A kind of novel particle filtrate and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to sewage treating material fields, and in particular to a kind of novel particle filtrate and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Filtering is a kind of technique for separating the solid particle to float on a liquid.Its basic principle is in pressure difference
Under the action of, the penetration by liquid permeable medium (filter medium) in suspension, solid particle is retained by medium, to realize
The separation of liquid and solid.
Wherein, filter medium, that is, filtrate is one of the most important components in filtering technique, size, aperture, hole
The properties such as rate and filter effect are closely bound up.Current filtrate is broadly divided into two major classes, and one kind is in water treatment facilities
Intake filtering bulk material, be often referred to quartz sand, gravel, anthracite, cobblestone, manganese sand, magnetic iron ore filtrate, shell filtrate,
Foam filters pearl, porcelain sand filter material, haydite, garnet filtrate, medical stone filtrate, sponge iron filtering material, active oxidation aluminium ball, zeolite filter
Material, volcanic rock filtrate, granular activated carbon, fibrous nodules, fiber bundle media, Comet-type fiber filter material etc..It is another kind of to be a physically separate
Filter medium, mainly include filter cloth, filter screen, filter core, filter paper and newest film.Wherein, particulate filler is with its price
It is cheap, can Reusability, the excellent feature for the treatment of effect is widely used in water process.
But particulate filler there is also some problems at present, first, particulate filler is although cheap, but its treatment effect one
As, it is 200L/ (m to be typically designed filtering velocity2Min), maximum to be no more than 400L/ (m2Min), filtering velocity is low causes filter volume
Increase, to increase floor space and investment cost;Second, granule filter material is to ensure treatment effect, and packed height is larger, one
As double-layer filter material projected depth be 750mm, up to 1000mm, three-layer filter projected depth be 750mm, up to
The increase of 1100mm, packed height can cause the backwash hydraulic pressure needed when backwash to increase, and increase operation energy consumption and expense;The
Three, current granular filler generally uses natural materials, or is modified to natural materials, causes the size of granular filler
Shape differs, and in accumulation, the case where porosity is inconsistent, and when filtering will produce perforation, water treatment efficiency is caused to decline.
Invention content
A kind of novel particle filtrate of present invention offer and preparation method thereof, increases substantially the filtering velocity of granule filter material, and drop
Low back washing strength has many advantages, such as good filtration effect, prepares that simple, cheap, head loss is small.
Technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of novel particle filtrate, granule filter material are made of cylinder barrel, inner skeleton and filler, the inner skeleton
It is arranged in the inside of the cylinder barrel, the filler is filled in the cylinder barrel;The cylinder barrel height is
1cm, a diameter of 0.5cm, the cylinder barrel are made of combined filtration felt;The inner skeleton is by hydrated alumina, four
Ethyl ammonium hydroxide is made up with salpeter solution of pressurization thermalization;The filler is by white carbon, hydrated sodium aluminosilicate calcium, 12
Alkyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, tetramethylammonium hydroxide and sodium bicarbonate are made.
The novel particle filtrate, granule filter material density are 940kg/m3, proportion is 1.29 ± 0.02g/cm3, porosity
It is 66%, average pore size 25nm, critical settling velocity is 6.78cm/s;When it is 300mm that filtrate, which reaches depth, filtering velocity reaches
800L/(m2Min), SS removal rates reach 80%;When it is 500mm that filtrate, which reaches depth, filtering velocity reaches 1200L/ (m2·
Min), SS removal rates reach 90%;When filtrate uses water backwashing, back washing strength is 1600-2000L/ (m2·min)。
The novel particle filtrate, wherein the composite filter felt base fabric is by two layers of composite web and glass fibre base fabric
Needle is pierced into material, and the composite web, which is mixed by glass fibre with high-temperature fibre, combs networking, and the high-temperature fibre includes poly-
Acid imide (P84), melmac (Basofil), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) and meta-aromatic polyamide (Conex).
