CN108251337B - Method for controlling reviving growth of overwintering blue algae - Google Patents
Method for controlling reviving growth of overwintering blue algae Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical class O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004113 Sepiolite Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052624 sepiolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000019355 sepiolite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 20
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 14
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 10
- 241000192700 Cyanobacteria Species 0.000 description 8
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 7
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 4
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229930002868 chlorophyll a Natural products 0.000 description 4
- ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M chlorophyll a Chemical compound C1([C@@H](C(=O)OC)C(=O)C2=C3C)=C2N2C3=CC(C(CC)=C3C)=[N+]4C3=CC3=C(C=C)C(C)=C5N3[Mg-2]42[N+]2=C1[C@@H](CCC(=O)OC\C=C(/C)CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@H](C)C2=C5 ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000192710 Microcystis aeruginosa Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000003619 algicide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003627 allelochemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036531 allelopathy Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002715 modification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/20—Bacteria; Culture media therefor
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for controlling the resuscitating growth of overwintering blue algae, which comprises the steps of covering the surface of sediment at the bottom of a water body with modified mineral substances when the period of 2-3 months is shortened, inhibiting the release of nutritive salt in the sediment, covering the overwintering blue algae, fixing plant straws, sinking and covering the surface of the sediment, and inhibiting the resuscitating growth and re-suspension of the overwintering blue algae. The invention utilizes the modified mineral substances to reduce nitrogen and phosphorus in the water body and prevent blue algae on the surface of the sediment from floating up to the water body; the plant straw can kill overwintering blue algae on the surface of the sediment, reduce the recovery of the overwintering blue algae in spring, prevent modified mineral disturbance to weaken the nitrogen and phosphorus control effect and enable the blue algae on the surface of the sediment to float up to the water body, and simultaneously slowly release carbon sources to promote the denitrification efficiency on the surface of the sediment, so that the effects of reducing nutrient salts, inhibiting algae by chemical substances and controlling algae by the blue algae seed source in a synergic and efficient manner are realized, and technical support is provided for controlling the blue algae bloom in the water body such as lakes, reservoirs and rivers.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of water environment treatment and cyanobacteria bloom control in the fields of environmental science and ecology, relates to eutrophication treatment and ecological restoration technologies of large shallow lakes, reservoirs, rivers and the like, and particularly relates to a method for controlling the reviving growth of overwintering cyanobacteria.
Background
The problem of eutrophication of lake water in China is serious, blue algae bloom continues to burst, the water quality and ecological environment are deteriorated, and the water supply safety is threatened. The existing control method of the lake cyanobacteria bloom comprises mechanical algae removal, modified clay algae removal, fish algae control, plant algae inhibition, microorganism algae control, preparation algae removal and the like, and emergency salvage measures are commonly used, wherein the emergency salvage measures comprise manual salvage, and the collection and treatment of the cyanobacteria bloom are carried out by using a cyanobacteria salvage ship, an algae salvage platform, an algae water separation station and the like, but the treated cyanobacteria bloom is very limited, and the phenomenon of frequent occurrence of the lake cyanobacteria bloom cannot be effectively changed. In recent years, the research shows that blue algae can overwinter on the surface of the bottom mud in winter, resuscitate and grow in spring, float to the water surface layer for rapid proliferation, and the blue algae bloom in summer is large-area outbreak due to generally higher nutrient salts in lake water bodies in China.
