CN108229051A - A kind of method of oil reservoir prediction air foam flooding shaft recovery ratio - Google Patents
A kind of method of oil reservoir prediction air foam flooding shaft recovery ratio Download PDFInfo
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- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 154
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000000205 computational method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 96
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 71
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000184339 Nemophila maculata Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008398 formation water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012417 linear regression Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008258 liquid foam Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005325 percolation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 241000208340 Araliaceae Species 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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Abstract
The invention belongs to oil field development technical field, more particularly to a kind of computational methods of oil reservoir prediction air foam flooding shaft recovery ratio.A kind of method of oil reservoir prediction air foam flooding shaft recovery ratio, includes the following steps：（1）Assuming that injection fluid can gradually form three regions, i.e. froth zone, liquid phase region and gas phase zone, and the displacement stage is divided into before breakthrough of gas and after breakthrough of gas in stratum, judge that the current generation belongs to a certain stage in displacement stage；（2）Current generation to be determined is before breakthrough of gas or after breakthrough of gas, calculates the displacement efficiency and sweep efficiency of froth zone, each region in liquid phase region and gas phase zone under the current generation respectively.（3）Recovery ratio R=displacement efficiency × sweep efficiency.Displacement fluid in oil reservoir is divided into three regions by the present invention, and then the sweep efficiency to each region and oil displacement efficiency calculate respectively, finally obtains the recovery ratio of air foam flooding shaft, and feasibility and operability are strong.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to oil field development technical field, more particularly to a kind of calculating of oil reservoir prediction air foam flooding shaft recovery ratio
Method.
Background technology
Oil recovery is an important evaluation index in oil field development.Oil reservoir can be evaluated by Predicting The Recovery Efficiency to exist
Exploitation effect under different driving mode simultaneously calculates its recoverable reserves, has important meaning for oil field development project and plan implementation
Justice.According to domestic and international a large amount of oil reservoir developments experience have shown that, the factor for influencing oil recovery is various, except oil reservoir spy
It is also closely related with development scheme and driving type outside the factors such as sign, natural energy, formation fluid property, well pattern type.
Air foam flooding shaft as one raising oil recovery effective technology method, at present at home, outer many oil
Good application effect is achieved in the exploitation of field.Investigation is it is found that the method for prediction air foam flooding shaft recovery ratio mainly has object at present
Experimental method and Method for Numerical are managed, shortage improves effective theoretical calculation method.Physical Experiment method by simulate oil reservoir and
Fluid condition, carry out laboratory core displacement test, according to experimental data calculate forecast recovery factor, expend the time it is long, need into
This height, and only uni-dimensional displacement recovery ratio namely the oil displacement efficiency that usually indoor Physical Experiment obtains, are deposited with practical oil reservoir displacement
Recovery ratio difference in sweep efficiency is larger.And Method for Numerical first has to establish fine accurately reservoir geology mould
Type, and with production history data carry out it is good fit on the basis of carry out the prediction of recovery ratio, need a large amount of full and accurate effective
Data information, preliminary preparation amount and later stage calculation processing workload are all very big, equally take also long.
Invention content
The present invention is directed in view of the above-mentioned problems, proposing a kind of the displacement stage to be divided into before breakthrough of gas and after breakthrough of gas
The method for quantitatively calculating recovery ratio stage by stage.
Technical program of the present invention lies in：
A kind of method of oil reservoir prediction air foam flooding shaft recovery ratio, includes the following steps：
（1）Assuming that injection fluid can gradually form three regions, i.e. froth zone, liquid phase region and gas phase zone in stratum, and will drive
It is divided into before breakthrough of gas and after breakthrough of gas for the stage, judges that the current generation belongs to a certain stage in displacement stage；
（2）Current generation to be determined is before breakthrough of gas or after breakthrough of gas, it is each to calculate froth zone, liquid phase region and gas phase zone respectively
Displacement efficiency and sweep efficiency of the region under the current generation；
（3）Recovery ratio R=displacement efficiency × sweep efficiency.
