CN108293536A - 一种树干保温缠绕膜 - Google Patents

一种树干保温缠绕膜 Download PDF

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CN108293536A
CN108293536A CN201810294262.1A CN201810294262A CN108293536A CN 108293536 A CN108293536 A CN 108293536A CN 201810294262 A CN201810294262 A CN 201810294262A CN 108293536 A CN108293536 A CN 108293536A
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何建锋
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Suzhou Villa Electronics Technology Co Ltd
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    • A01G13/00—Protection of plants
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    • A01G13/00—Protection of plants
    • A01G13/20—Protective coverings for plants
    • A01G13/27—Protective coverings for plants protecting specific parts of plants, e.g. roots, trunks or fruits
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
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    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
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    • B32B27/304—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl halide (co)polymers, e.g. PVC, PVDC, PVF, PVDF
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/10—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material
    • B32B3/12—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material characterised by a layer of regularly- arranged cells, e.g. a honeycomb structure
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/26—Polymeric coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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    • B32B2262/06—Vegetal fibres
    • B32B2262/062—Cellulose fibres, e.g. cotton
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种树干保温缠绕膜，包括依次设置的PVC带孔膜层、网状骨架层、编织纤维层、防冻涂层；所述PVC带孔膜层中的开孔密度为400‑900个/平方米；所述网状骨架层为蜂窝状；所述编织纤维层由经线和纬线编织而成；所述PVC带孔膜层、网状骨架层、编织纤维层和防冻涂层之间通过压合而成。本发明提供的树干保温缠绕膜，具有良好保温性能、透气性能、抗冻性能，且具有成本低、缠绕方便等优点。

