CN108233551B - Mixed wireless power transmission system based on negative resistance - Google Patents
Mixed wireless power transmission system based on negative resistance Download PDFInfo
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- CN108233551B CN108233551B CN201810104408.1A CN201810104408A CN108233551B CN 108233551 B CN108233551 B CN 108233551B CN 201810104408 A CN201810104408 A CN 201810104408A CN 108233551 B CN108233551 B CN 108233551B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
- H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
Abstract
The invention discloses a hybrid wireless power transmission system based on negative resistance, which comprises a negative resistance and a transmitting circuit which are connected, and a receiving circuit and a load which are connected; the transmitting circuit comprises a coupling electrode plate connected with the primary circuit, a transmitting coil and a primary compensation capacitor, wherein the transmitting coil and the primary compensation capacitor are connected with the coupling electrode plate in series, and the transmitting coil comprises a primary inductor and a transmitting circuit internal resistance which are connected in series; the receiving circuit comprises a coupling electrode plate connected with the secondary side circuit, a receiving coil and a secondary side compensation capacitor which are connected with the coupling electrode plate in series, wherein the receiving coil comprises a secondary side inductor and a receiving circuit internal resistance which are connected in series; the transmitting circuit and the receiving circuit supply power to the load simultaneously through two modes of electric field coupling between the coupling electrode plates and magnetic field coupling between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil, so that wireless power transmission is realized. The invention can increase the transmission distance of the coupling system and realize high-power, long-distance and stable wireless power transmission.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless power transmission, in particular to a hybrid wireless power transmission system based on negative resistance.
Background
The traditional wired power transmission mode has the obvious defects of reducing the flexibility of a power utilization device, being greatly influenced by working environment and the like due to the need of a large number of metal wires and complicated wire-erecting engineering. In order to solve the problem of limitation of the conventional power transmission method, a wireless power transmission technology has been proposed for many years. The mode is convenient to take electricity, saves metal resources, does not need complicated wire-erecting engineering, and overcomes the defects of the traditional wired transmission mode.
The wireless power transmission technology mainly comprises a magnetic field coupling type, an electric field coupling type, a microwave type and the like. Although the microwave transmission distance can reach a far distance, the microwave type microwave energy storage device has the advantages of extremely low efficiency, small power and serious dissipation, and is applied less currently. In practical applications, magnetic field coupling and electric field coupling have been studied more recently due to higher transmission power and higher efficiency. But the transmission performance of both modes is severely limited by the transmission distance. As the distance increases, the transmission efficiency will be greatly reduced, which is not beneficial to the practical application of the system. At present, the transmission distance of electric field coupling type wireless power transmission is in the order of centimeters, and the transmission distance of magnetic field coupling type wireless power transmission is in the order of tens of centimeters. How to effectively increase the distance of wireless power transfer and maintain the system efficiency is an important problem facing the technology at present.
In addition, in the conventional wireless power transmission system, in order to meet the development trend of high frequency and high efficiency, a switch type driving source (power amplifier) such as a class D and class E power amplifier is generally adopted, but the switch type driving source can only be applied to low power occasions; the bridge inverter formed by IGBT and MOSFET is used in high-power occasion, and is matched with different soft switching algorithms to realize power transmission, but the working frequency is low and the transmission distance is short.
