CN108301807B - Hole wall fixing device for gas extraction drill hole of soft coal seam and construction method - Google Patents
Hole wall fixing device for gas extraction drill hole of soft coal seam and construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108301807B CN108301807B CN201810377317.5A CN201810377317A CN108301807B CN 108301807 B CN108301807 B CN 108301807B CN 201810377317 A CN201810377317 A CN 201810377317A CN 108301807 B CN108301807 B CN 108301807B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices, or the like
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F7/00—Methods or devices for drawing- off gases with or without subsequent use of the gas for any purpose
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mine safety, and relates to a hole wall fixing device for a soft coal seam gas extraction drilling hole and a construction method, wherein the hole wall fixing device comprises a hollow drill rod inserted into a coal seam and a drill bit arranged at the front end of the drill rod, a hole packer is sleeved at the middle rear part of the drill rod, a hole packer grouting pipe is connected onto the hole packer, a high-pressure rotating water tail communicated with the drill rod is arranged at the rear end of the drill rod, a high-pressure rubber pipe is connected onto the high-pressure rotating water tail, reinforcing liquid is placed in the high-pressure rubber pipe, the reinforcing liquid is instantly solidified when penetrating into a crack smaller than 0.1mm and narrower than the coal seam, the reinforcing liquid is formed by mixing ash and water according to the proportion of 1: 1, the ash comprises 85-90% of cement, 0.9-1.1% of an aluminum-based additive and 9-11% of sodium silicate, and the problem.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mine safety, and relates to a hole wall fixing device for a gas extraction drill hole of a soft coal seam and a construction method.
Background
More than 95% of high gas and outburst mines in China belong to low-permeability coal beds, and coal quality is soft and gas content is high. Various underground long-distance horizontal drilling extracted gas play an important role in mine disaster prevention and control, gas resource development and utilization and environmental protection, and the reasonable and efficient gas extraction can greatly solve the problem of mine safety production and relieve the situation of energy supply and demand shortage. The method is influenced by the factors of poor stability of the drilled hole, and the gas treatment difficulty of the soft high-gas coal seam is high, so that the research on the control method of the drilled hole instability of the soft coal seam is particularly important, and the methods disclosed at present have two types: hole wall stabilizing technology in the drilling process and hole wall stabilizing technology after hole forming. The hole wall stabilizing technology after hole forming can also give consideration to the hole wall stabilization in the drilling process. The development status and the brief scheme of the pore wall stabilization technology after pore forming at the present stage mainly comprise the following steps:
the sieve tube hole protecting method is characterized in that a sieve tube protecting hole is inserted into a drilled hole, the domestic experiment is earlier that the Sieve tube is manually fed into the hole after the Xima coal mine in Shenyang coal industry imitates a heart bridging operation method in the medical field, and the method has a great problem in the stage of feeding the sieve tube into the hole, mainly has incomplete hole walls, is easy to clamp the tube, can not be fed when the tube is fed to the position of 20m, and has undesirable effects (Xuqingwu, King Guojun, Dongli, and the like, the gas drainage drilling hole protecting technology discusses coal mine safety, 2007(1) 39-40). The method has the defects that the pipe is often blocked in the process of conveying the pipe into the drill hole, the pipe is conveyed by 20m at most, even if the guide wheels are added at most at the front end of the pipe, the pipe is not conveyed by 50m, the construction is difficult, the cost is high, and the expected effect cannot be achieved after hole sealing.
The Western's institute of research of coal science research has developed a kind of soft and prominent coal seam wind pressure air drilling process and supporting equipment. When the drill bit drills from the hole opening to the final hole, the drill bit is not started to drill, the hole protecting screen pipe is fed through the inner hole of the drill rod, and then the drill bit is started. The grommet screen is left in the hole through the drill bit with the inner core openable. The technology carries out field tests in mining areas such as Huai Bei and Huai nan (Yinheng, Fandong and Yao Ke. air pressure drilling process and supporting equipment in soft outburst coal seam. coal science technology 2009(09) 72-74). Although the method can send the sieve tube to the bottom of the hole, the pipe is put from the inside of the drill rod, the pipe diameter is small, the number of sieve holes is limited, and the extraction effect is not ideal.
