CN108291280B - Improved wrought 7XXX aluminum alloys, and methods for making the same - Google Patents
Improved wrought 7XXX aluminum alloys, and methods for making the same Download PDFInfo
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- CN108291280B CN108291280B CN201680070268.XA CN201680070268A CN108291280B CN 108291280 B CN108291280 B CN 108291280B CN 201680070268 A CN201680070268 A CN 201680070268A CN 108291280 B CN108291280 B CN 108291280B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/10—Alloys based on aluminium with zinc as the next major constituent
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/053—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with zinc as the next major constituent
Abstract
The subject invention is an improved wrought 7XXX aluminum alloys, and methods for making the same. The invention discloses a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloys. The new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloys generally include 3.75 wt.% to 8.0 wt.% Zn, 1.25 wt.% to 3.0 wt.% Mg, with the wt.% Zn exceeding the wt.% Mg, 0.35 wt.% to 1.35 wt.% Cu, 0.04 wt.% to 0.20 wt.% V, 0.06 wt.% to 0.20 wt.% Zr, with V + Zr ≦ 0.23 wt.%, 0.01 wt.% to 0.25 wt.% Ti, up to 0.50 wt.% Mn, up to 0.40 wt.% Cr, up to 0.35 wt.% Fe, and up to 0.25 wt.% Si, with the balance being aluminum and impurities, wherein the wrought 7xxx aluminum alloys include any one impurity each not greater than 0.10 wt.%, and wherein the wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes a total impurity not greater than 0.35 wt.%.
Description
Cross Reference to Related Applications
This patent application claims priority from provisional U.S. patent application serial No. 62/248,165 entitled "WROUGHT 7XXX ALUMINUM ALLOYS, AND METHODS FOR MAKING THE SAME" (WROUGHT 7XXX ALUMINUM ALLOYS AND METHODS of making the same) filed on 29/10/2015, the entire disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
This patent application is related to commonly owned U.S. patent application 14/694,109 entitled "IMPROVED 7XX ALUMINUM CASTING alloy, AND METHODS FOR MAKING THE SAME" (IMPROVED 7XX ALUMINUM CASTING alloy AND method of making the same) filed on 23.4.2015.
Background
Aluminum alloys can be used in a variety of applications. However, improving one property of an aluminum alloy without degrading another property has not been achieved. For example, it is difficult to enhance the strength or corrosion resistance of wrought 7xxx aluminum alloys without affecting other properties.
Disclosure of Invention
Broadly, the present application relates to an improved wrought 7xxx aluminum alloys and methods for producing the same. The new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloys may achieve improved combinations of at least two of, for example, strength, corrosion resistance, fatigue failure resistance, and quench insensitivity, among other properties.
The new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloys generally comprise (and in some cases consist essentially of or consist of) zinc (Zn), magnesium (Mg), copper (Cu), vanadium (V), zirconium (Zr), and titanium (Ti), as the major alloying elements, and optionally also manganese (Mn) and/or chromium (Cr), with the balance being aluminum (Al), iron (Fe), silicon (Si), and unavoidable impurities, as defined below. Some embodiments of a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy composition are shown in fig. 1.
In the case of zinc, the new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloys generally include from 3.75 wt.% to 8.0 wt.% Zn. In one embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes not greater than 7.5 wt.% Zn. In another embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes not greater than 7.0 wt.% Zn. In yet another embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes not greater than 6.5 wt.% Zn. In another embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes not greater than 6.0 wt.% Zn. In yet another embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes not greater than 5.5 wt.% Zn. In another embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes not greater than 5.0 wt.% Zn. In another embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes not greater than 4.75 wt.% Zn. In one embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes at least 4.0 wt.% Zn. In another embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes at least 4.25 wt.% Zn. In yet another embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes at least 4.35 wt.% Zn.
The new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloys generally include magnesium in the range of from 1.25 wt.% to 3.0 wt.% Mg. In one embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes not greater than 2.75 wt.% Mg. In another embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes not greater than 2.5 wt.% Mg. In yet another embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes not greater than 2.25 wt.% Mg. In another embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes not greater than 2.0 wt.% Mg. In yet another embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes not greater than 1.8 wt.% Mg. In one embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes at least 1.35 wt.% Mg. In another embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes at least 1.40 wt.% Mg. In yet another embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes at least 1.45 wt.% Mg. In another embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes at least 1.50 wt.% Mg.
