CN108312497B - Unsupported 3D suspension printing structure and method - Google Patents
Unsupported 3D suspension printing structure and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108312497B CN108312497B CN201810141367.3A CN201810141367A CN108312497B CN 108312497 B CN108312497 B CN 108312497B CN 201810141367 A CN201810141367 A CN 201810141367A CN 108312497 B CN108312497 B CN 108312497B
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- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000984642 Cura Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012491 analyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005339 levitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an unsupported 3D suspension printing structure and a method, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method is characterized in that an ultrasonic suspension method is adopted, in the 3D printing process of the part, the part is placed in a sound field, the suspended or floating part is supported under the action of ultrasonic radiation force, the printing of initial layers of materials is guaranteed to be completed, the printing of subsequent layers is supported, and the 3D printing of the part is completed under the condition of no support. The invention greatly reduces the cost of the supporting material on one hand, greatly improves the manufacturing efficiency, and eliminates the influence on the product quality possibly brought by the unfavorable supporting on the other hand. Particularly for thin shell type parts, some supporting materials even account for more than 60% of the whole material, if the parts are printed without support, the cost is expected to be saved by more than 50%, the manufacturing period is shortened by more than 40%, and the quality problem caused by support removal is not worried about.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of 3D printing, and particularly relates to an unsupported 3D suspension printing structure and method.
Background
The 3D printing technical principle requires that the upper layer structure of the model is supported by the lower layer part, so that if some parts of the printed model are suspended or floated, a supporting structure needs to be designed during printing. When the Fused Deposition Method (FDM) is used for printing, the working principle is that after materials are heated to be in a semi-fluid state, the materials are extruded out of a printing flat plate in a mode of stacking layer by layer, although solidification is fast, the materials are influenced by gravity factors in the printing process, when a certain surface of a model and a vertical line have an angle alpha larger than 45 degrees and are suspended, the materials can fall before solidification, namely the 45-degree angle principle in 3D printing, namely, alpha is too large, and a supporting structure needs to be added. In addition, if the model has a floating structure, a space island is formed when the slice is printed, and the adding of the support is the only option.
Few and no supports are one of the hot spots of 3D printing research, but the current 'no support' does not realize real no support, and still belongs to the field of process structure optimization. The existing 'unsupported' printing method has limited application range, does not really realize unsupported printing and still belongs to the improvement of a less-supported process structure although the concept of 'unsupported' is mentioned. If the real unsupported printing is to be realized, the traditional 3D printing support research framework is broken through, subject intersection is considered, and innovation on a principle method is realized.
Ultrasonic levitation utilizes a high intensity sound field to generate sound radiation pressure, and the sound radiation pressure is balanced with the gravity of a suspended object, so that the object placed in the sound field is suspended. The technology is different from magnetic suspension, superconducting suspension, pneumatic suspension and other technologies, and can suspend any substance including liquid and solid. A typical standing wave device (commonly known as a uniaxial) consists of a circular transducer and a reflector which are coaxially arranged and spaced apart at a distance such that when the distance between the transmitting end and the reflecting end of the ultrasonic wave is an integral multiple of the half wavelength of the ultrasonic wave, the ultrasonic wave is repeatedly superposed between the transmitting end and the reflecting end, thereby establishing a standing wave of high pressure amplitude between the transmitter and the reflector, the resulting standing wave of high acoustic intensity acts on the sample in the standing wave field via the medium, thus suspending the sample. At present, ultrasonic standing wave suspension has no special requirements on the physicochemical properties of a suspended object, is mainly used for single particle or small droplet research, and can avoid analyte loss caused by uncertain adsorption, memory effect and pollution of a container wall.
The existence of 3D printing support on one hand increases the cost, and manufacturing inefficiency, on the other hand can cause the support to remove adverse effect product quality. When some complex curved surface thin shell type part models are integrally printed, supporting materials even account for more than 60% of the using amount of the integral materials, if the parts are printed under the condition of no support, according to the result of Cura analysis, the cost is expected to be saved by more than 50%, the manufacturing period is shortened by about 40%, and the quality problem possibly caused by support removal is not worried about.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a support-free 3D suspension printing structure and a method, which can realize support-free printing of various 3D printing technologies, save cost and improve manufacturing efficiency, thereby being beneficial to low-cost application and popularization of 3D printing.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a no support 3D suspension printing structure, includes ultrasonic phased array support, sets up the buzzer array in ultrasonic phased array support both sides, the ultrasonic emission power and the control mechanism of being connected with the buzzer array to and set up the 3D who beats printer head in ultrasonic phased array support top, wherein, two sets of buzzer arrays form the transmitting terminal and the reflection end of suspension sound field respectively.