WhenA btfoam +A btwater +A btgas< A total When, i.e. when the sum of three region sweep areas are less than entire reservoir area,
Think that gas is not yet broken through；WhenA btfoam +A btwater +A btgas= A total When, i.e. the sum of three region sweep areas take entire oil
During Tibetan, then it is assumed that gas starts to break through at this time；WhenA btfoam +A btwater= A total When, i.e., water base liquid phase region and foam regions wave
And the sum of area is when taking entire oil reservoir, then it is assumed that gas phase zone is broken through completely at this time；According to definition and permeation fluid mechanics, above-mentioned each area
The area in domain can be by being calculated as follows：
（1）
（2）
（3）
Wherein, 1.CFor the coefficient related with well pattern；When using five-spot pattern,C=0.718；When using anti-seven spot pattern,C=
0.743；When using inverted nine-spot pattern,C=0.525；
②、AndThe respectively pseudo mobility ratio and gas of the pseudo mobility ratio of foam and crude oil, foam solution and crude oil
With the pseudo mobility ratio of crude oil, value is respectively depending on mobility ratio of the corresponding two kinds of fluids under processing conditionMAnd permeability variation
CoefficientV, according to the sweep efficiency fit correlation of mobility ratio fluids different under heterogeneous conditions, by being calculated respectively with following formula：
WhenV≤0.7When,
（4）
WhenV ＞ 0.7When,
(5)
3. it calculatesA foam ：First foam surplus is calculated using the data of half foam life period：
（6）
Wherein,V left For some complete slug elapsed timetFoam residual volume afterwards；V i For a foam slug it is newly formed when
Volume, it is assumed in calculating for the sum of the injection air under strata pressure and bubbling system liquor capacity, therefore namely each
The total injected slurry volume of fluid of slug；TFor half foam life period；
The swept volume of froth zoneV foam It can calculate as follows：
（7）
Wherein,S wc For irreducible water saturation；S orfoam For the residual oil saturation of foam flooding, it is opposite with crude oil that value is equal to foam
Endpoint value when permeability curve Crude Oil relative permeability is 0；
The sweep area of froth zone is as follows：
（8）
The sweep area of water base liquid phase region generates due to foam diabrosis, can be calculated according to its physical significance by following formula：
（9）
Wherein,φFor reservoir pore degree,hFor reservoir thickness,λ water It represents in each injection slug shared by bubbling system solution
Volume ratio,S orwater For the residual oil saturation that foam solution drives, value is equal to foam solution and crude oil permeability saturation curve Central Plains
Endpoint value when oily relative permeability is 0；
The sweep area of gas phase zone fails to be formed the gas generated after the air of foam and foam diabrosis and exists after fluid injection
The affected area that leading edge portion is formed, is represented by according to its physical significance：
（10）
Wherein,λ gas Represent the volume ratio shared by gas in each injection slug,S orgas For the residual oil saturation of gas drive, value
Endpoint value when equal to gas and crude oil permeability saturation curve Crude Oil relative permeability being 0,RRepresent the reaction system of gas
Number is known by low-temperature oxidation reactionR=0.996。
Recovery factor calculation includes three parts, i.e. froth zone recovery ratio, liquid phase region recovery ratio and gas phase zone recovery ratio before breakthrough；
Wherein, recovery factor calculation process in froth zone is as follows：
1. calculate sweep efficiency
Ev foam = Ez foam ×Es foam （11）
Wherein,Es foam For froth zone plane sweep efficiency,Ez foamm For froth zone vertical sweep efficiency
（12）
（13）
Wherein,MFor foam and crude oil mobility ratio,For viscous force and the ratio of gravity
（14）
In formula,μ t Represent liquid foams drainage speed,μ 0 For the viscosity of in-place oil,χFor distance of the oil reservoir along waterflood direction,K x For horizontal stroke
To permeability, Δ ρ is displacement fluid and the density contrast by displacement fluid；
2. calculate displacement efficiency
（15）
In formula,S oi For initial oil saturation；
3. calculate recovery ratio：
RF foam =Ed foam ×Ev foam （16）；
Similarly, recovery ratio process in liquid phase region is as follows：
