CN108264351B - Method and system for recycling aluminum electrolysis waste cathode - Google Patents

Method and system for recycling aluminum electrolysis waste cathode Download PDF

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CN108264351B
CN108264351B CN201810194047.4A CN201810194047A CN108264351B CN 108264351 B CN108264351 B CN 108264351B CN 201810194047 A CN201810194047 A CN 201810194047A CN 108264351 B CN108264351 B CN 108264351B
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鲁爽
赵永会
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Lu Shuang
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Abstract

The invention discloses a recycling treatment method and a recycling treatment system for an aluminum electrolysis waste cathode, and belongs to the technical field of aluminum electrolysis. A method for reclaiming the waste cathode of aluminium electrolysis includes such steps as proportionally mixing broken waste cathode with treated waste biomass, treating in continuous high-temp furnace to obtain mixed carbon material, mixing it with adhesive, shaping, baking, and preparing different-specification carbon materials. The invention realizes the recycling of the waste cathode, effectively utilizes the biomass energy by matching the aluminum electrolysis waste cathode with the biomass energy, not only ensures that the waste cathode is recycled, but also saves non-renewable resources such as coke, petroleum coke, calcined anthracite and graphite, and materials generated in the process are effectively utilized without secondary pollution.

Description

Method and system for recycling aluminum electrolysis waste cathode
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method and a system for recycling aluminum electrolysis waste cathodes, and belongs to the technical field of aluminum electrolysis.
Background
The waste lining of electrolytic aluminum is an unavoidable solid waste in the production process of electrolytic aluminum, the discharge amount of each ton of aluminum is 7.5-15kg, the fluoride content in the waste lining is usually 30-40%, and the cyanide content is usually 100ppm. According to the hazardous waste identification standard-leaching toxicity identification GB5085.3, the fluorine ion content in the waste tank liner is about 1000-5000mg/L, the cyanide content is 10-30mg/L, all of which are severely out of standard (the limit value of inorganic fluoride in the standard is 100mg/L, cyanide (CN) - ) 5 mg/L), belongs to hazardous waste (according to the national hazardous waste list, hazardous waste code 331-023-48), and causes serious environmental pollution when directly discharged. About 3600 ten thousand tons of electrolytic aluminum is produced in 2017, and the continuous 16-year electrolytic aluminum production is in the first world and exceeds 50% of the total nonferrous metal production in China. According to the calculation of 7.5-10 kg of waste cathode carbon blocks generated per ton of raw aluminum, about 25-40 ten thousand tons of waste cathodes are generated in 2017,about 1-2% of the national hazardous waste discharge. At present, the main mode of disposal at home and abroad is stockpiling or landfill, and most enterprises do not have harmless disposal facilities. Along with the implementation of a new environmental protection method, the harmless and recycling of the electrolytic aluminum waste slot liners is a technical problem which needs to be solved by the technicians in the field.
For many years, a great deal of technical path design and research and development are performed by those skilled in the art, and local achievements with more comprehensive multipath are obtained. Through market research, the prior treatment processes generally have the technical problems of serious secondary pollution, difficult adjustment of equipment process routes, high equipment transfer transition cost and the like in the process of innocent treatment of electrolytic aluminum waste slot liners. All electrolytic aluminum enterprises do not have mature harmless and recycling disposal technology of electrolytic aluminum waste tank liners.
The carbon raw materials for aluminum mainly comprise petroleum coke, coal pitch, electrically calcined anthracite and the like. These raw materials are derived from petroleum and petrochemical and coal chemical industries. Fossil energy has problems of limited reserves, non-renewable energy, large environmental pollution and the like, so the development of new energy which is friendly to the environment is a research topic and industry which are supported by various countries in the future. Biomass is the only renewable resource capable of being converted into liquid fuel at present, and has the advantages of wide source, huge quantity, easy storage and CO 2 Zero emission, NO X And SO X Low emission, and the like, has become the fourth largest energy source after coal, petroleum and natural gas, and currently accounts for about 15% of the total energy consumption worldwide. With the increase of environmental protection and the technical progress, the biomass energy has wide prospect.
