CN108266475B - Axial nonlinear stiffness adjustment laminated spring of traction spherical hinge and adjustment method - Google Patents
Axial nonlinear stiffness adjustment laminated spring of traction spherical hinge and adjustment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108266475B CN108266475B CN201810127818.8A CN201810127818A CN108266475B CN 108266475 B CN108266475 B CN 108266475B CN 201810127818 A CN201810127818 A CN 201810127818A CN 108266475 B CN108266475 B CN 108266475B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F1/00—Springs
- F16F1/36—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers
- F16F1/38—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers with a sleeve of elastic material between a rigid outer sleeve and a rigid inner sleeve or pin, i.e. bushing-type
- F16F1/3842—Method of assembly, production or treatment; Mounting thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
- B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
- B61F5/50—Other details
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61G—COUPLINGS; DRAUGHT AND BUFFING APPLIANCES
- B61G5/00—Couplings for special purposes not otherwise provided for
- B61G5/02—Couplings for special purposes not otherwise provided for for coupling articulated trains, locomotives and tenders or the bogies of a vehicle; Coupling by means of a single coupling bar; Couplings preventing or limiting relative lateral movement of vehicles
Abstract
The utility model provides a pull ball pivot axial nonlinearity rigidity adjustment stromatolite spring and adjustment method, includes a metal overcoat, is equipped with the rubber metal stromatolite spring that constitutes by rubber elastomer and metal complex in the metal overcoat, its characterized in that: the rubber metal laminated springs are axially arranged, and axial nonlinear variable stiffness of the spherical hinge is realized through deformation of the axially arranged rubber metal laminated springs. The rubber metal laminated spring is a T-shaped rubber metal laminated spring, the outer sleeve of the T-shaped rubber metal laminated spring is a T-shaped metal framework, and the laminated springs are distributed on two sides of the radial scroll of the T-shaped metal framework and are symmetrically distributed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a railway vehicle part, a nonlinear rigidity changing method and a nonlinear rigidity changing device, in particular to a traction spherical hinge axial nonlinear rigidity spherical hinge part, a nonlinear rigidity changing adjusting method and a nonlinear rigidity changing adjusting device.
Background
The rubber metal traction ball hinge belongs to a rubber metal composite ball hinge and is one of key parts for transmitting traction and braking force between a locomotive body and a bogie, the rubber metal traction ball hinge used by the existing locomotive mostly adopts a rubber and metal composite part in order to ensure variable rigidity adjustment, the rubber metal traction ball hinge has lighter weight, and flexible traction can be realized to achieve the purposes of vibration reduction and noise reduction. However, since the rubber-metal traction ball joint is made of a composite of rubber and metal, in actual operation, due to the different characteristics of the two materials, damage to one material is easily caused, and the performance of the whole ball joint is affected. Generally, the failure mode of the rubber-metal composite elastic element is the failure of the rubber body or the adhesive failure between the rubber and the metal framework, which is mainly caused by the high stress strain level of the rubber body or the adhesive joint between the rubber and the metal framework, and the metal body is difficult to fail firstly due to the relatively high strength of the material. Therefore, when designing a rubber metal traction spherical hinge, the effective method of reducing the stress-strain level of rubber as much as possible and improving fatigue reliability while considering the rigidity performance of a product needs to have good rigidity changing performance, and particularly needs to have good nonlinear rigidity changing adjustment. However, the existing traction ball joint can only realize the nonlinear adjustment of radial rigidity through the structural design, that is, mainly only the adjustment of radial nonlinear variable rigidity is considered, which prompts a host factory to design the installation mode of the traction ball joint as the radial direction of the ball joint to realize longitudinal bearing when designing a bogie, so that the structural design of the whole bogie is greatly limited, and the improvement is needed.