Ev water =Ez water ×Es water （17）
Wherein,Es water For foam solution plane sweep efficiency,Ez water For foam solution vertical sweep efficiency；Ez water By bubbling system
The mobility ratio of solution and crude oil substitutes into formula（13）It is calculated；
（18）
（19）
Liquid phase region recovery ratioRF water For：
RF water = Ed water ×Ev water （20）
Similarly, recovery ratio process in gas phase zone is as follows：
Ev gas =Ez gas ×Es gas （21）
Wherein,Es gas For gas plane sweep efficiency,Ez gas For gas vertical sweep efficiency；Ez gas By gas and the mobility of crude oil
Than substituting into formula（13）It is calculated；
（22）
（23）
The recovery ratio of gas phase zoneRF gas For：
RF gas = Ed gas ×Ev gas （24）
Overall recovery ratio before breakthrough of gas is：
RF= RF foam +RF water +RF gas 。
Recovery ratio includes three parts, i.e. froth zone recovery ratio, liquid phase region recovery ratio and gas phase zone recovery ratio after breakthrough；
（1）Calculate volumetric sweep efficiency：
For Homogeneous Reservoir, plane sweep efficiency during breakthroughEs bt Such as following formula：
（25）
Post-breakthrough plane sweep efficiencyEs afterbt Such as following formula：
（26）
Wherein,DFor the coefficient about well pattern type, when using five-spot pattern,D=0.2749；When using anti-seven spot pattern,D =0.2351；When using inverted nine-spot pattern,D=0.201；V ibt The volume of fluid is injected during to break through；
For heterogeneous reservoir, plane sweep efficiency during breakthroughEs bt Such as following formula：
（27）
Post-breakthrough plane sweep efficiencyEs afterbt Such as following formula：
（28）
Wherein, coefficientFor limiting post-breakthrough plane sweep efficiency, it is made to be intended to current mobility ratio and permeability variation
Maximum planes sweep efficiency under coefficient conditionEs max , computational methods are as follows：
（29）
Post-breakthrough vertical sweep efficiencyEz afterbt Computational methods are the same as above-mentioned formula（13）；
Volumetric sweep efficiency
Ev afterbt =Ez afterbt ×Es afterbt （33）；
（2）Calculate dynamic oil displacement efficiency, dynamic oil displacement efficiencyE d For：
（34）
Wherein,S d For displacement fluid dynamic saturation degree,For the residual oil saturation under dynamic displacement,；
According to permeation fluid mechanics leading edge water saturation theory, add up injection pore volume multiplePVIt is moisture content to water saturation
The inverse of change rate, i.e.,
（35）
Meanwhile according to percolation hydraulic theory, moisture contentf w It can be expressed as：
（36）
According to oil and foam solution two-phase relative permeabilityK ro WithK rw It is the function of water saturation, can be usually expressed as again：
（37）
Whereina、bFor coefficient, can pass throughWithSemilog plot linear regression acquire；
By formula（37）Substitution formula（36）And derivation, it obtains
（38）
（39）
Above-mentioned accumulative injection pore volume multiple can according to it is accumulative injection fluid amount determine, i.e.,：
（40）
WhereinB w For formation water volume factor,AFor oil area,hFor reservoir thickness,φFor reservoir pore degree,ρ w For foam solution
Density；
It can be acquired using above equation givenPVSeveral mobility ratios, then corresponding moisture content at this time can be acquired by mobility ratio；So
Formula is shunted according to permeation fluid mechanics water phase afterwards, consecutive mean water saturation at this time can be acquiredNamely displacement fluid dynamic
Saturation degreeS d , i.e.,：
（41）
Wherein,μ w For foam fluid viscosity,μ 0 For oil viscosity；
Carry it into the formula of oil displacement efficiency（34）, you can acquire the consecutive mean oil displacement efficiency of oil reservoir at this time：
（42）
（3）Calculate recovery ratio
According to the volumetric sweep efficiency and oil displacement efficiency being calculated, recovery ratio is obtainedRFIt calculates as follows：
RF=Ed×Ev（43）.
DescribedEs max Computational methods it is as follows：
Introduce the value at separation when coefficient of permeability variation changes from low to highV c , can be under according to its relationship with mobility ratio
Formula is calculated：
（30）
Work as coefficient of permeability variationV ＜ V c When, maximum planes sweep efficiency is,
（31）
Work as coefficient of permeability variationV≥V c When, maximum planes sweep efficiency is
（32）.