In some embodiments, the amounts of zinc and magnesium may be limited (e.g., to improve corrosion resistance). Thus, in one embodiment, the combined amount of zinc and magnesium in the newly wrought 7xxx aluminum alloys may be not greater than 7.0 wt.% (i.e., wt.% Zn + wt.% Mg ≦ 7.0 wt.%). In another embodiment, the combined amount of zinc and magnesium in the newly wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy is not greater than 6.75 wt.% (i.e., wt.% Zn + wt.% Mg ≦ 6.75 wt.%). In yet another embodiment, the combined amount of zinc and magnesium in the newly wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy is not greater than 6.50 wt.% (i.e., wt.% Zn + wt.% Mg ≦ 6.50 wt.%). In another embodiment, the combined amount of zinc and magnesium in the newly wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy is not greater than 6.25 wt.% (i.e., wt.% Zn + wt.% Mg ≦ 6.25 wt.%). In yet another embodiment, the combined amount of zinc and magnesium in the newly wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy is not greater than 6.00 wt.% (i.e., wt.% Zn + wt.% Mg ≦ 6.00 wt.%).
The new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloys generally include copper and are in the range of 0.35 wt.% to 1.35 wt.% Cu, and wherein the amount of magnesium exceeds the amount of copper. As shown below, copper can promote, for example, improved corrosion resistance (e.g., improved SCC resistance) and/or strength. In one embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes not greater than 1.15 wt.% Cu. In another embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes not greater than 1.00 wt.% Cu. In yet another embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.95 wt.% Cu. In another embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.90 wt.% Cu. In yet another embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.85 wt.% Cu. In another embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.80 wt.% Cu. In one embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes at least 0.40 wt.% Cu. In another embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes at least 0.45 wt.% Cu. In yet another embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes at least 0.50 wt.% Cu. In another embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes at least 0.55 wt.% Cu. In yet another embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes at least 0.60 wt.% Cu.
The new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloys generally include from 0.04 wt.% to 0.20 wt.% V. As shown below, vanadium may promote, for example, improved corrosion resistance and/or quench insensitivity. In one embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.18 wt.% V. In another embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.16 wt.% V. In yet another embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.15 wt.% V. In another embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.14 wt.% V. In yet another embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.13 wt.% V. In another embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.12 wt.% V. In yet another embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.11 wt.% V. In one embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes at least 0.05 wt.% V. In another embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes at least 0.06 wt.% V. In yet another embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes at least 0.07 wt.% V. In another embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes at least 0.08 wt.% V.
The new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloys generally include from 0.06 wt.% to 0.20 wt.% Zr. As shown by the data below, the combination of vanadium and zirconium may promote, for example, improved fatigue failure resistance characteristics. In one embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.18 wt.% Zr. In another embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.16 wt.% Zr. In yet another embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.15 wt.% Zr. In another embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.14 wt.% Zr. In yet another embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.13 wt.% Zr. In one embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes at least 0.07 wt.% Zr. In another embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes at least 0.08 wt.% Zr.
The total amount of vanadium plus zirconium should be controlled to limit the high volume fraction of constituent particles (e.g., high volume fraction of Al)3Zr、Al23V4、Al7V and/or Al10V constituent particles). In one embodiment, the total amount of vanadium plus zirconium does not exceed 0.23 wt.% V + Zr. In another embodiment, the total amount of vanadium plus zirconium does not exceed 0.22 wt.% V + Zr. In yet another embodiment, the total amount of vanadium plus zirconium does not exceed 0.21 wt.% V + Zr. In another embodiment, the total amount of vanadium plus zirconium does not exceed 0.20 wt.% V + Zr. In one embodiment, Al3Zr、Al23V4、Al7V and Al10The total volume fraction of the V constituent particles does not exceed 0.07%. Can be, for example, passed through PandatTMThe total volume fraction of these constituent particles was determined by the software and the panaluminaum thermodynamic database (compu therm LLC,437s. yellowstone dr. suite 217, Madison, WI, USA). In one embodiment, Al3Zr、Al23V4、Al7V and Al10The total volume fraction of the V constituent particles does not exceed 0.06%. In another embodiment, Al3Zr、Al23V4、Al7V and Al10The total volume fraction of the V constituent particles does not exceed 0.05%. In yet another embodiment, Al3Zr、Al23V4、Al7V and Al10The total volume fraction of the V constituent particles does not exceed 0.04%. In another embodiment, Al3Zr、Al23V4、Al7V and Al10The total volume fraction of the V constituent particles does not exceed 0.03%. In yet another embodiment, Al3Zr、Al23V4、Al7V and Al10The total volume fraction of the V constituent particles does not exceed 0.02%. In another embodiment, Al3Zr、Al23V4、Al7V and Al10The total volume fraction of the V constituent particles does not exceed 0.01%. In yet another embodiment, Al3Zr、Al23V4、Al7V and Al10The total volume fraction of the V constituent particles does not exceed 0.005%.
