CN108274055B - The processing method that elliptical vibration assists micro- V-groove layered cutting - Google Patents

The processing method that elliptical vibration assists micro- V-groove layered cutting Download PDF

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CN108274055B
CN108274055B CN201810101511.0A CN201810101511A CN108274055B CN 108274055 B CN108274055 B CN 108274055B CN 201810101511 A CN201810101511 A CN 201810101511A CN 108274055 B CN108274055 B CN 108274055B
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groove
cutting
cutter
section
cross
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CN108274055A (en
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张臣
侯磊
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23CMILLING
    • B23C3/00Milling particular work; Special milling operations; Machines therefor
    • B23C3/28Grooving workpieces
    • B23C3/34Milling grooves of other forms, e.g. circumferential

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses the processing methods that a kind of elliptical vibration assists micro- V-groove layered cutting, belong to numerical control processing field.Polymer product direction of feed is determined according to the direction of motion of minimum point on cutter elliptical orbit with respect to principle according to workpiece direction of feed and elliptical vibration course bearing first;It according to the V-groove feature of configuration, modifies to existing cutter, to meet the feature of the micro- V-groove of target;According to the relative machinability grade of rapidoprint and required precision, using even laminating cutting way, a kind of method for designing layering elliptical vibration assisted machining processing, and machining locus is planned;The surface appearance feature model for establishing micro- V-groove, to machined parameters further modification, processes the micro- V-groove drag reduction texture met the requirements according to the influence factor of V-groove surface roughness.The present invention has many advantages, such as that processing cost is low, datum level wide adaptability, and Precision Machining can be directly carried out on the platforms such as numerically-controlled machine tool.

Description

The processing method that elliptical vibration assists micro- V-groove layered cutting
Technical field
The invention belongs to numerical control processing field, especially relate to the high quality of micro- V-groove drag reduction texture, low cost plus Work method.
Background technique
Bionics fiber shows that the micro- texture of micro- V-groove has many outstanding performances such as drag reduction, noise reduction, automatically cleaning, in machinery The fields such as manufacture, optical instrument, biomedicine, aerospace have broad application prospects, and realize that the Precision Machining of V-groove can To greatly improve the performance of product.Develop the technologies such as laser surface texture technology, elliptical vibration cutting at present, but by In micro- texture size is small, required precision is high, various informative the features such as, these technologies are very long there is the process-cycle, processing adapts to Property it is poor, it is difficult to the problems such as large-scale processing is applied, therefore develop that a kind of processing cost is low, micro- texture processing method of wide adaptability It is particularly significant.Layered cutting is reducing average cutting force, improves cutter life and is inhibiting V-groove slot along burr and defect generation etc. Aspect tool has great advantage, and therefore, the present invention proposes a kind of auxiliary based on elliptical vibration using micro- V-groove drag reduction texture as target The processing method for helping micro- V-groove layered cutting.
Patent (CN104264133A) is processed on internal combustion engine piston-ring friction surface comprising V by induced with laser technology A variety of micro- texture of type groove, but the problems such as this method is long, processing efficiency is low there are the process-cycle.Patent (CN104228054A) By processing the nickel mold with sharkskin very low power using UV-LIGA technology, mold bending is then fixed on roller press Roller surface copies sharkskin very low power texture in workpiece surface large area imprinting, utilizes such method by imprinting principle Although high in machining efficiency, a kind of mold can only process the texture of a kind of stationary distribution and form, and type is single, and workpiece material Material must be easily-deformable polymer sheet, limit larger;It is oval that patent (CN101879685A) has invented a kind of composite ultraphonic Vibration cutting device, the piezoelectric effect generated by piezoelectric ceramics, converts mechanical energy for the electric energy of input, realizes sharkskin The processing for tying groove, greatly improves the machining accuracy of three-dimensional microstructures surface topography, is suitable for manufacturing imitative shark skin structure Covering, but the defect of the device be device vibration output it is unstable, it is difficult to long-time machining;In addition, being related to Most patents all concentrate on the disposal molding of small micro- texture, grinding in terms of the micro- texture of layered cutting in elliptical vibration technology Study carefully less.
