CN108251627B - One kind carrying out local deformation heat treatment method to casting high manganese steel frog - Google Patents
One kind carrying out local deformation heat treatment method to casting high manganese steel frog Download PDFInfo
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- CN108251627B CN108251627B CN201810109618.XA CN201810109618A CN108251627B CN 108251627 B CN108251627 B CN 108251627B CN 201810109618 A CN201810109618 A CN 201810109618A CN 108251627 B CN108251627 B CN 108251627B
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- manganese steel
- high manganese
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- steel frog
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/04—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rails
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/02—Hardening articles or materials formed by forging or rolling, with no further heating beyond that required for the formation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/001—Austenite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2221/00—Treating localised areas of an article
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
One kind carrying out local deformation heat treatment method to casting high manganese steel frog, it mainly first casts out the high manganese steel frog that the wide 20mm of manganese steel frog point rail is higher by the other regional work face 15-35mm of railway frog to 60mm sections of width and wing rail and heart rail across segment length 1000mm region surface；This high manganese steel frog is heated to 1050-1100 DEG C, keeps the temperature 3-5h；Then manganese steel frog point rail and wing rail casting are higher by region and carry out the local thermal deformation that drafts is 15-35mm, whole railway frog working surface is set to be in same plane, it is heated to 1050-1100 DEG C again, direct-water-quenching is handled after keeping the temperature 10-60min, obtains single phase austenite mixed grain structure.Present invention process is simple, it is low in cost, high manganese steel frog service life can be increased substantially, the yield strength on high manganese steel frog surface layer improves 10% or more, tensile strength and improves 20% or more 20% or more, elongation percentage raising, 30% or more toughness raising after thermomechanical treatment, and fatigue life improves 1 times or more.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Materials Science and Engineering technical field, in particular to a kind of preparation method of railway frog.
Technical background
ZGMn13 Hadfield steel is that Britain engineer Hadfield is invented in September, 1882, and Great Britain is special
Benefit No.200, its first purposes is exactly in 1894 for making the railway frog of tramway, and is layed in USA New York
On the railway in Brooklyn Atlantic Ocean street.From this, almost all of railroad frog is all by this material in the world over more than 120 years
Production.The chemical component (wt%) for the ZGMn13 that initial Hadfield is announced is: C 1.35%, Si 0.69%, Mn
12.76%.Presently, it is recognized that ZGMn13 steel chemical component (wt%) range be C 1.0~1.4, Mn 11~14, remaining is
Iron and a small amount of impurity, such as Si, S, P.Currently, the average life (overload quantity) of the whole ZGMn13 steel railway frog of China's production
Be 1.2 hundred million tons, average life of the ZGMn13 steel railway frog of some developed countries in the U.S. and Europe production up to 200,000,000 tons with
On.With the raising of social development and railway transportation speed, people put forward higher requirements railroad frog service life.Cause
This, people are expanded extensively from alloying again, casting technique, heat treatment process etc. from further increasing former ZGMn13 steel railway frog
General research, but the effect for improving casting high manganese steel frog service life is unobvious always.
The high carbon high manganese steel forging manufacturability of austenite can it is very poor, machining difficulty be well-known the fact, therefore,
Wear-resistant austenitic manganese steel part is all that as-cast condition uses all the time, can not obtain forging state high manganese steel wear resistant part, this is unfavorable for height
The further excavation of manganese steel wear-resisting property, affects the use of potassium steel to a certain extent.This respect people had once done greatly
Quantifier elimination work and production practices.Document report is that Grigorkin etc. is higher than traditional potassium steel and carbon to manganese content earliest
The heterogeneity Series Austenite Manganese Steel that content is lower than traditional potassium steel carries out forging test, finds the lower austenite of carbon content
Manganese steel has preferable malleable performance.China research worker also successfully obtains forging potassium steel, but its in actual production
Carbon content is lower than traditional potassium steel, while forging technology is sufficiently complex, realizes that difficulty is larger in actual industrial production.So
And for traditional potassium steel, carbon content reduces the work hardening capacity that can reduce it and wear-resistant service performance.Therefore,
To guarantee that forging potassium steel has more satisfied wear-resisting service performance, it should forge and prepare carbon and manganese content and traditional potassium steel
The comparable Hadfield steel of ingredient.Polish Stanislaw Krol in 1981 to traditional wear-resistant austenitic manganese steel small specimen into
Row hot-working, obtain the very excellent forging state potassium steel of mechanical property (tensile strength improve 20%, yield strength improve 100%,
15%) impact toughness improves.In addition, other scholars have also carried out Test And Research Work in this respect, and it was found that potassium steel warp
After crossing hot rolling, largely it is precipitated along rolling direction carbide austenite along crystal boundary, causes macroscopical streaky structure, crystal grain refinement is also unknown
It is aobvious.It can be said that these tests are all to rest on the small sample in laboratory, and there is no the potassium steel forging work for stablizing maturation
Skill technology.