A further improvement of the invention is that each group of buzzer arrays comprises tens to hundreds of buzzers.
An unsupported 3D suspension printing method comprises the following steps:
1) designing a suspension sound field according to the condition of the 3D printing equipment;
2) adjusting the nozzle diameter, temperature and wire feeding speed process parameters of the printing head;
3) combining the constructed suspension sound field with the existing 3D printing equipment;
4) the suspension sound field is composed of a buzzer array, the ultrasonic frequency and the amplitude are adjusted until more nodes appear, so that the nodes can support continuous wires, and the printing material can form a stable suspension point in 3D printing equipment;
5) the coordination relationship between the suspension point and the printing wire is integrally controlled, and the mutual coupling printing is realized.
The invention further improves that in the step 1), the 3D printing device is an FDM printer or a jet printing device.
The invention is further improved in that the printing material of the FDM printer is thermoplastic material.
The invention further improves that in the step 1), the suspension sound field is a standing wave suspension sound field.
A further development of the invention is that in step 2) the nozzle diameter of the print head is 0.4mm or 0.8 mm.
A further improvement of the present invention is that, in step 5), the coupling relationship refers to the coupling of the thermal field and the sound field.
The invention has the following advantages:
the ultrasonic suspension technology is applied to the 3D printing technology, the unsupported printing of the product is realized, and compared with the existing 3D printing method, the structure and the method have the following advantages:
1. the unsupported printing method disclosed by the invention can realize suspended printing of products under the unsupported condition, reduces the consumption of 3D printing materials, is significant especially for thin-shell parts, and can greatly improve the printing efficiency;
2. the unsupported suspension printing can be carried out without considering the problem of removing a supporting material, so that the surface quality of a product is ensured;
3. the application of the invention can effectively promote the reduction of the overall cost of 3D printing and effectively expand the application field and range of the printing machine.
4. 3D printing apparatus is continuous silk material printing apparatus such as FDM printer, also can be for spouting printing etc. from the printing apparatus who beats printer head and go out the material, not only can be used to non-metallic material printing apparatus, also can be used to metallic material's printing apparatus.
In conclusion, the invention greatly reduces the cost of the supporting material and greatly improves the manufacturing efficiency on one hand, and eliminates the influence on the product quality possibly brought by the unfavorable supporting on the other hand. Particularly for thin shell type parts, some supporting materials even account for more than 60% of the whole material, if the parts are printed without support, the cost is expected to be saved by more than 50%, the manufacturing period is shortened by more than 40%, and the quality problem caused by support removal is not worried about.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall structural diagram of the unsupported 3D suspended printing structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the sound field construction structure of the present invention.
In the figure: the ultrasonic printing device comprises a buzzer array, an ultrasonic phased array support 2, an ultrasonic transmitting power supply and a control mechanism 3 and a 3D printing head 4.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 2, a structure diagram of unsupported 3D suspension printing is shown, where fig. 1 is an overall 3D printing equipment diagram including a sound field arrangement and a printing head arrangement; FIG. 2 shows a sound field with a separate part, and the structure of the sound field comprises a generating power supply for constructing the sound field, and a transmitting end and a reflecting end which are connected with a generating power supply lead.
The invention provides a support-free 3D suspension printing structure which comprises an ultrasonic phased array support 2, buzzer arrays 1 arranged on two sides of the ultrasonic phased array support 2, an ultrasonic transmitting power supply and control mechanism 3 connected with the buzzer arrays 1, and a 3D printing head 4 arranged above the ultrasonic phased array support 2, wherein two groups of the buzzer arrays 1 respectively form a transmitting end and a reflecting end of a suspension sound field, and each group of the buzzer arrays 1 comprises dozens to hundreds of buzzers.
The invention provides a supportless 3D suspension printing method, which comprises the following steps:
1) dozens to hundreds of buzzers are taken according to the printing size and combined with a bracket into a certain shape to construct a transmitting end and a reflecting end so as to construct a suspended sound field;
2) the reasonable nozzle diameter of the printing head is designed, so that the weight of extruded wires is not higher than the radiation force of a sound field; the diameter of the nozzle of the printing head needs to consider that the mass of the filament is balanced with the radiation force of the suspension field, and the diameter of the nozzle can be 0.4mm or 0.8 mm; the wire outlet quality and the feeding mode of the nozzle of the printing head also have certain anti-interference capability, so that the suspension stability of wires is ensured;
3) the ultrasonic field structure and the 3D printer are effectively integrated, and structure avoidance is made, so that the printing head is always in the sound field;
4) the parameters of an ultrasonic transmitting power supply, an ultrasonic transmitting end and a reflecting end are well adjusted and matched, and enough sound radiation force is provided, so that dozens of wave nodes appear in the area, a sound field and a printing mechanism need to be reasonably avoided, and a printing head is often in the sound field;
5) and adjusting the relation between the sound field and the printing temperature field, and adjusting the printing synchronization time of the sound field and the printing temperature field to the suspended or floating part, thereby ensuring that the overall temperature of the printing area is controlled below 40 ℃.
