CN108254787B - Wave travel time obtaining method and device and imaging method and device - Google Patents

Wave travel time obtaining method and device and imaging method and device Download PDF

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CN108254787B
CN108254787B CN201810096175.5A CN201810096175A CN108254787B CN 108254787 B CN108254787 B CN 108254787B CN 201810096175 A CN201810096175 A CN 201810096175A CN 108254787 B CN108254787 B CN 108254787B
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travel time
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preset model
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CN108254787A (en
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王真理
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Beijing Zhongke Geological Energy Technology Co., Ltd.
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
    • G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
    • G01V1/30—Analysis
    • G01V1/303—Analysis for determining velocity profiles or travel times
    • G01V1/305—Travel times
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
    • G01V2210/40—Transforming data representation
    • G01V2210/48—Other transforms
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
    • G01V2210/60—Analysis
    • G01V2210/62—Physical property of subsurface
    • G01V2210/622—Velocity, density or impedance
    • G01V2210/6222—Velocity; travel time

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  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
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Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a method for acquiring travel time of waves, which comprises the following steps: obtaining a horizontal distance from the first point to the second point; inputting the horizontal distance into a first preset model to obtain ray parameters of the wave between a first point and a second point; inputting the ray parameters into a second preset model to obtain the travel time of the wave from the first point to the second point; wherein the first preset model is obtained by at least once Shanks transformation on wave propagation distance polynomial, and/or the second preset model is obtained by at least once Shanks transformation on wave propagation time polynomial. Because any one of the first preset model and the second preset model is obtained by at least once Shanks transformation according to the corresponding polynomial, the first preset model and/or the second preset model obtained by the Shanks transformation have higher precision and convergence speed, and compared with the result obtained according to the original calculation formula, the result has higher precision and shorter calculation time, and can meet the requirements of geological exploration.

Description

Wave travel time obtaining method and device and imaging method and device
The present application claims priority of chinese patent application entitled "method and apparatus for obtaining travel time of wave, imaging method and apparatus" filed by chinese patent office on 31/10/2017 under application number 201711047776.9, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geological exploration, in particular to a travel time obtaining method and device of waves and an imaging method and device.
Background
The travel time of a wave refers to the time required for the wave to travel from the source to the observation point. For example, seismic wave mapping, as used in the field of geological exploration, the travel time of a seismic wave refers to the time required for the seismic wave to travel from a shot point (i.e., a seismic source point) to an imaging point (i.e., an observation point). In actual production, the travel time, waveform and energy of seismic waves are recorded by a ground sensor, and the underground structure is inverted according to the record to estimate the real position of an underground geologic body and the physical properties of underground rocks. According to the inverted underground structure, the underground oil-gas content can be presumed, and data support is provided for the exploration of oil-gas resources.
However, the existing travel time calculation method generally estimates the result of the travel time calculation polynomial, and has a large error, and in some scenes with high travel time precision requirements, such as interlayer description by diffraction and deep layer large offset observation, the travel time error can seriously affect the results of imaging and velocity analysis, so that the accuracy and precision of the results cannot meet the requirements of geological exploration.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above background, the present invention provides a method and an apparatus for obtaining travel time of seismic waves, and a method and an apparatus for mapping underground results, which can solve the problem in the prior art that geological observation results cannot meet exploration requirements due to travel time calculation errors.
The method for acquiring the travel time of the wave provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
obtaining a horizontal distance from the first point to the second point;
inputting the horizontal distance into a first preset model to obtain ray parameters of the wave between the first point and the second point;
inputting the ray parameters into a second preset model to obtain the travel time of the wave transmitted from the first point to the second point;
the first preset model is obtained by performing at least one Shanks transformation on a wave propagation distance polynomial, and the second preset model is a wave propagation time polynomial;
or, the first preset model is a wave propagation distance polynomial, and the second preset model is obtained by performing at least one Shanks transformation on the wave propagation time polynomial;
or the first preset model is obtained by performing at least one Shanks transformation on the wave propagation distance polynomial, and the second preset model is obtained by performing at least one Shanks transformation on the wave propagation time polynomial.