Currently, the patent in terms of the high Mn austenitic steel forging of tradition is seldom, only several open reports.Such as: Shen
Number a kind of rolling stock potassium steel cartridge abrasion disc and its forging method please be disclosed for a patent of CN201710272724.5, adopted
Deoxidation, desulfurization, degassing, the obtained potassium steel ingot casting of refinement crystal grain are carried out to potassium steel with electric furnace, it is additional to be less than potassium steel quality
0.5% vanadium, titanium, calcium, aluminium, cerium, boron and rare earth alterative；Potassium steel ingot casting is heated to 1040-1070 DEG C, heat preservation 3~5 is small
When, carry out solution treatment；Then, with the rate of heat addition of 250 DEG C/h of < from room temperature be heated to 800 DEG C after with stove heating until 1170
DEG C~1200 DEG C, until 1150~950 DEG C are forged, water-tenacity treatment is carried out after the completion of forging, and the forging containing single austenite is made
Make potassium steel blank；Cartridge abrasion disc forging molding is carried out using the method for open die forging, die forging；It is finally machined, is added
Work is at cartridge abrasion disc.Made cartridge abrasion disc conventional mechanical property are as follows: σ b >=950MPa, σ s >=350MPa, δ 5 >=
40%, ψ >=35%, Aku2≥260J/cm2；Grain size reaches 5 grades or more.The patent of Patent No. CN200510113952.5 is public
A kind of forging (rolling) production method for railway combined frog crossing point rail has been opened, including common potassium steel is made or passes through alloy
The potassium steel ingot casting of change, wherein the initial forging temperature of forging (rolling) is≤1350 DEG C, finish-forging (rolling) temperature >=900 DEG C, forging
Forging ratio when molding is in the range of 1.5~10.0.The patent of Patent No. CN201410815146.1 discloses a kind of forging
Potassium steel heart rail assembled frog is made, heart rail is made of forging high manganese steel material, and fork is with rail and wing rail uses and existing line
The burning optimization on line rail of same material is made.The patent of Patent No. CN201210378468.5 discloses a kind of conducting forging processing
Cast high manganese steels preparation method, the chemical composition of potassium steel are as follows: C0.7-1.5%, Mn10-17%, Si0.3-1.0%, P <
0.15%, S < 0.06%, remaining is Fe.Cast high manganese steels casting is put into electric furnace to 1150 DEG C~1200 DEG C and is kept the temperature, then
It comes out of the stove rapidly and carries out forging deformation processing；It is finally kept the temperature in 250 DEG C of -350 DEG C of tempering, finally obtained forging cast high manganese steels.
A kind of heart rail of the patent disclosure of Patent No. CN201410309935.8, wing rail insert use the assembled frog of forging potassium steel,
The assembled frog uses assembling combination structure, avoids loose interior tissue existing for fusion cast frog, stomata, shrinkage cavity, burning into sand etc.
Defect；Wing rail uses block insert type structure, avoids local damage and integrally scraps, improves railway frog Comprehensive service life, reduce
Maintenance cost.The above patented technology is all the process integrally forged to potassium steel, and technology realizes complicated, difficulty
Greatly, yield rate is low, at high cost.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of simple process, it is low in cost, high manganese steel frog can be increased substantially make
Local deformation heat treatment method is carried out to casting high manganese steel frog with the service life.
