One plant of brevibacterium and its method for heavy metals in farmland pollution in-situ immobilization
Technical field
The invention belongs to microbe subject fields, are related to one plant of brevibacterium, which can be in high concentration heavy metal
It survives in the presence of ion, insoluble phosphate is converted into soluble phosphate and the brevibacterium pollutes for heavy metals in farmland
The method of in-situ immobilization.
Background technology
China's heavy metals in farmland is seriously polluted, and existing administration way is mainly based on chemical passivation, and quite a few is changed
It is fungicide to learn passivator (such as lime, vulcanized sodium etc.), and soil is easily killed during heavy metals in farmland pollution control is carried out
The problems such as indigenous microorganism group in earth causes soil hardening, and fertility declines.On the other hand, there is 74% arable land soil in China
Earth lacks phosphorus, since the phosphate fertilizer of application is easily cured, cause 95% and its above phosphorus by be difficult to be utilized it is invalid in the form of exist,
Farmland phosphate fertilizer often excessively adds, and has further resulted in the hardened of soil.It therefore, will if the dissolving P capacity of microorganism can be utilized
In by the farmland of heavy metal pollution, the unemployed phosphorus formed due to excessive phosphate fertilizer adds is converted into titanium pigment, on the one hand
Titanium pigment can form insoluble phosphate with heavy metal, on the other hand in-situ solidifying heavy metal can be provided for plant growth
It is sustained and effective phosphorus.
Invention content
First purpose of the present invention is to provide one plant of brevibacterium brevibacterium strain, which can be dense in high heavy metal ion
In the presence of degree, efficiently the phosphorus in calcium phosphate is released, forms PO4 3-, and PO4 3-Can with heavy metal ion for example copper, lead,
Zinc etc. forms insoluble metal phosphate.
Second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of culture medium can be enriched with, detach, cultivating the bacterium.
Third object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method polluted using the bacterium in situ remediation heavy metals in farmland.
The purpose of the present invention is what is be achieved through the following technical solutions:
The present invention provides one plant of brevibacterium, and the Classification And Nomenclature of the bacterium is brevibacterium (Brevibacterium sp.) GRINM
L2, depositary institution are:China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center, address are:Chaoyang District, Beijing City
The institute 3 of North Star West Road 1, Institute of Microorganism, Academia Sinica, preservation date:On September 29th, 2016, deposit number:CGMCC
No.13064。
The colony characteristics of bacterial strain are as described above:31 DEG C of growths are very fast on solid medium, and colony diameter is after 3 days
3mm, phosphorus decomposing loop diameter are 5mm, and bacterium colony is in regular circle shapes, and color is blue, and quality is fine and close, and transparent circle is circle, is close to bacterium
It is born length.
Bacterial strain as described above efficiently can release the phosphorus in calcium phosphate in the presence of high concentration of heavy metal ion,
Form PO4 3-, and PO4 3-Insoluble metal phosphate can be formed with heavy metal ion such as copper, lead, zinc etc..
For being enriched with, being separately cultured the culture medium of above-mentioned brevibacterium, including:The formula of the culture medium is:10 parts by weight Portugals
Grape sugar, 5 parts by weight of phosphoric acid calcium, 0.3 parts by weight epsom salt, 0.5 parts sulfuric acid ammonium, 0.3 parts by wt NaCl, 0.3 weight
Measure part potassium chloride, 0.002 parts sulfuric acid manganese, 0.03 parts by weight ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 1 parts by weight yeast extract, 1000 weights
Measure part distilled water, pH7.0~7.5
Above-mentioned culture medium 121 DEG C of sterilizing 30min in high-pressure sterilizing pot are spare.
The enrichment of brevibacterium as described above, isolated culture method, above-mentioned brevibacterium strain is inoculated with into training as described above
It supports in base, under 30-33 DEG C of cultivation temperature, 100rpm shaking table cultures to bacteria concentration are 108A/mL.
The present invention also provides a kind of methods that heavy metals in farmland pollution in-situ immobilization is carried out using brevibacterium as described above, will
The strain of the brevibacterium after carrying out enrichment culture using method as described above, is seeded to heavy metal pollution farmland, inoculum concentration
For every m3Volume 2-4L, preferably 3L.
When repairing effect is bad or has new heavy metal pollution to enter farmland, culture medium as described above can be added.
The preparation method of brevibacterium is as described above:
(1) culture medium
For detaching the solid medium of strain:10g/L glucose, 5g/L calcium phosphate, 0.3g/L epsom salts,
0.5g/L ammonium sulfate, 0.3g/L sodium chloride, 0.3g/L potassium chloride, 0.002g/L manganese sulfates, 0.03g/L ferrous sulfate heptahydrates, 1g/
L yeast extracts, agar 20g, 0.4% bromophenol blue 6mL, 1L water, pH7.0~7.5.