Alternatively to this, the first and second parts may,
the first preset model is obtained by performing at least one Shanks transformation on a wave propagation distance polynomial, and specifically comprises the following steps:
when the propagation distance polynomial of the wave comprises at least four terms, obtaining the first preset model by twice Shanks transformation of the propagation distance polynomial of the wave;
the second preset model is obtained by performing at least one Shanks transformation on a wave propagation time polynomial, and specifically comprises the following steps:
when the wave propagation time polynomial includes at least four terms, the wave propagation time polynomial is subjected to twice Shanks transforms to obtain the second preset model.
Alternatively to this, the first and second parts may,
propagation distance polynomial of the waveIn particular according to the formula of the propagation distance of the waveObtaining the product after polynomial expansion;
time of flight polynomial of the waveIn particular according to the formula of the propagation time of the waveObtaining the product after polynomial expansion;
wherein x is the horizontal distance of wave propagation, t is the travel time of the wave, aiAnd bjAre all coefficient, t0For the time correction parameters, m and n are integers greater than 2, p is the radial parameter of the wave, and v is the velocity of the wave.
Alternatively to this, the first and second parts may,
when m is 3, the first threshold model obtained by performing a once-through Shanks transform on the wave propagation distance polynomial is specifically:
when n is 4, the second threshold model obtained by performing a once-Shanks transform on the wave propagation time polynomial is specifically:
the imaging method provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
traversing all imaging points in the imaging area, and obtaining a first travel time and a second travel time corresponding to each imaging point by using the wave travel time obtaining method in the embodiment; the first travel time is the travel time of the wave transmitted from the seismic source point to the imaging point, and the second travel time is the travel time of the reflected wave transmitted from the imaging point to the wave detection point;
and inverting the underground structure of the imaging area based on the corresponding first travel time and second travel time of all the imaging points to obtain the underground structure chart of the imaging area.
The embodiment of the invention provides a device for acquiring travel time of waves, which comprises: the device comprises an acquisition module, a first calculation module and a second calculation module;
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the horizontal distance from the first point to the second point;
the first calculation module is used for inputting the horizontal distance obtained by the acquisition module into a first preset model to obtain ray parameters of the wave between the first point and the second point;
the second calculation module is used for inputting the ray parameters obtained by the first calculation module into a second preset model to obtain the travel time of the wave from the first point to the second point;
the first preset model is obtained by performing at least one Shanks transformation on a wave propagation distance polynomial, and the second preset model is a wave propagation time polynomial;
or, the first preset model is a wave propagation distance polynomial, and the second preset model is obtained by performing at least one Shanks transformation on the wave propagation time polynomial;
or the first preset model is obtained by performing at least one Shanks transformation on the wave propagation distance polynomial, and the second preset model is obtained by performing at least one Shanks transformation on the wave propagation time polynomial.
An imaging apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes: a travel time calculation module and an imaging module;
the travel time calculation module is configured to traverse all imaging points in the imaging region, and obtain a first travel time and a second travel time corresponding to each imaging point by using the wave travel time obtaining method described in the above embodiment; the first travel time is the travel time of the wave transmitted from the seismic source point to the imaging point, and the second travel time is the travel time of the reflected wave transmitted from the imaging point to the wave detection point;
the imaging module is used for inverting the underground structure of the imaging area based on the first travel time and the second travel time corresponding to the imaging point obtained by the travel time calculation module to obtain the underground structure diagram of the imaging area.
The embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, where instructions are stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when the instructions are run on a terminal device, the terminal device is enabled to execute the wave travel time obtaining method described in the foregoing embodiment.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a terminal device, including: a memory and a processor;
the memory for storing program code;
the processor is configured to obtain the program code and execute the wave travel time obtaining method according to the above embodiment.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following advantages:
in the embodiment of the invention, after the horizontal distance between the first point and the second point is obtained, the horizontal distance is input into the first preset model to obtain the ray parameters of the wave between the first point and the second point, and then the ray parameters are input into the second preset model to obtain the travel time of the wave from the first point to the second point. Because any one of the first preset model and the second preset model is obtained by at least once Shanks transformation according to the original calculation formula, the first preset model and/or the second preset model obtained by the Shanks transformation has lower order and higher precision and convergence speed than the original calculation formula, the obtained ray parameters and/or travel time have higher precision and shorter calculation time than the result obtained according to the original calculation formula, and the travel time calculation can meet the requirements of high precision and high speed required by geological exploration.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for acquiring travel time of a wave according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of an imaging method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3a is a schematic diagram of an underground structure obtained by a conventional travel time calculation method;
FIG. 3b is a schematic diagram of a subsurface structure obtained by an imaging method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a wave travel time obtaining device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an imaging device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the method and the apparatus for obtaining travel time of waves provided by the embodiments of the present invention may be used to obtain travel time of seismic waves, and may also be used to obtain travel time of waves in other forms, such as light waves, radar waves, and sound waves. For convenience of understanding, the following description will be given in detail by taking seismic waves as an example, and the travel time obtaining method of other types of waves is similar to that of seismic waves, which is specifically referred to for relevant description, and is not repeated here.