The Hunan province coal scientific research institute developed a dragging type casing method and device, namely adopted the casing to follow the hole-forming method in the serious spray orifice area. When the drilling construction is completed and the drilling rod with serious spray holes can not continue to drill, the drilling rod is withdrawn, the drilling rod is changed and transferred to the reducing drill bit and the sleeve at the hole opening, and the drilling rod and the sleeve are manually and simultaneously conveyed into the drilling hole to the bottom of the hole. And (4) guiding the drilling machine again, continuously slowly and uniformly drilling, dragging the casing pipe inwards by the drill bit through a ratchet wheel on a pipe sleeve of the drilling rod, and dragging the casing pipe to the hole protection part of the spray hole. After the casing hole protection is completed in the drilling process, the drill rod is operated to retract, the ratchet wheel resets, the casing is left, and theoretically, the drill bit can continue to drill deeply. After the wall protection work of the severe spray hole section is finished, the special reducing drill bit is reduced and then penetrates through the sleeve and the drill rod to exit the drill hole, and the wall protection is continued in the remaining hole of the sleeve (Zhou Song Yuan, Zhao Jun, Liu school uniform, and the like, the process and the equipment research of the severe spray hole soft coal seam hole forming process, the research of the scientific and scientific article (Nature science edition) 2011(04)11-16) of the university of Hunan science and technology. The method has the advantages of complex field process, fussy operation and no practical popularization value.
Luoyyu and the like disclose a hole cleaning drill bit, a hole cleaning device and a hole cleaning method for a coal mine underground gas extraction hole. The method includes that a water jet method is adopted for coal bodies at collapsed hole sections to crush collapsed hole piled coal bodies into particles, then jet high-pressure water flow is used for taking away the particles, and then gas extraction sieve tubes (Luyiyu, Tang Renaan, Zhang Xin and the like) are synchronously put into the collapsed hole sections. The method is hydraulic punching, is easy to cause additional accidents such as large-area hole collapse, hole blocking and the like, and has no popularization value.
The technology of grouting and reinforcing the hole wall of the drill hole is tested in sequence by the aid of the forest bodhan, the yao zhang, the Jiangjiang and the Zhai, grout or curing agent with certain pressure is injected into the drill hole and permeates into cracks around the drill hole by means of the pressure of the grout or curing agent, and mechanical strength of the drill hole surrounding rock is artificially improved (yao zhang, Shibaing, Wangyangbao and the like, a gas extraction drilling, grouting and hole forming technology in deep weak structural coal rock, a coal science technology, 2010(06) 67-70). The method has the advantages of small grouting pressure, insufficient penetration depth of slurry, difficulty in forming a stable hole wall, one-time grouting success after hole forming, and incapability of well controlling the hole collapse phenomenon in the drilling process. Foreign researches on soft high-gas coal seams are few, and hole collapse is mainly controlled by inserting a sieve tube into a drill hole.
The invention can solve the technical problem of hole wall stability after hole forming of the extraction drill hole, can adopt sectional reinforcement measures if hole collapse is serious in the drilling process, and can effectively solve the problem that the hole is difficult to form by adopting hydraulic permeability-increasing measures such as extraction drill holes, gas content measuring drill holes, gas pressure measuring drill holes and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a hole wall fixing device and a construction method for a gas extraction drill hole of a soft coal seam, in order to solve the problem of serious hole collapse in the gas extraction drilling process of the soft coal seam in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a hole wall fixing device for a gas extraction drill hole of a soft coal seam under a coal mine, which comprises a hollow drill rod inserted into the coal seam and a drill bit arranged at the front end of the drill rod, wherein a hole packer is sleeved at the middle rear part of the drill rod, a hole packer grouting pipe is connected onto the hole packer, a high-pressure rotating water tail communicated with the drill rod is arranged at the rear end of the drill rod, a high-pressure rubber pipe is connected onto the high-pressure rotating water tail, a reinforcing liquid is placed in the high-pressure rubber pipe, the reinforcing liquid is instantly solidified when penetrating into a crack which is smaller than 0.1mm and narrower than the coal seam, the reinforcing liquid is formed by mixing ash and water according to the ratio of 1: 1, and the ash comprises 85-90% of cement, 0.9-1.1%.
Furthermore, a pressure pump is arranged on both the grouting pipe of the hole packer and the high-pressure rotating water tail.
Further, the aluminum-based additive plays a role in expansion and is any one of calcium oxide, calcium sulphoaluminate and calcium oxide-calcium sulphoaluminate.
Furthermore, a plurality of liquid spraying holes are uniformly formed in the front end of the drill bit.
