CN108304943B - Method for judging maintenance and updating of tobacco logistics vehicle parts - Google Patents
Method for judging maintenance and updating of tobacco logistics vehicle parts Download PDFInfo
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- CN108304943B CN108304943B CN201810102090.3A CN201810102090A CN108304943B CN 108304943 B CN108304943 B CN 108304943B CN 201810102090 A CN201810102090 A CN 201810102090A CN 108304943 B CN108304943 B CN 108304943B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for judging maintenance and updating of tobacco logistics vehicle parts, which consists of vehicle and part basic data information, vehicle and part operating data information, and a data platform display and calculation evaluation model, wherein the vehicle and part basic data information is used for storing the states of vehicle parts, the data platform display is used for inputting related license plate numbers and fault part information by a maintenance factory, and the calculation evaluation model is used for calculating by calling database storage information of the vehicle and part basic data information and the vehicle and part operating data information to finally obtain the conclusion of replacement, maintenance and non-replacement. The invention enables the vehicle approver to know the state of each distribution vehicle part in detail in time without going out of home, and provides a reference standard for replacement, maintenance and unrepairable replacement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention particularly relates to a method for judging maintenance and updating of tobacco logistics vehicle parts.
Background
The tobacco logistics distribution vehicle is the last kilometer of the tobacco retail customer service, and if the tobacco logistics distribution vehicle breaks down and is not maintained in time, the customer satisfaction degree is influenced, but if the tobacco logistics distribution vehicle breaks down, replacement or early maintenance is carried out, and unnecessary waste is caused. At present, the tobacco logistics distribution vehicle has variable cost every year, the maintenance cost occupies a large part, and due to the lack of professional maintenance personnel, the general conditions are subjectively judged according to the driving experience of the vehicle and the influence degree of faults, so that the conditions of poor pertinence of troubleshooting problems, frequent replacement of parts, unnecessary maintenance, incapability of timely maintenance of key parts and the like are caused, great economic loss is caused, and the safety of vehicle drivers and goods is seriously influenced.
The tobacco logistics distribution vehicle aims to overcome the defects that parts of the tobacco logistics distribution vehicle are frequently replaced, key parts are not maintained in place, and drivers subjectively judge, and unnecessary waste and logistics distribution personnel safety are avoided.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the background art, the present invention provides a method for determining the maintenance and updating of components of a tobacco logistics vehicle, so as to achieve the purpose that a vehicle approver can timely and specifically know the maintenance state of each distribution vehicle component without going out of home.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the method for judging the maintenance and the updating of the tobacco logistics vehicle parts comprises vehicle and part basic data information, vehicle and part operation data information and a data platform display and calculation evaluation model, wherein the vehicle and part basic data information is used for storing the states of the vehicle parts and comprises license plate numbers, vehicle brands, part names, initial warranty kilometers, replacement prices, replacement warranty periods, replacement warranty kilometers, part maintenance working hours and part attributes, and the part attributes are used for distinguishing perennial use pieces, summer use pieces and winter use pieces; the vehicle and part operation data information comprises a license plate number, the number of kilometers of each part maintained in a factory, the number of kilometers of part operation, the number of overload times of part operation, the number of cigarette retail customers for part operation and distribution and the statistics of the time length of operation seasons; the data platform display is used for inputting relevant license plate numbers and fault part information by a maintenance factory, and finally obtaining the conclusion of replacement, maintenance and non-replacement through calling the database storage information of the vehicle and part basic data information and the vehicle and part operation data information and using a calculation evaluation model to calculate.
Preferably, the calculation and evaluation model is a judgment made between two schemes that partial parts need to be replaced or maintained after the delivery vehicle is used for a period of time, and if the parts can be repaired but not repaired in the use process and are replaced prematurely, the value loss can be caused because the rated service life is not reached; if the vehicle is required to be replaced but not replaced in time, hidden dangers are brought to the safety production of the distribution vehicle, the vehicle needs to be effectively judged after entering a maintenance factory, and the replacement, maintenance and non-maintenance of the vehicle with the faults are determined.
