CN108286017B - A kind of think gauge Q420 rank high temperature high voltage resistant corrosion of sulfuric acid at dew point steel plate and its production method - Google Patents

A kind of think gauge Q420 rank high temperature high voltage resistant corrosion of sulfuric acid at dew point steel plate and its production method Download PDF

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CN108286017B
CN108286017B CN201810128052.5A CN201810128052A CN108286017B CN 108286017 B CN108286017 B CN 108286017B CN 201810128052 A CN201810128052 A CN 201810128052A CN 108286017 B CN108286017 B CN 108286017B
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sulfuric acid
steel plate
steel
dew point
temperature
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CN108286017A (en
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王月香
赵英杰
魏承志
高立福
周平
石大勇
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Laiwu Steel Group Yinshan Section Steel Co Ltd
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Shandong Iron and Steel Group Co Ltd SISG
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0221Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
    • C21D8/0226Hot rolling
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/42Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/48Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/50Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/60Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing lead, selenium, tellurium, or antimony, or more than 0.04% by weight of sulfur

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Sheet Steel (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of manufacturing technique methods of think gauge Q420 rank high temperature high voltage resistant corrosion of sulfuric acid at dew point steel plate, and wherein the ingredient of steel and weight percent content are;C:0.10~0.15%, Si:0.20~0.40%, Mn:0.60~1.00%, P :≤0.015%, S :≤0.010%, Cu:0.25~0.40%, Cr:0.40~0.80%, Sb:0.02~0.07%, Ni:0.08~0.15%, Nb:0.015~0.035%, Ti:0.015~0.035%, Al:0.020~0.040%, and control CEV≤0.40%, Ni/Cu >=0.3, remaining is Fe and is inevitably mingled with.Steel grade produced by the invention provides advantageous technical support for the development of relevant industries.

Description

A kind of think gauge Q420 rank high temperature high voltage resistant corrosion of sulfuric acid at dew point steel plate and its production Method
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of low-alloy steel production, and in particular to a kind of think gauge Q420 rank high temperature resistant sulfuric acid dew Spot corrosion steel plate and its production method.
Background technique
Currently, the meager lean coal that China mostly uses sulfur content that can reach 3% using coal as the enterprise of main fuel, considerably beyond 2.5% highest corrosivity standard in China GB 50051-2002 " Code for design of chimneys ".In works such as metallurgy, electric power, petrochemical industry In industry field with heavy oil or it is coal-fired be main fuel smoke processing system, can generally encounter because in fuel higher sulfur content due to produce Raw " corrosion of sulfuric acid at dew point " in turn results in equipment etching problem.Meanwhile China continues to increase environmental improvement dynamics, to each hair Electricity, chemical industry, petroleum, iron and steel enterprise propose the new environmental requirement of addition desulfurizer.But the desulfurization of the country about 95% at present Device uses wet desulphurization, and dilute sulphuric acid content has certain journey instead in unit volume in the flue gas after using this method desulfurization The increase of degree, so the flue gas environment after desulfurization may be such that the corrosion condition of smoke processing system further deteriorates.In a variety of solutions Certainly in the scheme of such corrosion of sulfuric acid at dew point problem, most effective method is exactly using with compared with highly resistance corrosion of sulfuric acid at dew point The corrosionproof steel against sulfuric acid at dew point plate of ability.
With the development of relevant industries, corrosionproof steel against sulfuric acid at dew point plate has a vast market prospect increasingly, and towards low Cost, high corrosion resistance against sulfuric acid, high-strength plasticity and good welds direction develop.Currently, such domestic steel plate executes GB/T 28907-2012 " corrosionproof steel against sulfuric acid at dew point plate and steel band " standard is only provided with two boards of Q315NS and Q345NS in the standard Number, what the relevant industries that intensity rank have not been able to satisfy gradually developed uses steel high strengthening demand;And about steel plate in the standard Limitation of the thickness specification no more than 40mm has also been unable to satisfy actual application demand.