The travel time of seismic waves refers to the time required for the seismic waves to propagate from one point to another point, and generally, the travel time, the waveform and the energy of the seismic waves are recorded by using a ground sensor, and then the underground real geological structure is inverted according to the recorded data to determine the real position of a geologic body. Furthermore, the physical properties (such as density, Poisson's ratio and the like) of the underground rock can be obtained by inversion according to the travel time, the seismic waveform and the amplitude. In practical application, an underground structure is generally inverted based on a vertical axis symmetric transverse homogeneous (VTI) medium, and when the travel time of seismic waves in the VTI medium is known, the difference between a real geological structure and the VTI medium is obtained according to the difference between the travel time of an imaging point at a corresponding position in the VTI medium and the travel time obtained through actual calculation, so that the real geological structure of the imaging point is obtained through inversion. One specific application of seismic travel time is to predict the oil and gas content of the underground medium and provide data support for the exploration of oil and gas resources. How to accurately calculate the travel time of seismic waves and further accurately invert underground oil-gas resources is the key of oil-gas resource exploration.
The existing travel time calculation formula suitable for homogeneous, isotropic and layered media is shown as the following formula (1),
wherein t is seismic wave travel time; vrmsThe root mean square velocity of the seismic waves; c. C3And c4Etc. are coefficients; x is the horizontal propagation distance of the seismic waves; t is t0The time correction parameter is typically the vertical travel time of the seismic wave. At present, in order to obtain a more accurate seismic travel time, the travel time of the seismic wave is generally approximated by using the first three terms in equation (1), that is, equation (3) below.
However, in the above travel time calculation process, structural differences between the underground layers are ignored, the influence of the propagation path of the seismic wave on the travel time calculation is not considered, and the method is only applicable to travel time calculation of the reflected wave (such as the reflected wave propagating from an imaging point to a wave detection point), and the result is inaccurate and has a small application range.
In order to obtain a more accurate travel time calculation result, the travel time of the seismic waves is related to a propagation path in a VTI medium, and a more accurate seismic wave travel time calculation method with a wider application range is obtained according to the relationship between the travel time and the propagation path.
Specifically, the parameters describing the propagation path of the seismic waves, i.e. the ray parameters p of the seismic waves, are shown in the following formula (3),
where θ is an angle between a propagation path of the seismic wave and a vertical axis perpendicular to the ground, and v is a layer velocity of the seismic wave (i.e., a velocity of the wave). The method for calculating the travel time of the seismic wave in the VTI medium based on the seismic wave propagation path is as the following formula (4) and formula (5),
however, in order to obtain an accurate travel time result, the travel time calculation method needs huge calculation data amount and long calculation time, and cannot well meet the requirement of geological exploration. If the polynomial expansion is carried out on the formula (4) and the formula (5), only the first terms are calculated to improve the calculation speed, and the accuracy of the obtained travel time calculation result cannot meet the requirement of high accuracy in geological exploration.
Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides a method and a device for acquiring the travel time of the seismic wave, and a method and a device for mapping underground results, wherein the equations (4) and (5) are reduced by using the Shanks transformation, so that the accuracy and the speed of travel time calculation are improved, and the travel time calculation method meets the requirements in geological exploration at present.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, embodiments accompanying the drawings are described in detail below.
Referring to fig. 1, the figure is a schematic flow chart of a method for obtaining travel time of a wave according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The method for acquiring the travel time of the wave provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps S101-S103.
S101: a horizontal distance from the first point to the second point is obtained.
In embodiments of the present invention, the first and second points may be a seismic source point (i.e., shot point) and an imaging point, respectively, or the first and second points may be an imaging point and a geophone point (i.e., at a surface sensor), respectively. That is, the obtained horizontal distance may be a horizontal distance from the source point to the imaging point, or may be a horizontal distance from the imaging point to the detector point.