With the increasingly strict environmental protection requirements, the traditional carbon raw material supply tends to be more intense and the quality is reduced, and the novel biomass carbon material is used for replacing the carbon part raw material for aluminum, so that the novel biomass carbon material has wide application prospect and has important significance in development.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a recycling treatment method and a treatment system for an aluminum electrolysis waste cathode, which aim to realize recycling utilization of the waste cathode, effectively utilize biomass energy, realize recycling treatment of the waste cathode, save non-renewable resources such as coke, petroleum coke, anthracite and graphite, effectively utilize materials generated in the production process and avoid secondary pollution.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the method for recycling the waste cathode of the aluminum electrolysis comprises the following steps: crushing a waste cathode to obtain carbon block particles, conveying the crushed carbon block particles to continuous high-temperature furnace inlet mixing equipment, crushing biomass waste, drying, conveying the dried biomass particles to continuous high-temperature furnace inlet mixing equipment, heating the mixed material of the biomass particles and the carbon block particles in the continuous high-temperature furnace for 1500-2600 ℃ for 30-60 minutes, cooling to normal temperature to obtain a mixed carbon material, adding the mixed carbon material and a biomass adhesive into the mixing equipment, mixing, conveying the mixed material to a forming machine for forming, and drying the formed material to obtain the carbon material.
The waste cathode is crushed into carbon block particles with the granularity less than or equal to 10mm, and the biomass waste is crushed into biomass particles with the granularity less than or equal to 10 mm.
The flue gas of the continuous high-temperature furnace is purified and then discharged into a chimney, and the biomass tar recovered by the purifying equipment is distilled at the high temperature of 800-1000 ℃ for 30-90 minutes to obtain coke which is doped into anode coke to be used for producing qualified carbon anodes.
The aluminum electrolysis waste cathode recycling treatment system has the following structure: the discharge end of the first crushing equipment is connected with the feeding end of the continuous high-temperature furnace, the discharge end of the second crushing equipment is connected with the feeding end of the continuous high-temperature furnace, the material outlet of the continuous high-temperature furnace is connected with the feeding port of the cooling equipment, the discharge end of the cooling equipment is connected with the feeding end of the mixing equipment, the discharge end of the mixing equipment is connected with the feeding end of the forming machine, and the mixing equipment is provided with the biomass adhesive feeding port.
The discharge hole of the first crushing device is connected with the continuous high-temperature furnace sequentially through the first conveying device, the first storage bin and the continuous high-temperature furnace inlet mixing device.
The discharge hole of the second crushing device is connected with the continuous high-temperature furnace sequentially through the first drying device, the biomass particle collecting device, the fourth conveying device, the third storage bin and the continuous high-temperature furnace inlet mixing device.
The cooling equipment discharge port is connected with the feeding port of the mixing equipment sequentially through the second conveying equipment, the second storage bin and the third conveying equipment, and the discharge port of the mixing equipment is connected with the feeding port of the forming machine through the seventh conveying equipment.
The discharge port of the forming machine is connected with the feed port of the second drying equipment through the eighth conveying equipment, and the discharge port of the second drying equipment is connected with the ninth conveying equipment.
The biomass adhesive feeding port of the mixing device is connected with the discharging port of the fourth storage bin through the sixth conveying device, and the feeding port of the fourth storage bin is connected with the fifth conveying device.
The flue gas outlet of the continuous high-temperature furnace is connected with the inlet of the purifying equipment, and the flue gas outlet of the purifying equipment is connected with the inlet of the chimney.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages and effects:
the invention evenly mixes the crushed waste cathode and biomass waste, heats the mixed waste cathode and biomass waste in a continuous high-temperature furnace, so that cyanide in the waste cathode is decomposed and volatilized, and enters smoke and fluoride ions along with the smoke to enter a purification system, the biomass waste is carbonized to adjust the carbon content of the product, and the fluoride-containing furnace gas recovers fluoride salt according to the physical and chemical properties of the fluoride-containing furnace gas.