The technical effects of the invention are that：
Displacement fluid in oil reservoir is divided into three regions by the present invention according to the mechanism of the air foam displacement of reservoir oil, then to each area
The sweep efficiency and oil displacement efficiency in domain calculate respectively, finally obtain the recovery ratio of air foam flooding shaft.Related ginseng in calculation formula
Number is easily obtained, and compared to the method for obtaining air foam flooding shaft recovery ratio by indoor displacement test and reservoir numerical simulation, is needed
Workload it is small, feasibility and operability are strong.It can evaluate and plan for Development Response of Oilfield and a kind of effective technology is provided
Method.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is air foam flooding shaft recovery factor calculation subregion schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
In air foam flooding shaft, due to the unstability of foam itself, the gas and bubbling system for forming foam can be gradual
Separation.With gas and water base bubbling system solution is constantly alternately injected, due to the difference of fluid mobility ratio in stratum, vacation
If injection fluid can gradually form three regions, i.e. froth zone, liquid phase region and gas phase zone in stratum.Since gas flow is more than
Group water solution mobility, group water solution mobility be more than foam mobility, therefore the sequence away from injection well from the near to the remote be followed successively by froth zone,
Liquid phase region and gas phase zone, it is specific as shown in Figure 1.In Fig. 1,A foam 、A water WithA gas Froth zone, liquid phase region and gas phase are represented respectively
Area's area occupied when being formed,A btfoam 、A btwater WithA btgas Then represent three regions under current injection rate respectively respectively
The area occupied can be extended,A total Represent the area of a complete well pattern.
According to above-mentioned subregion and definition, the displacement stage is divided into before breakthrough of gas and after breaking through, then considers each area respectively
The displacement efficiency in domain and the calculating of sweep efficiency finally obtain the recovery ratio of air foam flooding shaft different phase.It is adopted in calculation stages
Before yield, first determine whether which stage displacement is in.
As shown in Figure 1, work asA btfoam +A btwater +A btgas< A total When, i.e. the sum of three region sweep areas are less than entire oil
When hiding area, it is believed that gas is not yet broken through；WhenA btfoam +A btwater +A btgas= A total When, i.e. the sum of three region sweep areas account for
During full entire oil reservoir, then it is assumed that gas starts to break through at this time；WhenA btfoam +A btwater= A total When, i.e., water base liquid phase region is with steeping
When the sum of foam region sweep area takes entire oil reservoir, then it is assumed that gas phase zone is broken through completely at this time；According to definition and permeation fluid mechanics,
The area in above-mentioned each region can be by being calculated as follows：
（1）
（2）
（3）
Wherein, 1.CFor the coefficient related with well pattern；When using five-spot pattern,C=0.718；When using anti-seven spot pattern,C=
0.743；When using inverted nine-spot pattern,C=0.525；
②、AndThe respectively pseudo mobility ratio and gas of the pseudo mobility ratio of foam and crude oil, foam solution and crude oil
With the pseudo mobility ratio of crude oil, value is respectively depending on mobility ratio of the corresponding two kinds of fluids under processing conditionMAnd permeability variation
CoefficientV, according to the sweep efficiency fit correlation of mobility ratio fluids different under heterogeneous conditions, by being calculated respectively with following formula：
WhenV≤0.7When,
（4）
WhenV ＞ 0.7When,
(5)
3. it calculatesA foam ：First foam surplus is calculated using the data of half foam life period：
（6）
Wherein,V left For some complete slug elapsed timetFoam residual volume afterwards；V i For a foam slug it is newly formed when
Volume, it is assumed in calculating for the sum of the injection air under strata pressure and bubbling system liquor capacity, therefore namely each
The total injected slurry volume of fluid of slug；TFor half foam life period；Formula（6）Represent the computational methods of single slug foam surplus, and
The working system that scene is injected using segmentation, therefore the meter in a manner that multiple foam volumes that have passed through different time are added up
Calculate foam surplus.The formation moment of each foam slug comes at the time of all completing injection by two kinds of fluids for forming the slug
It calculates.Therefore by physical significance, the swept volume of froth zoneV foam It can calculate as follows：
（7）
Wherein,S wc For irreducible water saturation；S orfoam For the residual oil saturation of foam flooding, it is opposite with crude oil that value is equal to foam
Endpoint value when permeability curve Crude Oil relative permeability is 0；
After obtaining the swept volume of froth zone, the sweep area of froth zone is as follows：
（8）
The sweep area of water base liquid phase region generates due to foam diabrosis, can be calculated according to its physical significance by following formula：
（9）
Wherein,φFor reservoir pore degree,hFor reservoir thickness,λ water It represents in each injection slug shared by bubbling system solution
Volume ratio,S orwater For the residual oil saturation that foam solution drives, value is equal to foam solution and crude oil permeability saturation curve Central Plains
Endpoint value when oily relative permeability is 0；
The sweep area of gas phase zone fails to be formed the gas generated after the air of foam and foam diabrosis and exists after fluid injection
The affected area that leading edge portion is formed, is represented by according to its physical significance：
（10）
Wherein,λ gas Represent the volume ratio shared by gas in each injection slug,S orgas For the residual oil saturation of gas drive, value
Endpoint value when equal to gas and crude oil permeability saturation curve Crude Oil relative permeability being 0,RRepresent the reaction system of gas
Number is known by low-temperature oxidation reactionR=0.996。
After the displacement stage is determined, consider and calculate to break through preceding and post-breakthrough recovery ratio respectively.