A construction method of a hole wall fixing device for a gas extraction drill hole of a soft coal seam comprises the following steps:
A. drilling a coal seam needing to be drilled into the coal seam by adopting a drill bit with a larger diameter to drill 10m of the coal seam, and withdrawing the drill bit with the diameter, replacing the drill bit with the drill bit which accords with the designed drilling diameter for drilling, wherein the large-diameter drilling section of the orifice, namely 10m, is used for installing a hole packer, and when the drilling construction is carried out to the designed depth, the hole packer is installed at the middle rear part of the drill rod immediately;
B. starting a pressure pump on a grouting pipe of the hole packer, and injecting 6-8 MPa water into the hole packer through the grouting pipe of the hole packer connected with the hole packer to carry out hole sealing;
C. after the orifices are completely closed, starting a pressure pump on the high-pressure rotary water tail, injecting reinforcing liquid into the orifices through the high-pressure rotary water tail at the tail end of the drill rod and the high-pressure rubber tube, wherein the injection pressure of the reinforcing liquid is 3-5 MPa, and after the injection flow of the reinforcing liquid tends to zero and is stable for 5-10 min, decompressing and removing the hole packer;
D. after the hole packer is dismantled, clear water is injected into the hole to wash the reinforcing liquid in the drill rod and the reinforcing liquid in the drill hole;
E. and after the drilling and reinforcing are finished, subsequent operations such as hydraulic permeability increasing measures or pressure measurement and content measurement can be carried out.
Furthermore, the hole packer and the drill rod are of a split structure, and the hole packer does not influence the construction of a drill bit on the drill rod.
Furthermore, the same pressure pump is adopted for pressurizing water in the hole packer and pressurizing the solidifying liquid in the high-pressure rubber pipe.
And further, the construction method is suitable for multiple times of reinforcement in a coal seam gas drilling and pore forming process in a segmented mode, namely after the step D is finished, the reinforcement in the first drilling stage is finished, after the solidification is added in the first drilling stage, the steps A to D are repeated until the drilling construction reaches the design depth, and then follow-up operations such as hydraulic permeability increasing measures or pressure measurement and content measurement can be carried out.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the hole wall fixing device for the gas extraction drill hole of the soft coal seam, the drill bit is in threaded connection with the drill rod, a hole expanding drill bit is used for expanding holes in a part of 8-10 m of the hole opening, so that a hole packer can enter the hole packer, and the hole packer is sleeved on the drill rod; after drilling and drilling are finished, sleeving a hole packer on a drill rod at the hole opening part, injecting water with the pressure of 8MPa into the hole packer through a hole packer grouting pipe to seal the hole opening of the drill hole, then injecting reinforcing liquid into the hole through a high-pressure rubber pipe and a high-pressure rotating water tail, wherein the reinforcing liquid pressure is 5MPa, and fixing the drill hole through the reinforcing liquid. The reinforcing liquid is a liquid which is not solidified in a container made of non-coal materials such as steel or rubber and the like, but is instantaneously solidified in a crack of a coal seam with the size of 0.1mm or less, the hole wall after hole forming can be stabilized by injecting the reinforcing liquid into a drill hole, the hole collapse phenomenon after hole forming is prevented, and the reinforcing liquid is simple in blending method, strong in applicability and suitable for wide popularization.
2. The construction method of the hole wall fixing device for the gas extraction drill hole of the soft coal seam can solve the technical problem that the hole wall is stable after the hole is formed by the extraction drill hole, and can adopt a sectional reinforcement measure if the hole is seriously collapsed in the drilling process. The problem that holes are difficult to form in hydraulic permeability-increasing measures such as extraction drill holes, gas content measurement drill holes and gas pressure measurement drill holes can be effectively solved.
3. The construction method of the hole wall fixing device for the gas extraction drill hole of the soft coal seam effectively solves the problems that the construction is difficult, the process is complex, the expected effect cannot be achieved, additional accidents are caused, the hole wall fixing effect is poor, the hole wall cannot be drilled and fixed at any time in a segmented mode and the like in the prior art.
Drawings
In order to make the object, technical scheme and beneficial effect of the invention more clear, the invention provides the following drawings for explanation:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the hole wall fixing device for the gas extraction borehole of the soft coal seam under the coal mine.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include:
the device comprises a coal seam 1, a drill bit 2, a drill rod 3, a hole packer 4, a hole packer grouting pipe 5, a high-pressure rotating water tail 6 and a high-pressure rubber pipe 7.
