CN108254157B - A kind of experimental system of interior wave and submerged body interaction - Google Patents
A kind of experimental system of interior wave and submerged body interaction Download PDFInfo
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- CN108254157B CN108254157B CN201810114516.7A CN201810114516A CN108254157B CN 108254157 B CN108254157 B CN 108254157B CN 201810114516 A CN201810114516 A CN 201810114516A CN 108254157 B CN108254157 B CN 108254157B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M10/00—Hydrodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on ship-testing tanks or water tunnels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B25/00—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
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Abstract
The invention discloses the experimental systems of a kind of interior wave and submerged body interaction, comprising: submerged body model, movement simulated assembly, motion recording component and experimental tank, submerged body model include submerged body shell and the first clump weight, and the first clump weight is placed in submerged body shell.Therefore, the experimental system of interior wave provided in an embodiment of the present invention and submerged body interaction, utilize the connection of spherical hinge formula Hooks coupling universal coupling, submerged body is allowed to do the rotation in three directions relative to connecting rod, and record the X of submerged body in real time using three-dimensional electronic gyroscope, Y, the angular speed of Z-direction rotation, submerged body X is recorded simultaneously, Y, the acceleration of Z-direction, utilize submerged body model in three pressure sensor record interior estimates traveling process and the X on connecting rod, Y, interior estimates wave force on tri- directions Z, and then record result is passed through into wire transmission to display, real-time display Aerodynamic data, and it is recorded in data file.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to internal wave of ocean experimental technique field more particularly to the experiment systems of a kind of interior wave and submerged body interaction
System.
Background technique
Internal wave of ocean is to betide a kind of seawater surface wave below, is a kind of gravitational wave, or is interior inertia
Gravitational wave.Recent decades, various countries experts and scholars are a kind of non-in ocean by actual measurement or remote sensing observation discovery, interior wave
The natural phenomena usually seen.The wave-length coverage of interior wave is generally differed from several hundred rice to tens kms in ocean, period from a few minutes
To a few houres etc..In the seawater of continuous stratification, the density gradient that cold water, hot water or fresh water, salt water generate is usually
It is smaller, but just because of this density gradient very little, disturbance needed for causing the catenary motion of layering interfaces Shanghai water particle
With regard to very little.Briefly, the disturbance of foot may form interior wave in the sea area that density of sea water is layered.Also just because of formation
The disturbance very little that interior wave needs, the amplitude of interior wave would generally specific surface wave it is much larger, generally from several meters to rice up to a hundred etc., at present
Until the maximum Internal wave amplitude that observes be 180m.Interior wave causes the catenary motion of seawater to the energy transport in Yu Haiyang to pass
Important, the energy of marine superstructure can be reached deep layer by it, and the colder seawater of deep layer is taken to relatively warm shallow-layer together with nutriment,
Promote multiplying and living for marine organisms.Inner waveguide causes the fluctuation of seawater isopycnic surface, influences the size and Orientation uniformity of the velocity of sound,
Influence to sonar is very big, and it is underwater hidden to be conducive to submarine.Interior wave also has its harmful one side, and Nei Bo is as surface wave
Offshore Units can be impacted, interior wave also suffers from apparent influence to boat trip and navigation of submarine.It is isolated in especially
Wave, for wave-length coverage from tens kms to several hundred kms etc., nonlinear characteristic is very strong, and period of change is in several hours, sky
Between scale be several hundred rice to several kms etc..Interior estimates be often as it is interior tide advance during meet with sea-floor relief influence and
It is formed, this fluctuation endangers submarine navigation device very big.When submarine meet with interior estimates when, the powerful velocity field of interior wave and
Pressure field can tow to submarine deep water, and huge hydraulic pressure can destroy Submarine structure and be allowed to broken；When submarine crosses interior estimates
Wave crest when, extremely strong steering force may also will cause Submarine Structure fracture.
