Calculation method for force energy parameters of same-diameter different-speed snake-shaped rolling of thick steel plate
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of thick plate plastic forming, in particular to a calculation method for force and energy parameters of same-diameter different-speed snake-shaped rolling of a thick steel plate.
Background
With the rapid development of national economy, national defense military equipment, ships, nuclear power, ocean platforms, pressure vessels, heavy machinery and other major high-end technical equipment have vigorous demands on high-performance thick steel plate products, and the requirements on the comprehensive performance of the thick steel plates are continuously improved. However, in the rolling production process of the thick steel plate, the core part has an as-cast structure and low mechanical property due to insufficient deformation of the core part. In order to improve the mechanical properties of the core, a method of increasing the total compression ratio is generally adopted, but the total compression ratio is limited by the production capacity of a continuous casting machine, the opening degree of a rolling mill, the rigidity of the rolling mill and the like, and the total compression ratio generally cannot meet the process requirements, so that a thick steel plate with good core structure properties cannot be obtained.
The steel plate is affected by non-uniform deformation in the thickness direction in the rolling process, so that the core deformation is insufficient, and the structure performance test of asynchronous rolling in the production of thin strip steel shows that the crystal grains are refined compared with those of synchronous rolling, which shows that the asynchronous rolling has the function of improving the core deformation of the strip steel. However, the problem of bending of the steel plate caused by the fact that the linear speeds of the upper working roll and the lower working roll are not consistent in the asynchronous rolling of the thick steel plate affects subsequent steel rotation and the biting of the next pass. In order to solve the bending problem of the thick steel plate, a slow working roll is moved for a certain distance along the rolling direction on the basis of the traditional asynchronous rolling to form snake-shaped rolling, and a reverse bending deformation area is formed in the deformation area at the moment, so that the aim of inhibiting the bending of the steel plate is fulfilled.
The force and energy parameters are not only important basis for the design of the rolling process and the structure of the rolling mill, but also are the premise for ensuring the safe operation of the rolling mill and a main motor. In order to ensure that a rolling mill can smoothly roll out a thick steel plate with good performance, a calculation method of a snakelike rolling force and energy parameter of the thick steel plate with the same diameter and different speeds is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above situation, the present invention provides a method for calculating the energy parameters of the same-diameter different-speed snake-shaped rolling force of a thick steel plate, so as to accurately predict the rolling force and the rolling moment.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is characterized by comprising the following specific calculation steps:
1) calculating the biting angle of the snake-shaped rolling with the same diameter and different speed
Determining the rolling reduction delta h of the upper working roll and the lower working roll according to the geometric relation of the snake-shaped rolling deformation zone1、Δh2The calculation formulas are respectively as follows:
in the formula: r-work roll radius, H-Steel sheet thickness before Rolling, H0-the rolled thickness of the steel sheet, d-the amount of misalignment;
same-diameter different-speed snake-shaped rolling upper and lower working roll bite angle alpha1、α2The calculation formulas are respectively as follows:
the length calculation formula of the deformation area is as follows:
2) calculating the same-diameter different-speed snake-shaped rolling neutral angle
Front slip value S of upper and lower working rolls rolled in snake shape1、S2The calculation formulas are respectively as follows:
in the formula: v. of0-exit velocity of deformation zone, v1、v2-upper and lower work roll surface linear velocities, respectively;