The new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloys generally include from 0.01 wt.% to 0.25 wt.% Ti. In one embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes from 0.01 wt.% to 0.15 wt.% Ti. In another embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes from 0.01 wt.% to 0.10 wt.% Ti. In yet another embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes from 0.01 wt.% to 0.08 wt.% Ti. In another embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes from 0.02 wt.% to 0.05 wt.% Ti. The titanium may be TiB2Or TiC (e.g., at least partially).
In some embodiments, the new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloys may include up to 0.50 wt.% Mn. In embodiments utilizing manganese, the new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloys generally include from 0.10 wt.% to 0.50 wt.% Mn. In one embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes from 0.10 wt.% to 0.25 wt.% Mn. In some embodiments, the new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloys are substantially free of manganese, and, in these embodiments, contain less than 0.10 wt.%. Mn (i.e., ≦ 0.09 wt% Mn), such as ≦ 0.05 wt% Mn, or ≦ 0.04 wt% Mn, or ≦ 0.03 wt% Mn.
In some embodiments, the new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloys may include up to 0.40 wt.% Cr. In embodiments utilizing chromium, the new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloys generally include from 0.10 wt.% to 0.40 wt.% Cr. In one embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes from 0.10 wt.% to 0.35 wt.% Cr. In another embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes from 0.10 wt.% to 0.25 wt.% Cr. In some embodiments, the new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloys are substantially free of chromium, and in these embodiments, contain less than 0.10 wt.%. Cr (i.e., ≦ 0.09 wt% Cr), such as ≦ 0.05 wt% Cr, or ≦ 0.04 wt% Cr, or ≦ 0.03 wt% Cr.
The new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloys may include iron, up to 0.35 wt.% Fe. In one embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.25 wt.% Fe. In another embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.20 wt.% Fe. In yet another embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.15 wt.% Fe. In another embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.12 wt.% Fe. In yet another embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.10 wt.% Fe. In yet another embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.08 wt.% Fe. In one embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes at least 0.01 wt.% Fe.
The new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloys may include silicon, up to 0.25 wt.% Si. In one embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.20 wt.% Si. In another embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.15 wt.% Si. In yet another embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.10 wt.% Si. In yet another embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.08 wt.% Si. In another embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.05 wt.% Si. In one embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes at least 0.01 wt.% Si.
The balance of the freshly wrought 7xxx aluminum alloys are typically aluminum and unavoidable impurities. In one embodiment, the new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloys include no more than 0.10 wt.% each of any one impurity (measured on an elemental basis), and the total combined amount of these impurities does not exceed 0.35 wt.% in the new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy (i.e., ≦ 0.10 wt.% each of any one impurity, and ≦ 0.35 wt.% total impurities). In another embodiment, each impurity individually does not exceed 0.05 wt.% in the new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloys, and the total combined amount of impurities does not exceed 0.15 wt.% in the new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloys (i.e., ≦ 0.05 wt.% of any of the impurities individually, and ≦ 0.15 wt.% of the total impurities). In another embodiment, each of these impurities individually does not exceed 0.03 wt.% in the new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloys, and the total combined amount of these impurities does not exceed 0.10 wt.% in the new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloys (i.e., ≦ 0.03 wt.% of any of the impurities individually, and ≦ 0.10 wt.% of the total impurities).
The new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloys described herein may be cast (e.g., as ingots or billets), followed by homogenization, and then hot worked into an intermediate or final form (e.g., cold worked after hot working when hot working produces the intermediate form). In one embodiment, the hot working is forging. In one embodiment, forging produces a shaped product, such as a wheel product. In another embodiment, the thermal processing is rolling or extrusion. After hot working (and any optional cold working), the new alloy may be tempered, such as by solution heat treatment, followed by quenching, then naturally aged, followed by artificial aging. Suitable temper states include T4, T5, T6 and T7 temper states, for example as defined in ANSI H35.1 (2009). In one embodiment, the novel alloy compositions described herein are processed into forged wheel products according to the methods described in commonly owned U.S. patent application publication 2006/0000094, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. In one embodiment, the new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloys described herein are processed to a T5 temper (e.g., a T53 temper), which may include press quenching the new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy (e.g., in the form of a forged wheel) after solution heat treating.
