CN108239238A - A kind of poly carboxylic acid series water reducer and preparation method thereof, application - Google Patents
A kind of poly carboxylic acid series water reducer and preparation method thereof, application Download PDFInfo
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- CN108239238A CN108239238A CN201611224019.XA CN201611224019A CN108239238A CN 108239238 A CN108239238 A CN 108239238A CN 201611224019 A CN201611224019 A CN 201611224019A CN 108239238 A CN108239238 A CN 108239238A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F283/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass C08G
- C08F283/06—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass C08G on to polyethers, polyoxymethylenes or polyacetals
- C08F283/065—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass C08G on to polyethers, polyoxymethylenes or polyacetals on to unsaturated polyethers, polyoxymethylenes or polyacetals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/16—Sulfur-containing compounds
- C04B24/161—Macromolecular compounds comprising sulfonate or sulfate groups
- C04B24/163—Macromolecular compounds comprising sulfonate or sulfate groups obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B24/165—Macromolecular compounds comprising sulfonate or sulfate groups obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing polyether side chains
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B24/2605—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing polyether side chains
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/38—Polymerisation using regulators, e.g. chain terminating agents, e.g. telomerisation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/30—Water reducers, plasticisers, air-entrainers, flow improvers
- C04B2103/302—Water reducers
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- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of poly carboxylic acid series water reducer and preparation method thereof, applications.It is made by raw material, and raw material includes the component of following mass fractions：100 parts of monomer A, 10~20 parts of liquid unsaturated carboxylic acids, 3~8 parts of unsaturated amides, 0.6~2 part of initiator, 0.15~0.5 part of reducing agent, 80~150 parts of 0.6~2 part of chain-transferring agent, 8~20 parts of neutralizers and water.Each component mutually acts synergistically in water-reducing agent of the present invention, surface tension is adjusted so that with relatively low bleed the bubble being introduced into cementitious material, the finer and close beauty of product surface is greatly reduced, component strength gets a promotion in it；It can promote cement hydration process, improve early strength；Dispersibility is strengthened, and reduces the water consumption of cementitious material, more disperses between particle, degree of hydration is more preferably.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to building material field more particularly to a kind of poly carboxylic acid series water reducer and preparation method thereof, applications.
Background technology
Water-reducing agent is as in addition to cement, sand, stone, water and admixture, an essential big component pushes away in modern concrete
The development of concrete technology is moved.Poly carboxylic acid series water reducer has flexible molecule designability, can prepare height as needed
Protect collapse, high diminishing, early strong, slow setting, the different performances such as bleed or decrement water-reducing agent product, proper formulation is high-strength, superelevation is strong, height
The concrete of the performances such as mobility or high-durability can meet the diversity requirement of contemporary concrete, obtain the one of engineering circles
It causes to praise highly.Meanwhile raw material sources enrich, production technology greenization, it has also become the hot spot of domestic and international water-reducing agent research and development,
And it is widely used in every engineering field.
Concrete 's air-containing is an important factor for influencing maturing intensity, durability and appearance and other effects.Polycarboxylic acids
Based water reducer is a kind of surfactant, can introduce a large amount of irregular bubbles not of uniform size in application process.Air pocket pair
The durability of concrete can cause the intensity of concrete to be greatly reduced there is no any value so that concrete product table
Phenomena such as pitted skin and honeycomb face is presented in face, influences its use value and beauty.With the development and social development of commerical ready-mixed concrete,
And energy saving requirement is stepped up, requirement of the precast concrete to early strength is higher and higher, further shortens
Or the deduction and exemption steam-cured time is one of effective approach for reducing energy consumption and cost.In order to reduce the energy and cost, construction is saved
Period, therefore precast concrete is higher and higher to steam-cured time requirement, early strength is higher, when can reach shortening and steam-cured deduction and exemption
Between, be early strength water-reducing agent developing goal.
At present, there are mainly two types of the methods for preparing high-early strength type polycarboxylic acids dehydragent, is compounding and synthesis respectively, and compounding is led
If common small molecule early strength agent is mixed in common poly carboxylic acid series water reducer forms compound system, diminishing, early strong by two is taken into account
Performance, but due to the limitation of small molecule early strength agent type and performance, the adaptability of product is poor, and adjustment, synergy space are little,
The actual requirement of prefabricated components production can not often be met；Such as the defects of late strength of concrete amplification can be caused to slow down.Mesh
Before, although early-strength polyethers also has been reported that, not from the aspect of the angle for reducing air content further improves intensity, because
And also further room for promotion, promote non-evaporating foster walk to reality.Synthetic method is set including poly carboxylic acid series water reducer molecular structure
Meter and grafting have early powerful functional group, and this method filters out specific function monomer and makes an addition to during high performance water-reducer,
It realizes the modification and optimization to diminishing agent molecule, is a hot spot direction of following high-early strength type polycarboxylic acids dehydragent development.So
And the air content of the high-early strength type polycarboxylic acids dehydragent obtained by current synthetic method is still higher, and early strong effect unobvious.
Chinese patent literature CN104150807A discloses a kind of prestressed high-strength concrete pile polycarboxylate water-reducer, although this subtracts
When aqua is applied to concrete, concrete has many advantages, such as that low entraining, setting time are short, intensity is high, but the water-reducing agent is being made
During standby, need to carry out at 75~80 DEG C, reaction temperature is higher；And the solution of its essence not from polyether structure
Although the bleed sex chromosome mosaicism of polycarboxylic acids, concrete 's air-containing decrease, but be still up to 3.2~3.4%.