Preferably, the condition of determining not to repair or replace includes free replacement or repair of parts by a repair shop, and the condition of not repairing specifically includes:
1) the last time of maintenance, parts are damaged in the shelf life, and a maintenance factory needs to replace or maintain the parts free of charge;
2) some parts belong to seasonal consumptive parts and can only be provided in corresponding seasons.
Preferably, the replacement or maintenance of the parts after the vehicle fault is determined comprises determining an initial price K0 of the parts/maintenance items, setting K(s) as the current value of the fault parts, and W(s) as the fault maintenance cost, wherein when the number of kilometers reaches s, when K(s) is less than or equal to W(s), the parts need to be replaced; if K(s) is more than W(s), the parts need to be maintained; establishing an evaluation model, wherein the warranty period of the parts has two types of kilometer service life s and warranty time t according to the requirement of a three-pack time limit, because the daily driving mileage of the tobacco logistics distribution vehicle is more, the time when the kilometer number exceeds the three-pack time limit is required to be guaranteed, the service life of the kilometer number s is adopted as an independent variable, the maintenance is carried out after the kilometer number is driven for s kilometer, and the repair or the replacement is started in the s +1 kilometer stage, so that the following steps are obtained: x (s +1) ═ k(s) -w(s).
Preferably, the current value K(s) and the maintenance cost W(s) of the determined fault parts,
1) maintenance cost w(s) maintenance labor cost + maintenance parts quality assurance K0/replacement parts quality assurance
The maintenance working hour cost and the accessory cost are confirmed by the price of the parts/maintenance items in the motor vehicle maintenance contract book and are filled by a maintenance factory when the vehicle enters the factory for inspection; maintenance quality assurance means the time length for which a repair shop can maintain parts again free of charge after maintenance; the quality guarantee of the replaced parts means the time length that a repair shop can be freely replaced with the repair after the parts are replaced;
2) the current value K(s) of the fault parts is influenced by the running climatic conditions, the overload times, the number of retail customers for distributing cigarettes and the kilometers of the parts, the running climatic conditions, the overload times and the number of retail customers for distributing cigarettes are converted into the kilometers by group members through a normalization method for calculation, because the price of the parts is not high, the contract price is relatively fixed and the settlement is carried out monthly, the time value of capital is not considered when the kilometers are converted, and the thinking of a workload depreciation method is used,
thus, it is possible to obtain:
K(s)＝K0[(K0-X(s))/S0]
namely, K (S) 0-x (S) K0/S0.
Wherein X(s) is the number of kilometers converted for each factor; s0 is the number of kilometers in the warranty period;
the number of kilometers after reduction X(s) considering the influence factors is as follows:
X(s)＝a·b·c·S(s)
s(s) the actual kilometer number of the vehicle after the vehicle is replaced with new parts;
a is a conversion coefficient of climate conditions;
b is a payload conversion factor;
and c is the number conversion coefficient of cigarette retailers.
Preferably, determining the coefficient of the abc analysis vehicle maintenance list pair influence factor specifically includes:
1) the effect of climate conditions on vehicle components;
2) the effect of load weight on vehicle components;
3) the effect of the number of cigarette retailers on the vehicle components.
Through the technical scheme, the method for judging the maintenance and the updating of the tobacco logistics vehicle parts, provided by the invention, enables a vehicle approver to timely and specifically know the maintenance state of each distribution vehicle part without going out of home, and provides a reference standard for replacement, maintenance and non-replacement for the vehicle approver.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for determining maintenance and renewal of components of a tobacco-based logistics vehicle as disclosed herein;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a method for determining repair and replacement of components of a tobacco-based logistics vehicle according to the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a scatter plot of engine failures for a delivery vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a graph showing the influence of the cargo capacity on the failure rate in table 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
The method for judging the maintenance and the updating of the tobacco logistics vehicle parts comprises the following steps that as shown in the figure 1-2, the method is composed of vehicle and part basic data information, vehicle and part operation data information, a data platform display and a calculation evaluation model, wherein the vehicle and part basic data information is used for storing the states of the vehicle parts and comprises license plate numbers, vehicle brands, part names, initial warranty kilometers, replacement prices, replacement warranty periods, replacement warranty kilometers, part maintenance labor cost and part attributes, and the part attributes are used for distinguishing perennial use pieces, summer use pieces and winter use pieces; the vehicle and part operation data information comprises license plate numbers, kilometer numbers of parts maintained and placed in a factory, kilometer numbers of parts operated, overload times of parts operated, cigarette retail customers of parts operated and distributed, and monthly statistics of operating seasons; the data platform display is used for inputting related license plate numbers and fault part information by a maintenance factory, and finally obtaining the conclusion of replacement, maintenance and non-replacement through calling database storage information of vehicle and part basic data information and vehicle and part operation data information and calculating by using a calculation evaluation model.