The research of the forms of motion for submarine in interior estimates is less both at home and abroad at present, is also mostly in existing research
Theoretical research.Such as: there are wave and submerged body in scholar's property research cycle to interact, obtains identical latent depths, submerged body model
It can be increased with interior wave period and wave amplitude increase with vertical by interior wave wave force and torque horizontal, submerged body model jumps in density
Layer place is maximum by interior wave wave force, and in periodicity under wave excitation, submerged body model has the Nonlinear Dynamic Responses phenomenon such as frequency multiplication
The notional result of generation.Submerged body is done in the research of coupled motions with interior wave and is found, submarine's moving response shows wave frequency spy
It seeks peace gradual drift, wave wave frequency does heaving and pitching within submerged body one side, on one side slowly drift upwards.In addition, in needle
Model test done to the coupled motions form of interior estimates effect diving body, experimental provision is by submerged body model rope semi-flexible
It is fixed in interior wave sink.
However, studies conducted in the prior art, for the theoretical research of the submerged body coupled motions under interior estimates effect,
Experimental data can not be accurately obtained, to reduce accuracy；Also, in the experimental facilities of the prior art, due to consolidating for flexible strand
Fixed and elastic force, the forms of motion of submerged body can largely be showed using fixed point as the center of circle, the model of a length of radius of flexible strand
Interior circular motion is enclosed, is not consistent so as to cause experimental state with the submarine's moving form under the effect of practical interior estimates, reduces
Test accuracy.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the invention provides the experimental systems of a kind of interior wave and submerged body interaction, solve wave in the prior art
The problem low with the experimental system accuracy of submerged body interaction.
Interior wave provided by the invention and submerged body interaction experimental system, comprising: submerged body model, movement simulated assembly,
Motion recording component and experimental tank, the submerged body model include submerged body shell and the first clump weight, and first clump weight is placed in
In the submerged body shell；The movement simulated assembly includes X direction guiding rail, Y-direction guide rail, Z-direction guide rail, spherical hinge formula universal joint shaft
Device, connecting rod and sliding block, the X direction guiding rail are horizontally erected at experimental tank overhead, and the Y-direction guide rail is slidably arranged in institute
It states on X direction guiding rail, and vertical with the X direction guiding rail, the sliding block is slidably arranged in the Y-direction guide rail, the submerged body mould
Type is connect by the spherical hinge formula Hooks coupling universal coupling with described connecting rod one end, and the other end of the connecting rod passes through institute
State slider throughbores；The motion recording component include three-dimensional electronic gyroscope, first pressure sensor, second pressure sensor,
Third pressure sensor and display screen, the three-dimensional electronic gyroscope are arranged in the submerged body model, and the first pressure passes
Sensor, the second pressure sensor and the third pressure sensor be separately positioned among submerged body model front end, bottom
Among portion and side wall middle position, the display screen respectively with the three-dimensional electronic gyroscope, the first pressure sensor, institute
It states second pressure sensor and the third pressure sensor electrically connects.
To sum up, interior wave provided in an embodiment of the present invention and submerged body interaction experimental system, by setting submerged body model,
Simulated assembly, motion recording component and experimental tank are moved, so that pass through spherical hinge formula Hooks coupling universal coupling between submerged body and connecting rod,
And electronic gyroscope is set in submerged body, pressure sensing is respectively set among front end, among bottom surface and among side wall outside submerged body
Device, and display screen is set, it is universal using spherical hinge formula so as to the flow field progress coupled motions in submerged body with interior estimates
The connection of shaft coupling allows submerged body to do the rotation in three directions relative to connecting rod, and real using three-dimensional electronic gyroscope
The angular speed that X, Y of Shi Jilu submerged body, Z-direction rotate, while the acceleration of submerged body X, Y, Z-direction are recorded, utilize three pressure
Sensor records the interior estimates on tri- directions X, Y, Z in interior estimates traveling process on submerged body model and connecting rod
Wave force, and then result will be recorded by wire transmission to display, real-time display Aerodynamic data, and be recorded in data file and work as
In.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the experimental system of interior wave provided in an embodiment of the present invention and submerged body interaction.