Negative resistance is an active component that satisfies ohm's law and the series-parallel rule, where the power in the circuit is negative, releasing electrical energy to the circuit, and it has various implementations, such as using positive resistance and op-amp. Compared with a high-frequency inverter, the negative resistance has the advantages of simple system structure, no need of using MOSFET, high frequency realization and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a hybrid wireless power transmission system based on negative resistance, which takes the negative resistance as a system power source, combines two wireless power transmission modes of magnetic field coupling and electric field coupling to simultaneously supply power to a load, increases the transmission distance of the traditional electric field coupling and magnetic field coupling wireless power transmission, has high transmission power, can keep the transmission efficiency at a very high level, keeps basically constant along with the change of the distance in a long distance range, greatly reduces the sensitivity of the hybrid wireless power transmission system to the transmission distance, and realizes the stable transmission of the system power.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: a hybrid wireless power transmission system based on negative resistance comprises a negative resistance and a transmitting circuit which are connected, and a receiving circuit and a load which are connected; the transmitting circuit comprises a coupling electrode plate connected with a primary circuit, a transmitting coil and a primary compensating capacitor, wherein the transmitting coil and the primary compensating capacitor are connected in series with the coupling electrode plate, the transmitting coil comprises a primary inductor and a transmitting circuit internal resistance which are connected in series, the transmitting circuit internal resistance refers to the sum of all internal resistances of the primary circuit except for a resistor of a secondary side reflected to the primary side, and the primary inductor, the primary compensating capacitor and the transmitting circuit internal resistance are connected in series to form an RLC series resonant circuit; the receiving circuit comprises a coupling electrode plate connected with the secondary side circuit, a receiving coil and a secondary side compensation capacitor, wherein the receiving coil and the secondary side compensation capacitor are connected in series with the coupling electrode plate, the receiving coil comprises a secondary side inductor and a receiving circuit internal resistance which are connected in series, the receiving circuit internal resistance refers to the sum of the internal resistances of all elements of the receiving circuit, and the secondary side inductor, the secondary side compensation capacitor and the receiving circuit internal resistance are connected in series to form an RLC series resonant circuit; the transmitting coil and the receiving coil are opposite in the same name end, electric energy is transmitted between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil through magnetic field coupling, namely the transmitting coil transmits energy to the receiving coil through magnetic field coupling, displacement current can be generated between a coupling electrode plate of the transmitting circuit and a coupling electrode plate of the receiving circuit, namely the coupling electrode plate of the transmitting circuit transmits energy to the coupling electrode plate of the receiving circuit through electric field coupling, and therefore the energy transmitted by the electric field and the magnetic field can simultaneously supply power to a load.
The voltage and current relationship of the negative resistance satisfies the following conditions: v R ＝-i R R, the phase relation satisfies:wherein i is R For the fundamental wave of current flowing through the negative resistance, v R Is the voltage fundamental wave at two ends of the negative resistance, R is the resistance value of the negative resistance, < >>V is R And i R A phase difference between them;
the power of the negative resistance satisfies:wherein, P is the power of negative resistance, and the negative sign indicates that negative resistance outwards emits energy, negative resistance provides the electric energy to the circuit, and its parameter still needs to satisfy:
when (when)When the negative resistance releases energy outwards, the energy is completely absorbed by the internal resistance of the transmitting circuitInternal resistance of circuit and load absorption, wherein L 1 Is the inductance value of the primary inductance, L 2 Is the inductance value of the secondary inductance, R 1 R is the resistance of the internal resistance of the transmitting circuit 2 R is the resistance of the internal resistance of the receiving circuit L Is the resistance of the load.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. meanwhile, two transmission modes of electric field coupling and magnetic field coupling are utilized to wirelessly supply power to a load, so that the transmission efficiency of the system is improved, and the transmission distance is increased.
2. The negative resistance is utilized to replace a high-frequency power source of the traditional wireless power transmission system, so that the technical problem that the current high-frequency and high-power switch converter is difficult to realize can be effectively solved.
3. The system has simple structure and various negative resistance construction modes.
4. The working frequency of the system is determined by the component values in the circuit, and under the working frequency, the system can keep constant high efficiency in a long distance range, so that the sensitivity of the system to the transmission distance is greatly reduced, and the long-distance and high-power stable electric energy transmission is realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a hybrid wireless power transfer system provided in an embodiment.
Fig. 2 is an equivalent circuit schematic diagram of the hybrid wireless power transmission system provided in the embodiment.
Fig. 3 is a waveform diagram of voltage and current of the negative resistance in the embodiment.
Fig. 4 is a waveform diagram of voltage and current of a load in an embodiment.
Fig. 5 is a graph comparing transmission efficiency and transmission distance of a single electric field coupling, single magnetic field coupling wireless power transmission system with those of a hybrid wireless power transmission system in an embodiment.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific examples.