The complete set of system has ultra-low discharge of water and gas pollutants reaching the standard, is environment-friendly and reaches the standard, and can effectively improve the harmless treatment efficiency of the waste cathode carbon blocks and maximize the resource recovery. The invention realizes harmless and recycling utilization of the waste cathode, effectively utilizes biomass energy, can replace or partially replace metallurgical aggregates such as coke, petroleum coke, calcined anthracite, graphite dust and the like, cathode and anode for aluminum and aggregate for producing electrode paste, and biomass tar produced in the treatment process is mixed into anode coke after 30-90 minutes of high-temperature distillation to produce qualified carbon anode, thereby not only recycling the waste cathode, but also saving non-renewable resources such as coke, petroleum coke, calcined anthracite and graphite dust, effectively utilizing materials produced in the production process, not producing secondary pollution, and realizing environment-friendly standard-reaching treatment and meeting the national latest environmental protection standard and technical specification requirements.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a first crushing device; 2. a first conveying device; 3. a first bin; 4. continuous high temperature furnace inlet mixing equipment; 5. a continuous high temperature furnace; 6. a continuous high temperature furnace outlet; 7. a cooling device; 8. a purifying device; 9. a chimney; 10. a second conveying device; 11. a second bin; 12. a third conveying device; 13. a second crushing device; 14. a first drying device; 15. a biomass particle collection device; 16. a fourth conveying device; 17. a third bin; 18. a fifth conveying device; 19. a fourth stock bin; 20. a sixth conveying device; 21. mixing equipment; 22. a seventh conveying apparatus; 23. a molding machine; 24. an eighth conveying apparatus; 25. a second drying device; 26. and a ninth conveying device.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The methods in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the percentages in the following examples are mass percentages.
Example 1
The invention relates to a recycling treatment method of aluminum electrolysis waste cathodes, which is characterized in that waste cathodes are taken to be placed into first crushing equipment for crushing, the crushed carbon block particles with the granularity less than or equal to 10mm are conveyed into continuous high-temperature furnace inlet mixing equipment, biomass waste is placed into a second crusher for crushing to biomass particles with the granularity less than or equal to 10mm, the biomass particles are conveyed into drying equipment for drying until the moisture content is less than 10%, the dried biomass particles are conveyed into continuous high-temperature furnace inlet mixing equipment, mixed materials of the biomass particles and the carbon block particles after mixing are heated in a continuous high-temperature furnace for heat preservation of 60 minutes at 1500 ℃, then the mixed materials are cooled to normal temperature to obtain mixed carbon materials, the mixed carbon materials and biomass adhesive are added into the mixing equipment for mixing, the mixed materials are conveyed into a forming machine for forming, and the formed materials are dried to obtain the carbon materials, and the mass ratio of the waste cathodes, the biomass waste materials and the biomass adhesive is 100:10:1.
The formed carbon material with different specifications and shapes can be used for replacing or partially replacing metallurgical, aluminum anode and cathode electrodes such as coke, petroleum coke, calcined anthracite, broken graphite and the like, and the aggregate for producing electrode paste.
The flue gas of the continuous high-temperature furnace is purified and then discharged into a chimney, biomass tar recovered by the purifying equipment is distilled for 60 minutes at 900 ℃ to obtain coke which is doped into anode coke for producing qualified carbon anodes.
The biomass waste used in this example was either forestry waste or wood waste.