S102: and inputting the horizontal distance from the first point to the second point into a first preset model to obtain a ray parameter p of the wave between the first point and the second point.
It can be understood that the first preset model is a corresponding relation between a horizontal distance and a ray parameter p of a wave, and the ray parameter p corresponding to the horizontal distance, namely the ray parameter p of the wave (seismic wave) between the first point and the second point, can be obtained by inputting the horizontal distance from the first point to the second point into the first preset model.
S103: and (4) inputting the ray parameters obtained in the step (S102) into a second preset model to obtain the travel time of the wave from the first point to the second point.
It is understood that the above steps S101-S103 may be used to obtain the travel time of the seismic wave propagating from the seismic source point to the imaging point, and may also be used to obtain the travel time of the seismic wave propagating to the geophone point after being reflected by the imaging point.
Correspondingly, if the method is used for obtaining travel time of the seismic wave from the seismic source point to the imaging point, the first point and the second point are the seismic source point and the imaging point respectively, the horizontal distance obtained in the step S101 is the horizontal distance from the seismic source point to the imaging point, the horizontal distance from the seismic source point to the imaging point is input into the first preset model in the step S102, ray parameters of the seismic wave between the seismic source point and the imaging point are obtained, and the travel time of the seismic wave transmitted from the seismic source point to the imaging point is obtained after the ray parameters of the seismic wave between the seismic source point and the imaging point are input into the second preset model in the step S103.
Similarly, if the travel time of the reflected wave of the seismic wave from the imaging point to the geophone point is obtained, the first point and the second point are the imaging point and the geophone point respectively, the horizontal distance obtained in step S101 is the horizontal distance from the imaging point to the geophone point, in step S102, the horizontal distance is the horizontal distance from the imaging point to the geophone point and is input into the first preset model, and then the ray parameter of the seismic wave between the imaging point and the geophone point is obtained, and in step S103, the travel time of the reflected wave of the seismic wave after being reflected by the imaging point and propagating from the imaging point to the geophone point is obtained after the ray parameter of the seismic wave between the imaging point and the geophone point is input into the second preset model.
It can be understood that the second preset model is a corresponding relationship between the ray parameter p and the travel time of the wave, and the travel time of the seismic wave propagating from the first point to the second point can be obtained by inputting the ray parameter p obtained in the step S102 into the second preset model.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the first preset model and the second preset model have at least the following three possible implementations:
in a first possible implementation manner, the first preset model is obtained by performing at least one Shanks transform on a wave propagation distance polynomial, and the second preset model is a wave propagation time polynomial.
In a second possible implementation manner, the first preset model is a wave propagation distance polynomial, and the second preset model is obtained by performing at least one Shanks transform on the wave propagation time polynomial.
In a third possible implementation manner, the first preset model is obtained by performing at least one Shanks transform on a wave propagation distance polynomial, and the second preset model is obtained by performing at least one Shanks transform on a wave propagation time polynomial.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the wave propagation distance polynomial can be developed according to the above equation (5), and can be simplified to the following equation (6),
wherein, aiIs a coefficient, m is an integer greater than 2.
As an example, the propagation distance polynomial of the wave may be specifically as in the following equation (7),
wherein,is the k-th power term of the layer velocity of the seismic waves, and k is an even number greater than 0; o (p)7) Indicating that the higher-order terms of the ray parameter p are ignored.
The wave propagation time polynomial can be developed from the above equation (4) and can be simplified to the following equation (8),
wherein, t0The time correction parameter can be the travel time of the seismic waves from the first point to the vertical ground; bjIs a coefficient, n is an integer greater than 2.
As an example, the wave propagation time polynomial may be specifically as in the following equation (9),
in the same way, the method for preparing the composite material,is the k-th power term of the layer velocity of the seismic waves, and k is an even number greater than 0; o (p)7) Indicating that the higher-order terms of the ray parameter p are ignored.
Any one of the first preset model and the second preset model adopted for obtaining the travel time is obtained by carrying out at least one Shanks transformation on the original calculation formulas, namely the above formulas (4) and (5). The formula after the Shanks transformation has lower order than the original formula and has higher precision and convergence rate. Therefore, the ray parameters and/or travel time of the seismic waves obtained by the formula obtained after the Shanks transformation adopted in any one of the step S102 and/or the step S103 have higher precision. And because the order of the formula is reduced, the convergence rate is higher, and the calculation time is shorter, the travel time calculation method is more suitable for the geological exploration requirement.