determining the neutral angle gamma of the upper and lower working rolls according to the geometric relationship of the snake-shaped rolling deformation zone1、γ2The calculation formulas are respectively as follows:
3) calculating yield criterion of rolled piece material
Determining the yield criterion of the rolled piece material according to the Von-Mises yield criterion as follows:
in the formula: sigmax、σyPositive stresses, σ, in the x and y directions to which the material of the rolled stock is subjecteds-the flow stress of the material of the rolled piece, m-the friction coefficient;
taking into account sigma
x=q,σ
yP is the unit compressive stress of the elementary body, q is the horizontal normal stress of the deformation region, and
m is a correlation coefficient of a yield criterion;
4) unit pressure in plastic deformation zone
As one of the characteristics of the invention, as shown in figures 1 and 2, the deformation zone is divided into a rear sliding zone I, a rolling zone II, a front sliding zone III and a reverse bending zone IV according to the direction of the friction force of the contact surface of the deformation zone;
the unit pressure calculation models for determining I, II, III and IV in the deformation zone based on the main stress method are respectively as follows:
in the formula: cⅠIntegral constant of the slip-back region I, CⅡIntegral constant of the rolling zone II, CⅢIntegration constant of the forward slip region III, CⅣ-integral constant of the recurved zone iv;
5) calculating rolling force and rolling moment
As one of the features of the present invention, the roll bite angle alpha is determined by the upper and lower work roll bite angles1、α2And the neutral angle gamma of the upper and lower working rolls1、γ2Preliminarily determining the composition state of the deformation zone;
as one of the characteristics of the invention, a rolling force and rolling moment calculation model is determined according to the composition state, the initial condition and the boundary condition of a deformation zone;
at the upper work roll throw-out point O, the boundary conditions are: x is 0 and q is 0, thus obtaining
Substitution of formula (14) to C
Ⅳ;
When gamma is
1≥α
1、γ
2When the bending area is equal to 0, the deformation area consists of a rolling area II and a reverse bending area IV; at the entrance of the deformation zone, the boundary conditions are: x is equal to l and q is equal to 0, thus obtaining
Is substituted by formula (12) to obtainC
Ⅱ;
And integrating the unit pressure along the contact arc to obtain the same-diameter different-speed snake-shaped rolling force:
in the formula: b, width of a rolled piece, and l, length of a deformation area;
the rolling moments of the upper and lower working rolls are obtained by calculating the moments of the friction force along the contact arcs of the upper and lower working rolls:
in the formula:
k is shear deformation resistance.
When gamma is
1<α
1、γ
2When the value is 0, the deformation zone consists of a post-sliding zone I, a rolling zone II and a recurved zone IV; at the entrance of the deformation zone, the boundary conditions are: x is equal to l and q is equal to 0, thus obtaining
Substitution of formula (11) to C
Ⅰ;
Because there is p at x ═ dⅡ=pⅣCalculating to obtain CⅡ(ii) a Where x is xn1Where is provided with pⅠ=pⅡThus, the neutral point x at the upper work roll is calculatedn1(ii) a And integrating the unit pressure along the contact arc to obtain the same-diameter different-speed snake-shaped rolling force:
the rolling moments of the upper and lower working rolls are obtained by calculating the moments of the friction force along the contact arcs of the upper and lower working rolls:
when gamma is
1<α
1、γ
2<α
2When in use, the deformation zone consists of a back sliding zone I, a rolling zone II, a front sliding zone III and a reverse bending zone IV; at the entrance of the deformation zone, the boundary conditions are: x is equal to l and q is equal to 0, thus obtaining
Substitution of formula (11) to C
Ⅰ(ii) a Because there is p at x ═ d
Ⅲ=p
ⅣCalculating to obtain C
Ⅲ(ii) a Where x is x
n1Where is provided with p
Ⅰ=p
ⅡThus calculating to obtain C
Ⅱ(x=x
n1) (ii) a Where x is x
n2Where is provided with p
Ⅱ=p
ⅢThus calculating to obtain C
Ⅱ(x=x
n2);
CⅡ(x=xn1)=CⅡ(x=xn2) (21)
The volume of the metal material during rolling remains unchanged and therefore has the following relationship:
