frequency aiming at the defects of the prior art. The optical fiber can realize high absorption of the electromagnetic wave in the specific polarization direction vertically incident to the side surface of the optical fiber in all directions, the limitation of the existing metamaterial wave absorber on the incident electromagnetic wave direction is removed, meanwhile, the optical fiber can be prepared through the existing optical fiber preparation technology, and the preparation cost is low.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
A metamaterial optical fiber for realizing high absorption at terahertz frequency comprises a fiber core and a cladding;
the material of the fiber core is metal gold (Au);
the material of the cladding is a dielectric material; the cladding is provided with a plurality of round holes which are axially parallel to the optical fiber and uniformly distributed around the optical fiber axis, the Au micron lines are filled in the round holes, and the filled Au micron lines and the round holes jointly form a microstructure.
Preferably, the radius of the core is 130 ~ 150 μm.
Preferably, the thickness of the cladding is 4.5 ~ 5.5.5 μm.
Preferably, the dielectric material has a dielectric constant of 4.0 and a dielectric dissipation factor of 0.025.
Preferably, the diameter of the circular hole is 2 μm.
Preferably, the diameter of the Au microwire is the same as the diameter of the circular hole.
Preferably, the length of the Au micron line is 25 ~ 28 μm, more than one section of Au micron line is filled in each round hole, and the more than one section of Au micron lines are periodically arranged in each round hole along the axial direction of the optical fiber.
More preferably, the period has a length of 30 ~ 32 μm.
Preferably, the central angle between two adjacent circular holes is 10 degrees ~ 12 degrees.
Preferably, the distance between the center of the circular hole and the surface of the fiber core is 3 μm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
(1) the metamaterial optical fiber for realizing high absorption at terahertz frequency is different from the metamaterial wave absorber with the existing two-dimensional plane structure, due to the special symmetry of the optical fiber structure, the optical fiber can realize high absorption in all directions for electromagnetic waves in a specific polarization direction vertically incident to the side surface of the optical fiber, the peak absorption rate is up to 99%, and the limitation of the existing metamaterial wave absorber on the direction of the incident electromagnetic waves is removed;
(2) the metamaterial optical fiber for realizing high absorption at terahertz frequency is different from the existing two-dimensional plane metamaterial wave absorber and needs to be prepared by high-cost methods such as electron beam etching, focused ion beam or photoetching.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an assembly of a metamaterial optical fiber for achieving high absorption at terahertz frequencies according to the present invention;
FIG. 2a is a front view of a metamaterial optical fiber for achieving high absorption at terahertz frequency according to the present invention;
FIG. 2b is a top view of the metamaterial optical fiber for achieving high absorption at terahertz frequency according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic layout diagram of Au microns periodically arranged in a round hole in a cladding of a metamaterial optical fiber for realizing high absorption at terahertz frequency according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an absorption curve diagram of a metamaterial optical fiber for achieving high absorption at terahertz frequency according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to specific examples and drawings, but the scope and implementation of the present invention are not limited thereto.
In a specific embodiment, an assembly schematic diagram of a metamaterial optical fiber for realizing high absorption at terahertz frequency according to the present invention is shown in fig. 1, and a front view (cross section) and a top view are respectively shown in fig. 2a and fig. 2 b;
the optical fiber is composed of a fiber core and a cladding;
the material of the fiber core is metal gold (Au), and the radius (r) of the fiber core is 140 mu m;
the material of the cladding is a dielectric material, the dielectric material has a dielectric constant (ɛ) of 4.0 and a dielectric loss factor (tan delta) of 0.025; thickness (d) of the claddingc) Is 5 μm;
the cladding is provided with 30 round holes which are parallel to the axial direction of the optical fiber and are uniformly distributed around the axis of the optical fiber; the distance (d) between the center of each circular hole and the surface of the fiber core is 3 mu m, the diameter of each circular hole is 2 mu m, and the central angle (theta) between every two adjacent circular holes is 12 degrees; the round holes are filled with Au micron wires, the diameters of the Au micron wires are the same as the diameters of the round holes, the length (L) of the Au micron wires is 26 mu m, a plurality of sections of Au micron wires are filled in each round hole, the plurality of sections of Au micron wires are periodically arranged in each round hole along the axial direction of the optical fiber (as shown in figure 3), and the periodic length (a) is 30 mu m; the filled Au micron line and the round hole form a microstructure together.
When the incident electromagnetic wave vertically enters the surface of the optical fiber, the polarization direction of the electric field is along the axial direction of the optical fiber, and the absorption curve graph of the metamaterial optical fiber under the incident electromagnetic wave in the specific polarization direction is obtained by calculating through a finite time domain difference method, as shown in fig. 4, as can be known from fig. 4, the absorption rate peak value of the optical fiber is as high as 99%.
Claims (6)
1. A metamaterial optical fiber for realizing high absorption at terahertz frequency is characterized by comprising a fiber core and a cladding;
the fiber core is made of metal Au;
the material of the cladding is a dielectric material; the cladding is provided with a plurality of round holes which are axially parallel to the optical fiber and uniformly distributed around the optical fiber axis, the Au micron lines are filled in the round holes, and the filled Au micron lines and the round holes form a microstructure together;
the diameter of the Au micron line is the same as that of the round hole;
the length of the Au micron line is 25 ~ 28 microns, more than one section of Au micron line is filled in each round hole, and the more than one section of Au micron lines are periodically arranged in each round hole along the axial direction of the optical fiber, wherein the length of the period is 30 ~ 32 microns;
the central angle between two adjacent round holes is 10 degrees ~ 12 degrees.
2. A metamaterial optical fiber for achieving high absorption at terahertz frequencies as in claim 1, wherein the core has a radius of 130 ~ 150 μm.
3. A metamaterial optical fiber for achieving high absorption at terahertz frequencies as in claim 1, wherein the cladding has a thickness of 4.5 ~ 5.5.5 μm.
4. A metamaterial optical fiber for achieving high absorption at terahertz frequencies as in claim 1, wherein the dielectric material has a dielectric constant of 4.0 and a dielectric loss factor of 0.025.
5. A metamaterial optical fiber for achieving high absorption at terahertz frequencies as in claim 1, wherein the diameter of the circular hole is 2 μm.
6. A metamaterial optical fiber for achieving high absorption at terahertz frequencies as in claim 1, wherein the distance between the center of the circular hole and the surface of the fiber core is 3 μm.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105068179A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-11-18 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Fiber structure containing metal |
| CN105759345A (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2016-07-13 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | SPP optical fiber based on gold nanotubes and preparation method |
| CN105759346A (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2016-07-13 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | SPP optical fiber based on gold nanowires and preparation method |
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| GB0601886D0 (en) * | 2006-01-31 | 2006-03-08 | Lovering David | A high efficiency multi stage acousto-optic modulator |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105068179A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-11-18 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Fiber structure containing metal |
| CN105759345A (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2016-07-13 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | SPP optical fiber based on gold nanotubes and preparation method |
| CN105759346A (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2016-07-13 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | SPP optical fiber based on gold nanowires and preparation method |
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