At present, few reports about overwintering blue algae treatment technology are provided, the national institutes of China's fertilizer-mixing yard utilizes large equipment to ' elute ' the sediment, the national institutes of China's Nanjing geography and the large clean ship of lakes utilized in lakes ' attempt to carry out pollution sediment disposal and blue algae seed source reduction, but more attempts are applied to carry out sediment dredging in winter to reduce overwintering blue algae; although the technology and the measures play a certain role, the phenomenon of outbreak of large-area water bloom in lakes is still not obtainedAnd (5) effective control. If the overwintering blue algae are effectively reduced in the overwintering area of the blue algae in the lake, and the blue algae seed sources are removed, the frequency and the area of the occurrence of blue algae bloom in summer can be effectively reduced. Patent document CN102295333B discloses a method for removing overwintering water bloom blue algae seed sources in large shallow lakes, which comprises the steps of using an algicide to remove background of the overwintering blue algae seed sources in water and bottom mud in the distribution area of the overwintering water bloom blue algae seed sources in two times in the overwintering period and the resuscitating period, wherein the 1 st time is carried out in the overwintering period, the 2 nd time is carried out before resuscitating the blue algae in the resuscitating period, and the algicide is prepared from rice straw leaching liquid with effective concentration and H 2 O 2 The composition needs to be implemented with assistance of enclosure, otherwise, the algicide is easy to dilute and spread along with lake flow, and the effect of removing the seed sources of the overwintering bloom blue algae in the lake is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a method for integrally controlling the reviving growth of overwintering blue algae by using a straw-sinking bed and modified minerals, which adopts the modified minerals to cover the surface of the sediment, so as to inhibit the release of nitrogen and phosphorus of the sediment, achieve the effect of synchronous denitrification and dephosphorization, further reduce the nutrient salt concentration of water, prevent blue algae on the surface of the sediment from floating up to the water, simultaneously utilize the plant straw-sinking bed to cover the surface of the sediment, prevent the disturbance of the modified minerals to weaken the nitrogen and phosphorus control effect, continuously and slowly release algae inhibiting substances and carbon sources, inhibit the reviving growth of the overwintering blue algae and resuspension the blue algae in the water along with wind waves, reduce and control the seed sources of the blue algae from the source, thereby inhibiting the growth of the blue algae from both the reduction of nutrient salt and the seed sources of the blue algae, and achieving the purposes of reducing the occurrence frequency and the scale area of blue algae bloom in summer in water bodies such as lakes, reservoirs and the like.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention specifically adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for controlling the reviving growth of overwintering blue algae comprises the following steps of:
(1) Covering the sediment surface at the bottom of the water body with modified mineral substances, inhibiting the release of nutrient salts in the sediment, and covering the overwintering blue algae;
(2) Plant straws are fixed and sunk to cover the surface of the sediment, so that the reviving growth and re-suspension of the overwintering blue algae are inhibited.
The modified mineral in the step (1) is one or two of modified zeolite and modified sepiolite.
Preferably, the modified mineral in the step (1) is a mixture of modified zeolite and modified sepiolite, and the mass ratio of the modified zeolite to the modified sepiolite is 1-2:1.
The coverage thickness of the modified mineral in the step (1) is 1-2 cm.
The coverage rate of the modified mineral in the step (1) is 100%, so that the recovery effect of the overwintering blue algae is optimal.
The two modified minerals can be purchased directly from the market or made by themselves according to methods reported in the literature. The modified zeolite is used for controlling the release of ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus in the sediment, and the modified sepiolite is used for controlling the release of phosphorus in the sediment, so that the synchronous denitrification and dephosphorization of overlying water of the sediment can be achieved, and the nitrogen and phosphorus concentration of the water body is reduced.
The fixed sinking mode of the plant straw in the step (2) is as follows: making plant straw into a straw mattress, placing the straw mattress on the surface of sediment at the bottom of the water body, and fixing the straw mattress at the bottom of the water body.
The straw mattress bed comprises a steel bar frame and straw ropes, wherein the straw ropes are tied on the frame, and the straw ropes are woven by straw.
The rebar framework can be square or other shapes made according to topography.
The straw bed is fixed by rivets.
The straw bed also comprises a floating ball and a floating ball rope, wherein the floating ball is connected with the frame through the floating ball rope.
The floating ball rope is a polyethylene rope. The floating ball is used as a mark, after the straw is rotten, a constructor can conveniently lift the frame out of the water surface, and the frame is repeatedly used, so that the cost is saved.
And (3) the thickness of the straw in the step (2) is 3-5 cm.
And (3) when the coverage rate of the straw in the step (2) reaches 100%, the recovery effect of the overwintering blue algae is optimal.