in the formula: v. of1、v2Surface linear velocities, x, of upper and lower work rolls, respectivelyn1、xn2-neutral points at the upper and lower work rolls, respectively;
x is obtained by combining the vertical type (21) and the formula (22)n1、xn2And CⅡ。
And integrating the unit pressure along the contact arc to obtain the same-diameter different-speed snake-shaped rolling force:
the rolling moments of the upper and lower working rolls are obtained by calculating the moments of the friction force along the contact arcs of the upper and lower working rolls:
the invention has the beneficial effects that: the composition state of the rolling deformation zone can be preliminarily predicted according to the relationship between the biting angle and the neutral angle, and the rolling force and the rolling moment are accurately calculated according to the composition state, the boundary condition and the initial condition of the deformation zone, so that a theoretical basis is provided for the snake-shaped rolling process design and the rolling mill structure design.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the geometric relationship of a serpentine rolling deformation zone;
FIG. 2 is a graph of unit body stress in a deformation zone;
in the figure, R1,R2-radius of upper and lower work rolls; n is1,n2-the rotational speed of the upper and lower work rolls; d is the amount of the offset; Δ h1,Δh2-the reduction of the upper and lower work rolls; l-deformation zone length; h, the thickness of the steel plate before rolling; h is0-the steel sheet after rolling thickness; alpha is alpha1,α2-bite angle of upper and lower work rolls; gamma ray1,γ2-neutral angle of upper and lower work rolls; x is the number ofn1,xn2-neutral point at the upper and lower work rolls; xOy-coordinate system; o-origin of coordinate system; i, a backward sliding area; II, rolling the area; III-forward slide zone; IV-recurve region;
τ
1,τ
2-frictional stress of the upper and lower work rolls with the workpiece;
-average shear stress of the upper and lower parts of the unit cell; sigma
x-positive stress in horizontal direction; p is a radical of
1-upper working roll stress; p is a radical of
2-lower work roll compressive stress; theta
1,θ
2The variable angle of the contact arc with the x-axis.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted, however, that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Taking a 4600 heavy and medium plate mill as an example, the detailed parameters are shown in table 1. Three different speed ratios are taken for detailed description:
the first set of data: the linear speed of the upper working roll is 1.3m/s, and the linear speed of the lower working roll is 1.305 m/s;
the second set of data: the linear speed of the upper working roll is 1.3m/s, and the linear speed of the lower working roll is 1.325 m/s;
third group of data: the linear speed of the upper working roll is 1.3m/s, and the linear speed of the lower working roll is 1.55 m/s;
TABLE 1 Rolling parameters
1. Calculating the biting angle of the snake-shaped rolling with the same diameter and different speed
Calculating according to the calculation formulas (1) and (2) of the rolling reduction of the upper working roll and the lower working roll in the same-diameter different-speed snake rolling process:
the first set of data: Δ h1=17.2618mm,Δh2=14.7382mm;
The second set of data: Δ h1=17.2618mm,Δh2=14.7382mm;
Third groupData: Δ h1=17.2618mm,Δh2=14.7382mm;
Calculating according to the same-diameter different-speed snake-shaped rolling bite angle calculation formulas (3) and (4) to obtain:
the first set of data: alpha is alpha1=14.69°,α2=13.57°;
The second set of data: alpha is alpha1=14.69°,α2=13.57°;
Third group of data: alpha is alpha1=14.69°,α2=13.57°;
Calculating according to the length calculation formula (5) of the deformation region to obtain:
the first set of data: 133.58 mm;
the second set of data: 133.58 mm;
third group of data: 133.58 mm;
2. calculating the same-diameter different-speed snake-shaped rolling neutral angle
The first set of data: the outlet velocity v of the deformation zone is measured in the experimental field0=1.314m/s;
Calculating according to formulas (6) and (7) of front slip values of the upper and lower working rolls of the snake-shaped rolling:
S1=0.01077,S2=0.006897;
calculating formulas (8) and (9) according to the neutral angles of the upper working roll and the lower working roll in the snake-shaped rolling process to obtain:
γ1=3.83°,γ2=3.07°;