Therefore, in order to overcome shortcoming present in existing processing method, benchmark present in micro- texture processing is solved Face bad adaptability, the problems such as process-cycle is long are based on elliptical vibration assisted machining technology herein, design a kind of even laminating cutting Processing method, wanted according to the relative machinability grade and machining accuracy of elliptical vibration assisted machining track and rapidoprint It asks, determines the suitable layering number of plies, obtain the assisted layered machining track of elliptical vibration, carry out the processing of V-groove.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide the processing side that a kind of elliptical vibration assists micro- V-groove drag reduction texture layered cutting Method can solve the problems such as at high cost, flexibility (adaptability) of operation is poor present in the processing of V-groove texture.
In order to achieve the above object, solution of the invention is:
1, a kind of processing method for being layered the micro- V-groove of elliptical vibration assisted machining, it is characterised in that include the following steps:
(1) direction and workpiece direction of feed relativization principle based on elliptical vibration track, make elliptic motion using cutter, Workpiece makees the movement relation of translation feed motion, and determines the direction of feed of workpiece;
Direction and workpiece direction of feed relativization principle based on elliptical vibration track, first should be according to cutter elliptic motion Course bearing is clockwise or counterclockwise, to obtain the direction of motion of cutter minimum point on elliptical orbit;Secondly, the translation of workpiece Direction of feed should with cutter in the direction of motion of oval minimum point on the contrary, the translation direction of feed of workpiece can be determined;
(2) it according to the shape feature of cross-section V-groove to be processed, modifies to existing cutter, designs and closed with manufacture The suitable cutter for being used to process V-groove;
If the width of cross-section V-groove to be processed is l, depth h, apex angle θ, but in actual processing, due to knife Has the presence of nose radius r, the cross-section V-groove slot bottom that actual processing goes out is arc-shaped, and the vertical height of arc-shaped is h ' , according to the symmetry of cross-section V-groove shape, the relationship between dimensional parameters is as follows:
As the depth h > h ' of cross-section V-groove to be processed, corresponding width l are as follows:
As the depth h < h ' of cross-section V-groove to be processed, practical V-groove is arc-shaped groove, corresponding to width L ' are as follows:
According to the basic principle of cutter forming process, cutter should meet the resemblance of cross-section V-groove to be processed:
Wherein, α is nose angle, and c is the length of tool in cutting sword;
If cutter is unsatisfactory for, modify to existing cutter, i.e. wire cutting is handled, until meeting cross-section to be processed V-groove feature request;
(3) requirement on machining accuracy and elliptical vibration assisted machining track based on cross-section V-groove to be processed, using uniform It is layered processing method, the machining locus of design elliptical vibration auxiliary V-groove layered cutting;
Two-dimensional elliptical vibration equation of locus is as follows:
Wherein, A is the vibration amplitude of cutting direction, and B is the vibration amplitude in cutting-in direction;F is vibration frequency;
The translation feed speed v of workpiececut, initial cuts depth be D, therefore, cutter relative to workpiece machining locus such as Shown in following formula (6):
According to the size characteristic of cross-section V-groove to be processed, even laminating cutting way is taken, determines reasonable cutting lay Number, i.e., according to the relative machinability grade of required precision and rapidoprint, determine every layer of thickness of cutting;According to rapidoprint Permitted cutting speed vTDetermine its relative machinability grade Kv, calculation formula is as follows:
Kv=vT/v60 (7)
Wherein, vTFor the permission cutting speed of rapidoprint, v60It is 45#The permission cutting speed of Steel material;
According to relative machinability grade and surface roughness requirements, can determine its suitable processing thickness d ', finally again Specific even laminating processing number of plies n can be determined according to the depth h of cross-section V-groove to be processed, as shown in following formula (8):