Method of the invention is as follows:
The wide 20mm of manganese steel frog point rail is cast out first crosses over segment length 1000mm to 60mm sections of width and wing rail and heart rail
Region surface is higher by the high manganese steel frog of the other regional work face 15-35mm of railway frog；This high manganese steel frog is heated to 1050-
1100 DEG C, heat preservation 3-5h carries out austenitizing solution treatment；Then, using flat-die hammer or press machine by manganese steel frog point
Rail and wing rail casting are higher by region and carry out drafts as the local thermal deformation of 15-35mm, and make whole high manganese steel frog worksheet
Face is in same plane, then high manganese steel frog after thermal deformation is directly heated 1050-1100 DEG C of heat preservation 10-60min and is carried out again
Direct-water-quenching is handled after crystallization treatment, obtains the high manganese Hadfield austenitic steel of single phase austenite mixed grain structure, that is, high-carbon.
The high manganese Hadfield austenitic steel of high-carbon allows containing 0.3-2.0wt%Mo, 1.0-2.0wt%Cr, 0.1-
The alloying element of 1.0wt%Ni, wherein S content is less than 0.03wt%, and P content is less than 0.04wt%.
The invention has the following advantages over the prior art:
1, simple process, to high manganese steel frog be on active service it is most severe, be easiest to the region carry out office for fatigue damage destruction occur
Cast high manganese steels are used without forging, holding in portion's forging plus heat treatment after forging, the other regions for not generating destruction of high manganese steel frog
Tissue, can both guarantee the service life for increasing substantially high manganese steel frog, and cost is greatly lowered, yield rate reaches in this way
To 100%.
It 2, is gradient thermal deformation recrystallized structure, surface layer through local deformation heat treatment high manganese steel frog surface layer 30mm inner tissue
Autstenitic grain size is 1-2 grades, and microshrinkage casting flaw is eliminated, and inclusion morphology, distribution and size are able to significantly
Improve.
3, the yield strength on high manganese steel frog surface layer improves 10% or more, tensile strength and improves 20% after thermomechanical treatment
Above, elongation percentage improves 20% or more, toughness and improves 30% or more, and fatigue life improves 1 times or more.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the high manganese steel frog simplified schematic diagram that the present invention is heat-treated.
Fig. 2 is the simplified schematic diagram for the manganese steel frog point rail that the present invention is heat-treated.
Fig. 3 is the A-A cross-sectional view of Fig. 1.
In figure: 1- heart rail, 2- wing rail.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Ingredient is cast as the potassium steel molten steel that common ZGMn13, P and S content is respectively 0.04 and 0.02wt% first
High manganese steel frog, and 1 width 20mm of its heart rail is made to cross over segment length 1000mm region surface to 60mm sections of width and wing rail 2 and heart rail
The other regional work face 15mm of railway frog are higher by,.This high manganese steel frog is heated to 1050 DEG C of guarantors
Warm 3h carries out austenitizing solution treatment.Directly by manganese steel frog point rail and wing rail casting be higher by region using flat-die hammer into
Row drafts is the local forging deformation of 15mm, and whole high manganese steel frog working surface is made to be in same plane after forging.It again will forging
High manganese steel frog after making is directly heated carry out recrystallization processing to 1050 DEG C of heat preservation 10min after direct-water-quenching handle, obtain single
Phase Mixed austenitic grain tissue.This high manganese steel frog surface layer 30mm inner tissue is gradient thermal deformation recrystallized structure, surface layer Ovshinsky
Body grain size is 1 grade, and microshrinkage casting flaw is eliminated, and inclusion morphology is improved.This high manganese steel frog surface layer
Yield strength improve 12%, tensile strength improve 21%, elongation percentage improve 22%, toughness improve 30%, fatigue life improve
1.2 again.
