CN108253998B - 拉伸传感器 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供一种拉伸传感器包含一第一弹性绝缘层、一第一弹性导电层、一弹性介电层、一第二弹性导电层及一第二弹性绝缘层。第一弹性绝缘层的组成包含一弹性树脂。第一弹性导电层设置于第一弹性绝缘层，且第一弹性导电层的组成包含弹性树脂与一导电材料。弹性介电层设置于第一弹性导电层上，且弹性介电层的组成包含弹性树脂与一介电材料，介电材料是由一Sr1‑xCaxTiO3化合物、一Sr1‑yBayTiO3化合物与一BaTiO3化合物中的至少一者所组成，藉以使介电材料的介电常数介于15.65法拉/米与2087.3法拉/米之间。第二弹性导电层包含弹性树脂与导电材料。第二弹性绝缘层设置于第二弹性导电层，并且包含弹性树脂。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种拉伸传感器，尤其涉及一种利用弹性树脂与介电材料组成弹性介电层的拉伸传感器。
背景技术
在人机互动的领域中，由于穿戴式装置可穿戴在使用者的身上，进而成为使用者的一部分，并提供使用者通过本身的肢体动作进行操作，因此不仅可以有效的融入使用者的日常生活之中，更能因为穿戴式装置提供的功能来让使用者的生活更加便利。
然而，由于穿戴式装置主要是通过各种传感器来感测使用者的动作，因此传感器必需要具备有可挠性与伸缩性，藉以感测到各种弯曲或伸展的动作。
在现有技术中，为了使传感器具备有伸缩性的功能，主要是将一弹性树脂作为一弹性介电层，并在弹性介电层的两侧设有电极，进而通过两侧的电极形成感应电容，藉以在弹性介电层受到拉伸而缩短两侧电极之间的距离时，使两侧电极所形成的感应电容产生变化，进而计算出拉伸变形量；然而，由于一般弹性树脂的k值较低，例如橡胶的相对介电常数约为2至3，因此以橡胶做为弹性介电层时，其所能形成的感应电容值有限，也因此使得一般利用橡胶等弹性树脂做为弹性介电层的传感器无法有效的通过电容值的变化来测得传感器被拉伸的幅度。
此外，在现有技术中，虽然可以通过对弹性树脂进行改质的方式来提升弹性树脂被极化的能力，进而提高介电常数，但利用改质的方式会使得整体的制造成本大幅增加。
发明内容
有鉴于在先前技术中，现有的拉伸传感器主要是以弹性树脂作为拉伸传感器中的弹性介电层，然而由于一般弹性树脂的介电常数较低，所能形成的电容值有限，进而使得感测拉伸率的灵敏度较差，而虽然弹性树脂可以通过改质的方式来提高介电常数，但却会大幅的提高成本。缘此，本发明的目的在于提供一种拉伸传感器，以利用添加介电材料的方式来提高弹性介电层的等效介电常数。
为了达到上述目的，本发明提供了一种拉伸传感器，包含一第一弹性绝缘层、一第一弹性导电层、一弹性介电层、一第二弹性导电层以及一第二弹性绝缘层。第一弹性绝缘层的组成包含一弹性树脂。第一弹性导电层设置于第一弹性绝缘层，且第一弹性导电层的组成包含弹性树脂与一导电材料。弹性介电层设置于第一弹性导电层上，且弹性介电层的组成包含弹性树脂与一介电材料，介电材料是由一Sr1-xCaxTiO3化合物、一Sr1-yBayTiO3化合物与一BaTiO3化合物中的至少一者所组成，且0.1≦x≦0.9，0.1≦y≦0.9，藉以使介电材料的介电常数(Dielectric Constant；K)介于15.65法拉/米与2087.3法拉/米之间。第二弹性导电层是设置于弹性介电层，且第二弹性导电层的组成包含弹性树脂与导电材料。第二弹性绝缘层设置于第二弹性导电层，且第二弹性绝缘层的组成包含弹性树脂。
其中，上述的弹性树脂的组成至少包含单乙烯基封端的聚二甲基硅氧烷(monovinyl terminated polydimethylsiloxane)、乙烯基改性Q硅树脂(vinyl modified Qsilica resin)或二甲基甲基氢(硅氧烷与聚硅氧烷)(Methylhydrosiloxane-dimethylsiloxane copolymer,trimethylsiloxane terminated)。