Invention content
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to overcome the early-strength polycarboxylic acids that in the prior art prepared by synthetic method
The defects of based water reducer air content is high, reaction temperature is higher in preparation process, provides a kind of poly carboxylic acid series water reducer and its system
Preparation Method, application.In the water-reducing agent of the present invention, each component mutually acts synergistically, its surface tension is adjusted, makes it have relatively low
Bleed, the bubble being introduced into cementitious material, the finer and close beauty of product surface is greatly reduced, component strength further obtains
It is promoted；It can promote cement hydration process, further improve early strength；Dispersibility is further promoted, and reduces gelling
The water consumption of material is more disperseed between particle, and degree of hydration is more preferably.
The present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem by the following technical programs.
The present invention provides a kind of poly carboxylic acid series water reducers, are made by raw material, and the raw material includes following mass fractions
Component：100 parts of monomer A, 10~20 parts of monomer B, 3~8 parts of monomer C, 0.6~2 part of initiator, 0.15~0.5 part of reducing agent,
0.6~2 part of chain-transferring agent, 8~20 parts of neutralizers and 80~150 parts of water；
The monomer A general structures are as follows：
Wherein, m=40~140, n=20~70, m or n are integer；R1For CH2=C (CH3)-CH2Or CH2=C
(CH3)-CH2-CH2, R2For
The monomer B is liquid unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer；The monomer C is unsaturated acyl amine monomers.
In the present invention, the poly carboxylic acid series water reducer is made by raw material, the raw material by following mass fractions component
Composition：100 parts of monomer A, 10~20 parts of monomer B, 3~8 parts of monomer C, 0.6~2 part of initiator, 0.15
~0.5 part of reducing agent, 0.6~2 part of chain-transferring agent, 8~20 parts of neutralizers and 80~150 parts of water.
In the present invention, the monomer A can be made by this field conventional method, can be preferably made by following step：
(i) under oxygen-free atmosphere, into the mixture comprising initiator alcohol and catalyst, ethylene oxide is first added dropwise, carries out
After first time ring-opening polymerization, first time slaking reaction, then propylene oxide is added dropwise, carries out second of ring-opening polymerization, the
Post cure is reacted to get polyethers；Wherein, the initiator is CH2=C (CH3)-CH2- OH or CH2=C (CH3)-CH2-CH2-
The molar ratio of OH, the ethylene oxide and the initiator alcohol is (40~140)：1, the propylene oxide and the initiator alcohol
Molar ratio be (20~70):1；The general structure of the polyethers is as shown in Formula II：
(ii) mixture obtained by step (i) is cooled down, after being mixed with catalyst, then after phosphoric acid is added dropwise, through curing to obtain the final product.
In step (i), the oxygen-free atmosphere can be that this field is conventional, preferably nitrogen and/or argon gas.
In step (i), the catalyst and the initiator alcohol are preferably advanced before the ring-opening polymerization is carried out
Row pretreatment.The pretreatment can be the pretreatment operation of this field routine, preferably carry out in the steps below：In oxygen-free atmosphere
Under, the catalyst and the initiator alcohol under 105~115 DEG C of temperature, pressure -0.095~-0.085MPa, dehydration 25~
35min.More preferably carry out in the steps below：Under oxygen-free atmosphere, the catalyst and the initiator alcohol 110 DEG C of temperature,
Under pressure -0.09MPa, it is dehydrated 30min.
In step (i), the catalyst can be strong alkali catalyst commonly used in the art, preferably KOH,
NaOH、KOCH3And NaOCH3In it is one or more.The dosage of the catalyst can be that this field is conventional, preferably described
0.05~1wt% of beginning agent alcohol dosage, more preferably 0.15~0.4wt% for the initiator alcohol dosage.
In step (i), the temperature of the first time ring-opening polymerization and second of ring-opening polymerization can be this
Field is conventional, independently preferably is 120~160 DEG C, independently more preferably is 130 DEG C~150 DEG C.The first time open loop gathers
The pressure for closing reaction and second of ring-opening polymerization can be that this field is conventional, preferably it independently is 0.05~
0.35MPa independently more preferably is 0.2~0.3MPa.The temperature of the first time slaking reaction and second of slaking reaction
Degree and pressure are identical with the temperature and pressure of " the first time ring-opening polymerization or second of ring-opening polymerization ".Institute
The time for stating first time slaking reaction and second of slaking reaction can be that this field is conventional, preferably it independently is 25~
35min independently more preferably is 30min.
In step (i), the molar ratio of the ethylene oxide and the initiator alcohol is preferably (40~85)：1.According to this
Field common sense, the molar ratio of the ethylene oxide and the initiator alcohol is in polyether structure formula or modified polyether structural formula
m：1.
In step (i), the molar ratio of the propylene oxide and the initiator alcohol is preferably (30~50)：1, more preferably
For (30~35):1.According to common sense in the field, the molar ratio of the propylene oxide and the initiator alcohol is polyether structure formula
Or the n in modified polyether structural formula：1.
In step (ii), the temperature after cooling can be that this field is conventional, preferably 75~80 DEG C.