Fig. 2 is that the structure of the submerged body model for the experimental system that interior wave provided in an embodiment of the present invention interacts with submerged body is shown
It is intended to；
Fig. 3 be another embodiment of the present invention provides interior wave and submerged body interaction experimental system structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 be another embodiment of the present invention provides interior wave and submerged body interaction experimental system plan structure signal
Figure.
Description of symbols:
100- submerged body model, 101- shell, the first clump weight of 102-, 201-X direction guiding rail, 202-Y direction guiding rail, 203- are spherical
Hinge formula Hooks coupling universal coupling, 204- connecting rod, 205- sliding block, 206- connecting line, the second clump weight of 207-, 301- three-dimensional electronics top
Spiral shell instrument, 302- first pressure sensor, 303- second pressure sensor, 304- third pressure sensor, 400- experimental tank, 500-
Motor, 501- draught line.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to the attached drawing in the present invention, clear, complete description is carried out to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, is shown
So, described embodiment is a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the implementation in the present invention
Example, those of ordinary skill in the art's every other embodiment obtained without making creative work, is all answered
Belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
A kind of reality of interior wave and the submerged body interaction provided below by Fig. 1 to Fig. 4 the present invention will be described in detail embodiment
Check system.Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the experimental system of interior wave provided in an embodiment of the present invention and submerged body interaction, as schemed institute
Show, which may include:
Submerged body model 100, movement simulated assembly and motion recording component, the submerged body model 100 include submerged body shell 101
And first clump weight 102, first clump weight 102 are placed in the submerged body shell 101；The movement simulated assembly includes X
Direction guiding rail 201, Y-direction guide rail 202, spherical hinge formula Hooks coupling universal coupling 203, connecting rod 204 and sliding block 205, the X direction guiding rail
201 are horizontally erected at 400 overhead of experimental tank, and the Y-direction guide rail 202 is slidably arranged on the X direction guiding rail 201, and with
The X direction guiding rail 201 is vertical, and the sliding block 205 is slidably arranged in the Y-direction guide rail 202, and the submerged body model 100 is logical
It crosses the spherical hinge formula Hooks coupling universal coupling 203 to connect with described 204 one end of connecting rod, the other end of the connecting rod 204
Across 205 through-hole of sliding block；The motion recording component include three-dimensional electronic gyroscope 301, first pressure sensor 302,
Second pressure sensor 303, third pressure sensor 304 and display screen, the setting of three-dimensional electronic gyroscope 301 is described latent
In body Model 100, the first pressure sensor 302, the second pressure sensor 303 and the third pressure sensor
304 be separately positioned among 100 front end of submerged body model, among bottom and side wall middle position, the display screen respectively with
The three-dimensional electronic gyroscope 301, the first pressure sensor 302, the second pressure sensor 303 and the third pressure
Force snesor 304 electrically connects.
Specifically, the experimental system of interior wave provided in an embodiment of the present invention and submerged body interaction, which can be with
Including submerged body model 100, movement simulated assembly, motion recording component and experimental tank 400.Experimental tank 400 can be cuboid
Structure, the medium of multilayer different densities can be set in inside, with the interior estimates in most real simulation ocean.For example, in reality
In experiment, salt water can be set in 400 bottom of experimental tank, fresh water is arranged in upper layer.
Submerged body model 100 may include the shell 101 of simulation.And in order to guarantee submerged body in interior wave experimental trough as far as possible
Gravity and buoyancy under natural conditions keeps balance, and a clump weight, i.e. the first clump weight 102 can be arranged in shell 101.