In the embodiment of the invention, after the horizontal distance between the first point and the second point is obtained, the horizontal distance is input into the first preset model to obtain the ray parameters of the wave between the first point and the second point, and then the ray parameters are input into the second preset model to obtain the travel time of the wave from the first point to the second point. Because any one of the first preset model and the second preset model is obtained by at least once Shanks transformation according to the original calculation formula, the first preset model and/or the second preset model obtained by the Shanks transformation has lower order and higher precision and convergence speed than the original calculation formula, the obtained ray parameters and/or travel time have higher precision and shorter calculation time than the result obtained according to the original calculation formula, and the travel time calculation can meet the requirements of high precision and high speed required by geological exploration.
In some possible implementation manners of the embodiment of the present invention, the first preset model is obtained by performing at least one Shanks transform on a wave propagation distance polynomial, and specifically includes: when the wave propagation distance polynomial comprises at least four terms, the wave propagation distance polynomial is subjected to two Shanks transformations to obtain a first preset model. The second preset model is obtained by at least once Shanks transformation of a wave propagation time polynomial and specifically comprises the following steps: when the wave propagation time polynomial comprises at least four terms, the wave propagation time polynomial is subjected to twice Shanks transformations to obtain a second preset model.
It is understood that in some occasions where higher accuracy is required, the travel time of the wave may also be obtained by using the original calculation formula, i.e. the higher-order Shanks transformation formula of the above formula (4) and/or formula (5), i.e. the polynomial obtained by once Shanks transformation on the above formula (4) and/or formula (5) and the polynomial obtained by once again at least once Shanks transformation.
The Shanks transform is described below:
assume a polynomial as follows
The finite terms are summed as follows
Then, the γ -th term of the polynomial obtained by once Shanks transformation of equation (11) is as follows
Based on this, in a possible implementation manner of the present invention, when m in the above equation (6) is equal to 3, the propagation distance polynomial of the wave, that is, the first threshold model obtained by performing a Shanks transform on equation (7), is specifically:
when the above expression (8) n is 4, the second threshold model obtained by performing a Shanks transform on the wave propagation time polynomial, that is, the expression (9), is specifically:
based on the method for obtaining the travel time of the wave provided by the embodiment, the embodiment of the invention also provides an imaging method.
Referring to fig. 2, the flowchart of an imaging method according to an embodiment of the present invention is schematically shown.
The imaging method provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps S201-S202.
S201: and traversing all the imaging points in the imaging area, and obtaining the first travel time and the second travel time corresponding to each imaging point by using the method for obtaining the travel time of the wave provided by the embodiment.
The first travel time is the travel time of the wave transmitted from the seismic source point to the imaging point, and the second travel time is the travel time of the reflected wave after the wave is reflected by the imaging point and transmitted from the imaging point to the wave detection point.
It can be understood that, for the obtained descriptions of the travel time, reference may be made to the specific descriptions of the above embodiments, and details are not described here.
S202: and inverting the underground structure of the imaging area based on the corresponding first travel time and second travel time of all the imaging points to obtain the underground structure chart of the imaging area.
In practical application, the underground real structure may be inverted based on the VTI medium, and any inversion method may be specifically adopted, which is not described herein again.
In the embodiment of the application, the calculation accuracy of the travel time of the wave is higher, so that the imaging result obtained by inversion has more detailed characteristics, and the requirement of high accuracy in geological exploration can be met.
In one embodiment, fig. 3a is a schematic diagram of a subsurface structure obtained by inversion using an existing travel time calculation method, and fig. 3b is a schematic diagram of a subsurface structure obtained by inversion using an imaging method provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Comparing fig. 3a and fig. 3b, it can be seen that fig. 3b has more details than fig. 3a, and the imaging effect of the steep dip angle in fig. 3b is obviously better than that of fig. 3a, and better meets the requirement of high precision in geological exploration.
Based on the method for obtaining the travel time of the wave provided by the embodiment, the embodiment of the invention also provides a device for obtaining the travel time of the wave.