In step (ii), the catalyst can be the catalyst of this field routine, preferably p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid.It is described to urge
The dosage of agent can be that this field is conventional, preferably 0.01~0.05% of polyether quality obtained by step (i), be more preferably step
Suddenly 0.03~0.04% of polyether quality obtained by (i).
In step (ii), the dosage of the phosphoric acid can be that this field is conventional, preferably with step (i) obtained by polyethers mole
Than being 1:1.
In step (ii), the time of the dropwise addition can be that this field is conventional, preferably 1.5~2h.
In step (ii), the time of the curing can be that this field is conventional, and preferably 1~2h is more preferably 1.5h.
In the present invention, the number-average molecular weight of the monomer A is preferably 4000~8000g/mol, more preferably for 5000~
6000g/mol。
In the present invention, the m is preferably 40~85.
In the present invention, the n is preferably 30~50, is more preferably 30~35.
In the present invention, the monomer B can be liquid unsaturated carboxylic acid class monomer commonly used in the art, preferably third
Olefin(e) acid and/or methacrylic acid.The dosage of the monomer B is preferably 12~15 parts.
In the present invention, the monomer C can be the unsaturated acyl amine monomer of this field routine, preferably acryloyl
It is one or more in amine, N hydroxymethyl acrylamide and 2- acrylamide-2-methyl propane sulfonics.The dosage of the monomer C compared with
It is 4~5 parts goodly.
In the present invention, the initiator can be initiator commonly used in the art, preferably ammonium persulfate and/or mistake
Hydrogen oxide.The dosage of the initiator is preferably 0.8~1.6 part.
In the present invention, the reducing agent can be reducing agent commonly used in the art, preferably ascorbic acid, E01 and
E51's is one or more.The E01 and E51 is Shanghai Ying Luosha Chemical Industry Science Co., Ltd commercial product.It is described to go back
The dosage of former agent is preferably 0.2~0.3 part.
In the present invention, the chain-transferring agent can be chain-transferring agent commonly used in the art, preferably thioacetic acid, mercapto
It is one or more in base propionic acid and mercaptoethanol.The dosage of the chain-transferring agent is preferably 0.8~1.6 part, more preferably for
0.8~1 part.
In the present invention, the neutralizer can be neutralizer commonly used in the art, preferably ethanol amine, triethanolamine
With it is one or more in ammonium hydroxide.The dosage of the neutralizer is preferably 10~18 parts, is more preferably 12~18 parts.
The present invention provides a kind of preparation methods of the poly carboxylic acid series water reducer, include the following steps：
(1) it under stirring, after 5~15min of reducing agent solution is added dropwise in advance into mixture A, while is added dropwise again mixed
Close object B；During mixture B dropwise additions, the initiator of remainder is added in；
Wherein, mixture A be 100 parts of monomer A, 40~100 parts of water, 0~4 part of monomer B and 0.4~1.4 part
The mixture of the initiator；
The reducing agent solution is 0.15~0.5 part of reducing agent and the mixture of 20~40 parts of water；The reducing agent
The time for adding of solution is longer 10~30min than the time for adding of the mixture B；
The mixture B is the remaining monomer B, 3~8 parts of monomer C, 0.6~2 part of chain-transferring agent and 20
The mixture of~40 parts of water；The time for adding of the mixture B is 2~4h；
(2) after the reducing agent solution is added dropwise, insulation reaction is after mixing with 8~20 parts of neutralizers
.
In the present invention, in the preparation method of the polycarboxylate water-reducer, step (1) and step (2) preferably can be in temperature
It is carried out under conditions of 5~30 DEG C of degree.
In step (1), the advance time for adding of the reducing agent solution is preferably 10~15min.
In step (1), in the mixture A, the dosage of the water is preferably 60~80 parts.
In step (1), in the mixture A, the dosage of the monomer B is preferably 1 part or 1.5 parts.
In step (1), in the mixture A, the dosage of the initiator is preferably 0.4~0.9 part.
In step (1), the mixture A can be made by this field conventional method, can be preferably made by following step：
Under conditions of 5~30 DEG C of temperature, by 0.4~1.2 part of initiator and " 100 parts of monomer A, 40~100 parts of water
With the mixture of 0~4 part of monomer B " it is uniformly mixed to obtain the final product.
In step (1), the rate of addition of the reducing agent solution can be that this field is conventional, preferably at the uniform velocity.
In step (1), the rate of addition of the mixture B can be that this field is conventional, preferably at the uniform velocity or described mixed
Close at the uniform velocity be added dropwise in the preceding 1/3-2/3 time for adding section of the time for adding of object B 60%~85% the mixture B, during back segment
It is interior that the remaining mixture B is at the uniform velocity added dropwise.
In step (1), preferably when the mixture B time for adding proceeds to half, the remainder is added in
Initiator.
In step (1), in the mixture B, the dosage of the water is preferably 30 parts.
In step (1), the time for adding of the mixture B is preferably 3h.
In step (1), the time for adding of the reducing agent solution is preferably 3~4h, is more preferably 3.5 hours.
In step (2), time of the insulation reaction can be that this field is conventional, preferably 1~2h, more preferably for
1.5h。
The present invention also provides a kind of application of poly carboxylic acid series water reducer in cementitious material.
In the present invention, the cementitious material is cementitious material commonly used in the art, generally cement, mortar, stone
Cream or concrete.
In the present invention, the dosage of the poly carboxylic acid series water reducer can be that this field is conventional, the poly carboxylic acid series water reducer
The solid volume of folding is preferably the 0.02~0.3% of the cementitious material quality, more preferably 0.05 for the cementitious material quality
~0.15%.