Example 2
The invention relates to a recycling treatment method of aluminum electrolysis waste cathodes, which is characterized in that waste cathodes are taken to be placed into first crushing equipment for crushing, the crushed carbon block particles are crushed to carbon block particles with the granularity less than or equal to 10mm, the crushed carbon block particles are conveyed into continuous high-temperature furnace inlet mixing equipment, biomass waste is placed into a second crusher for crushing to biomass particles with the granularity less than or equal to 10mm, the biomass particles are conveyed into drying equipment for drying until the moisture is less than 10%, the dried biomass particles are conveyed into continuous high-temperature furnace inlet mixing equipment for mixing, the mixed materials of the biomass particles and the carbon block particles are heated to 2000 ℃ for 30 minutes in the continuous high-temperature furnace, then the mixed materials are cooled to normal temperature to obtain mixed carbon materials, the mixed carbon materials and biomass adhesives are added into the mixing equipment for mixing, the mixed materials are conveyed into a forming machine for forming, the formed materials are dried to obtain the carbon materials, and the mass ratio of the waste cathodes, the biomass waste materials and the biomass adhesives is 100:70:3.
The formed carbon material with different specifications and shapes can be used for replacing or partially replacing metallurgical, aluminum anode and cathode electrodes such as coke, petroleum coke, calcined anthracite, broken graphite and the like, and the aggregate for producing electrode paste.
The flue gas of the continuous high-temperature furnace is purified and then discharged into a chimney, biomass tar recovered by the purifying equipment is distilled at 1000 ℃ for 30 minutes, and the obtained coke is doped into anode coke to be used for producing qualified carbon anodes.
The biomass waste used in this example was livestock manure or waste from animal husbandry production.
Example 3
The invention relates to a recycling treatment method of aluminum electrolysis waste cathodes, which is characterized in that waste cathodes are taken to be placed into first crushing equipment for crushing, the crushed carbon block particles are crushed to be less than or equal to 10mm in granularity, the crushed carbon block particles are conveyed into continuous high-temperature furnace inlet mixing equipment, biomass waste is placed into a second crusher for crushing to be less than or equal to 10mm in granularity, the biomass particles are conveyed into drying equipment for drying until the moisture is less than 10%, the dried biomass particles are conveyed into continuous high-temperature furnace inlet mixing equipment, mixed materials of the biomass particles and the carbon block particles after mixing are heated to 2500 ℃ in the continuous high-temperature furnace for 45 minutes, then the mixed materials are cooled to normal temperature to obtain a mixed carbon material, the mixed carbon material and a biomass adhesive are added into the mixing equipment for mixing, the mixed materials are conveyed into a forming machine for forming, and the formed materials are dried to obtain the carbon material, and the mass ratio of the waste cathodes, the biomass waste materials and the biomass adhesive is 100:20:4.
The formed carbon material with different specifications and shapes can be used for replacing or partially replacing metallurgical, aluminum anode and cathode electrodes such as coke, petroleum coke, calcined anthracite, broken graphite and the like, and the aggregate for producing electrode paste.
The flue gas of the continuous high-temperature furnace is purified and then discharged into a chimney, biomass tar recovered by the purifying equipment is distilled for 70 minutes at 850 ℃ to obtain coke which is doped into anode coke for producing qualified carbon anodes.
The biomass waste used in this example is straw or tree in agriculture and forestry production.
Example 4
The invention relates to a recycling treatment method of aluminum electrolysis waste cathodes, which is characterized in that waste cathodes are taken to be placed into first crushing equipment for crushing, the crushed carbon block particles are crushed to be less than or equal to 10mm in granularity, the crushed carbon block particles are conveyed into continuous high-temperature furnace inlet mixing equipment, biomass waste is placed into a second crusher for crushing to be less than or equal to 10mm in granularity, the biomass particles are conveyed into drying equipment for drying until the moisture is less than 10%, the dried biomass particles are conveyed into continuous high-temperature furnace inlet mixing equipment, mixed materials of the biomass particles and the carbon block particles after mixing are heated to 2200 ℃ for 55 minutes in a continuous high-temperature furnace, then the mixed materials are cooled to normal temperature to obtain a mixed carbon material, the mixed carbon material and a biomass adhesive are added into the mixing equipment for mixing, the mixed materials are conveyed into a forming machine for forming, and the formed materials are dried to obtain the carbon material, and the mass ratio of the waste cathodes, the biomass waste materials and the biomass adhesive is 100:60:5.