As noted above, the new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloys may realize improved quench insensitivity. Quench insensitivity relates to the sensitivity of an aluminum alloy to the quenching conditions used after solution heat treatment. One indicator of quench sensitivity is a significant decrease in strength at low quench rates compared to high quench rates. As shown in the examples below, the new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloys described herein may be relatively quench insensitive. For the purposes of this application, quench insensitivity is measured by: freshly forged 7xxx aluminum alloys are conventionally produced to a final gauge of 1.0 inch (2.54mm) rolled sheet, after which two identical pieces of the sheet are solution heat treated, followed by cold water quenching of one piece in 77 ° f (25 ℃) water and boiling water quenching of the other piece, all for a period of 10 minutes, and then the pieces are allowed to air dry. The two pieces were then naturally aged for 24 hours, followed by two artificial ages, the first being 3 hours at 250 ° f (with 2 hours of heating from ambient to 250 ° f) and the second being 8 hours at 340 ° f. The longitudinal (L) tensile yield strength of the two workpieces was measured at T/2 according to ASTM B557 and E8 using at least two test specimens, after which the measured strength of each workpiece was averaged. The average TYS (l) of cold water quenched ("CWQ") workpieces was then compared to the average TYS (l) of boiling water quenched (BWQ ") TYS. The difference between the two average TYS values (i.e., CQV (TYS) -BWQ (TYS)) is the quench insensitivity of the alloy.
In one embodiment, the new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloys achieve a quench insensitivity (as defined above) of not greater than 7ksi (i.e., CQs (TYS) -BWQ (TYS). ltoreq.7 ksi). In another embodiment, the new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloys realize a quench insensitivity of not greater than 6 ksi. In yet another embodiment, the new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloys realize a quench insensitivity of not greater than 5 ksi. In another embodiment, the new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloys realize a quench insensitivity of not greater than 4 ksi. In yet another embodiment, the new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloys realize a quench insensitivity of not greater than 3 ksi. In another embodiment, the new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloys realize a quench insensitivity of not greater than 2 ksi. In yet another embodiment, the new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloys realize a quench insensitivity of not greater than 1 ksi. In another embodiment, the new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloys achieve a quench insensitivity of not greater than 0ksi, meaning that the boiling water quenched alloy achieves at least equivalent strength to the cold water quenched alloy. In yet another embodiment, the new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloys achieve a quench insensitivity of not greater than-1 ksi, meaning that the boiling water quenched alloy achieves a higher strength than the cold water quenched alloy. In another embodiment, the new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloys realize a quench insensitivity of not greater than-2 ksi. In another embodiment, the new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloys realize a quench insensitivity of not greater than-3 ksi. In another embodiment, the new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloys realize a quench insensitivity of not greater than-4 ksi. In another embodiment, the new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloys realize a quench insensitivity of not greater than-5 ksi. In another embodiment, the new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloys realize a quench insensitivity of not greater than-6 ksi. In another embodiment, the new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloys realize a quench insensitivity of not greater than-7 ksi. In another embodiment, the new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloys realize a quench insensitivity of not greater than-8 ksi. In another embodiment, the new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloys realize a quench insensitivity of not greater than-9 ksi or above.
The quench insensitivity of the newly wrought 7xxx aluminum alloys may facilitate improved strength. Also, when using a hot quench medium, less deformation can be achieved for a freshly wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy.
