CN108254728A - CW with frequency modulation SAR motion compensation process based on local linear error model - Google Patents
CW with frequency modulation SAR motion compensation process based on local linear error model Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/41—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of CW with frequency modulation SAR motion compensation process based on local linear error model, including：Obtain the location information of radar return data starting point；According to the location information of the radar return data starting point of acquisition, sectional linear fitting is carried out to the kinematic error of each radar working pulse internal antenna phase center using local linear error model；And motion compensation function in the kinematic error structure arteries and veins of combination sectional linear fitting.This method only needs a multiplication to the calculation amount that kinematic error is each put in pulse, and with respect to motion compensation process in traditional pulse, calculation amount substantially reduces, and the target focusing effect after motion compensation is good；And the platform within this method degree of being suited to speed up 100g, it is applied widely.
Description
Technical field
The disclosure belongs to radar information acquisition and processing technology field, is related to a kind of tune based on local linear error model
Frequency continuous wave SAR motion compensation process.
Background technology
CW with frequency modulation synthetic aperture radar (FMCW SAR) combines CW with frequency modulation technology and synthetic aperture radar skill
Art has the characteristics that small, light-weight, power is low, is played in earth observation field particularly Military Application field more next
More important role.
In pulse regime SAR, due to duty ratio very little (being usually more than 10%), " stop-walk " (" stop- can be utilized
And-go ") model calculates kinematic error, that is, assume that kinematic error is constant in receives echo-signal, has ignored signal transmission
Radar motion during the radar motion of period and transmitting, reception signal, as shown in Figure 1, representing that movement misses using horizontal line
Difference, in other words, the hypothesis correspond to a kind of local constant error model.
And in CW with frequency modulation system SAR, duty ratio reaches 100%, and platform has occurred significantly during data receiver
Movement, so " stop-walk " model is no longer set up, traditional local constant error model is also no longer set up.Frequency modulation is continuous at present
The motion compensation of wave SAR can mend the kinematic error in each pulse point by point using the exercise data of antenna phase center
Repay, but alignment processing be each data point true value, and the data in each pulse are counted out various, are compensated point by point
Calculation amount is too big, affects the treatment effeciency of CW with frequency modulation SAR.
Invention content
(1) technical problems to be solved
Present disclose provides a kind of CW with frequency modulation SAR motion compensation process based on local linear error model, so that
Small part solves the technical issues of set forth above.
(2) technical solution
According to one aspect of the disclosure, a kind of CW with frequency modulation SAR fortune based on local linear error model is provided
Dynamic compensation method, including：Obtain the location information of radar return data starting point；According to the radar return data starting point of acquisition
Location information, the kinematic error of each radar working pulse internal antenna phase center is carried out using local linear error model
Sectional linear fitting；And motion compensation function in the kinematic error structure arteries and veins of combination sectional linear fitting.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, CW with frequency modulation SAR motion compensation process further includes：According to being moved in arteries and veins
Penalty function carries out motion compensation and imaging to radar return data.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the location information of radar return data starting point is according to radar return data
Obtain time and the relationship extraction of the acquisition time of antenna phase center movement locus.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, by the acquisition time of radar return data and antenna phase center movement locus
The time that obtains establish on unified UTC time benchmark, the corresponding radar return data starting point time is from antenna phase center
The location information of radar return data starting point is extracted in motion trace data.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, using local linear error model to each radar working pulse internal antenna phase
Centrical kinematic error carries out sectional linear fitting, which meets：
Wherein, Δ R (nPRT+tr) it is n-th of pulse to the kinematic error in (n+1)th pulse；PRT repeats week for pulse
Phase；trFor fast time, 0≤tr＜ PRT；Δ R ((n+1) PRT) is the corresponding kinematic error of (n+1)th pulse；Δ R (nPRT) is
The corresponding kinematic error of n-th of pulse.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, move and mend in the arteries and veins with reference to the kinematic error structure of sectional linear fitting
Function is repaid, is met：
Wherein, h (R, tr) it is motion compensation function in arteries and veins；K is signal frequency modulation rate；fcFor carrier frequency；C is the light velocity.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, to thunder in a manner that motion compensation function in the arteries and veins compensates point by point
Motion compensation is carried out up to echo data.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the movement function h (f of the radar return data after motion compensation are carried outr) full
Foot：
Wherein, Δ R (nPRT) is the corresponding kinematic error of n-th of pulse；ΔRref(nPRT) it is corresponding for n-th of pulse
With reference to oblique distance kinematic error.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, radar return data are by the way that CW with frequency modulation signal is passed through at frequency modulation removal
Receive what is obtained after reason.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, radar return data meet：
Wherein, s (tr) for frequency modulation removal receive after radar return data；trFor fast time, 0≤tr＜ PRT；K is signal
Frequency modulation rate；fcFor carrier frequency；C is the light velocity；R (nPRT) is the distance of n-th of pulse antenna phase center distance objective；ΔR(nPRT
+tr) it is n-th of pulse to the kinematic error in (n+1)th pulse.