The straw in the step (2) is one or two of rice straw and wheat straw. The rice or wheat straw slowly decays at the water bottom to continuously and slowly release algae inhibiting substances and carbon sources, so that not only can the overwintering blue algae on the surface of sediment be killed or inhibited, but also the blue algae settled on the surface of the bottom mud can be prevented from suspending into the water body again under the action of storms, thereby reducing the recovery amount of the overwintering blue algae in spring and achieving the aims of inhibiting and controlling algae; the carbon source slowly released by the rice or wheat straw can supplement the carbon source consumption in the sediment surface denitrification process, improve the water denitrification efficiency and increase the denitrification effect.
The modified mineral substance is integrated with the algae inhibiting technology for controlling water nutrient salt, covering blue algae seed sources and the allelochemicals released by plant straw, so that the purposes of removing overwintering blue algae seed sources and inhibiting the resuscitative growth of blue algae in water bodies such as lakes and the like can be achieved.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, ammonia nitrogen release of sediment is controlled by utilizing modified zeolite, phosphorus release of sediment is controlled by modified sepiolite, so that synchronous denitrification and dephosphorization effects are achieved, nitrogen and phosphorus in water are reduced, and simultaneously release of nutritive salt in sediment is inhibited, so that overwintering blue algae is covered; the rice (or wheat) straw submerged bed is covered on the sediment surface and continuously and slowly releases algae inhibiting substances and carbon sources, so that the overwintering blue algae on the sediment surface can be killed, the recovery of the overwintering blue algae in spring is reduced, meanwhile, the slowly released carbon sources can promote the denitrification efficiency of the sediment surface, and the blue algae settled on the sediment surface can be prevented from suspending into the water body again due to the action of storms, so that the recovery of the overwintering blue algae in spring is reduced, the effects of nutrient salt reduction, blue algae seed source coverage and algae inhibition and high-efficiency algae control of the allelopathy substances are realized, and technical support is provided for controlling the blue algae bloom of the water body such as lakes, reservoirs, rivers and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a straw mattress according to the present invention.
Wherein 1 is straw rope woven by straw, 2 is plant straw mattress, 3 is water bottom, 4 is sediment, 5 is water surface, 6 is rivet 7 for fixing mattress is floating ball rope, 8 is floating ball.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1
In 10 months 2013, in a Taihu field observation station of Nanjing geography and lake research institute of China academy of sciences, 2 3X 5m test enclosures are utilized for the exhibition test, one treatment is a blue algae control enclosure, one treatment is a comparison enclosure, and 900L of algae water with higher blue algae concentration is added into the 2 enclosures to serve as a seed source; the technical scheme of the invention is implemented in 2014 for 2-3 months. Firstly, estimating the consumption of treatment materials according to the specific area and the area of the overwintering blue algae investigated in the lake site.
Material preparation: and (3) directly purchasing enough modified zeolite and modified sepiolite from the market, collecting or purchasing rice or wheat straws, sun-drying, purchasing reinforcing steel bars with the diameter of 8-12 mm for manufacturing the frame and rivets for manufacturing the fixed frame for later use.
Making a straw sinking bed: the dry rice straw is adopted to weave into straw ropes, then the straw ropes are manufactured into square frames by using reinforcing steel bars, and the straw ropes are orderly and tightly bound on the frames to form a straw bed body, wherein the thickness of the straw is 3-5 cm. A plurality of floating balls are tied on the frame through polyethylene ropes.
The implementation steps are as follows: firstly, covering the surface of a sediment by adopting modified mineral substances, wherein the modified mineral substances used in a region with higher ammonia nitrogen are composite modified mineral substances mixed by modified zeolite and modified sepiolite in a proportion of 2:1, and the modified mineral substances used in a region with common ammonia nitrogen concentration are composite modified mineral substances mixed by modified zeolite and modified sepiolite in a proportion of 1:1. In the embodiment, 300kg of modified zeolite and 300kg of modified sepiolite are mixed, the mixed modified mineral is covered on the surface of the sediment in the blue algae control enclosure area, the covering thickness reaches 1-2 cm, and the coverage rate is 100%.