Claims (1)
1. The unsupported 3D suspension printing method is characterized by being based on an unsupported 3D suspension printing structure and comprising an ultrasonic phased array support (2), buzzer arrays (1) arranged on two sides of the ultrasonic phased array support (2), an ultrasonic transmitting power supply and control mechanism (3) connected with the buzzer arrays (1), and a 3D printing head (4) arranged above the ultrasonic phased array support (2), wherein the two groups of buzzer arrays (1) respectively form a transmitting end and a reflecting end of a suspension sound field, and the suspension sound field is a standing wave suspension sound field; each group of buzzer arrays (1) comprises dozens to hundreds of buzzers;
the method comprises the following steps:
1) designing a suspension sound field according to the condition of 3D printing equipment, wherein the 3D printing equipment is an FDM printer or jet printing equipment, and the printing material of the FDM printer is a thermoplastic material;
2) adjusting the nozzle diameter, temperature and wire feeding speed process parameters of the printing head, wherein the nozzle diameter of the printing head is 0.4mm or 0.8 mm;
3) combining the constructed suspension sound field with the existing 3D printing equipment;
4) the suspension sound field is composed of a buzzer array, the ultrasonic frequency and the amplitude are adjusted until more nodes appear, so that the nodes can support continuous wires, and the printing material can form a stable suspension point in 3D printing equipment;
5) the coordination relationship between the suspension point and the printing wire is integrally controlled to realize mutual coupling printing, the coupling relationship refers to the coupling of a thermal field and a sound field, the printing synchronization time of the thermal field and the sound field to the suspended or floating part is adjusted simultaneously, and the integral temperature of a printing area is controlled below 40 ℃.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810141367.3A CN108312497B (en) | 2018-02-11 | 2018-02-11 | Unsupported 3D suspension printing structure and method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810141367.3A CN108312497B (en) | 2018-02-11 | 2018-02-11 | Unsupported 3D suspension printing structure and method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN108312497A CN108312497A (en) | 2018-07-24 |
| CN108312497B true CN108312497B (en) | 2020-10-27 |
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| CN201810141367.3A Expired - Fee Related CN108312497B (en) | 2018-02-11 | 2018-02-11 | Unsupported 3D suspension printing structure and method |
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109765147A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-05-17 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of ultrasonic phased array levitation device and its working method |
| CN109703018A (en) * | 2019-02-25 | 2019-05-03 | 彭俊植 | It is a kind of without the comprehensive 3D printing system of support electromagnetic levitation type and method |
| CN112238604B (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2021-11-05 | 中国科学院福建物质结构研究所 | Workpiece with multi-scale holes and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN110919819B (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-09-18 | 华中科技大学 | Additive manufacturing equipment and method based on multi-field compounding |
| CN112151221B (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2022-05-10 | 合肥工业大学 | System and method for preparing high-temperature superconducting blocks in batches |
| CN112643047B (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2022-11-18 | 首钢集团有限公司 | Hollow structure support-free CMT arc forming method |
| CN115709566B (en) * | 2022-11-16 | 2024-08-09 | 四川大学 | Suspension photocuring 3D printing system and printing method |
| CN118107179B (en) * | 2024-04-19 | 2024-07-09 | 西安赛隆增材技术股份有限公司 | Method and device for manufacturing three-dimensional object by using unsupported 3D printing |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI541142B (en) * | 2014-04-16 | 2016-07-11 | 三緯國際立體列印科技股份有限公司 | Three dimensional printing apparatus |
| CN104191622B (en) * | 2014-08-28 | 2016-06-01 | 北京智谷技术服务有限公司 | 3D prints householder method, device and 3D printer |
| CN104441652B (en) * | 2014-08-28 | 2018-02-23 | 北京智谷技术服务有限公司 | 3D printing householder method, device and 3D printer |
| CN106182767A (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2016-12-07 | 中物院成都科学技术发展中心 | A kind of 3D printer and Method of printing supporting printing hanging structure based on liquid buoyancy |
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