(4) the V-groove pattern model based on elliptical vibration assisted machining is established, its morphological feature parameter, and root are derived According to characteristic parameter, the influence factor of V-groove surface roughness is determined, according to influence factor, predict that V-groove flute wall surfaces quality becomes Law;
According to cutting tool path and V-groove surface topography, its available Theoretical Morphology parameter: cutting depth h, Distance s between maximum scallop-height Δ h and textured surface wave crest, shown in following formula:
H=D+ Δ h (9)
Its neutralize related two parameters of cross-section V-groove surface roughness to be processed be maximum scallop-height Δ h and Distance s on surface pattern between wave crest, influence V-groove surface roughness because being known as workpiece translational motion feed speed vcut, oval Vibration amplitude A, B and resonant frequency f of vibration device both direction, therefore, in order to reduce the surface roughness of V-groove Value, it is possible to reduce cutting-in direction vibration amplitude B and workpiece translational motion feed speed vcut, or increase cutting direction vibration amplitude A and Driving frequency f;
(5) processing of the micro- V-groove of cross-section is carried out according to the established layering number of plies and machining locus;
The present invention makees elliptic motion using cutter, and workpiece makees the movement relation of translation feed motion, auxiliary using elliptical vibration Cutting technology is helped, a kind of even laminating processing method based on elliptical vibration assisted machining is proposed, is cut for machining etc. Micro- V-groove in face, and the V-groove pattern model based on the processing technology is established, this method is a kind of novel cross-section V-type Slot processing method solves the problems such as generation of V-groove trough rim burr in process, improves micro- V-groove precision and surface Quality.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 be in the present invention elliptical vibration direction and workpiece with respect to direction of feed schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is to simplify V-groove schematic cross-section in the present invention;
Fig. 3 is that cutter schematic diagram required for V-groove is processed in the present invention;
Fig. 4 is cutting tool path schematic diagram in the present invention;
Fig. 5 is that elliptical vibration assisted machining processing V-groove schematic diagram is layered in the present invention;
Fig. 6 is V-groove processing pattern and its parameter schematic diagram in the present invention;
Fig. 7 is using layering elliptical vibration secondary process in the present invention 45#The V-groove three-dimensional appearance of steel workpiece surface Figure;
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing 1 to 7, technical solution of the present invention is described in detail.
1, a kind of processing method for being layered the micro- V-groove of elliptical vibration assisted machining, it is characterised in that include the following steps:
(1) direction and workpiece direction of feed relativization principle based on elliptical vibration track, make elliptic motion using cutter, Workpiece makees the movement relation of translation feed motion, and determines the direction of feed of workpiece;
Direction and workpiece direction of feed relativization principle based on elliptical vibration track, first should be according to cutter elliptic motion Course bearing is clockwise or counterclockwise, to obtain the direction of motion of cutter minimum point on elliptical orbit;Secondly, the translation of workpiece Direction of feed should with cutter in the direction of motion of oval minimum point on the contrary, as shown in Figure 1, can determine the translation feeding side of workpiece To;
(2) it according to the shape feature of cross-section V-groove to be processed, modifies to existing cutter, designs and closed with manufacture The suitable cutter for being used to process V-groove;
If the width of cross-section V-groove to be processed is l, depth h, apex angle θ, as shown in figure (2) a, but in reality In processing, due to the presence of tool nose radii r, the cross-section V-groove slot bottom that actual processing goes out is arc-shaped, and arc-shaped Vertical height is h ', the relationship as shown in Fig. 2 (b), according to the symmetry of cross-section V-groove shape, between dimensional parameters It is as follows:
As the depth h > h ' of cross-section V-groove to be processed, corresponding width l are as follows:
As the depth h < h ' of cross-section V-groove to be processed, practical V-groove is arc-shaped groove, corresponding to width L ' are as follows:
According to the basic principle of cutter forming process, cutter should meet the resemblance of cross-section V-groove to be processed:
Wherein, α is nose angle, and c is the length of tool in cutting sword;