The freshly wrought 7xxx aluminum alloys may be solution heat treated post-quenched using any suitable fluid or medium. In one embodiment, the new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloys are water quenched (cold water, hot water, or boiling water quenched). In one embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy is hot or boiling water quenched. Hot water quenching is quenching using water having a temperature of 150 ° f to boiling (212 ° f at standard temperature and pressure). Boiling water is used for quenching. Boiling water quenching is one of the hot water quenching categories. As shown by the data below, the use of hot water quenching (including boiling water quenching) may promote improved SCC resistance. In another embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy is air quenched (e.g., via forced air quenching). In yet another embodiment, a new wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy is press quenched. In one embodiment, the quenching step produces an average cooling rate of 1 to 25 ° f per second measured during the first 60 seconds of quenching. In another embodiment, the quenching step produces an average cooling rate of no greater than 22.5 ° f per second measured during the first 60 seconds of quenching. In yet another embodiment, the quenching step produces an average cooling rate of no greater than 20 ° f per second measured during the first 60 seconds of quenching. In another embodiment, the quenching step produces an average cooling rate of no greater than 17.5 ° f per second measured during the first 60 seconds of quenching. In yet another embodiment, the quenching step produces an average cooling rate of no greater than 15 ° f per second measured during the first 60 seconds of quenching. In another embodiment, the quenching step produces an average cooling rate of no greater than 12.5 ° f per second measured during the first 60 seconds of quenching. In yet another embodiment, the quenching step produces an average cooling rate of no greater than 10 ° f per second measured during the first 60 seconds of quenching. In another embodiment, the quenching step produces an average cooling rate of no greater than 9.0 ° f per second measured during the first 60 seconds of quenching. In yet another embodiment, the quenching step produces an average cooling rate of no greater than 8.0 ° f per second measured during the first 60 seconds of quenching. In another embodiment, the quenching step produces an average cooling rate of no greater than 7.0 ° f per second measured during the first 60 seconds of quenching. In yet another embodiment, the quenching step produces an average cooling rate of no greater than 6.0 ° f per second measured during the first 60 seconds of quenching.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a table showing various embodiments of new 7xxx wrought aluminum alloy compositions.
Detailed Description
Example 1
Several 7xxx aluminum alloys having the compositions shown in table 1 below were cast into laboratory-scale 2.5 inch (6.35cm) thick ingots (nominal). The ingot was then peeled, homogenized and hot rolled to a final gauge of 1.25 inches (3.175 cm). After hot rolling, the plates were examined metallographically. This inspection shows that plates 2, 14, 15, 17 and 18 contain a high volume fraction of constituent particles due to the excess of V + Zr + Ti content relative to the Zn + Mg + Cu content of these alloys.
The hot rolled sheet was then subjected to solution heat treatment, cold water quenching, and then natural aging for about 24 hours. After natural aging, the panels were then artificially aged in two steps, first 3 hours at 250 ℃ F. and then 8 hours at 340 ℃ F. Several alloy samples in a naturally aged condition were also artificially aged, first at 250F for 3 hours and then at 340F for 16 hours. The machine direction (L) mechanical properties of the artificially aged boards were then measured at T/2 according to ASTM B557 and E8, the results of which are shown in table 2 below (average of duplicate samples).
Table 1-composition of alloy of example 1 (all values are in weight percent)
| Alloy number | Si | Fe | Zn | Mg | Cu | V | Zr | V+ |
| 1** | 0.056 | 0.087 | 4.25 | 1.59 | 0.57 | 0.079 | 0.10 | 0.179 |
| 2 | 0.059 | 0.094 | 4.83 | 1.67 | 0.65 | 0.120 | 0.19 | 0.310 |
| 3** | 0.057 | 0.095 | 5.20 | 1.60 | 0.64 | 0.082 | 0.10 | 0.182 |
| 4** | 0.056 | 0.094 | 6.02 | 1.57 | 0.64 | 0.086 | 0.10 | 0.186 |
| 5 | 0.057 | 0.085 | 3.65 | 1.66 | 0.62 | 0.080 | 0.11 | 0.190 |
| 6 | 0.059 | 0.092 | 2.83 | 1.61 | 0.60 | 0.080 | 0.10 | 0.180 |
| 7** | 0.064 | 0.093 | 4.39 | 1.99 | 0.62 | 0.088 | 0.10 | 0.188 |
| 8** | 0.057 | 0.092 | 4.38 | 2.37 | 0.61 | 0.089 | 0.10 | 0.189 |
| 9 | 0.052 | 0.072 | 4.53 | 1.20 | 0.55 | 0.083 | 0.10 | 0.183 |
| 10 | 0.050 | 0.080 | 4.40 | 0.85 | 0.60 | 0.080 | 0.10 | 0.180 |
| 11** | 0.058 | 0.084 | 4.41 | 1.63 | 0.88 | 0.084 | 0.10 | 0.184 |
| 12** | 0.054 | 0.088 | 4.38 | 1.64 | 1.26 | 0.083 | 0.10 | 0.183 |
| 13** | 0.055 | 0.088 | 4.35 | 1.63 | 0.42 | 0.082 | 0.12 | 0.202 |
| 14 | 0.059 | 0.092 | 4.44 | 1.67 | 0.61 | 0.200 | 0.10 | 0.300 |
| 15 | 0.059 | 0.086 | 4.46 | 1.62 | 0.61 | 0.160 | 0.11 | 0.270 |
| 16** | 0.058 | 0.100 | 4.41 | 1.55 | 0.64 | 0.056 | 0.10 | 0.156 |
| 17 | 0.057 | 0.089 | 4.39 | 1.65 | 0.61 | 0.088 | 0.15 | 0.238 |
| 18 | 0.059 | 0.092 | 4.44 | 1.61 | 0.62 | 0.086 | 0.19 | 0.276 |
| 19** | 0.054 | 0.084 | 4.36 | 1.62 | 0.59 | 0.086 | 0.06 | 0.146 |
| 20 | 0.056 | 0.088 | 4.31 | 1.6 | 0.61 | 0.078 | 0 | 0.078 |
The balance of the alloy being Ti, Al and impurities; all alloys contained 0.02 wt% to 0.03 wt% Ti, except alloy 2 contained 0.055 wt% Ti; all alloys contain 0.03 wt% or less of any impurity, and the total amount of all impurities is 0.10 wt% or less; in this embodiment, the impurities include Mn and Cr.