Moving simulated assembly may include three direction guiding rails and connector.Three direction guiding rails may include tri- directions X, Y, Z
Displacement guide rail.X and the guide rail of Y-direction can be horizontally erected on experimental tank 400.Specifically, the both ends of the guide rail of X-direction can
To be fixed on the side wall of experimental tank 400, the both ends of the guide rail of Y-direction can be slidably arranged on the guide rail of X-direction, thus
The guide rail of Y-direction can be made to slide on the guide rail of X-direction.For example, groove can be set in the rail crown of X-direction, and
Pulley is set in Y-direction guide rail bottom, so as to realize sliding of the Y-direction guide rail on X direction guiding rail using pulley and groove cooperation.
Connector may include spherical hinge formula Hooks coupling universal coupling 203, connecting rod 204 and sliding block 205.In practice, sliding block 205 can be with
It is slidably arranged on the guide rail of Y-direction, and can slidably reciprocate on guide rail in the Y direction.It should be understood that can be using same
Groove and pulley setting, sliding of the Lai Shixian sliding block 205 in Y-direction guide rail.Further, on sliding block 205 and Y-direction guide rail
Through-hole is set.So as to which the top of connecting rod 204 is sequentially passed through through-hole in Y-direction guide rail and sliding block 205.Also, submerged body mould
Type 100 can be connect by spherical hinge formula Hooks coupling universal coupling 203 with the bottom end of connecting rod 204.By above-mentioned connection, so as to
To realize simulation that the rolling pitching head of submerged body model shakes, and realize submerged body in the free movement of Z-direction.It should be understood that the connecting rod
The 204 Z-direction guide rail i.e. as the system.In addition, due to the setting of sliding block, i.e., sliding block can free movement on guide rail in the Y direction,
And Y-direction guide rail can the free movement on X direction guiding rail, to realize the mould of displacement of the submerged body model in tri- directions X, Y, Z
It is quasi-.
Further, in order to enable connecting rod can be more stable be connected in sliding block, avoid connecting rod from shaking, into
And make the motion state of submerged body model in z-direction more stable, pipe sleeve can be fixed above the through-hole of sliding block, so that even
Extension bar part is in pipe sleeve.
The system is in order to realize data record of the submerged body model 100 in the mechanism of external force, the motion recording component
It may include three-dimensional electronic gyroscope, three pressure sensors and display screen.Three-dimensional electronic gyroscope is arranged in submerged body model 100
Interior, three pressure sensors are located in submerged body submerged body front center position, submerged body bottom surface central location and submerged body side
It entreats at position, display screen is electrically connected with three-dimensional electronic gyroscope and three pressure sensors respectively.The angle of three-dimensional electronic gyroscope
Acceleration module can be used for measuring the swing angle on three directions of submerged body model, and linear velocity module can record three directions of submerged body
On misalignment；Three pressure sensors and submerged body vector change for recording three direction waves caused by interior estimates.
Data display equipment can be with submerged body coupled motions data and pressure data that the above register instrument of real-time display is recorded.
Preferably, in another embodiment of interior wave provided by the invention and the experimental system of submerged body interaction, in order to
Enough using under system simulation stationary state, submerged body is set in the active stress condition of interior estimates, the X direction guiding rail 201
There are multiple fixing clamps for fixing the Y-direction guide rail 202, the connecting rod 204 is equipped with for fixing the connecting rod
Multiple fixing clamps of part 204 and the sliding block 205.So as to fixation using above-mentioned multiple fixing clamps that moving parts are stable
The a certain position in experimental tank.
Preferably, as shown in figure 3, the another embodiment of interior wave provided by the invention and the experimental system of submerged body interaction
In, in order to simulate coupled motions of the submerged body model 100 at the uniform velocity navigation when experience interior estimates, which further includes electricity
Machine 500.One motor can be set in X direction guiding rail end, and the shaft of the motor is passed through into draught line and Y-direction guide rail phase
Even.So as to draw Y-direction guide rail by draught line and submerged body model carries out in X direction in electric motor uniform rotation
Uniform motion.