the second set of data: the outlet velocity v of the deformation zone is measured in the experimental field0=1.325m/s;
Calculating according to formulas (6) and (7) of front slip values of the upper and lower working rolls of the snake-shaped rolling:
S1=0.01923,S2=0;
calculating formulas (8) and (9) according to the neutral angles of the upper working roll and the lower working roll in the snake-shaped rolling process to obtain:
γ1=5.12°,γ2=0°;
in the third case: the outlet velocity v of the deformation zone is measured in the experimental field0=1.55m/s;
Calculating according to formulas (6) and (7) of the forward slip values of the upper and lower working rolls in the snake-shaped rolling process:
S1=0.1923,S2=0;
calculating formulas (8) and (9) according to the neutral angles of the upper working roll and the lower working roll in the snake-shaped rolling process to obtain:
γ1=16.24°,γ2=0°;
3. calculating yield criterion of rolled piece material
According to the rolled piece material yield criterion calculation formula (10), the following results are obtained:
4. unit pressure in plastic deformation zone
5. Calculating rolling force and rolling moment
(1) The first set of data: linear velocity v of upper working roll surface11.30m/s, linear velocity v of lower working roll surface21.305 m/s; at this time, α1=14.69°、α2=13.57°;γ1=3.83°、γ2=3.07°;γ1<α1、γ2<α2The deformation zone consists of a back sliding zone I, a rolling zone II, a front sliding zone III and a reverse bending zone IV. At this time, at the upper work roll throw-out point O, the boundary conditions are: x is 0 and q is 0, thus obtaining pⅣ118.98MPa, substituting formula (14) to obtain CⅣ294.31 MPa; at the entrance of the deformation zone, the boundary conditions are: x is 133.58mm and q is 0, so p is obtainedⅠC was obtained by substituting formula (11) under 118.98MPaⅠ304.21 MPa; because there is a position of x ═ dpⅢ=pⅣCalculating to obtain CⅢ293.88 MPa; where x is xn1Where is provided with pⅠ=pⅡThus calculating to obtain CⅡ(x=xn1) (ii) a Where x is xn2Where is provided with pⅡ=pⅢThus calculating to obtain CⅡ(x=xn2)。
X is obtained by combining the vertical type (21) and the formula (22)n1=35.59mm,xn2=20.92mm,CⅡ=298.18MPa。
At this time, unknown constants of the unit pressure calculation formulas (11), (12), (13), and (14) are obtained.
Calculating according to the formula (23) to obtain a rolling force F which is 48120.21 KN;
calculating the upper working roll manufacturing moment T according to the formulas (24) and (25)12186.95KN m, lower roll rolling moment T2=3564.98KN·m。
(2) The second set of data: linear velocity v of upper working roll surface11.30m/s, linear velocity v of lower working roll surface21.325 m/s; at this time, α1=14.69°、α2=13.57°;γ1=5.12°、γ2=0°;γ1<α1、γ2The deformation zone consists of a post-sliding zone I, a rolling zone II and a recurved zone IV; at this time, at the upper work roll throw-out point O, the boundary conditions are: x is 0 and q is 0, thus obtaining pⅣ118.98MPa, substituting formula (14) to obtain CⅣ294.31 MPa; at the entrance of the deformation zone, the boundary conditions are: x is 133.58mm and q is 0, so p is obtainedⅠC was obtained by substituting formula (11) under 118.98MPaⅠ304.21 MPa; because there is p at x ═ dⅡ=pⅣCalculating to obtain CⅡ295.95 MPa; where x is xn1Where is provided with pⅠ=pⅡThus, the neutral point x at the upper work roll is calculatedn1=46.56mm。
Calculating according to the formula (18) to obtain a rolling force F which is 47949.24 KN;
calculating the upper working roll manufacturing moment T according to the formulas (19) and (20)11417.98KN m, lower roll rolling moment T2=4330.62KN·m。
(3) Third group of data: linear velocity v of upper working roll surface11.30m/s, linear velocity v of lower working roll surface21.55 m/s; at this time, α1=14.69°、α2=13.57°;γ1=16.24°、γ2=0°;γ1>α1、γ2The deformation area consists of a rolling area II and a reverse bending area IV; at this time, at the upper work roll throw-out point O, the boundary conditions are: x is 0 and q is 0, thus obtaining pⅣ118.98MPa, substituting formula (14) to obtain CⅣ294.31 MPa; at the entrance of the deformation zone, the boundary conditions are: x is 133.58mm and q is 0, so p is obtainedⅡC was obtained by substituting formula (12) under 118.98MPaⅡ=278.81MPa。
Calculating according to the formula (15) to obtain the rolling force F which is 43856.52 KN;
calculating the upper working roll manufacturing moment T according to the formulas (16) and (17)1-4681.05KN m, lower roll rolling moment T2=4330.62KN·m。