(3) advantageous effect
It can be seen from the above technical proposal that the CW with frequency modulation based on local linear error model that the disclosure provides
SAR motion compensation process, has the advantages that：
The kinematic error of each radar working pulse internal antenna phase center is divided using local linear error model
Section linear fit, then builds the complete motion compensation factor in arteries and veins with this, to each putting the calculation amount of kinematic error in pulse only
A multiplication is needed, with respect to motion compensation process in traditional pulse, calculation amount substantially reduces, and the target after motion compensation is gathered
Coke works well；And the platform within this method degree of being suited to speed up 100g (g is acceleration of gravity), it is applied widely.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of local constant error model in the prior art.
Fig. 2 is the CW with frequency modulation SAR motion compensation sides based on local linear error model according to the embodiment of the present disclosure
The flow chart of method.
Fig. 3 is the CW with frequency modulation SAR motion compensation sides based on local linear error model according to the embodiment of the present disclosure
The specific implementation process figure of method.
Fig. 4 is the system block diagram according to embodiment of the present disclosure CW with frequency modulation SAR.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram according to embodiment of the present disclosure local linear error model.
Fig. 6 A are after using target at non-reference distance for motion compensation function compensates in the arteries and veins with reference to oblique distance
Target imaging result schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 B are the target after target at non-reference distance is fully compensated point by point using motion compensation function in arteries and veins
Imaging results schematic diagram.
Fig. 7 is to use the frequency modulation based on local linear error model to target at non-reference distance according to the embodiment of the present disclosure
Target imaging result schematic diagram after the compensation of continuous wave SAR motion compensation process.
Specific embodiment
Present disclose provides a kind of CW with frequency modulation SAR motion compensation process based on local linear error model, use
Local linear error model carries out sectional linear fitting to the kinematic error of each radar working pulse internal antenna phase center, so
The complete motion compensation factor in arteries and veins is built with this afterwards, a multiplication is only needed to the calculation amount that kinematic error is each put in pulse,
With respect to motion compensation process in traditional pulse, calculation amount substantially reduces, and the target focusing effect after motion compensation is good；And
Platform within this method degree of being suited to speed up 100g (g is acceleration of gravity), it is applied widely.
In the disclosure, " PRT " represents pulse duration, also referred to as pulse repetition period, represents a pulse under
Time interval between one pulse, is time guiding principle amount, and size is equal to the inverse of pulse recurrence frequency；" PRF " represents pulse weight
Complex frequency (PRF, Pulse-Recurrence-Frequency) refers to the trigger pulse number generated each second, is frequency guiding principle
Amount.
Purpose, technical scheme and advantage to make the disclosure are more clearly understood, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and reference
The disclosure is further described in attached drawing.
In first exemplary embodiment of the disclosure, provide a kind of frequency modulation based on local linear error model and connect
Continuous wave SAR motion compensation process.
Fig. 2 is the CW with frequency modulation SAR motion compensation sides based on local linear error model according to the embodiment of the present disclosure
The flow chart of method.Fig. 3 is the CW with frequency modulation SAR motion compensation based on local linear error model according to the embodiment of the present disclosure
The specific implementation process figure of method.
With reference to shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the CW with frequency modulation SAR motion compensation based on local linear error model of the disclosure
Method, including：
Step S202：It is risen according to radar return data obtaining time and movement locus time relationship extraction radar return data
The location information of initial point；
In this step S202, with reference to shown in Fig. 3, the acquisition time of radar return data and SAR antenna phase centers are transported
The time that obtains of dynamic rail mark is established on unified UTC time benchmark；Then time and movement locus are obtained according to radar data
The relationship of time is obtained, the corresponding radar data starting point time extracts radar starting from antenna phase center motion trace data
The location information of point.
Step S204：According to the location information of the radar return data starting point of acquisition, using local linear error model
Sectional linear fitting is carried out to the kinematic error of each radar working pulse internal antenna phase center；
Fig. 4 is the system block diagram according to embodiment of the present disclosure CW with frequency modulation SAR；Fig. 5 is according to embodiment of the present disclosure office
The schematic diagram of portion's linearity error model.