Referring to fig. 4, the figure is a schematic structural diagram of a device for acquiring travel time of waves according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The device for obtaining the travel time of the wave provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises: an acquisition module 401, a first calculation module 402 and a second calculation module 403.
An obtaining module 401, configured to obtain a horizontal distance from the first point to the second point.
And a first calculating module 402, configured to input the horizontal distance obtained by the obtaining module 401 into a first preset model, so as to obtain a ray parameter of the wave between a first point and a second point.
The second calculation module 403 is configured to input the ray parameters of the first calculation module 402 into a second preset model, so as to obtain the travel time of the wave propagating from the first point to the second point.
The first preset model is obtained by performing at least one Shanks transformation on a wave propagation distance polynomial, and the second preset model is a wave propagation time polynomial; or the first preset model is a wave propagation distance polynomial, and the second preset model is obtained by performing at least once Shanks transformation on the wave propagation time polynomial; or the first preset model is obtained by performing at least one Shanks transformation on the wave propagation distance polynomial, and the second preset model is obtained by performing at least one Shanks transformation on the wave propagation time polynomial.
In the embodiment of the invention, after the horizontal distance between the first point and the second point is obtained, the horizontal distance is input into the first preset model to obtain the ray parameters of the wave between the first point and the second point, and then the ray parameters are input into the second preset model to obtain the travel time of the wave from the first point to the second point. Because any one of the first preset model and the second preset model is obtained by at least once Shanks transformation according to the original calculation formula, the first preset model and/or the second preset model obtained by the Shanks transformation has lower order and higher precision and convergence speed than the original calculation formula, the obtained ray parameters and/or travel time have higher precision and shorter calculation time than the result obtained according to the original calculation formula, and the travel time calculation can meet the requirements of high precision and high speed required by geological exploration.
Based on the travel time obtaining method and device of the wave and the imaging method provided by the embodiment, the embodiment of the invention also provides an imaging device.
Referring to fig. 5, a schematic structural diagram of an imaging apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.
The underground structure mapping device provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises: travel time calculation module 501 and imaging module 502
The travel time calculation module 501 traverses all the imaging points in the imaging region, and obtains the first travel time and the second travel time corresponding to each imaging point by using the travel time obtaining method of the wave provided in the above embodiment.
The first travel time is the travel time of the wave transmitted from the seismic source point to the imaging point, and the second travel time is the travel time of the reflected wave after the wave is reflected by the imaging point and transmitted from the imaging point to the wave detection point.
The imaging module 502 is configured to invert the underground structure of the imaging area based on the first travel time and the second travel time corresponding to the imaging point obtained by the travel time calculation module 501, so as to obtain an underground structure diagram of the imaging area.
In the embodiment of the application, the calculation accuracy of the travel time of the seismic wave is higher, so that the imaging result obtained by inversion has more detailed characteristics, and the requirement of high accuracy in geological exploration can be met.
Based on the method and the device for acquiring the travel time of the wave provided by the embodiment, the embodiment of the invention also provides a computer readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium has stored therein instructions that, when executed on a terminal device, cause the terminal device to execute the wave travel time obtaining method according to the above-described embodiment.
Based on the method and the device for acquiring the travel time of the wave provided by the embodiment, the embodiment of the invention also provides the terminal equipment. The terminal device includes: a memory and a processor. Wherein the memory is used for storing program codes; the processor, configured to obtain the program code stored in the memory, executes the time-of-flight obtaining method of the wave according to the above embodiment.
It should be noted that, in the present specification, the embodiments are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments may be referred to each other. The device disclosed by the embodiment corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant part can be referred to the method part for description.
It is further noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied directly in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or in a combination of the two. A software module may reside in Random Access Memory (RAM), memory, Read Only Memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM, registers, hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any manner. Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make numerous possible variations and modifications to the present teachings, or modify equivalent embodiments to equivalent variations, without departing from the scope of the present teachings, using the methods and techniques disclosed above. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are still within the scope of the protection of the technical solution of the present invention, unless the contents of the technical solution of the present invention are departed.