On the basis of common knowledge of the art, above-mentioned each optimum condition can be combined arbitrarily to get each preferable reality of the present invention
Example.
The raw materials used in the present invention is commercially available.
The positive effect of the present invention is：
(1) preparation method of the invention is easy, can be used low temperature or the synthesis of room temperature technique (reaction can at 5~30 DEG C into
Row), cost is lower, and industrialized condition is lower, is conducive to popularization and application and large-scale industrial production；
(2) the colourless or yellow transparent liquid of poly carboxylic acid series water reducer of the invention for concentration 45~55%, each component
Mutually synergistic effect is adjusted its surface tension, makes it have relatively low bleed, the gas being introduced into cementitious material is greatly reduced
Bubble, the finer and close beauty of product surface, component strength further get a promotion；It can promote cement hydration process, further improve
Early strength；Dispersibility is further promoted, and is reduced the water consumption of cementitious material, is more disperseed between particle, aquation journey
Degree is more preferably.
Specific embodiment
It is further illustrated the present invention below by the mode of embodiment, but does not therefore limit the present invention to the reality
It applies among a range.Test method without specific conditions in the following example, according to conventional methods and conditions or according to quotient
Product specification selects.
In following embodiments, monomer used is the product of Shanghai Dongda Chemical Co., Ltd.'s production,；Other raw materials are
Commercially available technical grade or SILVER REAGENT.In following embodiments, " part " of material amounts is mass parts, and percentage used is quality hundred
Divide ratio.Reducing agent E01 and E51 are Shanghai Ying Luosha Chemical Industry Science Co., Ltd commercial product；Polyethers DD-524 and polyethers DD-
424 be eastern big chemical commercial product.
Embodiment 1
(1) under stirring, reducing agent solution 10min is added dropwise in advance into mixture A, mixture then is added dropwise simultaneously
B；When the time for adding of mixture B proceeds to half, remaining 0.4 part of initiator (ammonium persulfate) is added in；
Wherein, mixture A is made by following step：By 100 parts of number-average molecular weight be 4000 polyether monomer A and
100 parts of water are added in reaction kettle, are stirred evenly；When system temperature reaches 5 DEG C, 0.4 part of initiator (ammonium persulfate) of addition is caused
Reaction is uniformly mixed to obtain mixture A；
Mixture B is by 12 parts of monomer B (acrylic acid), 4 parts of monomer C (acrylamide), 0.8 part of chain-transferring agent (mercaptoethanol)
It is uniformly mixed with 30 parts of water；The time for adding of mixture B is 2h；Mixture B is at the uniform velocity added dropwise；
Reducing agent solution is mixed for 0.2 part of reducing agent (E01) with 30 parts of water；The time for adding of reducing agent solution is
2h20min；Reducing agent solution is at the uniform velocity added dropwise；
Monomer A general structures are as follows：R1-O-[CH2-CH2O]m-[CH(CH3)CH2O]n-R2
Wherein, m=40, n=35；CH2=C (CH3)-CH2-CH2, R2For
Monomer A is made by following step：
(i) nitrogen is passed through in ethyoxyl polymeric kettle, adds in 100 parts of initiator CH2=C (CH3)-CH2-CH2- OH and
0.05 part of KOH under 105 DEG C of temperature, pressure -0.095MPa, is dehydrated 25min.120 DEG C are warming up to, under 0.05MPa pressure,
First time ring-opening reaction is carried out into 2046 parts of ethylene oxide, sample introduction finishes post curing 25min, is warming up to 140 DEG C, boosts to
0.1MPa carries out second of ring-opening reaction into 2360 parts of propylene oxide, is passed through and finishes curing 30min.
(ii) 75 DEG C are cooled to, 0.45 part of p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid (dosage is the 0.01% of polyether quality) is added in, then drips
Adding 114 parts of phosphoric acid, (molar ratio of phosphoric acid and polyethers is 1:1), time for adding 1.5h keeps the temperature curing 1h after being added dropwise to obtain the final product
Monomer A.
(2) after reducing agent solution is added dropwise, insulation reaction 1h is slow added into 10 parts of neutralizers (ethanol amine), stirring
Uniformly to obtain the final product.