Patent documents in which the same technology as that of the present invention is not found through patent search are reported, and the following patents which have a certain relationship with the present invention are mainly included:
1. the patent number is CN200810143027.0, entitled "method for changing rigidity of spherical hinge rubber elastic element and spherical hinge rubber elastic element", the patent discloses a method for changing rigidity of spherical hinge rubber elastic element and spherical hinge rubber elastic element, which adopts a way of combining multi-section spherical hinge rubber elastic bodies, makes the nonlinear characteristics of the spherical hinge rubber elastic bodies of each section different, and combines the spherical hinge rubber elastic bodies with different nonlinear characteristics on a mandrel, so as to realize the change of different radial rigidity of the whole spherical hinge rubber elastic element under different conditions, thereby achieving the purpose of changing rigidity. The spherical hinge type rubber elastic element comprises a metal core shaft, a metal outer sleeve, an elastic rubber body and a metal inner sleeve; the elastic rubber body, the metal outer sleeve and the metal inner sleeve are vulcanized into a whole, and the metal inner sleeve is sleeved on the metal core shaft. The invention is characterized in that the spherical hinge rubber elastic element is a three-section type elastic body combined structure which is mutually independent, the whole spherical hinge rubber elastic element is formed by combining three independent metal outer sleeves, elastic rubber bodies and metal inner sleeves, and the elastic bodies are axially combined on a mandrel to be connected into a whole.
2. The utility model is a utility model patent with the patent number of CN201620192297.0 and the name of metal rubber ball hinge, the patent discloses a metal rubber spherical hinge, which comprises a mandrel, an elastic rubber layer and an outer sleeve from inside to outside, wherein the mandrel is at least provided with two axial backstops which are evenly distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the mandrel, a through hole along the axial direction is arranged between the backstops and the outer sleeve, it is characterized in that the through hole is surrounded by an outer profile close to the outer sleeve side, an inner profile close to the stopping side and two side surfaces, a gap is arranged between the outer profile and the inner wall of the outer sleeve, a gap is arranged between the inner profile and the stopping side, the two side surfaces are symmetrically distributed, the outer profile is a circular arc surface coaxial with the outer sleeve, the edge of the outer profile is arranged on the outer side of the edge of the inner profile, the side is an arc surface gradually approaching from the edge of the inner molded surface to the edge of the outer molded surface, and the side is a convex arc surface protruding towards the outer molded surface. The utility model discloses a metal rubber ball pivot is under radial deformation condition, and rigidity change is mild and the rubber profile is not discounted.
3. The patent number is CN201520134990.8, the utility model patent of name "a trompil formula ball pivot class rubber elastic component", this patent discloses a trompil formula ball pivot class rubber elastic component, including the dabber, the cover is located the outer rubber of dabber, the cover is located the outer overcoat of rubber is used the centre of a circle as the axle the symmetry is provided with two hole structures on the rubber, the hole structure run through in the axial of rubber, the hole structure includes: the intrados has with the radian of overcoat syntropy, just the normal of intrados with the contained angle of side is the obtuse angle. The utility model discloses a novel rubber trompil structure can increase gently and become rigidity, can also effectively avoid trompil department rubber to produce the deformation of buckling simultaneously, prevents the production of rubber crackle.
4. The invention discloses a combined spherical hinge rubber elastic element axial precompression method and a product thereof with the patent number of CN200510031727.7, belonging to the invention of a combined spherical hinge rubber elastic element axial precompression method and a product thereof, which is characterized in that a metal outer sleeve, an elastic rubber body, a metal inner sleeve and a mandrel of the spherical hinge rubber elastic element are of mutually independent two-section combined structures, the whole spherical hinge rubber elastic element is formed by combining two independent metal outer sleeves, elastic rubber bodies and metal inner sleeves in an axial combination manner on the mandrel, and the precompression stress of the elastic rubber body of the spherical hinge rubber elastic element is realized by adjusting the mutual axial position of the metal outer sleeve and the metal inner sleeve. The elastic rubber body pre-compression stress can be two sections of the metal inner sleeve which are axially separated, and the elastic rubber body pre-compression stress is generated by adjusting the axial position of the metal inner sleeve on the mandrel through axially compressing the metal inner sleeve.
Although the above patents relate to the nonlinear variable stiffness adjustment of the rubber-metal composite ball-and-socket joint, it can be seen from the description of these patents that the variable stiffness of the existing rubber-and-metal composite ball-and-socket joint is still considered radial variable stiffness, and the patent of invention with patent number CN200510031727.7 entitled "a method and product for axially pre-compressing a combined ball-and-socket joint rubber elastic element" proposes axial pre-compression, but actually considers and focuses on the adjustment of radial stiffness, so the aforementioned drawback of purely considering the nonlinear adjustment of radial variable stiffness still exists, and therefore needs to be further improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a novel device and a method for adjusting axial nonlinear rigidity of a traction spherical hinge, aiming at the defects of nonlinear rigidity changing adjustment of the existing rubber-metal composite spherical hinge.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: a laminated spring for adjusting the axial nonlinear stiffness of a traction spherical hinge comprises a metal outer sleeve, wherein a rubber metal laminated spring formed by compounding a rubber elastic body and metal is arranged in the metal outer sleeve, the rubber metal laminated spring is axially arranged, and the axial nonlinear stiffness change of the spherical hinge is realized through the deformation of the axially arranged rubber metal laminated spring.