With reference to shown in Fig. 4, the CW with frequency modulation signal that signal source generates is launched through a channel by transmitting antenna, should
Channel corresponds to transmission channel Ct；The signal of another way enters frequency mixer through another channel, and as with reference to signal, another is logical
Road corresponds to reference channel Cref；The received channel C of echo-signal received by reception antennarInto in frequency mixer, through past tune
Frequency receives processing CsPass through analog-digital converter (ADC, Analog-to-Digital Converter) output signal later.
Radar return data after frequency modulation removal receives meet following expression：
Wherein, s (tr) for frequency modulation removal receive after radar return data；trFor fast time, 0≤tr＜ PRT；K is signal
Frequency modulation rate；fcFor carrier frequency；C is the light velocity；R (nPRT) is the distance of n-th of pulse antenna phase center distance objective；ΔR(nPRT
+tr) it is n-th of pulse to the kinematic error in (n+1)th pulse.
The kinematic error of each radar working pulse internal antenna phase center is divided using local linear error model
Section linear fit, the fitting formula are as follows：
Wherein, the slope of kinematic error is at n-th of PRF：
Wherein, Δ R ((n+1) PRT) is the corresponding kinematic error of (n+1)th pulse；Δ R (nPRT) is n-th of pulse pair
The kinematic error answered.
Step S206：Motion compensation function in arteries and veins is built with reference to the kinematic error of sectional linear fitting；
Motion compensation function h (R, t in common arteries and veinsr) meet：
Wherein, Δ R0(nPRT+tr) represent using n-th of pulse that conventional method obtains to the movement in (n+1)th pulse
Error.
Since motion compensation needs to carry out in time domain in arteries and veins, and penalty function not phase in the target arteries and veins on different oblique distance R
Together, distance in each pulse is caused to be compensated point by point to each point data needs, each kinematic error calculation amount of putting adds including 5 times
Method, 3 multiplication, 1 evolution expend a large amount of computing resource.
In the present embodiment, with airborne Ku wave bands CW with frequency modulation SAR system, bandwidth 500MHz, signal pulse width 1ms are
Example is directed to use motion compensation function in the arteries and veins with reference to oblique distance and compensates, carried out point by point using motion compensation function in arteries and veins
The result of the mode of full remuneration carries out comparative illustration, then confirms a kind of compensation way of optimization.
Fig. 6 A are after using target at non-reference distance for motion compensation function compensates in the arteries and veins with reference to oblique distance
Target imaging result schematic diagram.Fig. 6 B are that target at non-reference distance is carried out completely point by point using motion compensation function in arteries and veins
Target imaging result schematic diagram after compensation.
It can lead to residual error using being compensated for fortune complementary function in the arteries and veins with reference to oblique distance, with reference to the result institute of Fig. 6 A
Show, blooming effect occurs in orientation.And result such as Fig. 6 B institutes after being fully compensated point by point using motion compensation function in arteries and veins
Show, the focusing effect of target is good.
As a result, in the present embodiment, it is preferred to use the mode that motion compensation function is fully compensated point by point in arteries and veins is missed
Difference compensation, and the kinematic error in the compensating factor is counted using the kinematic error of the step S204 sectional linear fittings obtained
It calculates.
In the present embodiment, with reference to sectional linear fitting kinematic error build arteries and veins in motion compensation function, meet it is as follows
Expression formula：
Wherein, Δ R (nPRT+tr) it is the kinematic error obtained in formula (2).
So, the calculation amount of kinematic error is each put in pulse only needs a multiplication, is transported in relatively traditional arteries and veins
Dynamic compensation method, calculation amount substantially reduce.
Step S208：Motion compensation and imaging are carried out to radar return data according to motion compensation function in arteries and veins；
In this step S208, the movement function h (f after motion compensation are carried outr) meet：
Wherein, Δ Rref(nPRT) it is corresponding with reference to oblique distance kinematic error for n-th of pulse.
Using the CW with frequency modulation SAR motion compensation process based on local linear error model of the present embodiment to non-reference
Target has carried out imaging experiment at distance.
Fig. 7 is to use the frequency modulation based on local linear error model to target at non-reference distance according to the embodiment of the present disclosure
Target imaging result schematic diagram after the compensation of continuous wave SAR motion compensation process.With reference to shown in Fig. 7, using based on local linear
Target focusing effect after the CW with frequency modulation SAR motion compensation process compensation of error model is good.