Claims (9)

1. A method of time-of-flight acquisition of waves, the method comprising:
obtaining a horizontal distance from the first point to the second point;
inputting the horizontal distance into a first preset model to obtain ray parameters of the wave between the first point and the second point;
inputting the ray parameters into a second preset model to obtain the travel time of the wave transmitted from the first point to the second point;
the first preset model is obtained by performing at least one Shanks transformation on a wave propagation distance polynomial, and the second preset model is a wave propagation time polynomial;
or, the first preset model is a wave propagation distance polynomial, and the second preset model is obtained by performing at least one Shanks transformation on the wave propagation time polynomial;
or the first preset model is obtained by performing at least one Shanks transformation on the wave propagation distance polynomial, and the second preset model is obtained by performing at least one Shanks transformation on the wave propagation time polynomial.
2. The method of claim 1,
the first preset model is obtained by performing at least one Shanks transformation on a wave propagation distance polynomial, and specifically comprises the following steps:
when the propagation distance polynomial of the wave comprises at least four terms, obtaining the first preset model by twice Shanks transformation of the propagation distance polynomial of the wave;
the second preset model is obtained by performing at least one Shanks transformation on a wave propagation time polynomial, and specifically comprises the following steps:
when the wave propagation time polynomial includes at least four terms, the wave propagation time polynomial is subjected to twice Shanks transforms to obtain the second preset model.
3. The method of claim 1,
propagation distance polynomial of the waveIn particular according to the formula of the propagation distance of the waveObtaining the product after polynomial expansion;
time of flight polynomial of the waveIn particular according to the formula of the propagation time of the waveObtaining the product after polynomial expansion;
wherein x is the horizontal distance of wave propagation, t is the travel time of the wave, aiAnd bjAre all coefficient, t0For the time correction parameters, m and n are integers greater than 2, p is the radial parameter of the wave, and v is the velocity of the wave.
4. The method of claim 3,
when m is 3, the first threshold model obtained by performing a once-through Shanks transform on the wave propagation distance polynomial is specifically:
when n is 4, the second threshold model obtained by performing a once-Shanks transform on the wave propagation time polynomial is specifically:
5. a method of imaging, the method comprising:
traversing all imaging points in the imaging area, and obtaining a first travel time and a second travel time corresponding to each imaging point by using the wave travel time obtaining method of any one of the claims 1 to 4; the first travel time is the travel time of the wave transmitted from the seismic source point to the imaging point, and the second travel time is the travel time of the reflected wave transmitted from the imaging point to the wave detection point;
and inverting the underground structure of the imaging area based on the corresponding first travel time and second travel time of all the imaging points to obtain the underground structure chart of the imaging area.
6. An apparatus for time-of-flight acquisition of waves, the apparatus comprising: the device comprises an acquisition module, a first calculation module and a second calculation module;
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the horizontal distance from the first point to the second point;
the first calculation module is used for inputting the horizontal distance obtained by the acquisition module into a first preset model to obtain ray parameters of the wave between the first point and the second point;
the second calculation module is used for inputting the ray parameters obtained by the first calculation module into a second preset model to obtain the travel time of the wave from the first point to the second point;
the first preset model is obtained by performing at least one Shanks transformation on a wave propagation distance polynomial, and the second preset model is a wave propagation time polynomial;
or, the first preset model is a wave propagation distance polynomial, and the second preset model is obtained by performing at least one Shanks transformation on the wave propagation time polynomial;
or the first preset model is obtained by performing at least one Shanks transformation on the wave propagation distance polynomial, and the second preset model is obtained by performing at least one Shanks transformation on the wave propagation time polynomial.
7. An imaging apparatus, characterized in that the apparatus comprises: a travel time calculation module and an imaging module;
the travel time calculation module is used for traversing all imaging points in an imaging area, and obtaining a first travel time and a second travel time corresponding to each imaging point by using the travel time obtaining method of the wave of any one of the claims 1 to 4; the first travel time is the travel time of the wave transmitted from the seismic source point to the imaging point, and the second travel time is the travel time of the reflected wave transmitted from the imaging point to the wave detection point;
the imaging module is used for inverting the underground structure of the imaging area based on the first travel time and the second travel time corresponding to the imaging point obtained by the travel time calculation module to obtain the underground structure diagram of the imaging area.
8. A computer-readable storage medium having stored therein instructions which, when run on a terminal device, cause the terminal device to execute the wave travel time acquisition method of any one of claims 1-4.
9. A terminal device, comprising: a memory and a processor;
the memory for storing program code;
the processor, configured to obtain the program code to execute the time-of-flight obtaining method of the wave according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
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