Furthermore, the rubber metal laminated spring is a T-shaped rubber metal laminated spring, the outer sleeve of the T-shaped rubber metal laminated spring is a T-shaped metal framework, and the laminated springs are distributed on two sides of the radial scroll of the T-shaped metal framework and are symmetrically distributed.
Furthermore, the laminated spring is an axial laminated spring formed by axially vulcanizing and laminating rubber metal, the center of the axial laminated spring is in a hollow state, and a gap is reserved between the outer diameter of the axial laminated spring and the outer ring of the T-shaped metal framework to form a rubber metal ring body.
Further, the laminated spring is a multi-lobe structure which is axially cut into 2-4 lobes, and the lobes are combined to form an annular axial laminated spring.
Furthermore, the laminated spring is of a two-petal structure, each petal is of a semicircular structure, and the two petals are combined to form the annular axial laminated spring.
Furthermore, the T-shaped rubber metal vulcanized body is arranged in the middle of the spherical hinge I-shaped rubber metal vulcanized body, so that the rubber metal vulcanized body of the whole dumpling is divided into three parts in the axial direction; the T-shaped rubber metal vulcanized body and the I-shaped rubber metal vulcanized body are combined together and then are pressed into the shell sleeve.
The axial nonlinear variable stiffness adjusting method for the laminated spring by using the axial nonlinear stiffness adjusting of the traction spherical hinge is characterized in that the axial nonlinear variable stiffness of the traction spherical hinge is adjusted by using the axial nonlinear stiffness adjusting laminated spring, so that the axial variable stiffness of the whole traction spherical hinge is nonlinear.
Further, the axial nonlinear variable stiffness of the traction ball hinge is adjusted by the axial nonlinear stiffness adjusting laminated spring, namely, a plurality of layers of rubber metal composite pieces which are axially arranged are arranged in the ball dumpling, and the adjustment of the axial nonlinear variable stiffness of the ball hinge is realized through the axial compression of the plurality of layers of rubber metal composite pieces; the axially arranged multilayer rubber-metal composite part is formed by compounding metal and rubber parts together in the axial direction to form an axial rubber-metal laminated elastic composite part, and the adjustment of axial nonlinear variable stiffness is realized through the deformation of the axial rubber-metal laminated elastic composite part.
Furthermore, the rubber metal laminated spring is a T-shaped rubber metal laminated spring, the outer sleeve of the T-shaped rubber metal laminated spring is a T-shaped metal framework, and the laminated springs are distributed on two sides of the radial scroll of the T-shaped metal framework and are symmetrically distributed.
Furthermore, the laminated spring is an axial laminated spring formed by axially vulcanizing and laminating rubber metal, the center of the axial laminated spring is in a hollow state, and a gap is reserved between the outer diameter of the axial laminated spring and the outer ring of the T-shaped metal framework to form a rubber metal ring body.
Further, the laminated spring is a multi-lobe structure which is axially cut into 2-4 lobes, and the lobes are combined to form an annular axial laminated spring.
Furthermore, the laminated spring is of a two-petal structure, each petal is of a semicircular structure, and the two petals are combined to form the annular axial laminated spring.
Furthermore, the T-shaped rubber metal vulcanized body is arranged in the middle of the spherical hinge I-shaped rubber metal vulcanized body, so that the rubber metal vulcanized body of the whole dumpling is divided into three parts in the axial direction; the T-shaped rubber metal vulcanized body and the I-shaped rubber metal vulcanized body are combined together and then are pressed into the shell sleeve.
The invention has the advantages that:
the invention utilizes the axial variable stiffness adjustment of the spherical hinge, completely changes the idea that the traditional spherical hinge products provide nonlinear stiffness from the radial direction, and has the following characteristics:
1. the design idea of the bogie is brought with a new design idea, the design idea of the bogie is greatly expanded, and a new bogie assembly structure is developed.