Preferably, in the another embodiment of interior wave provided by the invention and the experimental system of submerged body interaction, in order to flat
Weigh equipment gravity, and two clump weights can also be equipped between sliding block and connecting rod to balance connecting rod gravity.It can be
Bracket is arranged in 202 both ends of Y-direction guide rail, and connecting line 206 is arranged on bracket, so as at two 206 ends of connecting line
End hangs second clump weight 207 respectively.It optionally, can be in order to enable the gravity of equipment reaches optimal equilibrium state
The other end of connecting line is protruded into experimental tank, and is fixed on connecting rod.
In actual experiment, for example, containing the different medium of two layers of density in experimental tank, and in order to simulate in ocean
Solitary wave, general upper layer 1 are fresh water, and lower layer 2 is salt water.Experimental provision is combined into the top for being integrally placed to experimental tank.Firstly,
Y-direction guide rail is fixed on X direction guiding rail with fixing clip below guide rail in the Y direction, submerged body model is immersed in the water.Then root after
Counterweight is increased or decreased according to the floating of submerged body model or the characteristic of dive, until submerged body is suspended into designated depth in liquid.
When experiment starts, interior estimates are produced by gravitational collapse method in experimental tank.When interior estimates propagate at submerged body
It can cause the variation of biggish velocity field and density field, submerged body carries out coupled motions with the flow field of interior estimates.Due to submerged body Z
Direction is connected with vertical connecting rod, and corresponding through-hole in sliding block is passed through above connecting rod, i.e. submerged body depends on completely in Z-direction movement
In the active force that interior estimates apply submerged body.Under the action of interior estimates, submerged body may also be moved along X, Y-direction, when latent
When body is moved along the two directions, submerged body and connecting rod will drive sliding block and move on X and Y-direction guide rail.It should be understood that in order to as far as possible
Influence of the sliding block for submarine's moving form is reduced, sliding block, that is, sliding rail is all made of lightweight material production, minimizes error.
It should also be understood that the submerged body under interior estimates effect can also generate the rotation of X, Y, Z-direction, since submerged body passes through spherical shape
Hinge formula Hooks coupling universal coupling is connected with vertical connecting rod, and the rotation in three directions can be done relative to connecting rod.The rotation of Z-direction can
Realize that 360 degree of simulations, X, Y-direction rotation can be achieved to simulate close to the rotation of 180 degree.
The coupled motions form of interior estimates effect diving body is recorded by three-dimensional electronic gyroscope.Due to three-dimensional electronics top
Spiral shell instrument is installed at submerged body model inner bottom surface center, therefore, can record X, Y of submerged body, the angle speed of Z-direction rotation in real time
Degree, while recording the acceleration of submerged body X, Y, Z-direction.Wireless module is installed additional in three-dimensional electronic gyroscope, it is real by being wirelessly connected
When on data display equipment output data, and be recorded in data file.
In addition, can be recorded by pressure sensor when carrying out the stress experiment of interior estimates effect diving body.Specifically
, before measuring, three pressure sensors are fixed at submerged body front end center, on the left of submerged body bottom surface central location and submerged body
Face central position.Then tri- sides X, Y, Z in interior estimates traveling process on submerged body model are recorded by pressure sensor
Upward interior estimates wave force.Pressure sensor is connect by conducting wire with display, real-time display Aerodynamic data, and is recorded in
In data file.
It should be understood that interior wave provided in an embodiment of the present invention and the experimental system of submerged body interaction set and can also be used for other water
The coupled motions of lower aircraft are simulated, without limitation.