Description

一种树干保温缠绕膜
技术领域
本发明涉及薄膜制造领域，具体为一种树干保温缠绕膜。
背景技术
北方冬季干燥多风，相对湿度大部分时间都较低。寒风会加速树枝枝干中水分的流失，最终导致部分枝或干失水过多而死亡，严重的整株死亡。因此，需要对树干进行防寒防冻处理。现有技术中最常用的方式是缠绕稻草绳，通过在树干上缠绕稻草绳可以达到防寒透气的效果。其余比较常见的方式还包括缠绕保温棉布、设置防风架等，对于较小的树干可缠绕报纸等，在温度稍微高的南方会将树木涂白。但是，现有技术中还存在着不足，例如稻草绳较细，缠绕稻草绳的工作量大；设置防风架的成本高；保温棉布虽然透气性好，但抗寒风能力差。现有技术中也有采用普通PVC薄膜进行缠绕保温，但是普通PVC薄膜的透气性差，包裹后的树干由于昼夜温差大等原因会在薄膜内部积累水汽，经过整个冬天的包裹反而容易导致树木表皮腐烂等现象。因此，有必要对现有技术中的薄膜进行改进，使其具备良好的保温性能的同时，也由具有透气性。
发明内容
为了克服上述问题，本发明提供一种具有良好保温性能、透气性能、抗冻性能，且成本低、缠绕方便的树干保温缠绕膜。
本发明的技术方案是提供一种树干保温缠绕膜，包括依次设置的PVC带孔膜层、网状骨架层、编织纤维层、防冻涂层；所述PVC带孔膜层中的开孔密度为400-900个/平方米；所述网状骨架层为蜂窝状；所述编织纤维层由经线和纬线编织而成；所述PVC带孔膜层、网状骨架层、编织纤维层和防冻涂层之间通过压合而成。
在一个优选的实施方案中，所述PVC带孔膜层中的孔径为3-8mm，所述PVC带孔膜层的厚度为0.025-0.1mm。所述通孔用于与外界进行气热交换，树干中蒸腾而出的水汽可以通过孔洞排出缠绕膜，避免在膜内累积而形成腐烂。孔洞的数量和孔径必须加以控制，过密集以及过大的孔洞会导致大气中的冷空气过多的进入缠绕膜内，带走过量的水分使得树木干枯，过稀疏或者过小的孔洞会导致密闭性过强，不利于气热交换。因此，必须将孔洞的数量和大小控制在一个合理的范围内。更优选的，所述PVC带孔膜层中的开孔密度为500-750个/平方米，所述PVC带孔膜层中的孔径为4-6mm，所述PVC带孔膜层的厚度为0.05-0.1mm。
在一个优选的实施方案中，所述网状骨架层由PET材料制成，蜂窝状网孔的边长为5-30mm，所述网状骨架层的厚度是0.1-1mm。PET即聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯，属结晶型饱和聚酯，具有较好的尺寸稳定性。通过将其制备成蜂窝网状，可以提升整个缠绕膜的刚性。更优选的，蜂窝状网孔的边长为10-20mm，网状骨架层的厚度是0.5-0.8mm。整个网状骨架的厚度不宜过高，过高的骨架厚度会使缠绕膜整体刚性太强，既不容易弯曲，也不容易拉伸，使得缠绕膜无法有效贴合树干表面。过低的骨架厚度会使得刚性不足，容易拉扯变形断裂。
在一个优选的实施方案中，编织纤维层厚度为1-2mm。所述编织纤维可以是本领域中通用的具有保温性能的纤维。优选的纤维材料有：棉纤维、麻纤维、竹纤维、腈纶、涤纶、丙纶、氨纶、维尼纶、尼龙、碳纤维等、玻璃纤维、石棉。在本发明的一个优选实施方式中，棉纤维是较佳的保温材料，尤其是低温隔热棉。交织的棉纤维之间保存了大量空气，而空气是热的不良导体，因此，采用棉纤维能够使本发明的缠绕膜具有较好的保温性能。
在一个优选的实施方案中，所述防冻涂层通过在无纺布上喷洒防冻剂而制成，所述防冻涂层内层还涂覆有聚合物疏水膜。防冻剂主要有电解质型或者表面活性剂型，其中，电解质型主要用于降低冰点而产生防冻效果，表面活性剂型主要形成疏水薄膜而产生防冻效果。本发明中，防冻涂层的制备方法可以是：将一薄层的防冻溶液（100-200μm）施加至无纺布上，至形成均一含水无纺布后施加稍高的温度，进行蒸发，蒸发至干后均匀涂覆一层聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯溶液，常温下挥发可形成一薄层聚合物薄膜。通过上述步骤可制备含有防冻剂的防冻涂层。
在一个优选的实施方案中，所述树干保温缠绕膜的宽度为50-350mm。具体的使用宽度与所要缠绕的树木直径相关，较粗的树干部分可以使用宽度较宽的缠绕膜，而较细的树干或者树枝则使用相应较窄的缠绕膜。
在压合生产的过程中，每层之间可适当添加少量压敏胶，优选3M工业压敏胶粘剂。
本发明的有益效果是：
1、本发明中设置的带孔膜层使得缠绕膜在具有保温功能的前提下还具有透气功能；网状骨架可以提供一定韧性的缠绕性能，还具有一定的支撑效果；编织纤维层是保温的主体材料，起到主要保温作用；防冻涂层除了防冻添加剂以外，还具有疏水膜层，起到双重防冻效果。缠绕膜整体既具有保温透气效果，也具有防冻抗冻效果。
2、本发明的树干保温缠绕膜使用方便，对需要进行作业的树干直接进行缠绕即可，方便快捷，省时省力。
附图说明
图1是本发明结构示意图；
图2是本发明结构分解示意图；
1- PVC带孔膜层，2-网状骨架层，3-编织纤维层，4-防冻涂层。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解，下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐述本发明。
如图1-2所示，本发明的一种树干保温缠绕膜，包括依次设置的PVC带孔膜层1、网状骨架层2、编织纤维层3和防冻涂层4；其中PVC带孔膜层中的开孔密度为600个/平方米；网状骨架层2为蜂窝状；编织纤维层3由经线和纬线编织而成；各层之间通过添加少量压敏粘合剂压合而成。
具体的，PVC带孔膜层1中的孔径为5mm，厚度为0.08mm。网状骨架层2由PET材料制成，蜂窝状网孔的边长为15mm，所述网状骨架层的厚度是0.5mm。编织纤维层3由棉纤维编织而成，厚度为1.5mm。防冻涂层4的主体部分为无纺布，无纺布中含有防冻剂。无纺布的内表层上还涂覆有聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯疏水膜。
按规格不同，分别制备宽度为50mm、150mm、250mm、350mm四种缠绕膜。
本发明的树干保温缠绕膜通过最里层的无纺布层贴合树干，无纺布中的防冻剂和疏水膜起到双重防冻效果；通过编织棉纤维起到保温作用，通过PET网状骨架保持一定的韧性，并通过最外层的PVC带孔薄膜起到防风透气功能。
以上实施例仅为本发明其中的一种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (6)

1.一种树干保温缠绕膜，其特征在于：包括依次设置的PVC带孔膜层、网状骨架层、编织纤维层、防冻涂层；
所述PVC带孔膜层中的开孔密度为400-900个/平方米；
所述网状骨架层为蜂窝状；
所述编织纤维层由经线和纬线编织而成；
所述PVC带孔膜层、网状骨架层、编织纤维层和防冻涂层之间通过压合而成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的树干保温缠绕膜，其特征在于：所述PVC带孔膜层中的开孔密度为500-750个/平方米，所述PVC带孔膜层中的孔径为3-8mm，所述PVC带孔膜层的厚度为0.025-0.1mm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的树干保温缠绕膜，其特征在于：所述网状骨架层由PET材料制成，蜂窝状网孔的边长为5-30mm，所述网状骨架层的厚度是0.1-1mm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的树干保温缠绕膜，其特征在于：所述编织纤维层厚度为1-2mm。
5.根据权利要求1所述的树干保温缠绕膜，其特征在于：所述防冻涂层通过在无纺布上喷洒防冻剂而制成，所述防冻涂层内层还涂覆有聚合物疏水膜。
6.根据权利要求1所述的树干保温缠绕膜，其特征在于：所述树干保温缠绕膜的宽度为50-350mm。
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