The formed carbon material with different specifications and shapes can be used for replacing or partially replacing metallurgical, aluminum anode and cathode electrodes such as coke, petroleum coke, calcined anthracite, broken graphite and the like, and the aggregate for producing electrode paste.
The flue gas of the continuous high-temperature furnace is purified and then discharged into a chimney, biomass tar recovered by the purifying equipment is distilled for 50 minutes at 950 ℃, and the obtained coke is doped into anode coke to be used for producing qualified carbon anodes.
The biomass waste used in this example was lignocellulose from the agriculture and forestry production process.
Example 5
The invention relates to a recycling treatment method of aluminum electrolysis waste cathodes, which is characterized in that waste cathodes are taken to be placed into first crushing equipment for crushing, the crushed carbon block particles are crushed to be less than or equal to 10mm in granularity, the crushed carbon block particles are conveyed into continuous high-temperature furnace inlet mixing equipment, biomass waste is placed into a second crusher for crushing to be less than or equal to 10mm in granularity, the biomass particles are conveyed into drying equipment for drying until the moisture is less than 10%, the dried biomass particles are conveyed into continuous high-temperature furnace inlet mixing equipment, mixed materials of the biomass particles and the carbon block particles after mixing are heated to 1800 ℃ for 35 minutes in the continuous high-temperature furnace, then the mixed materials are cooled to normal temperature to obtain mixed carbon materials, the mixed carbon materials and biomass adhesive are added into the mixing equipment for mixing, the mixed materials are conveyed into a forming machine for forming, and the formed materials are dried to obtain the carbon materials, and the mass ratio of the waste cathodes, the biomass waste materials and the biomass adhesive is 100:30:2.
The formed carbon material with different specifications and shapes can be used for replacing or partially replacing metallurgical, aluminum anode and cathode electrodes such as coke, petroleum coke, calcined anthracite, broken graphite and the like, and the aggregate for producing electrode paste.
The flue gas of the continuous high-temperature furnace is purified and then discharged into a chimney, biomass tar recovered by the purifying equipment is distilled for 40 minutes at 980 ℃ to obtain coke which is doped into anode coke for producing qualified carbon anodes.
The biomass waste used in this example was lignocellulose from the agriculture and forestry production process.
As shown in FIG. 1, the invention relates to an aluminum electrolysis waste cathode recycling treatment system, which has the following structure: the discharge end of the first crushing equipment 1 is connected with the feed end of the continuous high-temperature furnace 5, the discharge end of the second crushing equipment 13 is connected with the feed end of the continuous high-temperature furnace 5, the material outlet of the continuous high-temperature furnace 5 is connected with the feed inlet of the cooling equipment 7, the discharge end of the cooling equipment 7 is connected with the feed end of the mixing equipment 21, the discharge end of the mixing equipment 21 is connected with the feed end of the forming machine 23, and the mixing equipment 21 is provided with a biomass adhesive feed inlet.
In order to achieve the aim of improving the working efficiency, a discharge hole of the first crushing device 1 sequentially passes through the first conveying device 2, the first storage bin 3 and the continuous high-temperature furnace inlet mixing device 4 to be connected with the continuous high-temperature furnace 5, a discharge hole of the second crushing device 13 sequentially passes through the first drying device 14, the biomass particle collecting device 15 and the fourth conveying device 16, the third storage bin 17, the continuous high-temperature furnace inlet mixing device 4 is connected with the continuous high-temperature furnace 5, a discharge hole of the cooling device 7 sequentially passes through the second conveying device 10, the second storage bin 11 and the third conveying device 12 to be connected with a feed hole of the mixing device 21, a discharge hole of the mixing device 21 is connected with a feed hole of the forming machine 23 through the seventh conveying device 22, a discharge hole of the forming machine 23 is connected with a feed hole of the second drying device 25 through the eighth conveying device 24, a biomass adhesive feed hole of the mixing device 21 is connected with a discharge hole of the fourth storage bin 19 through the sixth conveying device 20, and a feed hole of the fourth storage bin 19 is connected with the fifth conveying device 18.