此外，弹性树脂的组成所包含的单乙烯基封端的聚二甲基硅氧烷的含量大于70％；弹性树脂的组成所包含的乙烯基改性Q硅树脂的含量小于30％；弹性树脂的组成所包含的二甲基甲基氢(硅氧烷与聚硅氧烷)的含量小于10％。
在本发明的一实施例中，弹性介电层含有10％至20％的介电材料，且介电材料由Sr1-xCaxTiO3化合物所组成，介电材料的介电常数介于15.65法拉/米与31.31法拉/米之间，藉以使弹性介电层的介电常数介于4.85法拉/米与9.45法拉/米之间。
在本发明的一实施例中，弹性介电层含有10％至20％的介电材料，且介电材料由Sr1-yBayTiO3化合物所组成，介电材料的介电常数介于139.84法拉/米与206.64法拉/米之间，藉以使弹性介电层的介电常数介于18.66法拉/米与44.63法拉/米之间。
在本发明的一实施例中，弹性介电层含有10％至20％的介电材料，且介电材料由BaTiO3化合物所组成，且介电材料的介电常数为2087.3法拉/米，藉以使弹性介电层的介电常数介于207.48法拉/米与408.31法拉/米之间。
如上所述，由于本发明所提供的拉伸传感器所采用的弹性介电层是通过弹性树脂与介电材料混合而成，因此可以依据使用者的需求来改变介电材料的添加量，进而调整弹性介电层的等效介电常数。
附图说明
图1是显示本发明较佳实施例所提供的拉伸传感器的立体分解示意图；
图2是显示本发明较佳实施例所提供的拉伸传感器的立体示意图；
图3是为图2的A-A剖面示意图；
图4是为图3的圈B放大示意图；
图5是为图3的拉伸传感器被拉伸后的剖面示意图；
图6是为图5的圈C放大示意图；
图7是显示本发明较佳实施例所提供的介电材料在不同添加量下的电容变化示意图；
图8是显示本发明较佳实施例所提供的介电材料在不同添加量下的电容变化示意图；以及
图9是显示本发明较佳实施例所提供的弹性介电层在不同拉伸率下的厚度变化百分比示意图。
附图标记说明
100：拉伸传感器；
1：第一弹性绝缘层；
2：第一弹性导电层；
3：弹性介电层；
4：第二弹性导电层；
5：第二弹性绝缘层；
L1：第一方向；
L2：第二方向；
d1：第一厚度；
d2：第二厚度。
具体实施方式
下面将结合示意图对本发明的具体实施方式进行更详细的描述。根据下列描述和权利要求，本发明的优点和特征将更清楚。需说明的是，附图均采用非常简化的形式且均使用非精准的比例，仅用以方便、明晰地辅助说明本发明实施例的目的。
请参阅图1与图2，图1是显示本发明较佳实施例所提供的拉伸传感器的立体分解示意图；图2是显示本发明较佳实施例所提供的拉伸传感器的立体示意图。
如图所示，一种拉伸传感器100包含一第一弹性绝缘层1、一第一弹性导电层2、一弹性介电层3、一第二弹性导电层4以及一第二弹性绝缘层5。
第一弹性绝缘层1的组成包含一弹性树脂，其中，弹性树脂的组成包含单乙烯基封端的聚二甲基硅氧烷(mono vinyl terminated polydimethylsiloxane，CAS No.为68951-99-5)、乙烯基改性Q硅树脂(vinyl modified Q silica resin，CAS No.为68584-83-8)以及二甲基甲基氢(硅氧烷与聚硅氧烷)(Methylhydrosiloxane-dimethylsiloxanecopolymer,trimethylsiloxane terminated，CAS No.为68037-59-2)，且弹性树脂的组成所包含的单乙烯基封端的聚二甲基硅氧烷的含量大于70％，弹性树脂的组成所包含的乙烯基改性Q硅树脂的含量小于30％，弹性树脂的组成所包含的二甲基甲基氢(硅氧烷与聚硅氧烷)的含量小于10％；在本实施例中，弹性树脂的组成所包含的单乙烯基封端的聚二甲基硅氧烷、乙烯基改性Q硅树脂以及二甲基甲基氢(硅氧烷与聚硅氧烷)的含量分别为75％、20％与5％，且第一弹性绝缘层1的拉伸率可达到340％左右。
承上所述，在实际运用上，弹性树脂可以通过添加交联剂或通过电子束照射的方式提高交联度，进而增加弹性树脂的弹性与强度，其中，交联剂例如为过氧化二异丙异丙苯(DCP)等，但不限于此。
