CN108234877A - A kind of space optics image stabilization system and method - Google Patents
A kind of space optics image stabilization system and method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108234877A CN108234877A CN201810062619.3A CN201810062619A CN108234877A CN 108234877 A CN108234877 A CN 108234877A CN 201810062619 A CN201810062619 A CN 201810062619A CN 108234877 A CN108234877 A CN 108234877A
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- Prior art keywords
- image
- light
- microdrive
- image sensor
- camera
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
- H04N23/68—Control of cameras or camera modules for stable pick-up of the scene, e.g. compensating for camera body vibrations
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/64—Imaging systems using optical elements for stabilisation of the lateral and angular position of the image
- G02B27/646—Imaging systems using optical elements for stabilisation of the lateral and angular position of the image compensating for small deviations, e.g. due to vibration or shake
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B5/00—Adjustment of optical system relative to image or object surface other than for focusing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
- H04N23/68—Control of cameras or camera modules for stable pick-up of the scene, e.g. compensating for camera body vibrations
- H04N23/682—Vibration or motion blur correction
- H04N23/685—Vibration or motion blur correction performed by mechanical compensation
- H04N23/687—Vibration or motion blur correction performed by mechanical compensation by shifting the lens or sensor position
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Studio Devices (AREA)
- Adjustment Of Camera Lenses (AREA)
Abstract
Since space background is dark, camera needs to carry out prolonged continuous exposure to take pictures to starry sky, such as continuous exposure 30 minutes.When satellite on space orbit when running, the posture of the space camera (optical sensor) entrained by it can be disturbed by a variety of disturbances, such as satellite platform vibration, the attitude of satellite.The shake that these disturbances will lead to space camera, thus injecting the light path of the light of camera can shift, lead to that before and after the image recorded on image sensor offset will be generated, and cause the degeneration that image quality is more serious, therefore photo thickens.The present invention is in order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, disclose a kind of space optics image stabilization system, including image sensor, light-sensitive device, microdrive and image processing unit, image processing unit analyzes the image data from image sensor, microdrive unit carries out steady picture compensation by controlling the position of image sensor, and light-sensitive device is fixed together with driver.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the photorefractive crystals technical fields in field of aerospace, and it is steady to especially relate to a kind of space optics
As system and method
Background technology
Space camera (optical sensor) entrained by satellite can be by multiple influence (satellite when being run on space orbit
Platform Vibration, attitude of satellite disturbance etc.), these shakes that will cause space camera, and the shake of camera will make injection camera
Light path shift, offset will be generated before and after the image recorded on image sensor, this can cause image quality occur it is tighter
The degeneration of weight, photo will obscure.The present invention compensates the image shift caused by optical axis instantaneous offsets by fast accurate, reaches
To the purpose of stable space camera imaging.
Space camera is surely as technology has vibration damping isolation technology, electronic image stabilizing and photorefractive crystals technology at present.
Vibration damping isolation technology is surely as one kind of technology.Main method, which is that isolation is external, disturbs space camera system
It is dynamic, it is divided into passive and active two ways to reduce influence of the vibration to image quality.Passive form is easily achieved, but in the same of vibration damping
When easily cause resonance, and cannot individually be competent at steady as task；Active form advantage is more, but needs to increase additional dress
It puts.
Electronic image stabilizing, electronic image stabilizing are directly to determine image sequence using the method for Digital Image Processing
The technology for deviating and compensating, this technology have the characteristics that easy to operate, more accurate, small and price is low, energy consumption is small.
But the real-time of the in-orbit calculating of current satellite is bad, is only used in the recovery of picture later stage and analysis.
Photorefractive crystals technology, photorefractive crystals technology are that some optical elements is set to be used as to not in the light path of space camera
Stablize the compensation of picture.Typical photorefractive crystals method is that the direction of sight line is controlled using wedge, by movement or is turned
Dynamic wedge changes the angle and direction of emergent ray, to carry out the supplement as shifting.This typical photorefractive crystals method is suitable for
Smaller environmental condition is vibrated, but the structure of compensator and manufacturing process are too complicated.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of system of the steady picture of space optics, including image sensor, light-sensitive device, micro-
Driver and image processing unit, image processing unit analyze the image data from image sensor, microdrive
Unit carries out steady picture compensation by controlling the position of image sensor, and light-sensitive device is fixed together with driver.
Preferably, the system also includes a controller, which is generated by control algolithm and orders and send to micro-
Driver.
Preferably, the system is a closed-loop system.
Preferably, the light-sensitive device is a camera.
Preferably, the control algolithm is PID control algorithms.
Preferably, the driver is piezoelectric ceramic actuator.
The invention also discloses a kind of space optics digital image stabilization methods, include the following steps：
S41:Obtain optical signal；
S42:Convert optical signals to image data；
S43:Image data is analyzed and processed；
S44:Control signal sends out microdrive according to the analysis and processing result of image data；
S45:Microdrive is according to control signal correction light path.
Preferably, above-mentioned steps S44 is further comprising the steps of：S441：Control signal is generated by control algolithm.