If cutter is unsatisfactory for, modify to existing cutter, i.e., wire cutting handle, as shown in figure 3, until meet to Process cross-section V-groove feature request;
(3) requirement on machining accuracy and elliptical vibration assisted machining track based on cross-section V-groove to be processed, such as Fig. 4 institute Show, using even laminating processing method, is layered shown in such as Fig. 5 (a) of section, design elliptical vibration assists V-groove layered cutting Machining locus, as shown in Fig. 5 (b);
Two-dimensional elliptical vibration equation of locus is as follows:
Wherein, A is the vibration amplitude of cutting direction, and B is the vibration amplitude in cutting-in direction;F is vibration frequency;
The translation feed speed v of workpiececut, initial cuts depth be D, therefore, cutter relative to workpiece machining locus such as Shown in following formula (6):
According to the size characteristic of cross-section V-groove to be processed, even laminating cutting way is taken, determines reasonable cutting lay Number, i.e., according to the relative machinability grade of required precision and rapidoprint, determine every layer of thickness of cutting;According to rapidoprint Permitted cutting speed vTDetermine its relative machinability grade Kv, calculation formula is as follows:
Kv=vT/v60 (7)
Wherein, vTFor the permission cutting speed of rapidoprint, v60It is 45#The permission cutting speed of Steel material;
According to relative machinability grade and surface roughness requirements, can determine its suitable processing thickness d ', finally again Specific even laminating processing number of plies n can be determined according to the depth h of cross-section V-groove to be processed, as shown in following formula (8):
(4) the V-groove pattern model based on elliptical vibration assisted machining is established, as shown in fig. 6, deriving its morphological feature Parameter, and according to characteristic parameter, it determines the influence factor of V-groove surface roughness, according to influence factor, predicts V-groove cell wall Surface quality changing rule;
According to cutting tool path and V-groove surface topography, its available Theoretical Morphology parameter: cutting depth h, Distance s between maximum scallop-height Δ h and textured surface wave crest, shown in following formula:
H=D+ Δ h (9)
In above-mentioned formula, the initial cuts depth that D is each layer, vcutFor the translation feed speed of workpiece;
Its neutralize related two parameters of cross-section V-groove surface roughness to be processed be maximum scallop-height Δ h and Distance s on surface pattern between wave crest, influence V-groove surface roughness because being known as workpiece translational motion feed speed vcut, oval Vibration amplitude A, B and resonant frequency f of vibration device both direction, therefore, in order to reduce the surface roughness of V-groove Value, it is possible to reduce cutting-in direction vibration amplitude B and workpiece translational motion feed speed vcut, or increase cutting direction vibration amplitude A and Driving frequency f;
(5) processing of cross-section V-groove, the V-type processed are carried out according to the established layering number of plies and machining locus Slot three-dimensional appearance is as shown in Figure 7;
Above example is merely illustrative of the invention's technical idea, and this does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention, all to press According to technical idea proposed by the present invention, on the basis of technical solutions made by any change, each fall within the scope of the present invention it It is interior.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of processing method for being layered the micro- V-groove of elliptical vibration assisted machining, it is characterised in that include the following steps:
(1) direction and workpiece direction of feed relativization principle based on elliptical vibration track, make elliptic motion, workpiece using cutter Make the movement relation of translation feed motion, and determines the direction of feed of workpiece;
Direction and workpiece direction of feed relativization principle based on elliptical vibration track, first should be according to cutter elliptical trajectory Direction is clockwise or counterclockwise, to obtain the direction of motion of cutter minimum point on elliptical orbit;Secondly, the translation of workpiece is fed Direction should with cutter in the direction of motion of oval minimum point on the contrary, the translation direction of feed of workpiece can be determined;
(2) it according to the shape feature of cross-section V-groove to be processed, modifies to existing cutter, it is suitable with manufacture to design For processing the cutter of V-groove;