The basic principle of the hybrid wireless power transmission system based on the negative resistance is that two transmission modes of electric field coupling and magnetic field coupling are simultaneously utilized to wirelessly supply power to a load, so that the transmission efficiency of the system is improved, and the transmission distance is increased. In addition, the energy supply to the circuit is realized by utilizing the property of negative resistance to externally generate energy, and a high-frequency power source in the traditional wireless electric energy transmission system is replaced, so that the technical problem that the existing high-frequency and high-power switch converter is difficult to realize is effectively solved, the system is simpler in structure, higher in working frequency, constant in transmission efficiency in a long-distance range and more stable in electric energy transmission.
As shown in fig. 1, the hybrid wireless power transmission system based on negative resistance comprises a negative resistance-R and a transmitting circuit which are connected, and a receiving circuit and a load which are connected; the transmitting circuit comprises a coupling electrode plate connected with the primary circuit, a transmitting coil connected with the coupling electrode plate in series and a primary compensation capacitor C 1 The transmitting coil comprises a primary inductance L connected in series 1 And internal resistance R of transmitting circuit 1 The internal resistance R of the transmitting circuit 1 Refers to the sum of all internal resistances of the primary circuit except the resistance of the secondary to the primary, the primary inductance L 1 Primary side compensation capacitor C 1 And internal resistance R of transmitting circuit 1 The series connection forms an RLC series resonant circuit; the receiving circuit comprises a coupling electrode plate connected with the secondary circuit, a receiving coil connected with the coupling electrode plate in series and a secondary compensation capacitor C 2 The receiving coil comprises a secondary side inductance L connected in series 2 And internal resistance R of receiving circuit 2 The internal resistance R of the receiving circuit 2 Refers to the sum of the internal resistances of all elements of the receiving circuit, and the secondary inductance L 2 Secondary side compensation capacitor C 2 And internal resistance R of receiving circuit 2 The series connection forms an RLC series resonant circuit; the transmitting coil and the receiving coil are opposite in the same name, and electric energy is transmitted between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil through magnetic field coupling, namely the transmitting coil transmits energy to the receiving coil through magnetic field coupling, displacement current can be generated between a coupling electrode plate of the transmitting circuit and a coupling electrode plate of the receiving circuit, and the displacement current is expressed as a coupling capacitor C s1 、C s2 Coupling of the transmitting circuitsThe electrode plates transmit energy to the coupling electrode plates of the receiving circuit through electric field coupling, so that the energy transmitted by the electric field and the magnetic field can simultaneously supply power to the load.
Fig. 2 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the system of the present invention. Wherein the primary inductance L 1 And secondary inductance L 2 The same name ends are opposite; coupling capacitor C s1 And C s2 Represented as series equivalent coupling capacitance C s The expression is as follows:
when the negative resistance connected with the transmitting circuit provides electric energy for the system, the parameters thereof are as follows:
when (when)When the negative resistance releases energy outwards, the energy is completely discharged by the internal resistance R of the transmitting circuit 1 Internal resistance R of receiving circuit 2 And a load R L Absorbing.
The coupling mode of the system is as follows:
wherein omega is 0 For the natural angular frequency of the transmitting circuit and the receiving circuit, is a negative resistance gain coefficient; gamma ray 1 And gamma 2 Loss rates of the respective transmitting and receiving circuits, and +.> γ L Is a load factor; />Is the coupling coefficient between the transmitting and receiving circuits; />Is the capacitive coupling coefficient between the transmitting and receiving circuits; />Is the inductance coupling coefficient between the transmitting and receiving circuits.
The flat plate type coupling mechanism is adopted here, and the relation between the coupling capacitance and the transmission distance d is as follows:
wherein S is the effective area of the coupling electrode plate epsilon 0 For vacuum dielectric constant, ε r Is the relative dielectric constant.
The relation between the mutual inductance of the transmitting coil and the receiving coil and the transmission distance is as follows:
wherein N is 1 、N 2 The turns of the transmitting coil and the receiving coil are respectively r 1 、r 2 The radius of the transmitting coil and the receiving coil are respectively, and mu is magnetic permeability.