Alloys of the invention
TABLE 2 measured mechanical Properties of the alloy of example 1
As shown in the table, alloys 5-6 and 9-10 with low zinc (alloy 5-6) or low magnesium (9-10) have low strength, failing to achieve a Tensile Yield Strength (TYS) of at least 320MPa and a tensile elongation of at least 12%.
The alloy sheets 1, 13, 16 and 20 were also subjected to a rotary beam fatigue test according to ISO 1143, the results of which are shown in table 3 below. The stress level for this test was 15ksi, where R ═ 1 and RPM was 10,000. Three specimens were used for each alloy, and the number of fatigue cycles was measured for each specimen. The test expiration was 10,000,000 cycles.
TABLE 3 measured fatigue Life for alloys 1, 13, 16 and 20
As shown, alloy 20, which did not contain zirconium, achieved poorer fatigue properties relative to alloys 1, 13 and 16.
Example 2
Three 7xxx aluminum alloys having the compositions shown in table 4 below were cast into commercial scale ingots. Using these billets, 3 ". times.7.75" samples were obtained from D/2 by machining. These samples were then hot rolled to a final gauge of about 1.0 inch (2.54 cm). The hot rolled sheet is then solution heat treated, followed by Cold Water (CW) or Boiling Water (BW) quenching, and then naturally aged for about 24 hours. Cold water quenching means the use of ambient temperature water. By boiling water quenching is meant the use of boiling water. After natural aging, the panels were then artificially aged in two steps, the first at 250 ° f for 3 hours (with 2 hours heating from ambient to 250 ° f) and the second at 340 ° f for 8 hours. The longitudinal (L) mechanical properties of the plaques were then measured at T/2 according to ASTM B557 and E8, the results of which are shown in table 5 below (average of duplicate samples). SCC results were also measured at 25ksi and 35ksi Stress levels according to ASTM G103-97(2011) "Standard Practice for Evaluating Stress-correction Resistance of Low Copper 7XXX Series Al-Zn-Mg-Cu Alloys in foaming 6% Sodium Chloride Solution" (Standard Practice for Evaluating Stress Corrosion Cracking Resistance of Low Copper 7XXX Series Al-Zn-Mg-Cu Alloys in Boiling 6% Sodium Chloride solutions), with the results shown in Table 6 below.
Table 4-composition of alloy of example 2 (all values are in weight percent)
| Alloy number | Si | Fe | Zn | Mg | Cu | V | Zr |
| A | 0.062 | 0.065 | 4.38 | 1.54 | 0.63 | 0.06 | 0.08 |
| B | 0.078 | 0.061 | 4.60 | 1.72 | 0.61 | 0.01 | 0.11 |
| C | 0.060 | 0.068 | 4.43 | 1.71 | 0.89 | 0.01 | 0.10 |
The balance of the alloy being Ti, Al and impurities; all alloys contained 0.02 wt% to 0.03 wt% Ti; all alloys contain 0.03 wt% or less of any impurity, and the total amount of all impurities is 0.10 wt% or less; in this embodiment, the impurities include Mn and Cr.