In conclusion the experimental system of interior wave provided in an embodiment of the present invention and submerged body interaction, by the way that submerged body is arranged
Model, movement simulated assembly, motion recording component and experimental tank, so that universal by spherical hinge formula between submerged body and connecting rod
Axis device, and in submerged body electronic gyroscope is set, pressure is respectively set outside submerged body among front end, among bottom surface and among side wall
Sensor, and display screen is set, so as to, as the flow field of interior estimates carries out coupled motions, utilize spherical hinge formula in submerged body
The connection of Hooks coupling universal coupling allows submerged body to do the rotation in three directions relative to connecting rod, and utilizes three-dimensional electronic gyroscope
Instrument records the angular speed of X, Y of submerged body, Z-direction rotation in real time, while recording the acceleration of submerged body X, Y, Z-direction, utilizes three
Pressure sensor records the interior orphan on tri- directions X, Y, Z in interior estimates traveling process on submerged body model and connecting rod
Vertical wave wave force, and then result will be recorded by wire transmission to display, real-time display Aerodynamic data, and be recorded in data text
In part.
Disclosed above is only several specific embodiments of the invention, and still, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this, is appointed
What what those skilled in the art can think variation should all fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. the experimental system of a kind of interior wave and submerged body interaction characterized by comprising submerged body model (100), movement simulation
Component, motion recording component and experimental tank (400), the submerged body model (100) include submerged body shell (101) and the first counterweight
Block (102), first clump weight (102) are placed in the submerged body shell (101)；The movement simulated assembly includes guide X
Rail (201), Y-direction guide rail (202), spherical hinge formula Hooks coupling universal coupling (203), connecting rod (204) and sliding block (205), the X to
Guide rail (201) is horizontally erected at experimental tank (400) overhead, and the Y-direction guide rail (202) is slidably arranged in the X direction guiding rail
(201) on, and it is vertical with X direction guiding rail (201), the sliding block (205) is slidably arranged on the Y-direction guide rail (202),
The submerged body model (100) is connect by the spherical hinge formula Hooks coupling universal coupling (203) with the connecting rod (204) one end,
The other end of the connecting rod (204) sequentially passes through the through-hole of the Y-direction guide rail (202) and the sliding block (205)；The fortune
Dynamic record component includes three-dimensional electronic gyroscope (301), first pressure sensor (302), second pressure sensor (303),
Three pressure sensors (304) and display screen, three-dimensional electronic gyroscope (301) setting is in the submerged body model (100), institute
First pressure sensor (302), the second pressure sensor (303) and the third pressure sensor (304) is stated to set respectively
Set among submerged body model (100) front end, among bottom and side wall middle position, the display screen respectively with the three-dimensional
Electronic gyroscope (301), the first pressure sensor (302), the second pressure sensor (303) and the third pressure
Sensor (304) electrically connects.
2. the experimental system of interior wave according to claim 1 and submerged body interaction, which is characterized in that the X direction guiding rail
(201) multiple fixing clamps for fixing the Y-direction guide rail (202) are equipped with, the connecting rod (204) is equipped with for solid
Multiple fixing clamps of the fixed connecting rod (204) and the sliding block (205).
3. the experimental system of interior wave according to claim 1 and submerged body interaction, which is characterized in that further include motor
(500), motor setting is in one end of the X direction guiding rail (201), the shaft of the motor and the Y-direction guide rail (202) it
Between be connected with draught line (501).
4. the experimental system of interior wave according to claim 1-3 and submerged body interaction, which is characterized in that described
Y-direction guide rail (202) both ends are equipped with connecting line (206), and connecting line (206) top is linked with the second clump weight (207).
5. the experimental system of interior wave according to claim 1-3 and submerged body interaction, which is characterized in that described
The medium of at least two different densities is provided in experimental tank (400).
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| CN110118640B (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2020-06-02 | 大连理工大学 | Method for extracting internal solitary wave characteristics in strong stratified fluid in laboratory |
| CN110222306B (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2022-12-27 | 大连理工大学 | Improved modal decomposition method suitable for internal solitary wave test flow field analysis and reconstruction |
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| CN111780950B (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2021-05-07 | 中国海洋大学 | Angle-controllable internal solitary wave optical remote sensing detection method and experimental device |
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