The intrinsic angular frequency of the system is
When g=γ 1 +γ 2 When the energy provided by the negative resistance is completely provided by the resistor R of the transmitting circuit 1 Receiving circuit resistor R 2 And a load R L Completely absorbing.
Assuming that the initial energy of the system is stored entirely in the resonant cavity of the transmitting circuit, i.e. let a 1 (0)＝1，a 2 (1) =0, a can be obtained 1 And a 2 The analytical solution of (2) is as follows:
then there is
When kappa is greater than or equal to gamma 2 ，ω≠ω 0 In the time-course of which the first and second contact surfaces,
when kappa < gamma 2 ,ω＝ω 0 In the time-course of which the first and second contact surfaces,
to sum up, the transmission efficiency of the system is
As can be seen from the above equation, if the energy provided by the negative resistance can be completely absorbed by the internal resistance of the transmitting circuit, the internal resistance of the receiving circuit and the load resistance, when the coupling coefficient of the system satisfies the condition that kappa is greater than gamma 2 When the system working angular frequency isTransmission efficiency is maintained->Constant; when the system coupling coefficient satisfies the condition K < gamma 2 When the system working angular frequency is omega 0 Transmission efficiencyThe rate changes with the change of the coupling coefficient kappa between the transmitting circuit and the receiving circuit, the expression is +.>
Let the natural frequency of the transmitting coil and the receiving coil be f 0 =1 MHz, transmitting circuit inductance L 1 And receiving circuit inductance L 2 All 0.25mH, primary compensation capacitance C 1 And a secondary compensation capacitor C 2 Are all 100pF, internal resistance R of transmitting circuit 1 And internal resistance R of receiving circuit 2 All 10 omega, load resistance R L Number of turns of transmitting and receiving coil n=60deg.m 1 ＝N 2 =5, coil radius r 1 ＝r 2 =0.4m, effective area of coupling electrode plate s=0.64 m 2 。
The voltage fundamental wave and current fundamental wave relation of the negative resistance meets the following conditions: v R ＝-i R R, the phase relation satisfies:output power is satisfied->With electric field coupling coefficient k C =0.0283, magnetic field coupling coefficient k L As shown in fig. 3, the phase difference between the voltage fundamental wave and the current fundamental wave of the negative resistance is pi, i.e. the electric energy is released outwards. Fig. 4 is a voltage-current waveform of a load, from which it can be seen that the load can obtain stable electric energy.
The relation between the transmission efficiency and the transmission distance of the system obtained by the formula (10) is shown as a solid line in FIG. 5, and is respectively the system efficiency curve according to the invention when the electric field is coupled alone (k is L =0) system efficiency curve and magnetic field alone (let k C =0) system efficiency curve. The solid points are the transmission efficiency of the corresponding system at each different transmission distance obtained by circuit simulation under PSIM environment, so that theoretical analysis and simulation results are consistent. The electric energy provided by satisfying the negative resistance is completely emittedInternal circuit resistance, internal circuit resistance of receiving circuit and load absorption, i.e. at g=γ 1 +γ 2 Under the condition that when the system works at kappa not less than gamma 2 Within the region, transmission efficiency is maintainedConstant, when the system works at kappa < gamma 2 In the region, the transmission efficiency varies with the coupling coefficient between the transmitting circuit and the receiving circuit, which is +.>In addition, the system provided by the invention simultaneously utilizes two coupling modes to transmit electric energy, so that the system keeps the same high efficiency with a single electric field and single magnetic field coupling system based on negative resistance at a short distance, but the critical transmission distance is increased, and the transmission efficiency at a long distance is far higher than that of the two single coupling systems.
According to the analysis, the hybrid wireless power transmission system based on the negative resistance transmits energy simultaneously by two methods of electric field coupling wireless power transmission and magnetic field coupling wireless power transmission, so that the transmission distance of traditional electric field coupling and magnetic field coupling wireless power transmission is increased, and the transmission efficiency is improved; in addition, the negative resistance has the property of releasing power, provides electric energy for a circuit, effectively replaces the function of a high-frequency inversion source, and ensures that the system is simpler in structure. Under the condition of proper parameters, the transmission power of the system is high, the transmission efficiency is kept basically constant in a longer distance range, the sensitivity of the system to the transmission distance is greatly reduced, the electric energy is more stably transmitted, the application in more occasions is facilitated, and the system is worthy of popularization.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, so variations in shape and principles of the present invention should be covered.
