CN108239703B - A kind of electrochemical method and equipment controlling bioleaching process - Google Patents
A kind of electrochemical method and equipment controlling bioleaching process Download PDFInfo
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- CN108239703B CN108239703B CN201611203024.2A CN201611203024A CN108239703B CN 108239703 B CN108239703 B CN 108239703B CN 201611203024 A CN201611203024 A CN 201611203024A CN 108239703 B CN108239703 B CN 108239703B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/18—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes with the aid of microorganisms or enzymes, e.g. bacteria or algae
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0063—Hydrometallurgy
- C22B15/0065—Leaching or slurrying
- C22B15/0067—Leaching or slurrying with acids or salts thereof
- C22B15/0071—Leaching or slurrying with acids or salts thereof containing sulfur
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/02—Apparatus therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of electrochemical methods and equipment for controlling bioleaching process, it is, by electrochemical control Leaching Systems oxidation-reduction potential, to maintain pH value substantially constant in bioleaching process, while not influencing copper-sulphide ores dissolution, the quick oxidation of pyrite can be effectively suppressed.This method can accurately control oxidation-reduction potential in Leaching Systems, to realize that copper-sulphide ores Selectively leaching creates conditions.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to biological metallurgy fields, are related to a kind of electrochemical method for controlling bioleaching process.This method is answered
For the bioleaching process of the higher low-grade copper sulfide ores of pyrite content and the watershed management of acid wastewater in mine.
Background technique
With the continuous exploitation of mineral resources, valuable metal grade is increasingly reduced, and recovery difficult continues to increase.It is with copper mine
Example, the copper grade verified mostly is lower than 0.5%, and pyrite content is higher, economical can not be returned using traditional selecting and smelting technology
It receives.
In recent years, the biological metallurgy technology of research and development can solve the low technical problem of the copper resource rate of recovery, but in leaching after
Phase acid, iron excess, subsequent solution purification and copper ion extraction cost increase, and environmental protection pressure increases.In addition, mining removing
In barren rock, during long-term stockpiling, under the action of bacterium, water and oxygen, a large amount of acid waste water is generated, is the one of mine environmental protection
A especially big hidden danger.
Most sulphide ores are all semiconductors, and course of dissolution chemical reaction all carries out on mineral/electrolyte interface, and adjoint
By the electric charge transfer at interface, sulphide ore semiconductor course of dissolution follows electrochemical mechanism.The presence of bacterium accelerates surface
The diffusion rate of substance and electronics enhances the reactivity worth of sulphide ore, promotes the oxidation reaction speed of mineral, corrosion reaction
Speed significantly improves, but bacterium does not have an impact the redox reaction process mechanism of sulphide ore electrode.Different crystal forms
Sulphide ore, dissolution mechanism is different, has different decomposition potentials in oxidative dissolving process.Pyrite lattice is relatively steady
Fixed, valence link is mainly formed by metallic atom track, and after surface loses electronics, M-S key will not be destroyed, and only improves surface electricity
Position, valence link is just destroyed when reaching decomposition potential.And the valence link of copper-sulphide ores is by metallic atom and sulphur atom common rail shape
At, as long as surface loses electronics, M-S key will be destroyed.The decomposition potential of two class mineral has differences, in different oxidations
Rate of dissolution has differences under reduction potential.
Therefore, sulphide ore semiconductor sulphide ore biooxidation reactions follow electrochemical kinetics basic law, electrochemistry association
Same-action has decisive influence to sulphide ore course of dissolution.Therefore, the electrochemical method for how controlling bioleaching process,
Under conditions of not influencing copper mine leaching rate, effectively inhibit the dissolution of pyrite, reducing sour iron generation rate becomes urgently to be resolved
Problem.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the object of the present invention is to provide it is a kind of control bioleaching process electrochemical apparatus,
Bioleaching process oxidation-reduction potential can be accurately controlled using the equipment, keeps pH value basicly stable, can be effectively suppressed
Pyrite quickly dissolves, and realizes copper-sulphide ores Selectively leaching.