In order to achieve the purpose of purifying and recycling dust, the flue gas outlet of the continuous high-temperature furnace 5 is connected with the inlet of the purifying device 8, and the flue gas outlet of the purifying device 8 is connected with the inlet of the chimney 9.
The following specific apparatuses are preferably used as the above-mentioned apparatuses, but this is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and as long as the purpose of each apparatus is achieved, the above-mentioned high-temperature carbonization apparatus 17 uses a high-temperature carbonization furnace, the first crushing apparatus 1 uses a jaw crusher and the second crushing apparatus 13 uses a wood crusher; the first conveying equipment 2, the second conveying equipment 10 and the fifth conveying equipment 18 all adopt bucket elevators; the third conveying device 12, the fourth conveying device 16, the sixth conveying device 20 and the seventh conveying device 22 all adopt screw conveyors; the eighth conveying device 24 and the ninth conveying device 26 are both plate-chain conveyors; the first bin 3, the second bin 11, the third bin 17 and the fourth bin 19 are all steel bins; the cooling device 7 adopts a cooling conveyor; the purifying equipment 8 adopts an electric bag composite dust collector; the first drying device 14 and the second drying device 25 are both dryers; the biomass particle collecting device 15 adopts a cyclone dust collector; the mixing device 21 adopts a wheel mill type mixer; a molding machine 23 extrusion molding machine; the continuous high-temperature furnace inlet mixing device 4 adopts a stirring mixer. The biomass adhesive is an adhesive prepared from plants, animals, excreta and the like as raw materials.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: after the waste cathode and the biomass waste are crushed in the process and then are mixed by continuous high-temperature furnace inlet mixing equipment, the mixed waste cathode and biomass waste are heated in a continuous high-temperature furnace 5 to carry out modification reaction, cyanide in the waste cathode is decomposed and volatilized to enter smoke and fluoride ions along with the smoke to enter a purification system, the biomass waste is carbonized to adjust the carbon content of a product, fluoride-containing furnace gas is recycled into fluoride salt according to the physical and chemical-properties of the fluoride-containing furnace gas, tail gas is treated to reach the emission standard, biomass tar generated in the treatment process is distilled at a high temperature of 800-1000 ℃ for 30-90 minutes, and the obtained coke is doped into anode coke to be used for producing qualified carbon anode; according to different adding proportions of the waste cathode and the biomass waste, the novel carbon materials with different qualities can be prepared, and the mass ratio of the waste cathode to the biomass waste to the biomass adhesive is 100:10-70:1-5 (the following indexes are only parts, and different products can be prepared according to different proportions and different requirements):
index of carbon material prepared in examples 1-5: the content of fixed C is more than or equal to 90%, the volatile component is less than or equal to 5.5%, the ash content is less than or equal to 3.5%, the moisture content is less than or equal to 1%, and the density can be pressed into 1.4-1.8 g/cm according to different substituted products 3 . The density of the novel carbon material is improved, the resistivity is reduced, and the thermal expansion coefficient of the novel carbon material is further reduced after drying.