The calculation evaluation model is a judgment made between two schemes that part of parts need to be replaced or maintained after the distribution vehicle is used for a period of time, and if the parts can be repaired but not maintained in the use process and are replaced prematurely, the value loss is caused because the rated service life is not reached; if should change and fail in time to change, can bring the hidden danger for the safety in production of delivery vehicle, the vehicle gets into need effectively to judge the trouble behind the maintenance factory, confirms that trouble vehicle changes, maintains and does not repair and not change, and the condition of confirming not repairing not changing includes that the repair factory is free to be changed or the spare part of maintenance, does not maintain two kinds of circumstances, specifically includes:
1) the last time of maintenance, parts are damaged in the shelf life, and a maintenance factory needs to replace or maintain the parts free of charge;
2) some parts belong to seasonal consumptive parts and can only be provided in corresponding seasons.
Determining the replacement or maintenance of the parts after the vehicle fault, which comprises determining the initial price K0 of the parts/maintenance items, setting K(s) as the current value of the fault parts, and W(s) as the fault maintenance cost, and when the number of kilometers driven reaches s, when K(s) is less than or equal to W(s), the parts need to be replaced; if K(s) is more than W(s), the parts need to be maintained; establishing an evaluation model, wherein the warranty period of the parts has two types of kilometer service life s and warranty time t according to the requirement of a three-pack time limit, because the daily driving mileage of the tobacco logistics distribution vehicle is more, the time when the kilometer number exceeds the three-pack time limit is required to be guaranteed, the service life of the driving kilometer number s is adopted as a self-variable, the maintenance is carried out after the kilometer number is driven for s kilometers, and the maintenance or the replacement is started in the s +1 kilometer stage, so that the following steps are obtained: x (s +1) ═ k(s) -w(s).
Determining the current value K(s) and the maintenance cost W(s) of the fault parts,
1) maintenance cost w(s) maintenance labor cost + maintenance parts quality assurance K0/replacement parts quality assurance
The maintenance working hour cost and the accessory cost are confirmed by the price of the parts/maintenance items in the motor vehicle maintenance contract book and are filled by a maintenance factory when the vehicle enters the factory for inspection; maintenance quality assurance means the time length for which a repair shop can maintain parts again free of charge after maintenance; the quality guarantee of the replaced parts means the time length that a repair shop can be freely replaced with the repair after the parts are replaced;
2) the current value K(s) of the fault parts is influenced by the running climatic conditions, the overload times, the number of retail customers for distributing cigarettes and the kilometers of the parts, the running climatic conditions, the overload times and the number of retail customers for distributing cigarettes are converted into the kilometers by group members through a normalization method for calculation, because the price of the parts is not high, the contract price is relatively fixed and the settlement is carried out monthly, the time value of capital is not considered when the kilometers are converted, and the thinking of a workload depreciation method is used,
thus, it is possible to obtain:
K(s)＝K0[(K0-X(s))/S0]
namely, K (S) 0-x (S) K0/S0.
Wherein X(s) is the number of kilometers converted for each factor; s0 is the number of kilometers in the warranty period;
the number of kilometers after reduction X(s) considering the influence factors is as follows:
X(s)＝a·b·c·S(s)
s(s) the actual kilometer number of the vehicle after the vehicle is replaced with new parts;
a is a conversion coefficient of climate conditions;
b is a payload conversion factor;
c is the number conversion coefficient of cigarette retail customers;
determining the coefficient of the abc analysis vehicle maintenance list pair influence factor, specifically:
1) the effect of climate conditions on vehicle components;
2) the effect of load weight on vehicle components;
3) the effect of the number of cigarette retailers on the vehicle components.