In addition, for Ku wave band SAR, with reference to imaging results to 16 points of the residual motion error size of permission for wavelength
One of analyzed, further combined with small SAR parameters derive aircraft platform speed and acceleration requirement, obtain following knot
By：It is the method that disclosure proposition can be used in most platforms within 100g (g is acceleration of gravity) in acceleration, it can
See, the motion compensation process of the disclosure also has the advantages that applied widely.
In conclusion present disclose provides a kind of CW with frequency modulation SAR motion compensation based on local linear error model
Method carries out segmented line using local linear error model to the kinematic error of each radar working pulse internal antenna phase center
Property fitting, the complete motion compensation factor in arteries and veins is then built with this, the calculation amount that kinematic error is each put in pulse is only needed
Multiplication, with respect to motion compensation process in traditional pulse, calculation amount substantially reduces, and the target after motion compensation focuses on effect
Fruit is good；And the platform within this method degree of being suited to speed up 100g (g is acceleration of gravity), it is applied widely.
Certainly, according to actual needs, CW with frequency modulation SAR motion compensation sides of the disclosure based on local linear error model
Method is also comprising other method and steps, and since the innovation of the same disclosure is unrelated, details are not described herein again.
Particular embodiments described above has carried out the purpose, technical solution and advantageous effect of the disclosure further in detail
It describes in detail bright, it should be understood that the foregoing is merely the specific embodiment of the disclosure, is not limited to the disclosure, it is all
Within the spirit and principle of the disclosure, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done should be included in the guarantor of the disclosure
Within the scope of shield.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of CW with frequency modulation SAR motion compensation process based on local linear error model, including：
Obtain the location information of radar return data starting point；
According to the location information of the radar return data starting point of acquisition, worked using local linear error model each radar
The kinematic error of pulse internal antenna phase center carries out sectional linear fitting；And
Motion compensation function in arteries and veins is built with reference to the kinematic error of sectional linear fitting.
2. CW with frequency modulation SAR motion compensation process according to claim 1, further includes：
Motion compensation and imaging are carried out to radar return data according to motion compensation function in arteries and veins.
3. CW with frequency modulation SAR motion compensation process according to claim 1, the position of the radar return data starting point
Confidence breath is that the relationship of the acquisition time according to radar return data obtaining time and antenna phase center movement locus is extracted.
4. CW with frequency modulation SAR motion compensation process according to claim 3, wherein, by the radar return data
The time that obtains for obtaining time and antenna phase center movement locus is established on unified UTC time benchmark, and corresponding radar returns
The wave data starting point time extracts the location information of radar return data starting point from antenna phase center motion trace data.
5. CW with frequency modulation SAR motion compensation process according to claim 1, wherein, it is described to use local linear error
Model carries out sectional linear fitting to the kinematic error of each radar working pulse internal antenna phase center, which expires
Foot：
Wherein, Δ R (nPRT+tr) it is n-th of pulse to the kinematic error in (n+1)th pulse；PRT is the pulse repetition period；tr
For fast time, 0≤tr＜ PRT；Δ R ((n+1) PRT) is the corresponding kinematic error of (n+1)th pulse；Δ R (nPRT) is n-th
The corresponding kinematic error of pulse.
6. CW with frequency modulation SAR motion compensation process according to claim 5, wherein, with reference to the fortune of sectional linear fitting
Motion compensation function in the arteries and veins of dynamic error structure, meets：
Wherein, h (R, tr) it is motion compensation function in arteries and veins；K is signal frequency modulation rate；fcFor carrier frequency；C is the light velocity.
7. CW with frequency modulation SAR motion compensation process according to claim 2, wherein, using motion compensation in the arteries and veins
The mode that function compensates point by point carries out motion compensation to the radar return data.
8. CW with frequency modulation SAR motion compensation process according to claim 2, wherein, after the progress motion compensation
Movement function h (the f of radar return datar) meet：
Wherein, Δ R (nPRT) is the corresponding kinematic error of n-th of pulse；ΔRref(nPRT) it is the corresponding reference of n-th of pulse
Oblique distance kinematic error.
9. according to claim 1 to 8 any one of them CW with frequency modulation SAR motion compensation process, wherein, the radar return
Data are by the way that CW with frequency modulation signal is obtained by being received after deramp processing.
10. CW with frequency modulation SAR motion compensation process according to claim 9, wherein, the radar return data expire
Foot：
Wherein, s (tr) for frequency modulation removal receive after radar return data；trFor fast time, 0≤tr＜ PRT；K is signal frequency modulation
Rate；fcFor carrier frequency；C is the light velocity；R (nPRT) is the distance of n-th of pulse antenna phase center distance objective；ΔR(nPRT+tr)
For n-th of pulse to the kinematic error in (n+1)th pulse.
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