For being enriched with the fluid nutrient medium of strain:10g/L glucose, 5g/L calcium phosphate, 0.3g/L epsom salts,
0.5g/L ammonium sulfate, 0.3g/L sodium chloride, 0.3g/L potassium chloride, 0.002g/L manganese sulfates, 0.03g/L ferrous sulfate heptahydrates, 1g/
L yeast extracts, 1L water, pH7.0~7.5.
Above-mentioned culture medium 121 DEG C of sterilizing 30min in high-pressure sterilizing pot are spare.
(2) concentration and separation of bacterial strain
The initial soil sample of this brevibacterium separation comes from Henan Province Pb-Zn ore district periphery arable land, the arable land continuous three
Year apply phosphate fertilizer, choose corn, peanut, fresh kidney beans, sweet potato, willow crop rhizosphere soil.At from 10~20cm of earth's surface, completely
The root of plant is dug out, blocky larger soil block is shaked off using root method is trembled, root soil of the complete root together with adhesion is packed into nothing
Bacterium sealed bag kind saves backup in laboratory of taking back interior for 24 hours in refrigerator in 4 DEG C.
Taking root, a little is scraped off by the soil blade of adhesion above, and particle is slightly larger to be pulverized, will be from corn, flower
Life, fresh kidney beans, sweet potato, willow crop root soil collect and be uniformly mixed.The soil of precise 35g be put into 200mL go from
In the conical flask of 250mL in sub- water, and add in a small amount of root shredded.300r/min magnetic agitations crush soil 40min, quiet
Put layering.Supernatant is taken to observe, bacterium amount is less.
20mL supernatants is taken to be added in 200mL aforesaid liquid culture mediums, at 31 DEG C in 250mL conical flasks, 160r/
The shaking table enrichment culture of min three days, the concentration for being concentrated into bacterium solution reaches 108A/mL takes out shaking flask, supernatant is taken to carry out respectively
10-1、10-2、10-3、10-4、10-5、10-6, the dilution of six gradients.Then 20 μ L is taken to be coated on solid medium good in advance
On tablet, each concentration in triplicate, in being cultivated three days in 31 DEG C of constant temperature fixed beds, observes the variation of flat-plate bacterial colony daily.
(3) strain isolation is identified
The brevibacterium of enrichment is coated on above-mentioned culture medium, and chooses single bacterium colony and carries out further plate streaking.Purifies and separates
Single bacterium colony afterwards carries out strain morphologic observation using scanning electron microscope;Using 16S rDNA clone libraries technologies to detach pure bacterial strain into
Row identification, qualification result show that the bacterial strain category brevibacterium (Brevibacterium sp.) belongs to.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The present invention provides one plant of brevibacterium brevibacterium (Brevibacterium sp.) GRINM L2 bacterial strains, which should
Strain efficiently can release the phosphorus in calcium phosphate in the presence of high concentration of heavy metal ion, form PO4 3-, and PO4 3-It can
To form insoluble metal phosphate with heavy metal ion such as copper, lead, zinc etc..
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the stereoscan photograph of brevibacterium provided by the invention (Brevibacterium sp.) GRINM L2.
Fig. 2 is the phosphorus decomposing effect of brevibacterium provided by the invention.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described by the following examples.
Embodiment 1
Brevibacterium provided by the present invention has carried out preservation, and the Classification And Nomenclature of the bacterium is brevibacterium (Brevibacterium
Sp.) GRINM L2, depositary institution:China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center, address are:Beijing
The institute 3 of city Chaoyang District North Star West Road 1, Institute of Microorganism, Academia Sinica, preservation date:On September 29th, 2016, preservation are compiled
Number:CGMCC No.13064.
The cultural method of brevibacterium of the present invention is as follows:
The culture medium (fluid nutrient medium) of enrichment culture brevibacterium is prepared first:10g/L glucose, 5g/L calcium phosphate,
0.3g/L epsom salts, 0.5g/L ammonium sulfate, 0.3g/L sodium chloride, 0.3g/L potassium chloride, 0.002g/L manganese sulfates, 0.03g/
L ferrous sulfate heptahydrates, 1g/L yeast extracts, 1L water, pH7.3.
Solid medium:10g/L glucose, 5g/L calcium phosphate, 0.3g/L epsom salts, 0.5g/L ammonium sulfate, 0.3g/
L sodium chloride, 0.3g/L potassium chloride, 0.002g/L manganese sulfates, 0.03g/L ferrous sulfate heptahydrates, 1g/L yeast extracts, agar
20g, 0.4% bromophenol blue 6mL, 1L water, pH7.0~7.5.
Above-mentioned culture medium 121 DEG C of sterilizing 30min in high-pressure sterilizing pot are spare.