Another object of the present invention is to provide it is a kind of control bioleaching process electrochemical reaction method, in conjunction with
The dissolution of pyrite can be effectively suppressed under conditions of not influencing copper mine leaching rate in above equipment, reduces sour iron and generates rate.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention is as follows using technical solution:
The present invention provides a kind of electrochemical apparatus for controlling bioleaching process, including an electrochemical cell and a control of Electric potentials
Device；Wherein, which is separated into two parts for containing electrochemical reaction liquid, and by a partition, and a part is anode
Reaction zone, another part are cathodic region, and a working electrode, an auxiliary electrode, a blender and one are equipped in the anode reaction area
Ventilation pipe is equipped with a reference electrode in the cathodic region；
The partition is the partition with cation-exchange membrane；
The working electrode is graphite electrode, positioned at anode reaction area close to the region of partition；
The auxiliary electrode is platinum electrode, the region positioned at anode reaction area far from partition；
The blender is located at anode reaction district center, and blender bottom end is cross flabellum, for being stirred by flabellum rotation
Mixing is uniformly mixed electrochemical reaction liquid；
The ventilation pipe is located between the auxiliary electrode in anode reaction area and the cell wall of the electrochemical cell, the ventilation pipe
Bottom wall of the end close to the electrochemical cell；
The reference electrode is saturated calomel electrode, positioned at the region of cathodic region principle partition；
The potentiometric controller is connect with working electrode, auxiliary electrode and reference electrode respectively by electric wire, for controlling sun
Oxidation-reduction potential between pole reaction zone and cathodic region.
The present invention separately provides a kind of electrochemical reaction method for controlling bioleaching process, includes the following steps:
1) provide one for controlling the electrochemical apparatus of bioleaching process, the electrochemical apparatus include an electrochemical cell and
One potentiometric controller；Wherein, which is separated into two parts by a partition, and a part is anode reaction area, another portion
It is divided into cathodic region, a working electrode, an auxiliary electrode, a blender and a ventilation pipe, the yin is equipped in the anode reaction area
A reference electrode is equipped in polar region；
2) electrochemical reaction liquid is injected into the electrochemical cell, liquid level is higher than cation-exchange membrane 1-2mm, to cathodic region plus
Enter cultured mixed bacteria liquid, additive amount is the 20v/v% of electrochemical reaction liquid；
3) the copper-sulphide ores miberal powder of 0.074mm or less accounting 80% is added to anode reaction area, being configured to concentration is 5w/
The ore pulp solution of w%, is ventilated by the ventilation pipe, provides oxygen for bacterial growth, which is stirred, mixing speed
For 150rpm, the reaction time is 10~15 days；
Wherein, the ingredient of electrochemical reaction liquid are as follows: the water for being 1.5 by the pH that 20v/v% sulfuric acid is prepared.
Preferably: by oxidation reduction potential control in 650~760 (SHE) ranges.
Preferably, H+Can be by the cation-exchange membrane between cathode and anode region, controlling cathodic reaction zone pH value is 1.5
~1.8.
Preferably, the preparation method of the copper-sulphide ores ore pulp solution are as follows: copper-sulphide ores are milled to -0.074mm accounting
80% or more, it is added to the water and is configured to copper-sulphide ores ore pulp solution.
Preferably, the copper-sulphide ores are vitreous copper, covellite, blue vitreous copper or chalcopyrite.
Preferably, the ventilatory capacity of the ventilation pipe is 2~5L/m3/min。
Wherein, the classification naming of Thiobacillus thioxidans is Thiobacillus ferrooxidans Retech V, preservation
Unit are as follows: China typical culture collection center, address: Wuhan, China Wuhan University, preservation date: on October 21st, 2002,
Deposit number: CCTCC NO:M202039；
Ferrous oxide hook end spirillum classification naming is Leptospirillum ferrooxidans Retech-SPL-1,
Depositary institution are as follows: China typical culture collection center, address: Wuhan, China Wuhan University, preservation date: October 17 in 2008
Day, deposit number: CCTCC NO:M208162.
Above-mentioned Mixed Microbes the preparation method comprises the following steps: by the bacterium of preservation by rejuvenation, improve activity, then carry out expansion training again
It supports, finally obtains and leach bacterium used.
Culture medium prescription are as follows: the low-grade vulcanization miberal powder 10.0g containing pyrite, zincblende；Sulphur powder 1.0g；(NH4)2SO4
1.5g；K2HPO41.0g；KCl 0.1g；MgSO40.5g；Distilled water 1000mL, 121 DEG C of sterilizing 30min.
Rejuvenation: Thiobacillus thioxidans and ferrous oxide hook end spirillum are seeded in respectively in 200mL culture medium, temperature is
30 DEG C, shaking table 120rpm, which is cultivated to bacteria concentration, is higher than 106A/mL.
Expand culture: the Thiobacillus thioxidans of rejuvenation and ferrous oxide hook end spirillum be inoculated in the medium respectively,
Inoculum concentration is respectively 5%, and temperature is 30 DEG C, and shaking table culture to bacteria concentration is higher than 106A/mL, after then being mixed according to the ratio of 1:1
It accesses in reactive tank.