Before making the present invention, according to it is relevant authorized and published patented technology look into it is new as a result, have it is following it is related specially Benefit, in which:
Chinese patent CN200680006324.X is disclosed a kind of " steel of excellent in resistance to sulfuric acid dew point corrosion ", system cold-rolled Steel smelts 50kg steel ingot using vacuum smelting furnace in laboratory, then carries out hot rolling, cold rolling and annealing and obtains coiled sheet;It is Chinese special Sharp CN201010116893.8 discloses a kind of " corrosionproof steel against sulfuric acid at dew point KNS and its milling method ", is related to a kind of thin rule of 4mm Lattice coil of strip does not provide the specific performance and corrosion resistance to sulfuric acid dew point of steel;Chinese patent CN201110268721.7 is disclosed A kind of " tensile strength >=800MPa grades of corrosionproof steel against sulfuric acid at dew point and preparation method thereof ", is related to a kind of coiled sheet, at setting up separately Nb and Sb element is not added in meter, produced coil of strip elongation percentage is lower and does not provide impact property, only provides 20 DEG C, 20% sulfuric acid item Part corrosion resistance to sulfuric acid dew point;Chinese patent CN201310568537.3 discloses a kind of " wear-resisting resistant to sulfuric acid dew point corrosion heat Tandem rolling steel and its manufacturing method " is related to a kind of wear-resisting resistant to sulfuric acid dew point corrosion hot continuous rolling steel band (volume) and its manufacturing method, uses The mode of hot tandem produces the hot continuous rolling steel band (volume) for meeting wear-resisting property and resistant to sulfuric acid dew point corrosion, ingredient design In be not added with Cr, Ni element, only provide 30 DEG C, acid resistance under the conditions of 20% sulfuric acid, do not provide its mechanical property;Chinese CN 201310595866.7 disclosing a kind of " a kind of low cost resistant to sulfuric acid dew point corrosion low-alloy steel and its production technology and use On the way ", it is related to a kind of round steel of hot continuous rolling process production, ingredient design uses low-carbon, low manganese, Gao Ge, is not added with niobium element, by force Degree rank is Q320-340, only provides 70 DEG C, acid resistance under the conditions of 50% sulfuric acid.Outside the steel product of above five patents Seeing pattern is respectively thin gauge coiled sheet/steel band and round steel, and coiled sheet, which is difficult to do width, does thickness, and application is relatively narrow;Its production technology Larger with " think gauge Q420 rank high-temperature sulfuric acid dew point corrosion resistance hot rolled steel plate " difference of the application, ingredient design aspect also has It is different.
Chinese patent CN200910187512.2 discloses a kind of " a kind of low-alloy steel resisting dew-point corrosion of sulfuric acid plate and its system Make method ", ingredient design in be added to Bi element, be not added with Sb element, embodiment is the 80kg completed in laboratory The smelting and rolling of steel ingot, intensity are Q370-420 rank, only provide 70 DEG C, acid resistance under the conditions of 50% sulfuric acid;China Patent CN 201010211471.9 discloses a kind of " a kind of rare earth low alloy steel of high-temperature sulfuric acid dew point corrosion resistance ", in alloy Design aspect adds RE (La, Ce), is not added with Sb element, but do not provide production technology, exterior appearance and the mechanical property of product; Chinese patent CN 201110418531.9 discloses " one kind plate of corrosionproof steel against sulfuric acid at dew point containing Zr and its manufacturing method ", closes Golden design aspect is added to rare Zr element, and embodiment is completed to smelt in the lab and be rolled, only provide 20 DEG C, 20% sulfuric acid condition corrosion resistance to sulfuric acid dew point.Above-mentioned three referred to kind patent is added to rare Bi, RE (La, Ce) respectively With Zr element, production cost and organization of production difficulty will definitely increase;And its embodiment is completed in laboratory, industrial production Feasibility it is on the knees of the gods.
Herein, be also additionally provided with biggish four patent applications of the application patent degree of association, distinguish it is as follows:
Chinese patent application CN 201510272614.X discloses a kind of " the high-performance steel plate of resistance to sulphuric acid dew point and its manufacture Method ", but difference is larger compared with this is applied for a patent in the design of its ingredient and production technology: it is used in its design of alloy Low-carbon, high-copper, nickelic, Gao Ge, cost of alloy is higher, and using controlled rolling+tempering process production, increases tempering process gesture Production cost must be increased;Its thickness specification > 30mm steel plate intensity and low-temperature impact work are lower, and it only gives corruption relatively Rate is lost, does not provide etching condition and comparison steel grade.