第一弹性导电层2设置于第一弹性绝缘层1，且第一弹性导电层2的组成包含上述的弹性树脂与一导电材料，导电材料为纳米碳管或纳米银纤维等导体，且导电材料的添加量为50wt％。
弹性介电层3设置于第一弹性导电层2上，且弹性介电层3的组成包含上述的弹性树脂与一介电材料。其中，介电材料是由一Sr1-xCaxTiO3化合物所组成，且0.1≦x≦0.9，藉以使介电常数(Dielectric Constant；K)介于15.65法拉/米与31.31法拉/米之间。
下述表一为介电材料的组成与不同添加量下所相对提升的介电常数，如表一所示，当x＝0.1时，介电材料(Sr0.9Ca0.1TiO3化合物)的介电常数为31.31法拉/米；当x＝0.9时，介电材料(Sr0.1Ca0.9TiO3化合物)的介电常数为15.65法拉/米。另外，由于介电材料的添加量为10wt％至20wt％，因此在介电材料(Sr1-xCaxTiO3化合物)的x值不同时，添加介电材料后所相对提升的介电常数也会不同，进而使得弹性介电层3通过添加10wt％至20wt％的介电材料后，可以使弹性介电层3的介电常数介于4.85法拉/米与9.45法拉/米之间。
表一：
在本实施例中，介电材料除了上述的Sr1-xCaxTiO3化合物外，还可以选择添加一Sr1-yBayTiO3化合物或一BaTiO3化合物，其中0.1≦y≦0.9，而Sr1-yBayTiO3化合物与BaTiO3化合物的介电常数与弹性介电层3添加10wt％至20wt％的介电材料(Sr1-yBayTiO3或BaTiO3)的介电常数如下表二与表三。
表二：
表三：
由以上表一、表二与表三可知，本实施例的弹性介电层3可以通过添加而包含10％至20％的介电材料，且介电材料是由Sr1-xCaxTiO3化合物、Sr1-yBayTiO3化合物与BaTiO3化合物中的至少一者所组成，进而使含有介电材料的弹性介电层3的介电常数介于4.85法拉/米至408.31法拉/米之间。
第二弹性导电层4在本实施例中是与上述的第一弹性导电层2相同，其组成同样包含上述的弹性树脂与上述的导电材料，故在此不多加赘言。
第二弹性绝缘层5在本实施例中是与上述的第一弹性绝缘层1相同，其组成同样包含上述的弹性树脂，故在此不多加赘言。
请参阅图3至图6，图3是为图2的A-A剖面示意图；图4是为图3的圈B放大示意图；图5是为图3的拉伸传感器被拉伸后的剖面示意图；图6是为图5的圈C放大示意图。
如图所示，当拉伸传感器100的两端分别沿一第一方向L1与一相反于第一方向L1的第二方向L2被拉伸时，弹性介电层3的厚度会由一第一厚度d1缩减至一第二厚度d2。
承上所述，基于C＝εA/d的原理(C为电容，ε为介质的电容率，A为两平行导体的面积，d为间隔距离)，当弹性介电层3的厚度由第一厚度d1缩减至第二厚度d2时，第一弹性导电层2与第二弹性导电层4之间的电容值自然会相对的增加。
请继续参阅图7，图7是显示本发明较佳实施例所提供的介电材料在不同添加量下的电容变化示意图。如图所示，当介电材料(Sr1-xCaxTiO3化合物)的x为0.9时，介电材料(Sr0.2Ca0.8TiO3化合物)的介电常数为15.65，因此当介电材料以10％的粉体添加量添加于弹性树脂时，弹性介电层3的介电常数(K值)为4.85法拉/米，而当介电材料以20％的粉体添加量添加于弹性树脂时，弹性介电层3的介电常数为6.25法拉/米；另外，当介电材料的添加量为0时，弹性介电层3的介电常数(3.45法拉/米)即为上述弹性树脂本身的介电常数；由此可知，本发明的弹性介电层3可通过添加10％至20％的介电材料来有效的提升整体的等效介电常数。
请继续参阅图8，图8是显示本发明较佳实施例所提供的介电材料在不同添加量下的电容变化示意图。如图所示，同样以上述x＝0.9的介电材料(Sr0.1Ca0.9TiO3化合物)为例，弹性介电层3的电容(F)由无添加介电材料的5-12随着介电材料的添加量为10％与20％而提升至7-12与9-12。