Embodiment 2
(1) under stirring, reducing agent solution 15min is added dropwise in advance into mixture A, mixture then is added dropwise simultaneously
B；When the time for adding of mixture B proceeds to half, remaining 0.6 part of initiator (hydrogen peroxide) is added in；
Wherein, mixture A is made by following step：By 100 parts of number-average molecular weight be 6000 polyether monomer A, 4 parts
Monomer B (methacrylic acid) and 80 parts of water are added in reaction kettle, are stirred evenly；When system temperature reaches 10 DEG C, 1.4 parts of addition is drawn
Agent (hydrogen peroxide) is sent out, initiation reaction is uniformly mixed to obtain mixture A；
Mixture B is by 16 parts of monomer B (methacrylic acid), 8 parts of monomer C (N hydroxymethyl acrylamide) and 2 parts of chain tra nsfers
Agent (mercaptopropionic acid) and 20 parts of water are uniformly mixed；The time for adding of mixture B is 4h；The rate of addition of mixture B：Preceding 2h
The 85% of mixture B mass is at the uniform velocity added dropwise, the 15% of mixture quality is at the uniform velocity added dropwise in rear 2h；
Reducing agent solution is mixed for 0.5 part of reducing agent (ascorbic acid) with 40 parts of water；During the dropwise addition of reducing agent solution
Between be 4h 35min；Reducing agent solution is at the uniform velocity added dropwise；
Monomer A general structures are as follows：R1-O-[CH2-CH2O]m-[CH(CH3)CH2O]n-R2
Wherein, m=40, n=70；R1For CH2=C (CH3)-CH2, R2For
Monomer A is made by following step：
(i) nitrogen is passed through in ethyoxyl polymeric kettle, adds in 100 parts of initiator CH2=C (CH3)-CH2-- OH and 1 part
NaOH under 110 DEG C of temperature, pressure -0.09MPa, is dehydrated 30min.140 DEG C are warming up to, under 0.35MPa pressure, into 2444
Part ethylene oxide carries out first time ring-opening reaction, and sample introduction finishes post curing 35min, is warming up to 160 DEG C, into 5638 parts of propylene oxide
Second of ring-opening reaction is carried out, is passed through and finishes curing 30min.
(ii) 80 DEG C are cooled to, 4.1 parts of p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid (dosage is the 0.05% of polyether quality) is added in, is then added dropwise
(molar ratio of phosphoric acid and polyethers is 1 to 125 parts of phosphoric acid:1), time for adding 1.5h, heat preservation curing 1h is up to single after being added dropwise
Body A.
(2) after reducing agent solution is added dropwise, insulation reaction 1.5h is slow added into 20 parts of neutralizers (ammonium hydroxide), stirring
Uniformly to obtain the final product.
Embodiment 3
(1) under stirring, reducing agent solution 5min is added dropwise in advance into mixture A, mixture then is added dropwise simultaneously
B；When the time for adding of mixture B proceeds to half, remaining 0.2 part of initiator (ammonium persulfate) is added in；
Wherein, mixture A is made by following step：By 100 parts of number-average molecular weight be 8000 polyether monomer A, 1 part
Monomer B (acrylic acid) and 43 parts of water are added in reaction kettle, are stirred evenly；When system temperature reaches 30 DEG C, 0.4 part of initiator is added in
(ammonium persulfate), initiation reaction are uniformly mixed to obtain mixture A；
Mixture B is by 9 parts of monomer B (acrylic acid), 3 parts of monomer C (2- acrylamide-2-methyl propane sulfonics) and 0.6 part of chain
Transfer agent (thioacetic acid) and 40 parts of water are uniformly mixed；The time for adding of mixture B is 3h；The rate of addition of mixture B：
The 60% of mixture B mass is at the uniform velocity added dropwise in preceding 1.5h, and the 40% of mixture quality is at the uniform velocity added dropwise in rear 1.5h；
Reducing agent solution is mixed for 0.3 part of reducing agent (E51) with 20 parts of water；The time for adding of reducing agent solution is 3h
35min；Reducing agent solution is at the uniform velocity added dropwise；
Monomer A general structures are as follows：R1-O-[CH2-CH2O]m-[CH(CH3)CH2O]n-R2
Wherein, m=140, n=30；R1For CH2=C (CH3)-CH2-CH2, R2For
Monomer A is made by following step：
(i) nitrogen is passed through in ethyoxyl polymeric kettle, adds in 100 parts of initiator CH2=C (CH3)-CH2-CH2- OH and
0.15 part of KOCH3, under 115 DEG C of temperature, pressure -0.095MPa, it is dehydrated 35min.130 DEG C are warming up to, under 0.2MPa pressure,
First time ring-opening reaction is carried out into 7162 parts of ethylene oxide, sample introduction finishes post curing 30min, is warming up to 150 DEG C, boosts to
0.3MPa carries out second of ring-opening reaction into 2023 parts of propylene oxide, is passed through and finishes curing 25min.
(ii) 78 DEG C are cooled to, 2.78 parts of p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid (dosage is the 0.03% of polyether quality) is added in, then drips
Adding 114 parts of phosphoric acid, (molar ratio of phosphoric acid and polyethers is 1:1), time for adding 1.8h keeps the temperature curing 2h after being added dropwise to obtain the final product
Monomer A.
(2) after reducing agent solution is added dropwise, insulation reaction 2h is slow added into 8 parts of neutralizers (triethanolamine), stirring
Uniformly to obtain the final product.