The preparation method of above-mentioned novel particle filtrate, includes the following steps:
One, combined filtration felt is made:Volume ratio in the high-temperature fibre is polyimides (P84):Trimerization
Melamine resin (Basofil):Polyphenylene sulfide (PPS):Meta-aromatic polyamide (Conex)=20%:25%:50%:5%;
The blending ratio of glass fibre and the high-temperature fibre is 25% by volume:75%;The high-temperature fibre and glass fibre
Mixing combs networking, and the composite web is made;Two layers of composite web is pierced with glass fibre base fabric needle at material, then with fluorine-containing and is helped
Agent carries out final finishing, obtains combined filtration felt;
Two, cylinder barrel is made:It is 1cm, the circle of a diameter of 0.5cm that combined filtration felt is prepared into height by hot rolling
Cylindricality cloth cylinder carries out any surface finish processing, uses polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) infusion process and cohere curable type, is impregnated on cylindrical cloth cylinder surface
Polytetrafluoroethylsolution solution makes polytetrafluoroethylsolution solution solidification that cylinder barrel be made then through 800 DEG C of drying 1h;
Three, inner skeleton is made:A concentration of 68% concentrated nitric acid is uniformly mixed with deionized water, is made into w=75%'s
Salpeter solution, is slowly added to hydrated alumina in salpeter solution, then tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide w=is added in stirring at normal temperature 3h
35%, it stirs to form mixed solution, mixed solution is packed into the cylinder barrel, be 220 ± 10 DEG C in temperature,
Pressurization thermalization 8h, latticed inner skeleton is formed in the cylinder barrel under conditions of pressure is 10Mpa;
Four, filler is made:Filling raw material be white carbon, hydrated sodium aluminosilicate calcium, dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide,
Tetramethylammonium hydroxide, sodium bicarbonate, proportioning mass fraction ratio are white carbon:Hydrated sodium aluminosilicate calcium:Dodecyl front three
Base ammonium bromide:Tetramethylammonium hydroxide:Sodium bicarbonate=75%:15%:6.7%:0.8%:2.5%;First by dodecyl
Trimethylammonium bromide, tetramethylammonium hydroxide, sodium bicarbonate are dissolved in deionized water and are uniformly mixed successively, pour into white
In carbon black, 3~5min is stirred with 25~55rad/min rotating speeds, 5% hydrated sodium aluminosilicate calcium is added, then with 60~90rad/min
Rotating speed stirs 7~9min, adds 5% hydrated sodium aluminosilicate calcium, increases temperature and turns to 220 DEG C, then with 120~150rad/min
Speed 10~15min of stirring, adds 5% hydrated sodium aluminosilicate calcium, finally stirs 10min with 180rad/min rotating speeds, will stir
Uniform mixture, which is placed in ultrasonic oscillator, vibrates 2h, and the filler is made;
Five, assembling is handled:The filler is poured into the cylinder barrel of inner skeleton, after sealing, is first placed in low
In warm freeze drying box, 24 hours are stood, is allowed to be molded, is subsequently placed in 600 DEG C of calcining 10h in Muffle furnace, take out Temperature fall,
Obtain novel particle filtrate.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1) good filtration effect;Due to homogeneous texture fine and close in pellet, filter effect is greatly increased, improved filtering velocity
Degree, is 2-4 times of conventional particles filtrate filtering velocity;
(2) head loss is small;Due to its circular structure, the porosity between filler is reduced, and its rate of filtration is high,
Therefore filtrate height is reduced, to reduce head loss, head loss is only the 50% of traditional filtrate;
(3) investment of occupation of land is small;Due to its rate of filtration height, packed height is low, therefore considerably reduces filtration system
Volume reduces investment while occupation of land and is also greatly lowered, and general filter tank volume is 1/8-the 1/4 of traditional handicraft;
(4) operating cost is low;Due to the reduction of filtrate height, back washing strength also reduces, and significantly reduces filter tank
Operating cost.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is novel particle filter structure schematic diagram;
Wherein, 1, cylinder barrel, 2, inner skeleton, 3, filler.