If the width of cross-section V-groove to be processed is l, depth h, apex angle θ, but in actual processing, due to cutter knife The presence of sharp radius r, the cross-section V-groove slot bottom that actual processing goes out is arc-shaped, and the vertical height of arc-shaped is h ', root According to the symmetry of cross-section V-groove shape, the relationship between dimensional parameters is as follows:
As the depth h > h ' of cross-section V-groove to be processed, corresponding width l are as follows:
As the depth h < h ' of cross-section V-groove to be processed, practical V-groove is arc-shaped groove, corresponding to width l ' Are as follows:
According to the basic principle of cutter forming process, cutter should meet the resemblance of cross-section V-groove to be processed:
Wherein, α is nose angle, and c is the length of tool in cutting sword;
If cutter is unsatisfactory for, modify to existing cutter, i.e. wire cutting is handled, until meeting cross-section V-type to be processed Cavity feature requirement;
(3) requirement on machining accuracy and elliptical vibration assisted machining track based on cross-section V-groove to be processed, using even laminating Processing method, the machining locus of design elliptical vibration auxiliary V-groove layered cutting;
Two-dimensional elliptical vibration equation of locus is as follows:
Wherein, A is the vibration amplitude of cutting direction, and B is the vibration amplitude in cutting-in direction;F is vibration frequency;
The translation feed speed v of workpiececut, initial cuts depth is D, therefore, machining locus such as following formula of the cutter relative to workpiece (6) shown in:
According to the size characteristic of cross-section V-groove to be processed, even laminating cutting way is taken, determines the reasonable cutting number of plies, I.e. according to the relative machinability grade of required precision and rapidoprint, every layer of thickness of cutting is determined;According to rapidoprint institute The cutting speed v of permissionTDetermine its relative machinability grade Kv, calculation formula is as follows:
Kv=vT/v60 (7)
Wherein, vTFor the permission cutting speed of rapidoprint, v60It is 45#The permission cutting speed of Steel material;
According to relative machinability grade and surface roughness requirements, can determine its suitable processing thickness d ', finally further according to The depth h of cross-section V-groove to be processed can determine specific even laminating processing number of plies n, as shown in following formula (8):
(4) the V-groove pattern model based on elliptical vibration assisted machining is established, derives its morphological feature parameter, and according to spy Parameter is levied, determines the influence factor of V-groove surface roughness, according to influence factor, predicts V-groove flute wall surfaces mass change rule Rule;
According to cutting tool path and V-groove surface topography, its available Theoretical Morphology parameter: cutting depth h, it is maximum Distance s between scallop-height Δ h and textured surface wave crest, shown in following formula:
H=D+ Δ h (9)
It is maximum scallop-height Δ h and surface that it, which neutralizes related two parameters of cross-section V-groove surface roughness to be processed, Distance s on lines between wave crest, influence V-groove surface roughness because being known as workpiece translational motion feed speed vcut, elliptical vibration Vibration amplitude A, B and resonant frequency f of device both direction therefore, can in order to reduce the surface roughness value of V-groove To reduce cutting-in direction vibration amplitude B and workpiece translational motion feed speed vcut, or increase cutting direction vibration amplitude A and excitation Frequency f;
(5) processing of the micro- V-groove of cross-section is carried out according to the established layering number of plies and machining locus.
CN201810101511.0A 2018-02-01 2018-02-01 The processing method that elliptical vibration assists micro- V-groove layered cutting Expired - Fee Related CN108274055B (en)

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CN109940171B (en) * 2019-01-29 2020-04-24 南京航空航天大学 Real-time synchronous control method of elliptical vibration cutting device based on corner
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JP7049729B2 (en) * 2020-03-30 2022-04-07 国立大学法人東海国立大学機構 Cutting equipment and cutting method
CN113042823B (en) * 2021-03-22 2022-04-01 吉林大学 Prediction method for residual height of cutting along straight line under condition of multiple process parameters
CN114393253B (en) * 2022-02-09 2022-08-23 哈尔滨工业大学(深圳) Multi-component cooperative vibration surface machining method for cross-scale structural features
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