Embodiment 4
(1) under stirring, reducing agent solution 10min is added dropwise in advance into mixture A, mixture then is added dropwise simultaneously
B；When the time for adding of mixture B proceeds to half, remaining 0.7 part of initiator (ammonium persulfate) is added in；
Wherein, mixture A is made by following step：By 100 parts of number-average molecular weight be 5000 polyether monomer A, 1.5
It part monomer B (acrylic acid) and adds in reaction kettles, stirs evenly with 60 parts of water；When system temperature reaches 20 DEG C, 0.9 part of addition is drawn
Agent (hydrogen peroxide) is sent out, initiation reaction is uniformly mixed to obtain mixture A；
Mixture B is by 13.5 parts of monomer B (methacrylic acid), 2 parts of monomer C (2- acrylamide-2-methyl propane sulfonics), 2
Part monomer C (N hydroxymethyl acrylamide), 1 part of monomer C (acrylamide), 1 part of chain-transferring agent (mercaptopropionic acid) and 20 parts of water mix
Conjunction uniformly forms；The time for adding of mixture B is 3h；The rate of addition of mixture B：Mixture B mass is at the uniform velocity added dropwise in preceding 1.5h
70%, the 30% of mixture quality is at the uniform velocity added dropwise in rear 1.5h；
Reducing agent solution is mixed for 0.3 part of reducing agent (E51) with 30 parts of water；The time for adding of reducing agent solution is
3.5h；Reducing agent solution is at the uniform velocity added dropwise；
Monomer A general structures are as follows：R1-O-[CH2-CH2O]m-[CH(CH3)CH2O]n-R2
Wherein, m=85, n=20；R1For CH2=C (CH3)-CH2, R2For
Monomer A is made by following step：
(i) nitrogen is passed through in ethyoxyl polymeric kettle, adds in 100 parts of initiator CH2=C (CH3)-CH2- OH and 0.4 part
NaOCH3, under 110 DEG C of temperature, pressure -0.09MPa, it is dehydrated 30min.130 DEG C are warming up to, under 0.2MPa pressure, into 5194
Part ethylene oxide carries out first time ring-opening reaction, and sample introduction finishes post curing 30min, is warming up to 150 DEG C, boosts to 0.3MPa, into
1611 parts of propylene oxide carry out second of ring-opening reaction, are passed through and finish curing 25min.
(ii) 80 DEG C are cooled to, 2.75 parts of p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid (dosage is the 0.04% of polyether quality) is added in, then drips
Adding 136 parts of phosphoric acid, (molar ratio of phosphoric acid and polyethers is 1:1), time for adding 1.6h keeps the temperature curing 1.5h i.e. after being added dropwise
Obtain monomer A.
(2) after reducing agent solution is added dropwise, insulation reaction 1.5h is slow added into 12 parts of neutralizers (triethanolamine),
It stirs evenly to obtain the final product.
Comparative example 1
(1) under stirring, reducing agent solution 10min is added dropwise in advance into mixture A, mixture then is added dropwise simultaneously
B；When the time for adding of mixture B proceeds to half, remaining 0.7 part of initiator (ammonium persulfate) is added in；
Wherein, mixture A is made by following step：By the DD-524 polyethers lists that 100 parts of number-average molecular weight is 2400
It body, 1.5 parts of monomer B (acrylic acid) and adds in reaction kettles, stirs evenly with 60 parts of water；When system temperature reaches 20 DEG C, add in
0.9 part of initiator (hydrogen peroxide), initiation reaction are uniformly mixed to obtain mixture A；
Mixture B is by 13.5 parts of monomer B (methacrylic acid), 2 parts of monomer C (2- acrylamide-2-methyl propane sulfonics), 2
Part monomer C (N hydroxymethyl acrylamide), 1 part of monomer C (acrylamide), 1 part of chain-transferring agent (mercaptopropionic acid) and 20 parts of water mix
Conjunction uniformly forms；The time for adding of mixture B is 3h；The rate of addition of mixture B：Mixture B mass is at the uniform velocity added dropwise in preceding 1.5h
70%, the 30% of mixture quality is at the uniform velocity added dropwise in rear 1.5h；
Reducing agent solution is mixed for 0.3 part of reducing agent (E51) with 40 parts of water；The time for adding of reducing agent solution is
3.5h；Reducing agent solution is at the uniform velocity added dropwise；
(2) after reducing agent solution is added dropwise, insulation reaction 1.5h is slow added into 12 parts of neutralizers (triethanolamine),
It stirs evenly to obtain the final product.
Comparative example 2
(1) under stirring, reducing agent solution 5min is added dropwise in advance into mixture A, mixture then is added dropwise simultaneously
B；When the time for adding of mixture B proceeds to half, remaining 0.2 part of initiator (ammonium persulfate) is added in；
Wherein, mixture A is made by following step：By the DD-424 polyethers lists that 100 parts of number-average molecular weight is 2400
It body, 1 part of monomer B (acrylic acid) and adds in reaction kettles, stirs evenly with 43 parts of water；When system temperature reaches 30 DEG C, 0.4 is added in
Part initiator (ammonium persulfate), initiation reaction are uniformly mixed to obtain mixture A；
Mixture B is turned by 9 parts of monomer B (acrylic acid), 3 parts of monomer C (2- acrylamide-2-methyl propane sulfonics), 0.6 part of chain
It moves agent (thioacetic acid) and 20 parts of water is uniformly mixed；The time for adding of mixture B is 3h；The rate of addition of mixture B：Before
The 60% of mixture B mass is at the uniform velocity added dropwise in 1.5h, and the 40% of mixture quality is at the uniform velocity added dropwise in rear 1.5h；
Reducing agent solution is mixed for 0.3 part of reducing agent (E51) with 40 parts of water；The time for adding of reducing agent solution is 3
35 minutes hours；Reducing agent solution is at the uniform velocity added dropwise；
(2) after reducing agent solution is added dropwise, insulation reaction 2h is stirred evenly to obtain the final product.