Example (b):
taking the cigarette logistics distribution vehicle engine parts as an example to carry out coefficient confirmation:
1. the conversion coefficient of climate conditions is that the vehicle parts always have an optimal thermal condition area in the running process, for example, the cooling water temperature of the optimal thermal condition area of an engine is 80-90 ℃, the parts running in the optimal thermal condition area have small abrasion loss, and the maximum efficiency can be achieved. Experiments prove that: the ambient temperature does not change by 1 ℃, so that the water temperature of the cylinder changes by 0.09-0.25 ℃, and the failure rate of the automobile is increased accordingly. Therefore, the logistics distribution vehicle parts are divided into five categories of engines, chassis, vehicle bodies, electric appliances and air conditioners and vulnerable vehicles according to the classification standard of the Nanjing IVECO maintenance handbook, the failure frequency of the vehicles with the equivalent load capacity, the number of cigarette retail customers and the road condition is counted (all failure points of the vehicles are counted in the early period because the data volume of the vehicles is small and the accidental factors are counted in each category, the related scatter diagram is obtained, as shown in figure 3, wherein ABCDEFLIJ represents the license plate number, the point represents the occurrence frequency, the horizontal axis represents the failed month, the vertical axis represents the number of the failed parts (replacement or maintenance quantity of the maintenance list), as can be seen from figure 3, the failure rate is highest in summer (6 months, 7 months and 8 months), and the winter (12 months, 1 month and 2 months), while the probability of occurrence in spring (3, 4 and 5 months) and fall (9, 10 and 11 months) is relatively low, if the frequency of occurrence in spring and fall is regarded as a normal value, the conversion coefficient of the vehicle climate conditions is: summer 1.103, winter: 1.089.
2. The loading weight conversion factor and the loading quality of the vehicle must be strictly controlled within the range specified by the vehicle manufacturer, for example, when the vehicle is overloaded, the engine will work under high load condition for a long time, the engine is overheated, and the engine wear is increased. For this reason, the panelists counted the maintenance schedule of 2016 logistics delivery vehicles and found vehicles with the same number of delivery customers in 1-12 months by combining the cargo capacity (non-overloaded vehicles, i.e. more than 8000 cigarettes), as shown in table 1,
TABLE 1 Effect of cargo capacity on failure incidence
As can be seen from table 1 and fig. 4, the failure rates of the three trucks did not show an increase or decrease as the cargo capacity increased, so that the cargo capacity had less influence on the occurrence of the failure of the truck without overload, and since the truck was a closed truck and the mass of cigarettes was light, overload did not substantially occur, and the panelist determined the conversion factor of the cargo capacity to be 1.
3. The number of cigarette retailers is reduced by a factor, and the cigarettes of the cigarette retailers are delivered to the homes of the respective cigarette retailers by the tobacco logistics distribution vehicle, so that the cigarette logistics distribution vehicle is very low in running speed and tortuous in route in the delivery process. The automobile needs to be started and braked frequently, the clutch is disengaged and engaged for multiple times, the transmission, the clutch, a steering system, a braking system, a differential mechanism, tires and the like are damaged quickly due to the frequent use of steering and braking of the automobile, and the abrasion loss of the automobile in a low-speed running state is increased by 25-30% compared with a stable running state according to the literature data. The panelists therefore considered a conversion factor of 1.25 for the number of cigarette retailers.