The complete set of system has ultra-low discharge of water and gas pollutants reaching the standard, is environment-friendly and reaches the standard, and can effectively improve the harmless treatment efficiency of the waste cathode carbon blocks and maximize the resource recovery. The invention realizes harmless and recycling utilization of the waste cathode, effectively utilizes biomass energy, can replace or partially replace metallurgical aggregates such as coke, petroleum coke, calcined anthracite, graphite dust and the like, cathode and anode for aluminum and aggregate for producing electrode paste, and biomass tar produced in the treatment process is mixed into anode coke after 30-90 minutes of high-temperature distillation to produce qualified carbon anode, thereby not only recycling the waste cathode, but also saving non-renewable resources such as coke, petroleum coke, anthracite and graphite dust, effectively utilizing materials produced in the production process, not producing secondary pollution, and meeting the national latest environmental protection standard and technical specification requirements.

Claims (3)

1. The method for recycling the aluminum electrolysis waste cathode is characterized in that the discharge end of a first crushing device (1) is connected with the feed end of a continuous high-temperature furnace (5), the discharge end of a second crushing device (13) is connected with the feed end of the continuous high-temperature furnace (5), the material outlet of the continuous high-temperature furnace (5) is connected with the feed inlet of a cooling device (7), the discharge end of the cooling device (7) is connected with the feed end of a mixing device (21), the discharge end of the mixing device (21) is connected with the feed end of a forming machine (23), and the mixing device (21) is provided with a biomass adhesive feed inlet; the discharge port of the first crushing equipment (1) is connected with the continuous high-temperature furnace (5) through the first conveying equipment (2), the first storage bin (3) and the continuous high-temperature furnace inlet mixing equipment (4) in sequence; the discharge port of the second crushing device (13) is connected with the continuous high-temperature furnace (5) through the first drying device (14), the biomass particle collecting device (15), the fourth conveying device (16), the third storage bin (17) and the continuous high-temperature furnace inlet mixing device (4) in sequence; the discharge port of the cooling device (7) is connected with the feed port of the mixing device (21) sequentially through the second conveying device (10), the second storage bin (11) and the third conveying device (12), and the discharge port of the mixing device (21) is connected with the feed port of the forming machine (23) through the seventh conveying device (22); the discharge port of the forming machine (23) is connected with the feed port of the second drying equipment (25) through an eighth conveying equipment (24), and the discharge port of the second drying equipment (25) is connected with a ninth conveying equipment (26); the biomass adhesive feeding port of the mixing device (21) is connected with the discharging port of a fourth storage bin (19) through a sixth conveying device (20), and the feeding port of the fourth storage bin (19) is connected with a fifth conveying device (18);
the method comprises the following steps: crushing a waste cathode to obtain carbon block particles, conveying the crushed carbon block particles to continuous high-temperature furnace inlet mixing equipment, crushing biomass waste, drying, conveying the dried biomass particles to continuous high-temperature furnace inlet mixing equipment, heating the mixed material of the biomass particles and the carbon block particles in a continuous high-temperature furnace for 1500-2600 ℃ for 30-60 minutes, cooling to normal temperature to obtain a mixed carbon material, adding the mixed carbon material and a biomass adhesive into the mixing equipment, mixing, conveying the mixed material to a forming machine for forming, and drying the formed material to obtain the carbon material; the flue gas of the continuous high-temperature furnace is purified and discharged through a chimney, and the biomass tar recovered by the purifying equipment is distilled at the high temperature of 800-1000 ℃ for 30-90 minutes to obtain coke, and the coke is doped into anode coke to be used for producing qualified carbon anodes.
2. The method for recycling the waste cathode for aluminum electrolysis according to claim 1, wherein the waste cathode is crushed into carbon block particles with the granularity less than or equal to 10mm, and the biomass waste is crushed into biomass particles with the granularity less than or equal to 10 mm.
3. The method for recycling the aluminum electrolysis waste cathode according to claim 1, wherein the flue gas outlet of the continuous high-temperature furnace (5) is connected with the inlet of the purifying device (8), and the flue gas outlet of the purifying device (8) is connected with the inlet of the chimney (9).
CN201810194047.4A 2018-03-09 2018-03-09 Method and system for recycling aluminum electrolysis waste cathode Active CN108264351B (en)

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