Comparative example 3
(1) under stirring, reducing agent solution 15min is added dropwise in advance into mixture A, mixture then is added dropwise simultaneously
B；When the time for adding of mixture B proceeds to half, remaining 0.6 part of initiator (hydrogen peroxide) is added in；
Wherein, mixture A is made by following step：It (should by the polyether monomer A that 100 parts of number-average molecular weight is 6000
Monomer A is same as Example 2), 5 parts of monomer B (methacrylic acid) and 80 parts of water add in reaction kettles, stir evenly；Work as system
Temperature reaches 10 DEG C, adds in 1.4 parts of initiators (hydrogen peroxide), and initiation reaction is uniformly mixed to obtain mixture A；
Mixture B is by 18 parts of monomer B (methacrylic acid), 2 parts of monomer C (N hydroxymethyl acrylamide) and 2 parts of chain tra nsfers
Agent (mercaptopropionic acid) and 20 parts of water are uniformly mixed；The time for adding of mixture B is 4h；The rate of addition of mixture B：Preceding 2h
The 85% of mixture B mass is at the uniform velocity added dropwise, the 15% of mixture quality is at the uniform velocity added dropwise in rear 2h；
Reducing agent solution is mixed for 0.6 part of reducing agent (ascorbic acid) with 40 parts of water；During the dropwise addition of reducing agent solution
Between for 4 hours 35 points；Reducing agent solution is at the uniform velocity added dropwise；
(2) after reducing agent solution is added dropwise, insulation reaction 1.5h is slow added into 6 parts of neutralizers (ammonium hydroxide), and stirring is equal
It is even to obtain the final product.
Effect example
The polycarboxylate water-reducer sample prepared to Examples 1 to 4 and comparative example 1~3 carries out concrete test.Glue during experiment
Gel material uses 42.5 cement of Wan An P.O, sand in fine aggregate use, and coarse aggregate uses rubble, wherein, middle grain fineness number mould used
Number 2.8, clay content 0.3%, ballast grain sizes are 5~20mm, continuous grading, porosity 40%, C40 mix-designs, water-reducing agent
Volume cement quality 0.15%, initial slump is 210 ± 10mm, and result of the test is shown in Table 1.Concrete test is with reference to GB/T
8076-2008《Concrete admixture》、GB/T50080-2002《Standard for test methods of properties of ordinary concrete mixture standard》、GB/
T50081-2002《Standard for test methods of mechanical properties of ordinary concrete》、JGJ55-2011《Design of common concrete proportioning is advised
Journey》Regulation carries out.
1 concrete test result of table
As shown in Table 1, poly carboxylic acid series water reducer is compared than the product of comparative example 1~2 made from the embodiment of the present invention 1~4,
Although water-reducing rate influences less, air content is greatly reduced, and early strength of concrete and later strength obtain also substantially
It improves.Poly carboxylic acid series water reducer is compared than comparative example 3 made from the embodiment of the present invention 1~4, and air content and water-reducing rate are superior to pair
Ratio 3.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of poly carboxylic acid series water reducer, which is characterized in that it is made by raw material, and the raw material includes the group of following mass fractions
Point：100 parts of monomer A, 10~20 parts of monomer B, 3~8 parts of monomer C, 0.6~2 part of initiator, 0.15~0.5 part of reducing agent, 0.6
~2 parts of chain-transferring agents, 8~20 parts of neutralizers and 80~150 parts of water；
The monomer A general structures are as follows：
Wherein, m=40~140, n=20~70, m or n are integer；R1For CH2=C (CH3)-CH2Or CH2=C (CH3)-
CH2-CH2, R2For
The monomer B is liquid unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer；The monomer C is unsaturated acyl amine monomers.
2. poly carboxylic acid series water reducer as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the raw material by following mass fractions component
Composition：100 parts of monomer A, 10~20 parts of monomer B, 3~8 parts of monomer C, 0.6~2 part of initiator, 0.15
~0.5 part of reducing agent, 0.6~2 part of chain-transferring agent, 8~20 parts of neutralizers and 80~150 parts of water.
3. poly carboxylic acid series water reducer as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the monomer A is made by following step：
(i) under oxygen-free atmosphere, into the mixture comprising initiator alcohol and catalyst, ethylene oxide is first added dropwise, carries out first
After secondary ring-opening polymerization, first time slaking reaction, then propylene oxide is added dropwise, carries out second of ring-opening polymerization, second
Slaking reaction is to get polyethers；Wherein, the initiator is CH2=C (CH3)-CH2- OH or CH2=C (CH3)-CH2-CH2- OH,
The molar ratio of the ethylene oxide and the initiator alcohol is (40~140)：1, the propylene oxide and the initiator alcohol
Molar ratio is (20~70):1；The general structure of the polyethers is as follows：
(ii) mixture obtained by step (i) is cooled down, after being mixed with catalyst, then after phosphoric acid is added dropwise, through curing to obtain the final product；
The dosage of the monomer B is 12~15 parts；
The dosage of the monomer C is 4~5 parts；
The dosage of the initiator is 0.8~1.6 part；
The dosage of the reducing agent is 0.2~0.3 part；
The dosage of the chain-transferring agent is 0.8~1.6 part, preferably 0.8~1 part；
And/or the dosage of the neutralizer is 10~18 parts, preferably 12~18 parts.