Chinese patent application CN 201510870140.9 discloses a kind of " a kind of inexpensive without the resistance to sulfuric acid dew of Nb thin gauge Spot corrosion steel and its production method " is only related to the 8-12mm steel plate of thin gauge, is added to V element in ingredient design aspect, not Add Nb element;And its intensity is lower, does not provide impact property and corrosion resistance to sulfuric acid dew point.
Chinese patent application CN 201610499180.1 discloses a kind of a kind of " resistance to sulphuric acid dew point of modified 09GrCuSb Corrosion steel and its manufacturing method ", intensity and low-temperature impact work are lower, under the conditions of only providing temperature 70 C, 50% sulfuric acid Corrosion resistance.
Chinese patent application CN 201410551555.5 discloses a kind of " a kind of corrosionproof steel against sulfuric acid at dew point plate and its system Make method ", which is not added with Sb element in alloy design aspect, but is added to V element, and uses opposite low-carbon And Gao Meng;Its thickness maximum is only capable of reaching 32mm, only provides the corrosion resistance under the conditions of temperature 70 C, 50% sulfuric acid.
In steel in the prior art and there is no sulfuric acid dew resistance under low cost, comprehensive mechanical property, high-temperature and high-pressure conditions The excellent high-level corrosionproof steel against sulfuric acid at dew point plate of spot corrosion performance, welding performance, forming property.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of low costs, comprehensive mechanical property, resistant to sulfuric acid dew point corrosion The excellent Q420 rank corrosionproof steel against sulfuric acid at dew point plate of performance, welding performance, forming property and its production method.
Present invention firstly provides a kind of Q420 rank corrosionproof steel against sulfuric acid at dew point plate, the chemical composition contents of the steel plate Content by weight percentage are as follows: C:0.10~0.15%, Si:0.20~0.40%, Mn:0.60~1.00%, P :≤ 0.015%, S :≤0.010%, Cu:0.25~0.40%, Cr:0.40~0.80%, Sb:0.02~0.07%, Ni:0.08~ 0.15%, Nb:0.015~0.035%, Ti:0.015~0.035%, Al:0.020~0.040%, CEV≤0.40%, Ni/ Cu >=0.3 remaining Fe and to be inevitably mingled with.
As a kind of better choice of above-mentioned steel plate, Ti/N >=3.4, preferably 4.0~4.5.
As a kind of better choice of above-mentioned steel plate, the chemical component and weight percent content of the steel plate are as follows: C: 0.13%, Si:0.25%, Mn:0.75%, P:0.010%, S:0.005%, Cu:0.30%, Ni:0.13%, Cr:0.60%, Nb:0.025%, Ti:0.025%, Al:0.025%, remaining is Fe and is inevitably mingled with.
As a kind of better choice of above-mentioned steel plate, in the practical military service operating condition of corrosionproof steel against sulfuric acid at dew point plate: temperature 130 DEG C, sulfuric acid concentration 30%, pressure 8-9KPa, under conditions of full leaching for 24 hours, corrosion rate≤52mm/a, relatively corrosive rate is ≤ 10%.
Invention further provides the production methods of the steel plate, and steps are as follows:
It smelts: using converter smelting, during which use double slag operation to reduce P content;It is refined by LF+RH, reduces O, H, N Equal pernicious gases and S content, [N]≤0.0040%;[H]≤0.0002%;[O]≤0.0025%, [S] :≤0.005%.
Continuous casting: carrying out full guard casting using weather-proof mould flux, cooperates slighter compress technique, and slighter compress amount is controlled 5 ~6mm, drawing speed control guarantees molten steel overheat≤20 DEG C during casting in 1.1~1.3m/min, and continuous casting billet is offline slow Cold 48h or more.
Heating: the atmosphere in control heating furnace guarantees it for reproducibility or neutrality.Preferably, this step is burnt using low temperature Steel, soaking time are no less than 40min to guarantee that steel billet burns even grill thoroughly;Tapping temperature is controlled between 1080~1130 DEG C, simultaneously Accelerate the heating rate in 1100 DEG C or more high temperature sections in 9-10min/cm, to shorten in the residence time of the temperature range, Guarantee, which is come out of the stove, rolls, to reduce the generation of " copper brittleness " defect as far as possible.