Claims (2)
1. A hybrid wireless power transfer system based on negative resistance, characterized in that: comprises a negative resistance and a transmitting circuit which are connected, and a receiving circuit and a load which are connected; the transmitting circuit comprises a coupling electrode plate connected with a primary circuit, a transmitting coil and a primary compensating capacitor, wherein the transmitting coil and the primary compensating capacitor are connected in series with the coupling electrode plate, the transmitting coil comprises a primary inductor and a transmitting circuit internal resistance which are connected in series, the transmitting circuit internal resistance refers to the sum of all internal resistances of the primary circuit except for a resistor of a secondary side reflected to the primary side, and the primary inductor, the primary compensating capacitor and the transmitting circuit internal resistance are connected in series to form an RLC series resonant circuit; the receiving circuit comprises a coupling electrode plate connected with the secondary side circuit, a receiving coil and a secondary side compensation capacitor, wherein the receiving coil and the secondary side compensation capacitor are connected in series with the coupling electrode plate, the receiving coil comprises a secondary side inductor and a receiving circuit internal resistance which are connected in series, the receiving circuit internal resistance refers to the sum of the internal resistances of all elements of the receiving circuit, and the secondary side inductor, the secondary side compensation capacitor and the receiving circuit internal resistance are connected in series to form an RLC series resonant circuit; the transmitting coil and the receiving coil are opposite in the same name end, electric energy is transmitted between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil through magnetic field coupling, namely the transmitting coil transmits energy to the receiving coil through magnetic field coupling, displacement current can be generated between a coupling electrode plate of the transmitting circuit and a coupling electrode plate of the receiving circuit, namely the coupling electrode plate of the transmitting circuit transmits energy to the coupling electrode plate of the receiving circuit through electric field coupling, and therefore the energy transmitted by the electric field and the magnetic field can simultaneously supply power to a load.
2. A hybrid wireless power transfer system based on negative resistance as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the voltage and current relationship of the negative resistance satisfies the following conditions: v R ＝-i R R, the phase relation satisfies:wherein i is R For the fundamental wave of current flowing through the negative resistance, v R Is the voltage fundamental wave at two ends of the negative resistance, R is the resistance value of the negative resistance, < >>V is R And i R A phase difference between them;
the power of the negative resistance satisfies:wherein, P is the power of negative resistance, and the negative sign indicates that negative resistance outwards emits energy, negative resistance provides the electric energy to the circuit, and its parameter still needs to satisfy:
when (when)When the energy released by the negative resistance is absorbed by the internal resistance of the transmitting circuit, the internal resistance of the receiving circuit and the load, wherein L 1 Is the inductance value of the primary inductance, L 2 Is the inductance value of the secondary inductance, R 1 R is the resistance of the internal resistance of the transmitting circuit 2 R is the resistance of the internal resistance of the receiving circuit L Is the resistance of the load.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014139287A1 (en) * | 2013-03-12 | 2014-09-18 | 海尔集团公司 | Wireless power transmission system adapted for multiload dynamic switching |
| CN106410986A (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2017-02-15 | 华南理工大学 | Fractional order wireless electric energy transmission system using fractional order inductor to counteract internal resistance |
| CN106532979A (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2017-03-22 | 华南理工大学 | Fractional-order wireless power transmission system for offsetting internal resistors by using fractional-order capacitors |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014139287A1 (en) * | 2013-03-12 | 2014-09-18 | 海尔集团公司 | Wireless power transmission system adapted for multiload dynamic switching |
| CN106410986A (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2017-02-15 | 华南理工大学 | Fractional order wireless electric energy transmission system using fractional order inductor to counteract internal resistance |
| CN106532979A (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2017-03-22 | 华南理工大学 | Fractional-order wireless power transmission system for offsetting internal resistors by using fractional-order capacitors |
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