4. poly carboxylic acid series water reducer as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that in step (i), the oxygen-free atmosphere is nitrogen
And/or argon gas；
In step (i), the catalyst and the initiator alcohol are first pre-processed before the ring-opening polymerization is carried out；
The pretreatment carries out in the steps below：Under oxygen-free atmosphere, the catalyst and the initiator alcohol are in temperature 105~115
DEG C, under pressure -0.095~-0.085MPa, be dehydrated 25~35min；Preferably carry out in the steps below：Under oxygen-free atmosphere, institute
Catalyst and the initiator alcohol are stated under 110 DEG C of temperature, pressure -0.09MPa, is dehydrated 30min；
In step (i), the catalyst is KOH, NaOH, KOCH3And NaOCH3In it is one or more；
In step (i), the dosage of the catalyst is 0.05~1wt% of the initiator alcohol dosage, preferably described
0.15~0.4wt% of beginning agent alcohol dosage；
In step (i), the temperature of the first time ring-opening polymerization and second of ring-opening polymerization independently is 120
~160 DEG C, preferably it independently is 130 DEG C~150 DEG C；The first time ring-opening polymerization and second of ring-opening polymerisation
The pressure of reaction independently is 0.05~0.35MPa, independently preferably is 0.2~0.3MPa；
In step (i), the time of the first time slaking reaction and second of slaking reaction independently is 25~35min,
Preferably it independently is 30min；
In step (i), the molar ratio of the ethylene oxide and the initiator alcohol is (40~85)：1；
And/or in step (i), the molar ratio of the propylene oxide and the initiator alcohol is (30~50)：1, preferably
(30~35):1.
5. poly carboxylic acid series water reducer as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that in step (ii), temperature after cooling is 75
~80 DEG C；
In step (ii), the catalyst is p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid；
In step (ii), the dosage of the catalyst is the 0.01~0.05% of step (i) polyether quality, is preferably walked
Suddenly 0.03~0.04% of polyether quality obtained by (i)；
In step (ii), the dosage of the phosphoric acid is 1 with the molar ratio of step (i) polyethers:1；
In step (ii), the time of the dropwise addition is 1.5~2h；
And/or in step (ii), the time of the curing is 1~2h, preferably 1.5h.
6. poly carboxylic acid series water reducer as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the number-average molecular weight of the monomer A is 4000
~8000g/mol, preferably 5000~6000g/mol；
The m is 40~85；
The n is 30~50, preferably 30~35；
The monomer B is acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid；
The monomer C be acrylamide, N hydroxymethyl acrylamide and one kind in 2- acrylamide-2-methyl propane sulfonics or
It is a variety of；
The initiator is ammonium persulfate and/or hydrogen peroxide；
The reducing agent is the one or more of ascorbic acid, E01 and E51；
The chain-transferring agent is one or more in thioacetic acid, mercaptopropionic acid and mercaptoethanol；
And/or the neutralizer is one or more in ethanol amine, triethanolamine and ammonium hydroxide.
It is 7. a kind of such as the preparation method of claim 1~6 any one of them poly carboxylic acid series water reducer, which is characterized in that it is wrapped
Include following step：
(1) under stirring, after 5~15min of reducing agent solution is added dropwise in advance into mixture A, while mixture is added dropwise again
B；During mixture B dropwise additions, the initiator of remainder is added in；
Wherein, mixture A be 100 parts of monomer A, 40~100 parts of water, 0~4 part of monomer B and 0.4~1.4 part
The mixture of the initiator；
The reducing agent solution is 0.15~0.5 part of reducing agent and the mixture of 20~40 parts of water；The reducing agent
The time for adding of solution is longer 10~30min than the time for adding of the mixture B；
The mixture B is the remaining monomer B, 3~8 parts of monomer C, 0.6~2 part of chain-transferring agent and 20~40
The mixture of part water；The time for adding of the mixture B is 2~4h；
(2) after the reducing agent solution is added dropwise, insulation reaction, with 8~20 parts of neutralizers after mixing to obtain the final product.
8. preparation method as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that step (1) and step (2) are in 5~30 DEG C of temperature
Under the conditions of carry out；
In step (1), the advance time for adding of the reducing agent solution is 10~15min；
In step (1), in the mixture A, the dosage of the water is 60~80 parts；
In step (1), in the mixture A, the dosage of the monomer B is 1 part or 1.5 parts；
In step (1), in the mixture A, the dosage of the initiator is 0.4~0.9 part；
In step (1), the mixture A is made by following step：Under conditions of 5~30 DEG C of temperature, by 0.4~1.2 part
The initiator is uniformly mixed with " mixtures of 100 parts of monomer A, 40~100 parts of water and 0~4 part of monomer B "
To obtain the final product；
In step (1), the rate of addition of the reducing agent solution is at the uniform velocity；
In step (1), the rate of addition of the mixture B is the preceding 1/3-2/ of the time for adding at the uniform velocity or in the mixture B
60%~85% mixture B is at the uniform velocity added dropwise in 3 time for adding sections, the remaining mixing is at the uniform velocity added dropwise in the back segment time
Object B；
In step (1), when the mixture B time for adding proceeds to half, the initiator of the remainder is added in；
In step (1), in the mixture B, the dosage of the water is 30 parts；
In step (1), the time for adding of the mixture B is 3h；
In step (1), the time for adding of the reducing agent solution is 3~4h, preferably 3.5 hours；
And/or in step (2), the time of the insulation reaction is 1~2h, preferably 1.5h.
It is 9. a kind of such as application of the claim 1~6 any one of them poly carboxylic acid series water reducer in cementitious material.
10. application as claimed in claim 9, which is characterized in that the folding of the poly carboxylic acid series water reducer consolidates volume as the glue
The 0.02~0.3% of gel material quality, the 0.05~0.15% of preferably described cementitious material quality.
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