Rolling mill practice: using Stand Mill two stages controlled rolling process, and roughing mill carries out > 1000 DEG C of perfect recrystallization rolling, It is 2.5~4.5 times of finished product thicknesses to temperature thickness, finish rolling start rolling temperature controls at 880~950 DEG C, rolls rear steel plate and added immediately But, cooling rate controls between 600~650 DEG C quickly cooling in 6~10 DEG C/s, final cooling temperature.
Preferably, smelting process control Ca content is 0.0008-0.0030%, Ca/S >=1.0, to improve field trash shape State;Ti/N >=3.4, Ti/N numberical range are preferably 4.0~4.5.
Steel grade relative inexpensiveness of the invention, simple process is easily operated, is suitble to continuous mass production.Steel plate is comprehensive Can be good, and have and meet for using coal or heavy oil as the smoke processing system high temperature of the industries such as the metallurgy of main fuel, electric power, petrochemical industry Under corrosion resistance to sulfuric acid dew point and welding performance.
Think gauge Q420 rank high-temperature sulfuric acid dew point corrosion resistance steel plate of the present invention can effectively support relevant industries Development, be rotten by the resistance to sulphuric acid dew point of the smoke processing system of the industries such as the metallurgy of main fuel, electric power, petrochemical industry of coal or heavy oil It loses performance boost and technical support is provided
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1, Fig. 2 are the microscopic structure of 3 steel plate of invention example (at 1/4,1/2 thickness).
Specific embodiment
It the following is the embodiment of the present invention, be only used as explanation of the invention and not limit.
Technique is designed and produced according to ingredient provided by the invention, Examples 1 to 3 presses following technique production, the master of steel Chemical component is wanted to be shown in Table 1, actual production technique is shown in Table 2, and the mechanical property of steel is shown in Table 3.
The production method of the steel plate, steps are as follows:
It smelts: using converter smelting, during which use double slag operation to reduce P content;It is refined by LF+RH, reduces O, H, N Equal pernicious gases and S content.
Continuous casting: carrying out full guard casting using weather-proof mould flux, cooperates slighter compress technique, and slighter compress amount is controlled 5 ~6mm, drawing speed control reinforces that continuous casting process one is cold, two cold technology controlling and process in 1.1~1.3m/min, and continuous casting billet is offline Slow cooling 48h or more.
Heating: the atmosphere in control heating furnace guarantees it for reproducibility or neutrality.Preferably, this step is burnt using low temperature Steel, soaking time are no less than 40min to guarantee that steel billet burns even grill thoroughly;Tapping temperature is controlled between 1080~1130 DEG C, simultaneously Accelerate the heating rate in 1100 DEG C or more high temperature sections to shorten the residence time in the temperature range, guarantee, which is come out of the stove, rolls, To reduce the generation of " copper brittleness " defect as far as possible.
Rolling mill practice: using Stand Mill two stages controlled rolling process, and roughing mill carries out > 1000 DEG C of perfect recrystallization rolling, It is 2.5~4.5 times of finished product thicknesses to temperature thickness, finish rolling start rolling temperature controls at 880~950 DEG C, rolls rear steel plate and added immediately But, cooling rate controls between 600~650 DEG C quickly cooling in 6~10 DEG C/s, final cooling temperature.
The characteristics of in order to preferably reflect corrosionproof steel against sulfuric acid at dew point plate high-temperature sulfuric acid dew point corrosion resistance performance of the present invention, The atmospheric corrosion resistance testing result that present implementation provides 1 group of steel plate is shown in Table 4.Experimental standard is in addition to referring to GB/T 28907- Two experiment conditions specified in 2012 " corrosionproof steel against sulfuric acid at dew point plate and steel band " appendix As: experiment condition 1: 20 DEG C of temperature, sulphur Acid concentration 20%, full leaching is for 24 hours;Experiment condition 2: temperature 70 C, sulfuric acid concentration 50%, full leaching is outer for 24 hours, also according to resistance to sulphuric acid dew point Corrode the practical service condition during steel plate industrial application, it is determined that experiment condition 3: 130 DEG C of temperature, sulfuric acid concentration 30%, pressure Strong 8-9KPa, full leaching is for 24 hours.The rate of corrosion under the conditions of the total immersion test of different experiments room is obtained after analyzing the data obtained, is seen Table 4.