2. The axial nonlinear variable stiffness of the two-section structure can meet the requirements of small variable stiffness and large variable stiffness, particularly for a traction spherical hinge, when a traction pull rod has a high-power traction and braking function, because the traction and braking force frequency is very low, namely static force acts on the traction pull rod, and the traction and braking function needs to be realized by a rubber node, so that the traction spherical hinge has high stiffness, and when the traction pull rod has a low-power traction or does not have the traction and braking functions, the traction spherical hinge needs to provide small stiffness to isolate the disturbance of longitudinal vibration of a bogie frame with higher frequency to a vehicle body, so that the elastic vibration of the vehicle body is reduced, and the problem can be effectively solved by adopting the axial nonlinear variable stiffness treatment.
3. The high nonlinearity of the rigidity can be realized through the variable rigidity of the combination of the radial direction and the axial direction, and the later rigidity requirement can be flexibly realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and specific examples.
Example one
The invention can be seen from the attached drawings, and relates to a traction spherical hinge axial nonlinear stiffness adjustment rubber metal laminated spring which comprises a metal outer sleeve 1, wherein a rubber metal laminated spring 4 formed by compounding a rubber elastic body 2 and a metal partition plate 3 is arranged in the metal outer sleeve 1, the rubber metal laminated spring 4 is axially arranged, and the axial nonlinear stiffness change of a spherical hinge is realized through the deformation of the axially arranged rubber metal laminated spring 4.
Furthermore, the rubber metal laminated spring 4 is a T-shaped rubber metal laminated spring, the metal outer sleeve 1 of the T-shaped rubber metal laminated spring is a T-shaped metal framework, and the rubber metal laminated spring 4 is distributed on two sides of the radial scroll 5 of the T-shaped metal framework and symmetrically distributed.
Furthermore, the rubber metal laminated spring 4 is an axial laminated spring formed by axially vulcanizing and laminating rubber metal, the center of the axial laminated spring is in a hollow state, and a gap is reserved between the outer diameter of the axial laminated spring and the outer ring of the T-shaped metal framework to form a rubber metal ring body.
Further, the rubber body 2 of the rubber metal laminated spring 4 is an integral vulcanized piece, and the left and right rubber bodies 2 are connected at the lower part to form a package for the radial scroll 5 and the lower part of the metal clapboard 3.
Further, the laminated spring is a two-lobe structure which is axially cut into 2 lobes, and the two lobes are combined to form an annular axial laminated spring.
Furthermore, the laminated spring is of a two-petal structure, each petal is of a semicircular structure, and the two petals are combined to form the annular axial laminated spring.
Furthermore, the T-shaped rubber metal vulcanized body is arranged in the middle of the spherical hinge I-shaped rubber metal vulcanized body 6, so that the rubber metal vulcanized body of the whole dumpling is divided into three parts in the axial direction; the T-shaped rubber metal vulcanized body and the I-shaped rubber metal vulcanized body are combined together and then are pressed into the shell sleeve 7.
The working principle of axial variable rigidity is as follows: a nonlinear variable stiffness system formed by combining an I-shaped bushing and two flap type laminated springs is adopted, axial variable stiffness is provided by the I-shaped bushing independently from the early-stage small stiffness, and after the axial deformation of a product "eats" a gap D between a radial rubber metal vulcanized body and the two flap type laminated springs, the axial stiffness of the product is increased sharply and is provided by the I-shaped bushing and the two flap type laminated springs together.
Example two
The implementation principle of the second embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the small-rigidity adjusting rubber piece is further processed only for further improving the effect of small-rigidity adjustment. A laminated spring for adjusting the axial nonlinear stiffness of a traction spherical hinge comprises a metal outer sleeve, wherein a rubber metal laminated spring formed by compounding a rubber elastic body and metal is arranged in the metal outer sleeve, the rubber metal laminated spring is axially arranged, and the axial nonlinear stiffness change of the spherical hinge is realized through the deformation of the axially arranged rubber metal laminated spring.
Furthermore, the rubber metal laminated spring is a T-shaped rubber metal laminated spring, the outer sleeve of the T-shaped rubber metal laminated spring is a T-shaped metal framework, and the laminated springs are distributed on two sides of the radial scroll of the T-shaped metal framework and are symmetrically distributed.
Furthermore, the laminated spring is an axial laminated spring formed by axially vulcanizing and laminating rubber metal, the center of the axial laminated spring is in a hollow state, and a gap is reserved between the outer diameter of the axial laminated spring and the outer ring of the T-shaped metal framework to form a rubber metal ring body.