请继续参阅图9，图9是显示本发明较佳实施例所提供的弹性介电层在不同拉伸率下的厚度变化百分比示意图。如图所示，同样以上述x＝0.9的介电材料(Sr0.1Ca0.9TiO3化合物)所构成的弹性介电层3为例，当弹性介电层3被拉伸至拉伸率约为235％时，弹性介电层3添加10％介电材料的曲线变化(虚线)与弹性介电层3添加10％介电材料的曲线变化(实线)皆能呈现出逐渐下降的线性变化。
综上所述，由于本发明所提供的拉伸传感器所采用的弹性介电层含有10％至20％重量百分比的介电材料(Sr1-xCaxTiO3化合物、Sr1-yBayTiO3化合物或一BaTiO3化合物，且0.1≦x≦0.9，0.1≦y≦0.9)，因此可以有效的控制弹性介电层整体的等效介电常数介于4.85法拉/米至408.31法拉/米之间，相较于现有的弹性树脂的介电常数普遍介于2至4的低介电常数，且需要通过改质的方式才能提升介电常数，本发明的弹性介电层的介电常数确实可以通过介电材料的添加而提升，进而相对的提升弹性介电层的电容值，且能有效的降低制造成本。
上述仅为本发明较佳的实施例而已，并不对本发明进行任何限制。任何所属技术领域的技术人员，在不脱离本发明的技术手段的范围内，对本发明揭露的技术手段和技术内容做任何形式的等同替换或修改等变动，均属未脱离本发明的技术手段的内容，仍属于本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (8)
1.一种拉伸传感器，包含：
第一弹性绝缘层，包含弹性树脂；
第一弹性导电层，设置于所述第一弹性绝缘层，且所述第一弹性导电层包含所述弹性树脂与导电材料；
弹性介电层，设置于所述第一弹性导电层，且所述弹性介电层包含所述弹性树脂与介电材料，所述介电材料是由一Sr1-xCaxTiO3化合物、Sr1-yBayTiO3化合物与BaTiO3化合物中的至少一者所组成，且0.1≦x≦0.9，0.1≦y≦0.9，藉以使所述介电材料的介电常数介于15.65法拉/米与2087.3法拉/米之间；
第二弹性导电层，设置于所述弹性介电层，且所述第二弹性导电层包含所述弹性树脂与所述导电材料；以及
第二弹性绝缘层，设置于所述第二弹性导电层，且所述第二弹性绝缘层包含所述弹性树脂；
其中，所述弹性介电层的介电常数是介于4.85法拉/米与408.31法拉/米之间。
2.根据权利要求1所述的拉伸传感器，其中，所述弹性树脂的组成至少包含单乙烯基封端的聚二甲基硅氧烷、乙烯基改性Q硅树脂或二甲基甲基氢(硅氧烷与聚硅氧烷)。
3.根据权利要求2所述的拉伸传感器，其中，所述弹性树脂的组成所包含的单乙烯基封端的聚二甲基硅氧烷的含量大于70％。
4.根据权利要求2所述的拉伸传感器，其中，所述弹性树脂的组成所包含的乙烯基改性Q硅树脂的含量小于30％。
5.根据权利要求2所述的拉伸传感器，其中，所述弹性树脂的组成所包含的二甲基甲基氢(硅氧烷与聚硅氧烷)的含量小于10％。
6.根据权利要求1所述的拉伸传感器，其中，所述弹性介电层含有10％至20％的所述介电材料，且所述介电材料是由所述Sr1-xCaxTiO3化合物所组成，所述介电材料的介电常数介于15.65法拉/米与31.31法拉/米之间，藉以使所述弹性介电层的介电常数介于4.85法拉/米与9.45法拉/米之间。
7.根据权利要求1所述的拉伸传感器，其中，所述弹性介电层含有10％至20％的所述介电材料，且所述介电材料是由所述Sr1-yBayTiO3化合物所组成，所述介电材料的介电常数是介于在139.84法拉/米与206.64法拉/米之间，藉以使所述弹性介电层的介电常数介于在18.66法拉/米与44.63法拉/米之间。
8.根据权利要求1所述的拉伸传感器，其中，所述弹性介电层含有10％至20％的所述介电材料，且所述介电材料是由所述BaTiO3化合物所组成，且所述介电材料的介电常数为2087.3法拉/米，藉以使所述弹性介电层的介电常数介于207.48法拉/米与408.31法拉/米之间。
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