Method bonding apparatus provided by the invention can be by oxidation reduction potential control within the scope of 650~760mV.
By electrochemical regulating and controlling method, oxidation-reduction potential in Leaching Systems is controlled, makes pH value substantially constant, inhibits yellow iron
Copper-sulphide ores Selectively leaching is realized in the quick dissolution of mine.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
A kind of electrochemical reaction method and equipment controlling bioleaching process of the present invention, this method and equipment energy
Enough make bioleaching process quantification controllable, realizes copper-sulphide ores Selectively leaching.It reduces subsequent solution purification, be separated into
This, and sour iron yield can be greatly lowered, it can produce higher economic benefit.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the electrochemical apparatus schematic diagram of control bioleaching process provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is to be gone back using the Leaching Systems oxidation of the electrochemical reaction method of control bioleaching process provided by the invention
Former current potential variation.
Fig. 3 is to be become using the Leaching Systems pH value of the electrochemical reaction method of control bioleaching process provided by the invention
Change curve.
Specific embodiment
SHE is standard hydrogen electrode abbreviation, unit mV in the present invention.
Electrochemical cell and partition provided by the present invention are made of PVC material, and cation-exchange membrane is the height containing sulfonate radical
Molecular material (such as high density polyethylene (HDPE)), it only allows H+Through without allowing solute to pass through.
The present invention program is further elaborated with reference to embodiments:
As shown in Figure 1, for it is provided by the invention control bioleaching process electrochemical apparatus, including an electrochemical cell and
One potentiometric controller 7；Wherein, which is separated into two parts for containing electrochemical reaction liquid, and by a partition 5,
A part is anode reaction area, and another part is cathodic region, and a working electrode 4, an auxiliary electrode are equipped in the anode reaction area
2, a blender 3 and a ventilation pipe 1 are equipped with a reference electrode 6 in the cathodic region；The partition 5 is with cation-exchange membrane
The partition of (such as sulfonic acid type density polyethylene film with high)；The working electrode 4 is graphite electrode, positioned at anode reaction area close to partition
Region；The auxiliary electrode 2 is platinum electrode, the region positioned at anode reaction area far from partition；The blender 3 is located at anode reaction area
Center, blender bottom end are cross flabellum, for being uniformly mixed electrochemical reaction liquid by flabellum Stirring；The ventilation
Pipeline 1 is located between the auxiliary electrode in anode reaction area and the cell wall of the electrochemical cell, and the end of the ventilation pipe is close to the electricity
The bottom wall of chemical tank；The reference electrode 6 is saturated calomel electrode, positioned at the region of cathodic region principle partition；The potentiometric controller 7
It is connect respectively with working electrode, auxiliary electrode and reference electrode by electric wire, for controlling between anode reaction area and cathodic region
Oxidation-reduction potential.
Embodiment 1
The ore of use comes from Fujian low-grade copper sulfide ores, and copper is mainly deposited in the form of vitreous copper and covellite in ore
Pyrite content is higher, and gangue mineral mainly exists with silicate patterns, and acid consumption is lower.Ore essential element analysis knot
Fruit is shown in Table 1.
1 essential element chemical analysis results of table
| Cu | Fe | S | SiO2 | |
| Content/wt% | 0.35 | 3.52 | 3.81 | 79.28 |
Tap water is added in electrochemical cell first, uses the acid water that 20v/v% sulfuric acid secure ph is 1.50 as electrochemical
Reaction solution is learned, anode region and cathodic reaction zone is added, then access cultured Mixed Microbes in cathodic region, inoculum concentration is 20% (v/
V), then it is added the miberal powder that -74 microns of accountings are greater than 80%, preparations pulp density is 5% (w/w), and blowing air, ventilatory capacity control
System in 4L/min, mixing speed 150rpm, temperature is room temperature, control oxidation-reduction potential be 740mV, the reaction time 15 days.
Leaching test the results are shown in Table 2 and Fig. 2, Fig. 3.