Further, the laminated spring is a multi-lobe structure which is axially cut into 4 lobes, and the lobes are combined to form an annular axial laminated spring.
Furthermore, the laminated spring is of a two-petal structure, each petal is of a semicircular structure, and the two petals are combined to form the annular axial laminated spring.
Furthermore, the T-shaped rubber metal vulcanized body is arranged in the middle of the spherical hinge I-shaped rubber metal vulcanized body, so that the rubber metal vulcanized body of the whole dumpling is divided into three parts in the axial direction; the T-shaped rubber metal vulcanized body and the I-shaped rubber metal vulcanized body are combined together and then are pressed into the shell sleeve.
The other parts are the same as the embodiment.
EXAMPLE III
The third embodiment is implemented in the same principle as the first embodiment, but in order to further improve the performance of the whole variable stiffness, the variable stiffness is adjusted in a manner of compressing in the radial direction and the axial direction simultaneously. A laminated spring for adjusting the axial nonlinear stiffness of a traction spherical hinge comprises a metal outer sleeve, wherein a rubber metal laminated spring formed by compounding a rubber elastic body and metal is arranged in the metal outer sleeve, the rubber metal laminated spring is axially arranged, and the axial nonlinear stiffness change of the spherical hinge is realized through the deformation of the axially arranged rubber metal laminated spring.
Furthermore, the rubber metal laminated spring is a T-shaped rubber metal laminated spring, the outer sleeve of the T-shaped rubber metal laminated spring is a T-shaped metal framework, and the laminated springs are distributed on two sides of the radial scroll of the T-shaped metal framework and are symmetrically distributed.
Furthermore, the laminated spring is an axial laminated spring formed by axially vulcanizing and laminating rubber metal, the center of the axial laminated spring is in a hollow state, and a gap is reserved between the outer diameter of the axial laminated spring and the outer ring of the T-shaped metal framework to form a rubber metal ring body.
Further, the laminated spring is a multi-lobe structure which is axially cut into 2-4 lobes, and the lobes are combined to form an annular axial laminated spring.
Furthermore, the laminated spring is of a two-petal structure, each petal is of a semicircular structure, and the two petals are combined to form the annular axial laminated spring.
Furthermore, the T-shaped rubber metal vulcanized body is arranged in the middle of the spherical hinge I-shaped rubber metal vulcanized body, so that the rubber metal vulcanized body of the whole dumpling is divided into three parts in the axial direction; the T-shaped rubber metal vulcanized body and the I-shaped rubber metal vulcanized body are combined together and then are pressed into the shell sleeve.
The other parts are the same as the embodiment.
The above listed embodiments are only for clear and complete description of the technical solution of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings; it is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely a few embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Through the description of the above embodiment, it can be known that the present invention further relates to an axial nonlinear variable stiffness adjusting method for adjusting a laminated spring by using the axial nonlinear stiffness of the traction ball hinge, which adjusts the nonlinear variable stiffness of the rubber-metal composite ball hinge by adjusting the position relationship between the metal piece and the rubber piece of the rubber-metal composite ball hinge.
Further, the axial nonlinear variable stiffness of the traction ball hinge is adjusted by the axial nonlinear stiffness adjusting laminated spring, namely, a plurality of layers of rubber metal composite pieces which are axially arranged are arranged in the ball dumpling, and the adjustment of the axial nonlinear variable stiffness of the ball hinge is realized through the axial compression of the plurality of layers of rubber metal composite pieces; the axially arranged multilayer rubber-metal composite part is formed by compounding metal and rubber parts together in the axial direction to form an axial rubber-metal laminated elastic composite part, and the adjustment of axial nonlinear variable stiffness is realized through the deformation of the axial rubber-metal laminated elastic composite part.
Furthermore, a rubber part of at least one of the I-shaped rubber metal vulcanized bodies is provided with a hollow and solid adjusting hole or groove for adjusting the variable rigidity nonlinearity of the spherical hinge; the non-linear hollow and solid item adjusting hole or groove for adjusting the variable rigidity of the spherical hinge is a blind hole or groove in a non-through hole form, and external water or dirt is prevented from entering the inner space in the middle of the spherical hinge from the hollow and solid item adjusting hole or groove of the spherical hinge through the blind hole or groove in the non-through hole form.