It is easily operated to can be seen that the simple process for data from the above table, is suitble to large-scale industrial production;Produced steel plate With corrosion resistance to sulfuric acid dew point under good comprehensive mechanical property and high-temperature and high-pressure conditions.
The steel plate chemical component example of the present invention of table 1
The steel plate actual production craft embodiment of the present invention of table 2
The mechanical property of steel plate example of the present invention of table 3
Rate of corrosion (mm/a) under the conditions of the steel plate difference total immersion test of the present invention of table 4
The invention is not limited to examples detailed above, according to component requirements provided by the invention and manufacturing technique requirent, Implement.
It should be noted last that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and are not limiting.Although ginseng It is described the invention in detail according to embodiment, those skilled in the art should understand that, to technical side of the invention Case is modified or replaced equivalently, and without departure from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, should all be covered in the present invention Scope of the claims in.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of think gauge Q420MPa rank high temperature high voltage resistant corrosion of sulfuric acid at dew point steel plate, it is characterised in that: the change of the steel plate Learn component content content by weight percentage are as follows: C:0.10~0.15%, Si:0.20~0.40%, Mn:0.60~1.00%, P :≤0.015%, S :≤0.010%, Cu:0.25~0.40%, Cr:0.40~0.80%, Sb:0.02~0.07%, Ni: 0.08~0.15%, Nb:0.015~0.035%, Ti:0.015~0.035%, Al:0.020~0.040%, CEV≤ 0.40%, Ni/Cu >=0.3, remaining is Fe and is inevitably mingled with;In the practical military service work of corrosionproof steel against sulfuric acid at dew point plate Condition, i.e. 130 DEG C of temperature, sulfuric acid concentration 30%, pressure 8-9kPa, under conditions of full leaching for 24 hours, corrosion rate < 52mm/a, phase It is < 10% to corrosion rate.
2. steel plate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: Ti/N >=3.4.
3. the production method of any steel plate of claim 1-2, includes the following steps:
1) it smelts: using converter smelting, during which use double slag operation to reduce P content;Refined by LF+RH, reduce O, H, N and S content;
2) continuous casting: carrying out full guard casting using weather-proof mould flux, cooperates slighter compress technique, the control of slighter compress amount 5~ 6mm, drawing speed control guarantee molten steel overheat≤20 DEG C during casting, and the offline slow cooling of continuous casting billet in 1.1~1.3m/min 48h or more;
3) heat: the atmosphere in control heating furnace guarantees it for reproducibility or neutrality;
4) rolling mill practice: using Stand Mill two stages controlled rolling process, and roughing mill carries out > 1000 DEG C of perfect recrystallization rolling, to Temperature thickness is 2.5~4.5 times of finished product thicknesses, and finish rolling start rolling temperature controls at 880~950 DEG C, rolls rear steel plate and accelerated immediately Cooling, cooling rate controls between 600~650 DEG C in 6~10 DEG C/s, final cooling temperature;
Step 2) soaking time is no less than 40min to guarantee that steel billet burns even grill thoroughly;Control tapping temperature 1080~1130 DEG C it Between, while accelerating in the heating rate in 1100 DEG C or more high temperature sections to be 9-10 DEG C/min.
4. production method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: step 1) controls [N]≤0.0040%;[H]≤ 0.0002%;[O]≤0.0025%, [S] :≤0.005%.
5. production method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: Ca content be 0.0008-0.0030%, Ca/S >= 1.0, to improve inclusion morphology;Ti/N≥3.4.
6. production method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that in smelting process Ti/N numberical range be 4.0~ 4.5。
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CN115011876B (en) * 2022-05-30 2023-07-14 鞍钢股份有限公司 Steel for high-temperature sulfuric acid dew point corrosion resistance and manufacturing method
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JP3760534B2 (en) * 1996-12-13 2006-03-29 住友金属工業株式会社 Usage of austenitic stainless steel components in sulfuric acid dew point environment
JPH11106872A (en) * 1997-09-30 1999-04-20 Nkk Corp Stainless steel for sulfuric acid dew point corrosion resistance excellent in hot workability
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