The hole wall fixing device for the gas extraction drill hole of the soft coal seam under the coal mine comprises a hollow drill rod 3 used for being inserted into the coal seam 1 and a drill bit 2 installed at the front end of the drill rod 3, wherein the drill bit 2 is in threaded connection with the drill rod 3, a hole opening 8-10 m of the hole opening is reamed by the reaming drill bit 2, a hole packer 4 at the middle rear part of the drill rod 3 can enter the drill hole, and 5MPa of pressure is enough to press residual reinforcing liquid in the hole of the drill bit 2 into a coal body. The middle rear part of the drill rod 3 is sleeved with a hole packer 4, the hole packer 4 and the drill rod 3 are of a split structure, and the hole packer 4 does not influence the construction of the drill bit 2 on the drill rod 3. The hole packer 4 is connected with a hole packer 4 grouting pipe with a pressure pump, the rear end of the drill rod 3 is provided with a high-pressure rotating water tail 6 with the pressure pump, the high-pressure rotating water tail 6 is connected with a high-pressure rubber pipe 7, reinforcing liquid is placed in the high-pressure rubber pipe 7, the reinforcing liquid is liquid which does not solidify in a container of non-coal substances such as steel or rubber and the like but instantly solidifies in a crack of a coal seam 1 of 0.1mm grade or less, the reinforcing liquid is mixture of ash and water according to the proportion of 1: 1, and the ash comprises 85-90% of cement, 0.9-1.1% of an aluminum-based additive and 9-11% of sodium silicate.
Example 1
One-time reinforcement after pore forming
A construction method of a hole wall fixing device for a 1-gas extraction drill hole of a soft coal seam comprises the following steps:
A. adopting a drill bit 2 with a larger diameter to drill a coal seam 1 needing drilling to drill into the coal seam 10m, and then withdrawing the drill bit 2 with the diameter, replacing the drill bit 2 with the drill diameter according with the design for drilling, wherein the large-diameter drill hole section of the drill hole section 10m is used for installing a hole packer 4, and when the drilling construction is carried out to the design depth, immediately installing the hole packer 4 at the middle rear part of a drill rod 3;
B. starting a pressure pump on a grouting pipe of the hole packer 4, and injecting 8MPa water into the hole packer 4 through the grouting pipe of the hole packer 4 connected with the hole packer 4 to carry out hole sealing;
C. after the orifices are completely closed, starting a pressure pump on the high-pressure rotary water tail 6, injecting reinforcing liquid into the orifices through the high-pressure rotary water tail 6 at the tail end of the drill rod 3 and the high-pressure rubber tube 7, wherein the injection pressure of the reinforcing liquid is 5MPa, and after the injection flow of the reinforcing liquid tends to zero and is stable for 5-10 min, decompressing and removing the hole packer 4;
D. after the hole packer 4 is dismantled, clear water is injected into the hole to wash the reinforcing liquid in the drill rod 3 and the reinforcing liquid in the drill hole;
E. and after the drilling and reinforcing are finished, subsequent operations such as hydraulic permeability increasing measures or pressure measurement and content measurement can be carried out.
Example 2
Segmented repeated reinforcement in pore-forming process
A construction method of a hole wall fixing device for a 1-gas extraction drill hole of a soft coal seam comprises the following steps:
A. adopting a drill bit 2 with a larger diameter to drill a coal seam 1 needing drilling to drill into the coal seam 10m, and then withdrawing the drill bit 2 with the diameter, replacing the drill bit 2 with the drill diameter according with the design for drilling, wherein the large-diameter drill hole section of the drill hole section 10m is used for installing a hole packer 4, and when the drilling construction is carried out to the design depth, immediately installing the hole packer 4 at the middle rear part of a drill rod 3;
B. starting a pressure pump on a grouting pipe of the hole packer 4, and injecting 8MPa water into the hole packer 4 through the grouting pipe of the hole packer 4 connected with the hole packer 4 to carry out hole sealing;
C. after the orifices are completely closed, starting a pressure pump on the high-pressure rotary water tail 6, injecting reinforcing liquid into the orifices through the high-pressure rotary water tail 6 at the tail end of the drill rod 3 and the high-pressure rubber tube 7, wherein the injection pressure of the reinforcing liquid is 5MPa, and after the injection flow of the reinforcing liquid tends to zero and is stable for 5-10 min, decompressing and removing the hole packer 4;
D. after the hole packer 4 is dismantled, clear water is injected into the hole to wash the reinforcing liquid in the drill rod 3 and the reinforcing liquid in the drill hole;
E. and after the consolidation is added in the first stage of drilling, repeating the steps A to D until the drilling construction reaches the design depth, and then performing subsequent operations such as hydraulic permeability increasing measures or content measurement.