2 copper and iron leaching test result of table
| Extraction time/d | 4 | 8 | 12 | 16 |
| Cu leaching rate/% | 40.24 | 60.75 | 72.58 | 80.12 |
| Fe leaching rate/% | 6.24 | 8.18 | 9.26 | 10.12 |
, can be effectively by control of Electric potentials in 730mV by using the method for the present invention, and H+Pass through cation-exchange membrane and yin
Polar region reaches balance, and pH value is controlled substantially 1.50, keeps bacterium Steady breed.By controlling current potential, pyrite is effectively inhibited
Quick dissolution, leach 16 days, iron has leached only 10.12%, and copper leaching rate reaches 80.12%.It is thereby achieved that vulcanization
Copper mine Selectively leaching.
Embodiment 2
The ore of use comes from Xinjiang low-grade copper sulfide ores, and copper is mainly deposited in the form of vitreous copper and chalcopyrite in ore
Pyrite content is higher, and gangue mineral mainly exists with silicate patterns, and acid consumption is lower.Ore essential element analysis knot
Fruit is shown in Table 3.
3 essential element chemical analysis results of table
| Cu | Fe | S | SiO2 | |
| Content/wt% | 0.45 | 3.61 | 3.71 | 80.12 |
Tap water is added in electrochemical cell first, uses the acid water that 20v/v% sulfuric acid secure ph is 1.50 as electrochemical
Reaction solution is learned, anode region and cathodic reaction zone is added, then access cultured Mixed Microbes in cathodic region, inoculum concentration is 20% (v/
V), the miberal powder that -74 microns of accountings are greater than 80% is then added, preparation pulp density is 5% (w/w), and is ventilated, ventilatory capacity control
In 3L/min, mixing speed 150rpm, temperature is room temperature, control oxidation-reduction potential be 700mV, the reaction time 15 days.Leaching
Test result is shown in Table 4 out.
4 copper and iron leaching test result of table
| Extraction time/d | 4 | 8 | 12 | 16 |
| Cu leaching rate/% | 38.18 | 58.45 | 68.49 | 76.69 |
| Fe leaching rate/% | 5.34 | 7.38 | 8.86 | 9.78 |
, can be effectively by control of Electric potentials in 710mV by using the method for the present invention, and H+Pass through cation-exchange membrane and yin
Polar region reaches balance, and pH value is controlled substantially 1.80, keeps bacterium Steady breed.By controlling current potential, pyrite is effectively inhibited
Quick dissolution, leach 16 days, iron has leached only 9.78%, and copper leaching rate reaches 76.69%.It is thereby achieved that vulcanization
Copper mine Selectively leaching.
Leaching process oxidation-reduction potential is controlled by electrochemical regulating and controlling method and is lower than 760mV, and pH value 1.5~1.8 is realized
Current potential and pH value Rational Matching of Parameters, inhibit the leaching of pyrite, slow down the accumulation of sour iron.
From above-described embodiment as can be seen that the electrochemical reaction device and method, can be such that the pH of Bioleaching system maintains
Stablize, while not influencing copper-sulphide ores dissolution, the quick oxidation of pyrite can be effectively suppressed.This method can be controlled accurately
Oxidation-reduction potential in Leaching Systems, to realize that copper-sulphide ores Selectively leaching creates conditions.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of electrochemical apparatus for controlling bioleaching process, which is characterized in that including an electrochemical cell and a control of Electric potentials
Device；Wherein, which is separated into two parts for containing electrochemical reaction liquid, and by a partition, and a part is anode
Reaction zone, another part are cathodic region, and a working electrode, an auxiliary electrode, a blender and one are equipped in the anode reaction area
Ventilation pipe is equipped with a reference electrode in the cathodic region；
The partition lower half is provided with reticulated cell, and netted hole surface is covered with cation-exchange membrane；
The working electrode is graphite electrode, positioned at anode reaction area close to the region of partition；
The auxiliary electrode is platinum electrode, the region positioned at anode reaction area far from partition；
The blender is located at anode reaction district center, and blender bottom end is cross flabellum, for being made by flabellum Stirring
Electrochemical reaction liquid is uniformly mixed；
The ventilation pipe is located between the auxiliary electrode in anode reaction area and the cell wall of the electrochemical cell, the end of the ventilation pipe
Close to the bottom wall of the electrochemical cell, for providing sufficient oxygen for reaction system；
The reference electrode is saturated calomel electrode, the region positioned at cathodic region far from partition；
The potentiometric controller is connect with working electrode, auxiliary electrode and reference electrode respectively by electric wire, anti-for controlling anode
Answer the oxidation-reduction potential between area and cathodic region.