Claims (3)
1. The method for judging the maintenance and the updating of the tobacco logistics vehicle parts is characterized by comprising vehicle and part basic data information, vehicle and part operation data information, a data platform display and a calculation evaluation model, wherein the vehicle and part basic data information is used for storing the states of the vehicle parts and comprises license plate numbers, vehicle brands, part names, initial warranty kilometers, replacement prices, replacement warranty periods, replacement warranty kilometers, part maintenance time fees and part attributes, and the part attributes are used for distinguishing perennial use pieces, summer use pieces and winter use pieces; the vehicle and part operation data information comprises license plate numbers, maintenance and factory entry kilometers of each part, part operation kilometers, part operation overload times, part operation and distribution cigarette retail customers and operation season duration statistics; the data platform display is used for inputting relevant license plate numbers and fault part information by a maintenance factory, and calculating by using a calculation evaluation model through calling database storage information of vehicle and part basic data information and vehicle and part operation data information to finally obtain the conclusion of replacement, maintenance and non-replacement; the calculation evaluation model is a judgment made between two schemes that part of parts need to be replaced or maintained after the distribution vehicle is used for a period of time, and if the parts can be repaired but not maintained in the use process and are replaced too early, the value loss can be caused because the rated service life is not reached; if the vehicle is required to be replaced but cannot be replaced in time, hidden dangers are brought to the safety production of the distribution vehicle, the vehicle needs to be effectively judged after entering a maintenance factory, and the replacement, maintenance and non-maintenance of the vehicle with the faults are determined;
the replacement or maintenance of the parts after the vehicle fault is determined comprises the steps of determining an initial price K0 of the parts/maintenance items, setting K(s) as the current value of the fault parts, setting W(s) as the fault maintenance cost, and when the number of kilometers driven reaches s, when K(s) is less than or equal to W(s), the parts need to be replaced; if K(s) is more than W(s), the parts need to be maintained; establishing an evaluation model, wherein the warranty period of the parts has two types of kilometer service life s and warranty time t according to the requirement of a three-pack time limit, because the daily driving mileage of the tobacco logistics distribution vehicle is more, the time when the kilometer number exceeds the three-pack time limit is required to be guaranteed, the service life of the driving kilometer number s is adopted as an independent variable, the maintenance is carried out after the kilometer number is driven for s kilometers, and the repair or the replacement is started in the s +1 kilometer stage, so that the following steps are obtained: x (s +1) ═ k(s) -w(s);
the current value K(s) and the maintenance cost W(s) of the determined fault parts,
1) maintenance cost w(s) is maintenance labor cost + maintenance component quality assurance K0/replacement component quality assurance, wherein the maintenance labor cost and the component cost are confirmed by the component/maintenance item price in the motor vehicle maintenance contract book and are filled by the maintenance factory when the vehicle is checked in the factory; the maintenance quality assurance refers to the time length for which a repair shop can maintain the parts again free of charge after the parts are maintained; the quality guarantee of the replaced parts means the time length that a repair shop can be freely replaced with the repair after the parts are replaced;
2) the current value K(s) of the fault parts is influenced by the running climatic conditions, the overload times, the number of retail customers for distributing cigarettes and the kilometers of the parts, the running climatic conditions, the overload times and the number of retail customers for distributing cigarettes are converted into the kilometers by group members through a normalization method for calculation, because the price of the parts is not high, the contract price is relatively fixed and the settlement is carried out monthly, the time value of capital is not considered when the kilometers are converted, and the thinking of a workload depreciation method is used,
thus, it is possible to obtain:
K(s)＝K0[(K0-X(s))/S0]
namely, K (S) 0-x (S) K0/S0.
Wherein X(s) is the number of kilometers converted for each factor; s0 is the number of kilometers in the warranty period;
the number of kilometers after reduction X(s) considering the influence factors is as follows:
X(s)＝a·b·c·S(s)
s(s) the actual kilometer number of the vehicle after the vehicle is replaced with new parts;
a is a climate condition reduction factor determined by the frequency of vehicle failure in different quarters with different temperatures;
b is a payload conversion factor determined by the frequency of vehicle failure under different payload conditions;
and c, the number of cigarette retailers is converted into a coefficient, and the coefficient is determined by the frequency of low-speed operation of the vehicle when different numbers of retailers are distributed and the abrasion loss of a low-speed operation relatively stable running state.
2. The method for determining repair and renewal of tobacco logistics vehicle parts according to claim 1, wherein the condition of determining not to repair or replace comprises replacing or repairing parts at repair shop free, and the condition of not repairing comprises:
1) the last time of maintenance, parts are damaged in the shelf life, and a maintenance factory needs to replace or maintain the parts free of charge;
2) some parts belong to seasonal consumptive parts and can only be provided in corresponding seasons.
3. The method for determining repair and update of vehicle parts in tobacco logistics according to claim 1, wherein coefficients of the abc analysis vehicle repair list pair influence factors are determined, specifically:
1) the effect of climate conditions on vehicle components;
2) the effect of load weight on vehicle components;
3) the effect of the number of cigarette retailers on the vehicle components.
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