Finally, it is noted that the above-mentioned preferred embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that, although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A hole wall fixing device for a soft coal seam gas extraction drill hole is characterized by comprising a hollow drill rod and a drill bit, wherein the hollow drill rod is used for being inserted into a coal seam, the drill bit is installed at the front end of the drill rod, a hole packer is sleeved at the middle rear part of the drill rod, a hole packer grouting pipe is connected onto the hole packer, a high-pressure rotating water tail communicated with the drill rod is installed at the rear end of the drill rod, a high-pressure rubber pipe is connected onto the high-pressure rotating water tail, reinforcing liquid is placed in the high-pressure rubber pipe, the reinforcing liquid is instantly solidified when penetrating into a crack which is smaller than 0.1mm and narrower in the coal seam, and the: 1, wherein the ash comprises 85-90% of cement, 0.9-1.1% of aluminum-based additive and 9-11% of sodium silicate, and the sum of the percentages of the cement, the aluminum-based additive and the sodium silicate is 100%.
2. The hole wall fixing device for the soft coal seam gas extraction drill hole as claimed in claim 1, wherein a pressurizing pump is mounted on each of the grouting pipe of the hole packer and the high-pressure rotating water tail.
3. The hole wall fixing device for the gas extraction drill hole in the soft coal seam according to claim 2, wherein the aluminum-based additive plays a role in expansion and is any one of calcium sulphoaluminate and calcium oxide-calcium sulphoaluminate.
4. The hole wall fixing device for the gas extraction drill hole in the soft coal seam according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of liquid spraying holes are uniformly formed in the front end of the drill bit.
5. The construction method of the hole wall fixing device for the gas extraction drill hole of the soft coal seam based on any one of claims 1 to 4 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. drilling a coal seam needing to be drilled into the coal seam by adopting a drill bit with a larger diameter to drill 10m of the coal seam, and withdrawing the drill bit with the diameter, replacing the drill bit with the drill bit which accords with the designed drilling diameter for drilling, wherein the large-diameter drilling section of the orifice, namely 10m, is used for installing a hole packer, and when the drilling construction is carried out to the designed depth, the hole packer is installed at the middle rear part of the drill rod immediately;
B. starting a pressure pump on a grouting pipe of the hole packer, and injecting 6-8 MPa water into the hole packer through the grouting pipe of the hole packer connected with the hole packer to carry out hole sealing;
C. after the orifices are completely closed, starting a pressure pump on the high-pressure rotary water tail, injecting reinforcing liquid into the orifices through the high-pressure rotary water tail at the tail end of the drill rod and the high-pressure rubber tube, wherein the injection pressure of the reinforcing liquid is 3-5 MPa, and after the injection flow of the reinforcing liquid tends to zero and is stable for 5-10 min, decompressing and removing the hole packer;
D. after the hole packer is dismantled, clear water is injected into the hole to wash the reinforcing liquid in the drill rod and the reinforcing liquid in the drill hole;
E. and (5) after the drilling and reinforcing are finished, performing a hydraulic permeability-increasing measure or performing subsequent operation of measuring pressure and content.
6. The construction method of the hole wall fixing device for the soft coal seam gas extraction drill hole as claimed in claim 5, wherein the hole packer and the drill rod are of a split structure, and the hole packer does not affect the construction of a drill bit on the drill rod.
7. The construction method of the hole wall fixing device for the soft coal seam gas extraction drill hole according to claim 6, wherein the same pressure pump is adopted for pressurizing water in the hole packer and pressurizing a solidifying liquid in the high-pressure rubber pipe.
8. The construction method of the hole wall fixing device for the soft coal seam gas extraction drill hole according to claim 7, wherein the construction method is suitable for segmented repeated reinforcement in the process of forming the hole in the coal seam gas extraction drill hole, namely after step D is finished, the reinforcement in the first stage of the drill hole is finished, and after the consolidation in the first stage of the drill hole is finished, the steps A to D are repeated until the drill hole is constructed to the designed depth, and then the subsequent operation of hydraulic permeability improvement measures or pressure measurement content measurement can be performed.
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