After the measures of covering the sediment with the modifying substances are completed, 6 plant straw sunk beds with the size of 1 multiplied by 2.5 multiplied by 0.04m are utilized in the blue algae control enclosure to completely cover the surface of the sediment, so that the overwintering blue algae is inhibited from resuscitating and growing and re-suspending into the water body along with wind waves, and the blue algae seed sources are reduced and controlled from the source.
The monitoring result in 5-8 months in 2014 shows that compared with a control enclosure, the blue algae control enclosure has the advantages that the average reduction value of blue algae biomass in a water body reaches 86.5%, the average reduction value of chlorophyll a in the water body is 56.8%, the average reduction value of total phosphorus and total nitrogen is respectively 41.6% and 35.5%, and the blue algae control enclosure has remarkable effect.
Example 2
The only difference between this example 2 and example 1 is that the modified zeolite made by itself was used instead of the modified zeolite purchased in the market, and the method of making it was:
referring to related documents, mechanically crushing natural calcium-rich sepiolite raw ore into powder, drying at constant temperature, directly heating for modification, activating inert calcium in the natural calcium-rich sepiolite by a heating modification method, and enabling part of active calcium to enter a sepiolite lattice system, wherein the raw mineral components are recombined and reacted to generate the calcium-based sepiolite adsorbent with higher adsorption capacity on phosphorus; the zeolite is modified by 0.4mol/L NaCl, the modification time is determined by utilizing an ammonia adsorption curve, and when the effect is optimal, the zeolite is modified at 500 o Roasting for 2h under the condition of C to prepare the modified zeolite.
Other test methods, sites and times were identical to example 1, except that the straw used was wheat straw. The test result shows that the average value of the blue algae biomass reduction in the water body reaches 81.2%, the average value of the chlorophyll a in the water body is reduced by 49.5%, the average value of the total phosphorus and the total nitrogen is respectively reduced by 36.5% and 25.6%, and the blue algae control and water quality improvement effects are remarkable.
Example 3
The embodiment 3 is identical to the embodiment 1 in the implementation place and time, except that only modified minerals are added to cover the surface of the sediment in the blue algae control enclosure area without using a straw immersed bed, the coverage thickness of the modified minerals reaches 1-2 cm, and the coverage rate is 100%. The test result shows that the average reduction value of blue algae biomass in the water body reaches 30.3 percent, the average reduction value of chlorophyll a in the water body is 22.6 percent, and the average value of total phosphorus and total nitrogen is respectively reduced by 29.5 percent and 20.7 percent.
Example 4
The example 4 was carried out at the same place and time as the example 1, except that only 6 plant straw beds of 1×2.5×0.04m were used in the cyanobacteria control enclosure, and the surface of the deposit was completely covered. The test result shows that the average value of the blue algae biomass reduction in the water body reaches 45.1 percent, the average value of chlorophyll a in the water body is reduced by 27.6 percent, and the total phosphorus and total nitrogen concentration and the contrast have no obvious change.
Claims (4)
1. A method for controlling the reviving growth of overwintering blue algae is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Covering the sediment surface at the bottom of the water body with modified mineral substances, inhibiting the release of nutrient salts in the sediment, and covering the overwintering blue algae; the modified mineral is a mixture of modified zeolite and modified sepiolite, and the mass ratio of the modified zeolite to the modified sepiolite is 1-2:1;
(2) Fixing and sinking plant straw to cover the surface of the sediment, and inhibiting the resuscitating growth and re-suspension of the overwintering blue algae; the straw is one or two of rice straw and wheat straw; the fixing and sinking mode of the plant straw is as follows: manufacturing plant straws into a straw mattress, placing the straw mattress on the surface of sediment at the bottom of a water body, and fixing the straw mattress at the bottom of the water body; the straw mattress bed comprises a steel bar frame and straw ropes, wherein the straw ropes are tied on the frame and are woven by straw; the straw bed is fixed by rivets.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the modified mineral in step (1) has a coverage thickness of 1 to 2cm.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the straw bed further comprises a float and a float rope, the float being connected to the frame by the float rope.
4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the thickness of the straw in the step (2) is 3 to 5cm.
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| CN112062236A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2020-12-11 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 | In-situ cleaning method for overwintering blue algae seed source |
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