Specific implementation mode
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of novel particle filtrate, granule filter material is by 3 groups of cylinder barrel 1, inner skeleton 2 and filler
At the inner skeleton 2 is arranged in the inside of the cylinder barrel 1, and the filler 3 is filled in the cylinder barrel 1;Institute
It is 1cm, a diameter of 0.5cm to state 1 height of cylinder barrel, and the cylinder barrel 1 is made of combined filtration felt;The interior bone
Frame 2 is made up of hydrated alumina, tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide and salpeter solution of pressurization thermalization;The filler 3 by white carbon,
Hydrated sodium aluminosilicate calcium, dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, tetramethylammonium hydroxide and sodium bicarbonate are made;The combined filtration
Felt is pierced by two layers of composite web and glass fibre base fabric needle into material, and the composite web is by glass fibre and high-temperature fibre
Mixing combs networking, and the high-temperature fibre includes polyimides (P84), melmac (Basofil), polyphenylene sulfide
(PPS) and meta-aromatic polyamide (Conex).The granule filter material density is 940kg/m3, proportion is 1.29 ± 0.02g/
cm3, porosity 66%, average pore size 25nm, critical settling velocity is 6.78cm/s;When it is 300mm that filtrate, which reaches depth, filter
Speed reaches 800L/ (m2Min), SS removal rates reach 80%;When it is 500mm that filtrate, which reaches depth, filtering velocity reaches 1200L/
(m2Min), SS removal rates reach 90%;When filtrate uses water backwashing, back washing strength is 1600-2000L/ (m2·
min)。
The preparation method of above-mentioned novel particle filtrate, includes the following steps:
One, combined filtration felt is made:Volume ratio in the high-temperature fibre is polyimides (P84):Trimerization
Melamine resin (Basofil):Polyphenylene sulfide (PPS):Meta-aromatic polyamide (Conex)=20%:25%:50%:5%;
The blending ratio of glass fibre and the high-temperature fibre is 25% by volume:75%;The high-temperature fibre and glass fibre
Mixing combs networking, and the composite web is made;Two layers of composite web is pierced with glass fibre base fabric needle at material, then with fluorine-containing and is helped
Agent carries out final finishing, obtains combined filtration felt;
Two, cylinder barrel 1 is made:It is 1cm that combined filtration felt is prepared into height by hot rolling, a diameter of 0.5cm's
Cylindrical cloth cylinder carries out any surface finish processing, uses polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) infusion process and cohere curable type, is soaked on cylindrical cloth cylinder surface
Stain polytetrafluoroethylsolution solution makes polytetrafluoroethylsolution solution solidification that cylinder barrel 1 be made then through 800 DEG C of drying 1h;
Three, inner skeleton 2 is made:A concentration of 68% concentrated nitric acid is uniformly mixed with deionized water, is made into w=75%'s
Salpeter solution, is slowly added to hydrated alumina in salpeter solution, then tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide w=is added in stirring at normal temperature 3h
35%, it stirs to form mixed solution, mixed solution is packed into the cylinder barrel, be 220 DEG C in temperature, pressure
For the thermalization 8h that pressurizes under conditions of 10Mpa, latticed inner skeleton 2 is formed in the cylinder barrel;
Four, filler 3 is made:3 raw material of filler is white carbon, hydrated sodium aluminosilicate calcium, trimethyl bromination
Ammonium, tetramethylammonium hydroxide, sodium bicarbonate, proportioning mass fraction ratio are white carbon:Hydrated sodium aluminosilicate calcium:Dodecyl three
Methyl bromide ammonium:Tetramethylammonium hydroxide:Sodium bicarbonate=75%:15%:6.7%:0.8%:2.5%;First by dodecane
Base trimethylammonium bromide, tetramethylammonium hydroxide, sodium bicarbonate are dissolved in deionized water and are uniformly mixed successively, pour into
In white carbon, 4min is stirred with 35rad/min rotating speeds, 5% hydrated sodium aluminosilicate calcium is added, then stir with 70rad/min rotating speeds
8min adds 5% hydrated sodium aluminosilicate calcium, increases temperature to 220 DEG C, then stirs 12min with 130rad/min rotating speeds, then adds
Enter 5% hydrated sodium aluminosilicate calcium, 10min is finally stirred with 180rad/min rotating speeds, the mixture stirred evenly is placed in ultrasound
2h is vibrated in wave oscillator, and the filler 3 is made;
Five, assembling is handled:The filler 3 is poured into the cylinder barrel 1 of inner skeleton 2, after sealing, is first placed in
In frozen drying case, 24 hours are stood, is allowed to be molded, is subsequently placed in 600 DEG C of calcining 10h in Muffle furnace, take out nature drop
Temperature obtains novel particle filtrate.