TABLE 5 measured mechanical Properties of the alloy of example 2
TABLE 6 SCC characteristics of the alloys of example 2
OK 7-passed a full 7 day SCC test
7.0 failure on day 7
As shown in the table, alloy a achieved an excellent combination of strength, tensile and SCC resistance properties. As shown, alloy A is substantially quench insensitive, achieving a tensile yield strength of about 8ksi high when quenched in boiling water.
While various embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail, it is apparent that modifications and adaptations of those embodiments will occur to those skilled in the art. It is to be expressly understood, however, that such modifications and adaptations are within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (17)
1. A wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy product, consisting of:
(a)3.75 to 8.0 wt.% Zn;
(b)1.25 to 3.0 wt.% Mg;
(c)0.35 to 1.15 wt.% Cu;
(d)0.04 to 0.20 wt% V;
(e)0.06 to 0.20 wt.% Zr;
wherein V + Zr is less than or equal to 0.21 wt%;
(f)0.01 to 0.25 wt% Ti;
(g) up to 0.50 wt.% Mn;
(h) up to 0.40 wt% Cr;
(i) up to 0.35 wt.% Fe; and
(j) up to 0.25 wt.% Si;
(k) the balance being aluminum and impurities, wherein the wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes no greater than 0.10 wt.% each of any one of the impurities, and wherein the wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes a total of no greater than 0.35 wt.% of the impurities;
wherein Al is3Zr、Al23V4、Al7V and Al10The total volume fraction of V constituent particles in the wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy is not greater than 0.07 volume percent.
2. The wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy product of claim 1, wherein the wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy is a forged wheel product.
3. The wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy product of claim 1, wherein the wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy is a forged wheel product in the T5 temper.
4. The wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy product of claim 1, wherein the wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy is a forged wheel product in the T5 temper, and wherein the wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy realizes a quench insensitivity of not greater than 7 ksi.
5. The wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy product of claim 1, wherein the wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes not greater than 5.5 wt.% Zn.
6. The wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy product of claim 1, wherein the wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes not greater than 4.75 wt.% Zn.
7. The wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy product of claim 1, wherein the total of zinc and magnesium is not greater than 7.0 wt.%.
8. The wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy product of claim 1, wherein the total of zinc and magnesium is not greater than 6.0 wt.%.
9. The wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy product of claim 1, wherein the wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.95 wt.% Cu.
10. The wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy product of claim 9, wherein the wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes at least 0.50 wt.% Cu.
11. The wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy product of claim 1, wherein the wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes from 0.06 to 0.16 wt.% V and from 0.07 to 0.16 wt.% Zr.
12. The wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy product of claim 11, wherein Al is3Zr、Al23V4、Al7V and Al10The total volume fraction of V constituent particles in the wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy is not greater than 0.01 volume percent.
13. The wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy product of claim 1, wherein the wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes any one impurity of not greater than 0.05 wt.% each, and wherein the wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy includes a total of not greater than 0.15 wt.% impurities.
14. The wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy product of claim 1, wherein the wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy is a forged wheel product in the T5 temper, and wherein the wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy realizes a quench insensitivity of not greater than 0 ksi.
15. The wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy product of claim 11, wherein Al is3Zr、Al23V4、Al7V and Al10The total volume fraction of V constituent particles in the wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy is not greater than 0.06 vol%.
16. The wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy product of claim 11, wherein Al is3Zr、Al23V4、Al7V and Al10The total volume fraction of V constituent particles in the wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy is not greater than 0.04 volume%.