Furthermore, the rubber metal laminated spring is a T-shaped rubber metal laminated spring, the outer sleeve of the T-shaped rubber metal laminated spring is a T-shaped metal framework, and the laminated springs are distributed on two sides of the radial scroll of the T-shaped metal framework and are symmetrically distributed.
Furthermore, the laminated spring is an axial laminated spring formed by axially vulcanizing and laminating rubber metal, the center of the axial laminated spring is in a hollow state, and a gap is reserved between the outer diameter of the axial laminated spring and the outer ring of the T-shaped metal framework to form a rubber metal ring body.
Further, the laminated spring is a multi-lobe structure which is axially cut into 2-4 lobes, and the lobes are combined to form an annular axial laminated spring.
Furthermore, the laminated spring is of a two-petal structure, each petal is of a semicircular structure, and the two petals are combined to form the annular axial laminated spring.
Furthermore, the T-shaped rubber metal vulcanized body is arranged in the middle of the spherical hinge I-shaped rubber metal vulcanized body, so that the rubber metal vulcanized body of the whole dumpling is divided into three parts in the axial direction; the T-shaped rubber metal vulcanized body and the I-shaped rubber metal vulcanized body are combined together and then are pressed into the shell sleeve.
The invention has the advantages that:
the invention utilizes the axial variable stiffness adjustment of the spherical hinge, completely changes the idea that the traditional spherical hinge products provide nonlinear stiffness from the radial direction, and has the following characteristics:
1. the design idea of the bogie is brought with a new design idea, the design idea of the bogie is greatly expanded, and a new bogie assembly structure is developed.
2. The axial nonlinear variable stiffness of the two-section structure can meet the requirements of small variable stiffness and large variable stiffness, particularly for a traction spherical hinge, when a traction pull rod has a high-power traction and braking function, because the traction and braking force frequency is very low, namely static force acts on the traction pull rod, and the traction and braking function needs to be realized by a rubber node, so that the traction spherical hinge has high stiffness, and when the traction pull rod has a low-power traction or does not have the traction and braking functions, the traction spherical hinge needs to provide small stiffness to isolate the disturbance of longitudinal vibration of a bogie frame with higher frequency to a vehicle body, so that the elastic vibration of the vehicle body is reduced, and the problem can be effectively solved by adopting the axial nonlinear variable stiffness treatment.
3. The high nonlinearity of the rigidity can be realized through the variable rigidity of the combination of the radial direction and the axial direction, and the later rigidity requirement can be flexibly realized.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a pull ball pivot axial nonlinearity rigidity adjustment stromatolite spring, includes a metal coat (1), has rubber metal stromatolite spring (4) of constituteing by rubber elastomer (2) and metal partition plate (3) complex in metal coat (1), its characterized in that: the rubber metal laminated springs (4) are axially arranged, and the axial nonlinear variable stiffness of the traction spherical hinge is realized through the deformation of the axially arranged rubber metal laminated springs (4); the metal outer sleeve (1) is a T-shaped metal framework, and the rubber metal laminated springs (4) are distributed on two sides of the radial scroll (5) of the T-shaped metal framework and are symmetrically distributed to form a T-shaped rubber metal vulcanized body; the rubber metal laminated spring (4) is an axial laminated spring formed by axially vulcanizing and superposing a rubber elastic body (2) and a metal partition plate (3), the center of the rubber metal laminated spring (4) is in a hollow state, and a gap is reserved between the outer diameter of the rubber metal laminated spring (4) and the outer ring of the T-shaped metal framework to form a rubber metal annular body; the T-shaped rubber metal vulcanized body is arranged in the middle of the I-shaped rubber metal vulcanized body of the traction spherical hinge, so that the rubber metal vulcanized body of the whole traction spherical hinge is divided into three parts in the axial direction; the T-shaped rubber metal vulcanized body and the I-shaped rubber metal vulcanized body are combined together and then are pressed into the shell sleeve (7) at the same time; a nonlinear variable stiffness system formed by combining an I-shaped rubber metal vulcanized body and a rubber metal laminated spring is adopted, the I-shaped rubber metal vulcanized body provides axial variable stiffness for the early stage, and after the axial deformation of the traction spherical hinge "eats" the gap (D) between the I-shaped rubber metal vulcanized body and the rubber metal laminated spring, the axial stiffness of the traction spherical hinge is increased sharply and is provided by the I-shaped rubber metal vulcanized body and the rubber metal laminated spring (4) together.