（One）Recovery ratio before breakthrough
Recovery ratio includes three parts, i.e. froth zone recovery ratio, liquid phase region recovery ratio and gas phase zone recovery ratio before breakthrough；
（1）Froth zone recovery factor calculation process is as follows：Since foam stabilization region is far smaller than reservoir area, and its profile control blocks
Effect is apparent, so froth zone is using shaft bottom as the circle ring area of center of circle radius very little, will not break through always.And due to breaking through
Before, injected slurry volume multiple is equal to sweep efficiency, so its swept volume is equal to injection foam volume；
1. calculate sweep efficiency
Ev foam = Ez foam ×Es foam （11）
Wherein,Es foam For froth zone plane sweep efficiency,Ez foamm For froth zone vertical sweep efficiency
（12）
（13）
Wherein,MFor foam and crude oil mobility ratio,For viscous force and the ratio of gravity
（14）
In formula,μ t Represent liquid foams drainage speed,μ 0 For the viscosity of in-place oil,χFor distance of the oil reservoir along waterflood direction,K x For horizontal stroke
To permeability, Δ ρ is displacement fluid and the density contrast by displacement fluid；
2. calculate displacement efficiency
Since foam can play the role of apparent plugging and profile con-trol in air foam flooding shaft, it is therefore assumed that in foam regions, foam
Displacement is piston-like displacement, displacement efficiencyEd foam For definite value, determined by equation below
（15）
In formula,S oi For initial oil saturation；
3. calculate recovery ratio：
RF foam =Ed foam ×Ev foam （16）；
（2）Liquid phase region recovery factor calculation process is as follows：
The volumetric sweep efficiency of liquid phase region is as follows：
Ev water =Ez water ×Es water （17）
Wherein,Es water For foam solution plane sweep efficiency,Ez water For foam solution vertical sweep efficiency；Ez water By bubbling system
The mobility ratio of solution and crude oil substitutes into formula（13）It is calculated；
（18）
According to leading edge theory, before leading edge reaches producing well, the range before leading edge, be averaged displacing fluid saturation always phase
Deng, thus the foam solution dynamic displacement efficiency before breakthroughEd water Constant is should be, is determined by following formula
（19）
Liquid phase region recovery ratioRF water For：
RF water = Ed water ×Ev water （20）
（3）Gas phase zone recovery factor calculation process is as follows：
The volumetric sweep efficiency of gas phase zone is as follows：
Ev gas =Ez gas ×Es gas （21）
Wherein,Es gas For foam solution plane sweep efficiency,Ez gas For foam solution vertical sweep efficiency；Ez gas By gas and crude oil
Mobility ratio substitutes into formula（13）It is calculated；
（22）
（23）
The recovery ratio of gas phase zoneRF gas For：
RF gas = Ed gas ×Ev gas （24）
Overall recovery ratio before breakthrough of gas is：
RF= RF foam +RF water +RF gas 。
（Two）Recovery ratio after breakthrough
（1）Calculate volumetric sweep efficiency：
A：For Homogeneous Reservoir, plane sweep efficiency when being broken through by reservoir engineering method using following formula calculatingEs bt Such as following formula：
（25）
Post-breakthrough plane sweep efficiencyEs afterbt Such as following formula：
（26）
Wherein,DFor the coefficient about well pattern type, when using five-spot pattern,D=0.2749；When using anti-seven spot pattern,D =0.2351；When using inverted nine-spot pattern,D=0.201；V ibt The volume of fluid is injected during to break through；
B：For heterogeneous reservoir, its plane is calculated using the method being modified to the mobility ratio in Homogeneous Reservoir formula and is involved
Coefficient introduces pseudo mobility ratio M*, respectively includes the pseudo mobility ratio of foam and crude oil, foam solution and crude oil pseudo mobility ratioAnd the pseudo mobility ratio of gas and crude oil, the plane of froth zone, liquid phase region and gas phase zone when calculating is broken through respectively