2. a kind of electrochemical reaction method for controlling bioleaching process, which comprises the steps of:
1) one is provided as described in claim 1 for controlling the electrochemical apparatus of bioleaching process, the electrochemical apparatus packet
Include an electrochemical cell and a potentiometric controller；Wherein, which is separated into two parts by a partition, and a part is anode
Reaction zone, another part are cathodic region, and a working electrode, an auxiliary electrode, a blender and one are equipped in the anode reaction area
Ventilation pipe is equipped with a reference electrode in the cathodic region；
2) electrochemical reaction liquid is injected into the electrochemical cell, liquid level is higher than cation-exchange membrane 1-2mm, is added and trains to cathodic region
The mixed bacteria liquid supported, additive amount are the 20v/v% of electrochemical reaction liquid；
3) the copper-sulphide ores miberal powder of 0.074mm or less accounting 80% is added to anode reaction area, being configured to concentration is 5w/w%
Ore pulp solution, ventilated by the ventilation pipe, provide oxygen for bacterial growth, which is stirred, and mixing speed is
150rpm；Reaction time is 10~15 days；
Wherein, the ingredient of electrochemical reaction liquid are as follows: the water for being 1.5 by the pH that 20v/v% sulfuric acid is prepared；
By oxidation reduction potential control in 650~760mV；
Controlling cathodic reaction zone pH value by additional 20v/v% sulfuric acid is 1.5~1.8.
3. a kind of electrochemical reaction method for controlling bioleaching process according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described
The preparation method of copper-sulphide ores ore pulp solution are as follows: copper-sulphide ores are milled to -74 mesh accountings greater than 80%, be added to the water preparation
At copper-sulphide ores ore pulp solution.
4. a kind of electrochemical reaction method for controlling bioleaching process according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described
Copper-sulphide ores are vitreous copper, covellite, blue vitreous copper or chalcopyrite.
5. a kind of electrochemical reaction method for controlling bioleaching process according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described
The ventilatory capacity of ventilation pipe is 2~5L/m of ventilatory capacity3/min。
6. a kind of electrochemical reaction method for controlling bioleaching process according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described
Mixed Microbes are that Thiobacillus thioxidans and ferrous oxide hook end spirillum are mixed with 1:1；
Wherein, the classification naming of Thiobacillus thioxidans is Thiobacillus ferrooxidans Retech V, depositary institution
Are as follows: China typical culture collection center, address: Wuhan, China Wuhan University, preservation date: on October 21st, 2002, preservation
Number: CCTCC NO:M202039；
Ferrous oxide hook end spirillum classification naming is Leptospirillum ferrooxidans Retech-SPL-1, preservation
Unit are as follows: China typical culture collection center, address: Wuhan, China Wuhan University, preservation date: on October 17th, 2008,
Deposit number: CCTCC NO:M208162.
7. a kind of electrochemical reaction method for controlling bioleaching process according to claim 6, which is characterized in that described
The rejuvenation of Thiobacillus thioxidans and ferrous oxide hook end spirillum, the culture medium for expanding culture are as follows: culture medium prescription are as follows: contain Huang Tie
The low-grade vulcanization miberal powder 10.0g of mine, zincblende；Sulphur powder 1.0g；(NH4)2SO41.5g；K2HPO41.0g；KCl 0.1g；
MgSO40.5g；Distilled water 1000mL, 121 DEG C of sterilizing 30min.
8. a kind of electrochemical reaction method for controlling bioleaching process according to claim 6, which is characterized in that oxidation
The rejuvenation of sulphur Thiobacillus and ferrous oxide hook end spirillum, the method for expanding culture are as follows:
Rejuvenation: Thiobacillus thioxidans and ferrous oxide hook end spirillum are seeded in respectively in 200mL culture medium, temperature 30
DEG C, shaking table 120rpm, which is cultivated to bacteria concentration, is higher than 106A/mL；
Expand culture: the Thiobacillus thioxidans of rejuvenation and ferrous oxide hook end spirillum are inoculated in the medium respectively, inoculation
Amount is respectively 5%, and temperature is 30 DEG C, and shaking table culture to bacteria concentration is higher than 106A/mL.
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| CN108998668B (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2020-01-31 | 中南大学 | method for regulating and controlling dissolution of high-iron sphalerite |
| CN109628357A (en) * | 2019-02-12 | 2019-04-16 | 黑龙江八农垦大学 | A kind of ferrous oxide complex microbial inoculum and its application |
| CN112080637B (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2021-11-23 | 中国科学院微生物研究所 | Photoelectric energy method for promoting microbial Ar-4 biological metallurgy leaching rate |
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