Preferably, the microcontroller is piezoelectric ceramic actuator.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the principle of the present invention block diagram
Specific embodiment
Since space background is dark, camera needs prolonged continuous exposure.Camera in exposure process, lead by various interference
The shake of camera light-sensitive device is caused, the light path for being incident on light-sensitive device changes so that the optical signal that light-sensitive device receives is not
Stopping pregnancy life offset, leads to image blur.In order to eliminate due to the shake of light-sensitive device caused by interference, the present invention is made pottery using piezoelectricity
Porcelain microdrive compensates come the posture to light-sensitive device.The present invention is by microdrive unit, image sensor and image
Manage unit composition.Specific scheme is as follows：Both the light-sensitive device of camera and piezoelectric microactuators device are fixed together, make
Between cannot generate relative displacement.By image processing unit, the optical signal that light-sensitive device receives is analyzed, to front and rear
Two frame pictures carry out pixel comparison, obtain the dither signal of light-sensitive device in real time, this signal is transmitted to controller, calculates control
System instruction, then send control instruction to piezoelectric microactuators device, microdrive makes corresponding position under this control instruction
It moves, offsets the light-sensitive device shake caused by interference.From the perspective of automatic control technology, photorefractive crystals of the invention
System constitutes a closed-loop control system：Wherein light-sensitive device (or camera) is controlled device, its attitude information is exactly
The output signal of whole system, the purpose of control are to remain unchanged the posture of light-sensitive device, that is, are exported as constant value；At image
Reason unit can measure the attitude error of light-sensitive device in real time, play sensor in closed-loop control system；Calculate control
The controller of instruction is a unit to be designed, and PID control algorithms (Proportion may be used
Integral Differential：Pid control algorithm), pid control algorithm is a closed loop control algorithm, therefore to be realized
Pid algorithm, it is necessary on hardware there is closed-loop control, must exactly there is feedback.Although it should be noted that it is called P (ratios here
Example) I (integration) D (differential) control algolithm, but it is not necessary to it can also be PD to be provided simultaneously with these three algorithms, PI or even only
There is the control of P algorithms.The algorithm can carry out intelligence and adjust, and form is simple, and robustness is good, and reliability is high, can adapt to run
Operating mode and nonlinear characteristic, thus be widely used in controlling in engineering, it is a kind of control method of maturation；The micro- drive of piezoelectric ceramics
Dynamic device response controller instruction, real-time compensation attitude error play actuator in closed-loop control system.
As shown in Figure 1, the image sensor of space camera is mounted on microdrive unit, space camera is working
When, image data that image sensor is generated quickly reaches image processing unit, and image processing unit is to the figure that is received
As data are analyzed, generation orders and simultaneously sends microdrive to, microdrive fast accurate response, by controlling image sensing
The position of device compensates the image shift caused by optical axis instantaneous offsets, so as to achieving the purpose that stable space camera imaging.
Wherein microdrive using can the piezoceramic material that precisely responds of high frequency have that response is fast, precision to ensure it
The characteristics of high.Since piezoelectric ceramics response is apart from small, the microdrive made cannot be by controlling image sensor
The movement of spatial triaxial line moves to compensate the picture of dynamic larger generation, then in this invention by controlling the space three of image sensor
Shaft rotation, which is moved, carrys out retrieved image shifting.
Such photorefractive crystals technology is not typical photorefractive crystals technology (reaching steady as purpose by controlling light path), is
The light path of offset is catered to by adjusting the position of image sensor, but is also another amendment light path, thus it is also contemplated that
It is photorefractive crystals class technology.
A kind of flow of the method for the steady picture of space optics of the present processes patent, includes the following steps：
S41：Obtain optical signal；Pass through the optical signal of object captured by the camera lens acquisition of space camera.
S42：Optical signal transmission generates image data to image sensor；
S43：Image data is transferred to image processing unit, processing analysis is carried out to it；
S44：Image processing unit sends out microdrive control signal according to processing analysis result；
S45：Microdrive carries out position adjustment according to control signal to image sensor, so as to correct light path.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, under the premise of not departing from the present invention, several improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications also should be regarded as
Protection scope of the present invention.In addition, although having used some specific terms in this specification, these terms are used for the purpose of
Facilitate explanation, do not limit the present invention in any way.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of space optics image stabilization system, which is characterized in that including image sensor, light-sensitive device, microdrive and image
Processing unit, image processing unit analyze the image data from image sensor, and microdrive unit passes through control
The position of image sensor is steady as compensation to carry out, and light-sensitive device is fixed together with driver.
2. system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the system also includes a controller, which passes through
Control algolithm generation orders and sends microdrive to.
3. system according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the system is a closed-loop system.
4. according to any systems of claim 1-3, which is characterized in that the light-sensitive device is a camera.
5. system according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the control algolithm is PID control algorithms.
6. system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the driver is piezoelectric ceramic actuator.
7. a kind of space optics digital image stabilization method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
S41:Obtain optical signal；
S42:Convert optical signals to image data；
S43:Image data is analyzed and processed；
S44:Control signal sends out microdrive according to the analysis and processing result of image data；
S45:Microdrive is according to control signal correction light path.
8. the method according to the description of claim 7 is characterized in that above-mentioned steps S44 is further comprising the steps of：S441：Pass through
Control algolithm generation control signal.
9. according to the method described in claim 8, it is characterized in that, the microcontroller is piezoelectric ceramic actuator.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810062619.3A CN108234877A (en) | 2018-01-23 | 2018-01-23 | A kind of space optics image stabilization system and method |
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| CN201810062619.3A CN108234877A (en) | 2018-01-23 | 2018-01-23 | A kind of space optics image stabilization system and method |
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| CN201810062619.3A Pending CN108234877A (en) | 2018-01-23 | 2018-01-23 | A kind of space optics image stabilization system and method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111641773A (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2020-09-08 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Image stabilization control system and control method of quick reflector |
| JP7516623B2 (en) | 2019-04-10 | 2024-07-16 | Ｏｍデジタルソリューションズ株式会社 | Celestial body tracking device and celestial body tracking method |
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| JP7516623B2 (en) | 2019-04-10 | 2024-07-16 | Ｏｍデジタルソリューションズ株式会社 | Celestial body tracking device and celestial body tracking method |
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Application publication date: 20180629 |