2. The traction ball pivot axial non-linear rate modifying laminated spring of claim 1, wherein: the rubber metal laminated spring (4) is a multi-petal structure which is axially cut into 2-4 petals, and the petals are combined to form an annular axial laminated spring.
3. The traction ball pivot axial non-linear rate modifying laminated spring of claim 2, wherein: the rubber metal laminated spring (4) is of a two-petal structure, each petal is of a semicircular structure, and the two petals are combined to form an annular axial laminated spring.
4. The axial nonlinear variable stiffness adjusting method of the traction spherical hinge axial nonlinear stiffness adjusting laminated spring is characterized in that the rubber metal laminated spring (4) is used for adjusting the axial nonlinear variable stiffness of the traction spherical hinge to enable the axial variable stiffness of the whole traction spherical hinge to be nonlinear; the rubber metal laminated spring (4) which is arranged axially is arranged in the traction spherical hinge, and the nonlinear variable stiffness adjustment in the axial direction of the traction spherical hinge is realized through the axial compression of the rubber metal laminated spring (4); the axially arranged rubber metal laminated spring (4) is formed by compounding metal and a rubber part together in the axial direction to form an axial rubber metal laminated elastic compound part, and the adjustment of the axial nonlinear variable stiffness is realized through the deformation of the axial rubber metal laminated spring (4); the laminated spring comprises a metal outer sleeve (1), wherein a rubber metal laminated spring (4) formed by compounding a rubber elastic body (2) and a metal partition plate (3) is arranged in the metal outer sleeve (1), the metal outer sleeve (1) is a T-shaped metal framework, and the rubber metal laminated spring (4) is distributed on two sides of a radial scroll (5) of the T-shaped metal framework and symmetrically distributed to form a T-shaped rubber metal vulcanized body; the rubber metal laminated spring (4) is an axial laminated spring formed by axially vulcanizing and superposing a rubber elastic body (2) and a metal partition plate (3), the center of the rubber metal laminated spring (4) is in a hollow state, and a gap is reserved between the outer diameter of the rubber metal laminated spring (4) and the outer ring of the T-shaped metal framework to form a rubber metal annular body; the T-shaped rubber metal vulcanized body is arranged in the middle of the I-shaped rubber metal vulcanized body of the traction spherical hinge, so that the rubber metal vulcanized body of the whole traction spherical hinge is divided into three parts in the axial direction; the T-shaped rubber metal vulcanized body and the I-shaped rubber metal vulcanized body are combined together and then are pressed into the shell sleeve (7) at the same time; a nonlinear variable stiffness system formed by combining an I-shaped rubber metal vulcanized body and a rubber metal laminated spring is adopted, the I-shaped rubber metal vulcanized body provides axial variable stiffness for the early stage, and after the axial deformation of the traction spherical hinge "eats" the gap (D) between the I-shaped rubber metal vulcanized body and the rubber metal laminated spring, the axial stiffness of the traction spherical hinge is increased sharply and is provided by the I-shaped rubber metal vulcanized body and the rubber metal laminated spring (4) together.
5. The axial nonlinear variable stiffness adjustment method according to claim 4, characterized in that: the rubber metal laminated spring (4) is a multi-petal structure which is axially cut into 2-4 petals, and the petals are combined to form an annular axial laminated spring.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810127818.8A CN108266475B (en) | 2018-02-08 | 2018-02-08 | Axial nonlinear stiffness adjustment laminated spring of traction spherical hinge and adjustment method |
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| CN201810127818.8A CN108266475B (en) | 2018-02-08 | 2018-02-08 | Axial nonlinear stiffness adjustment laminated spring of traction spherical hinge and adjustment method |
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| CN108266475A CN108266475A (en) | 2018-07-10 |
| CN108266475B true CN108266475B (en) | 2020-06-30 |
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| CN201810127818.8A Active CN108266475B (en) | 2018-02-08 | 2018-02-08 | Axial nonlinear stiffness adjustment laminated spring of traction spherical hinge and adjustment method |
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| CN110450808B (en) * | 2019-08-15 | 2021-03-12 | 株洲时代瑞唯减振装备有限公司 | Conical rubber section traction spherical hinge and method for preventing rubber profile from cracking |
| CN111547095A (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2020-08-18 | 株洲时代瑞唯减振装备有限公司 | Composite joint with plate type rigidity adjusting structure |
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