Embodiment 2
Ingredient is cast as height for the potassium steel molten steel that ZGMn13Mo, P and S content are respectively 0.03 and 0.03wt% first
Manganese steel frog, and it is higher by the wide 20mm of its heart rail with heart rail across segment length 1000mm region surface to 60mm sections of width and wing rail
The other regional work face 20mm of railway frog.This high manganese steel frog is heated to 1080 DEG C of heat preservation 4h to carry out at austenitizing solid solution
Reason.Manganese steel frog point rail and wing rail casting are directly higher by region and carry out the part forging that drafts is 20mm using press machine
Deformation, makes whole high manganese steel frog working surface be in same plane after thermal deformation.It is again that the high manganese steel frog after forging is direct
It is heated to direct-water-quenching after 1080 DEG C of heat preservation 30min carry out recrystallization processing to handle, obtains single phase austenite mixed grain structure.This
High manganese steel frog surface layer 30mm inner tissue is gradient thermal deformation recrystallized structure, and surface layer autstenitic grain size is 1.5 grades, microcosmic contracting
Hole casting flaw is eliminated, and inclusion morphology is improved.The yield strength on this high manganese steel frog surface layer improves 16%, resists
Tensile strength improves 26%, elongation percentage and improves 30%, toughness raising 51%, and fatigue life improves 1.8 times.
Embodiment 3
Ingredient is cast for the potassium steel molten steel that common ZGMn13Cr, P and S content is respectively 0.03 and 0.02wt% first
At high manganese steel frog, and the wide 20mm of its heart rail is made to cross over segment length 1000mm region surface to 60mm sections of width and wing rail and heart rail
It is higher by the other regional work face 30mm of railway frog.This high manganese steel frog is heated to 1100 DEG C of heat preservation 5h and carries out austenitizing solid solution
Processing.Manganese steel frog point rail and wing rail casting are directly higher by the part forging that open die forging progress drafts in region is 30mm to become
Shape makes whole high manganese steel frog working surface be in same plane after forging.The high manganese steel frog after forging is directly heated again
Direct-water-quenching is handled after 1100 DEG C of heat preservation 60min carry out recrystallization processing, obtains single phase austenite mixed grain structure.This potassium steel
Railway frog surface layer 30mm inner tissue is gradient thermal deformation recrystallized structure, and surface layer autstenitic grain size is 2 grades, and microshrinkage casting lacks
It falls into and is thoroughly eliminated, inclusion morphology, size and distribution are significantly improved.The surrender on this high manganese steel frog surface layer is strong
The 18%, tensile strength that degree improves improves 30%, elongation percentage and improves 40%, toughness raising 38%, and fatigue life improves 2.5 times.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of carry out local deformation heat treatment method to casting high manganese steel frog, it is characterized in that:
(1) it casts out the wide 20mm of heart rail and is higher by rut to 60mm sections of width and wing rail and heart rail across segment length 1000mm region surface
Pitch the high manganese steel frog of other regional work face 15-35mm；
(2) this high manganese steel frog is heated to 1050-1100 DEG C of heat preservation 3-5h and carries out austenitizing solution treatment；
(3) manganese steel frog point rail and wing rail casting are higher by region and carry out drafts as the local thermal deformation of 15-35mm, and made
Whole high manganese steel frog working surface is in same plane；
(4) high manganese steel frog after thermal deformation is directly heated after 1050-1100 DEG C of heat preservation 10-60min carry out recrystallization processing
Direct-water-quenching processing, obtains single phase austenite mixed grain structure.
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| CN201810109618.XA CN108251627B (en) | 2018-02-05 | 2018-02-05 | One kind carrying out local deformation heat treatment method to casting high manganese steel frog |
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| CN201810109618.XA CN108251627B (en) | 2018-02-05 | 2018-02-05 | One kind carrying out local deformation heat treatment method to casting high manganese steel frog |
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| CN108251627B true CN108251627B (en) | 2019-08-27 |
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| CN110592334B (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2021-04-06 | 燕山大学 | Method for improving local comprehensive mechanical property of high manganese steel frog |
| CN114507824B (en) * | 2022-01-29 | 2022-09-23 | 燕山大学 | Clean high-manganese austenitic steel frog and preparation method thereof |
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| CN101717847B (en) * | 2009-12-24 | 2011-06-15 | 燕山大学 | Mechanical impacting and hardening method for processing high manganese steel frog |
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