17. The wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy product of claim 11, wherein Al is3Zr、Al23V4、Al7V and Al10The total volume fraction of V constituent particles in the wrought 7xxx aluminum alloy is not greater than 0.02 volume percent.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US201562248165P | 2015-10-29 | 2015-10-29 | |
| US62/248,165 | 2015-10-29 | ||
| PCT/US2016/059120 WO2017075217A1 (en) | 2015-10-29 | 2016-10-27 | Improved wrought 7xxx aluminum alloys, and methods for making the same |
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| CN108291280A CN108291280A (en) | 2018-07-17 |
| CN108291280B true CN108291280B (en) | 2021-05-11 |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20170121795A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP3368702B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN108291280B (en) |
| CA (1) | CA3003158C (en) |
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| WO (1) | WO2017075217A1 (en) |
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| CN107619976B (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2019-04-16 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | A kind of Al-Zn-Mg alloy and preparation method thereof |
| EP3704279A4 (en) | 2017-10-31 | 2021-03-10 | Howmet Aerospace Inc. | Improved aluminum alloys, and methods for producing the same |
| BR112021004434B1 (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2024-01-02 | Novelis Koblenz Gmbh | 7XXX SERIES ALUMINUM ALLOY PRODUCT |
| EP3927860A4 (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2022-11-23 | Howmet Aerospace Inc. | Improved aluminum-magnesium-zinc aluminum alloys |
| US20210172044A1 (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2021-06-10 | Kaiser Aluminum Fabricated Products, Llc | High Strength Press Quenchable 7xxx alloy |
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| JP2010221256A (en) * | 2009-03-24 | 2010-10-07 | Furukawa-Sky Aluminum Corp | Tube joining method |
| JP5928555B2 (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2016-06-01 | キヤノンマーケティングジャパン株式会社 | Information processing system, information processing method, and computer program |
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| US5135713A (en) * | 1984-03-29 | 1992-08-04 | Aluminum Company Of America | Aluminum-lithium alloys having high zinc |
| US4867805A (en) * | 1988-02-03 | 1989-09-19 | Agrawal Suphal P | Superplastic aluminum alloys, alloy processes and component part formations thereof |
| JPH03122245A (en) * | 1989-10-06 | 1991-05-24 | Furukawa Alum Co Ltd | High strength aluminum alloy for welding excellent in stress corrosion cracking resistance |
| US20050034794A1 (en) * | 2003-04-10 | 2005-02-17 | Rinze Benedictus | High strength Al-Zn alloy and method for producing such an alloy product |
| US20060000009A1 (en) * | 2004-07-01 | 2006-01-05 | Fleming Michael P | Protective helmet for children in automobiles |
| US20060000094A1 (en) | 2004-07-01 | 2006-01-05 | Garesche Carl E | Forged aluminum vehicle wheel and associated method of manufacture and alloy |
| WO2007020041A2 (en) * | 2005-08-16 | 2007-02-22 | Aleris Aluminum Koblenz Gmbh | High strength weldable al-mg alloy |
| US7914646B2 (en) * | 2006-07-21 | 2011-03-29 | Nalco Company | Compositions and processes for paper production |
| CN101484603B (en) * | 2006-07-07 | 2011-09-21 | 阿勒里斯铝业科布伦茨有限公司 | Aa7000-series aluminium alloy products and a method of manufacturing thereof |
| WO2009156283A1 (en) * | 2008-06-24 | 2009-12-30 | Aleris Aluminum Koblenz Gmbh | Al-zn-mg alloy product with reduced quench sensitivity |
| US9347558B2 (en) * | 2010-08-25 | 2016-05-24 | Spirit Aerosystems, Inc. | Wrought and cast aluminum alloy with improved resistance to mechanical property degradation |
| KR101883021B1 (en) * | 2010-09-08 | 2018-07-27 | 아르코닉 인코포레이티드 | Improved 7xxx aluminum alloys, and methods for producing the same |
| US11103919B2 (en) | 2014-04-30 | 2021-08-31 | Alcoa Usa Corp. | 7xx aluminum casting alloys, and methods for making the same |
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2016
- 2016-10-27 CA CA3003158A patent/CA3003158C/en active Active
- 2016-10-27 WO PCT/US2016/059120 patent/WO2017075217A1/en active Application Filing
- 2016-10-27 HU HUE16860785A patent/HUE063975T2/en unknown
- 2016-10-27 EP EP16860785.1A patent/EP3368702B1/en active Active
- 2016-10-27 US US15/336,443 patent/US20170121795A1/en not_active Abandoned
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Patent Citations (2)
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| JP2010221256A (en) * | 2009-03-24 | 2010-10-07 | Furukawa-Sky Aluminum Corp | Tube joining method |
| JP5928555B2 (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2016-06-01 | キヤノンマーケティングジャパン株式会社 | Information processing system, information processing method, and computer program |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| EP3368702A1 (en) | 2018-09-05 |
| US20170121795A1 (en) | 2017-05-04 |
| CA3003158A1 (en) | 2017-05-04 |
| EP3368702C0 (en) | 2023-08-16 |
| HUE063975T2 (en) | 2024-02-28 |
| EP3368702A4 (en) | 2019-07-17 |
| CN108291280A (en) | 2018-07-17 |
| WO2017075217A1 (en) | 2017-05-04 |
| EP3368702B1 (en) | 2023-08-16 |
| CA3003158C (en) | 2020-07-07 |
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