The soil sample containing brevibacterium that the present invention is obtained, comes from Henan Province Pb-Zn ore district periphery arable land, and the arable land is continuous
3 years apply phosphate fertilizer, choose corn, peanut, fresh kidney beans, sweet potato, willow crop rhizosphere soil.It is complete at from 10~20cm of earth's surface
The whole root for digging out plant shakes off blocky larger soil block using root method is trembled, root soil of the complete root together with adhesion is packed into
Sterile sealed bag kind saves backup in laboratory of taking back interior for 24 hours in refrigerator in 4 DEG C.
Taking root, a little is scraped off by the soil blade of adhesion above, and particle is slightly larger to be pulverized, will be from corn, flower
Life, fresh kidney beans, sweet potato, willow crop root soil collect and be uniformly mixed.The soil of precise 35g be put into 200mL go from
In the conical flask of 250mL in sub- water, and add in a small amount of root shredded.300r/min magnetic agitations crush soil 40min, quiet
Put layering.Supernatant is taken to observe, bacterium amount is less.
Take 20mL supernatants in 200mL aforesaid liquids culture medium and 250mL conical flasks at 31 DEG C, the shaking table of 160r/min is rich
Collection culture three days, the concentration of bacterium solution reaches 108A/mL takes out shaking flask, supernatant is taken to carry out 10 respectively-1、10-2、10-3、10-4、
10-5、10-6, the dilution of six gradients.Then 20 μ l is taken to be coated on solid plate good in advance, each concentration repeats three
It is secondary, in being cultivated three days in 31 DEG C of constant temperature fixed beds, the variation of flat-plate bacterial colony is observed daily, and picking takes single bacterium colony culture.
Strain is analyzed and identified with 16S rDNA clone library technologies.By single bacterium colony 10mL fluid nutrient mediums, 31 DEG C,
160r/min shaking table cultures three days, gained 1mL bacterium solutions centrifuge to obtain bacterium mud, total DNA are extracted, using round pcr with prokaryotes
Universal primer 530f and 1490r expand 16S rDNA segments.PCR product is connect after purification with the T-easy carriers of Promega, is turned
Change bacillus coli DH 5 alpha.The blue colonies of picking determine positive bacterium colony by bacterium colony PCR, and through digestion parting, 4 clones are surveyed
Sequence.Gained sequence relatively shows that the bacterial strain belongs to bacterium for brevibacterium (Brevibacterium sp) through Blast, uses scanning electron microscope
Thalli morphology is observed, thalli morphology is as shown in Figure 1.
By the bacterial strain of identification aforementioned liquids medium culture to bacteria concentration 108A/mL, take within continuous 5 days 5mL solution in from
In heart pipe, at 25 DEG C, 11000r/min centrifuges 5min.The supernatant of 100 μ L is taken respectively according to the measuring process of phosphorus standard curve
Absorbance is measured, the size of titanium pigment concentration is calculated finally by function.
It is 0.187nm, 0.190nm, 0.210nm, 0.241nm, 0.254nm by measurement five days light absorption values of ining succession, leads to
A concentration of 78.11mg/L, 79.22mg/L, 86.62mg/L, 98.08mg/L, 102.89mg/L that function calculates its Leaching Properties of Soluble Phosphorus are crossed,
It can be seen that the strain has the ability of phosphorus in slow mechanism dissolved calcium phosphate, as shown in Figure 2.
By bacterium aforementioned liquids culture medium 200mL shaking flasks culture to bacteria concentration 108A/mL, another setting only add in 200mL
Culture medium is not added with the blank control shaking flask of bacterium, and 30mg PbCl are added in above-mentioned two shaking flask2, 20mg ZnCl2, 10mg
CuCl2, shaking table continues culture 20 days, finds plus bacterium shaking flask Pb concentration reduces by 99%, Zn concentration and reduces by 95%, Cu concentration and reduces
90%, show that the bacterium can release the phosphorus in calcium phosphate under high heavy metal concentration, form PO4 3-, and further with a huge sum of money
Category forms insoluble phosphate.
Bacterium fluid nutrient medium is expanded culture to be inoculated with into farmland, inoculum concentration is per m3Volume 3L, calculates farmland after 1 year
Middle heavy metals immobilization rate is more than 95%, and the effect that the insoluble phosphorus in farmland is converted into titanium pigment is suitable with common slow-release phosphate fertilizer.
From above-described embodiment as can be seen that fixed phosphorus can be converted into solubility by brevibacterium provided by the invention
Phosphorus, one side titanium pigment can form insoluble phosphate with heavy metal, on the other hand in-situ solidifying heavy metal can be plant
Growth, which provides, to be sustained and effective phosphorus, is reduced the dosage of common phosphate fertilizer, is reduced the situation of soil hardening.