Sweep efficiency
It is calculated with above-mentioned formula（4）With（5）；Plane sweep efficiency during breakthroughEs bt Such as following formula：
（27）
Post-breakthrough plane sweep efficiencyEs afterbt Such as following formula：
（28）
Wherein, coefficientFor limiting post-breakthrough plane sweep efficiency, it is made to be intended to current mobility ratio and permeability variation
Maximum planes sweep efficiency under coefficient conditionEs max , computational methods are as follows：
（29）
Calculate maximum planes sweep efficiencyEs max Before, it is firstly introduced into when coefficient of permeability variation changes from low to high at separation
ValueV c , can be calculated according to its relationship with mobility ratio by following formula：
（30）
Work as coefficient of permeability variationV ＜ V c When, maximum planes sweep efficiency is,
（31）
Work as coefficient of permeability variationV≥V c When, maximum planes sweep efficiency is
（32）.
WhereinEs c It is equal to for coefficient of permeability variationV c When plane sweep efficiency.
Vertical sweep efficiencyEz afterbt Computational methods are the same as above-mentioned formula（13）；
Volumetric sweep efficiency
Ev afterbt =Ez afterbt ×Es afterbt （33）；
（2）Calculate dynamic oil displacement efficiency, dynamic oil displacement efficiencyE d For：
（34）
Wherein,S d For displacement fluid dynamic saturation degree,For the residual oil saturation under dynamic displacement,；
According to permeation fluid mechanics leading edge water saturation theory, add up injection pore volume multiplePVIt is moisture content to water saturation
The inverse of change rate, i.e.,
（35）
Meanwhile according to percolation hydraulic theory, moisture contentf w It can be expressed as：
（36）
According to oil and foam solution two-phase relative permeabilityK ro WithK rw It is the function of water saturation, can be usually expressed as again：
（37）
Whereina、bFor coefficient, can pass throughWithSemilog plot linear regression acquire；
By formula（37）Substitution formula（36）And derivation, it obtains
（38）
（39）
Above-mentioned accumulative injection pore volume multiple can according to it is accumulative injection fluid amount determine, i.e.,：
（40）
WhereinB w For formation water volume factor,AFor oil area,hFor reservoir thickness,φFor reservoir pore degree,ρ w For foam solution
Density；
It can be acquired using above equation givenPVSeveral mobility ratios, then corresponding moisture content at this time can be acquired by mobility ratio；So
Formula is shunted according to permeation fluid mechanics water phase afterwards, consecutive mean water saturation at this time can be acquiredNamely displacement fluid dynamic is full
And degreeS d , i.e.,：
（41）
Wherein,μ w For foam fluid viscosity,μ 0 For oil viscosity；
Carry it into the formula of oil displacement efficiency（34）, you can acquire the consecutive mean oil displacement efficiency of oil reservoir at this time：
（42）
（3）Calculate recovery ratio
According to the volumetric sweep efficiency and oil displacement efficiency being calculated, recovery ratio is obtainedRFIt calculates as follows：
RF=Ed×Ev（43）.
Embodiment 1
A kind of this method of oil reservoir prediction air foam flooding shaft recovery ratio is verified using oil field actual production data：
It is domestic that 80 wellblock of Tang is located at northern Shensi Yan'an Gan Guyi towns, and main oil-bearing layer position is Triassic Yanchang Formation Chang6 oil layer formation, oil
It is 441 meters to hide average buried depth, average pore 7.9%, mean permeability 0.82 × 10-3μm2, original formation pressure coefficient
0.95,26 ~ 30 DEG C of reservoir temperature belongs to Oil in Super-low Permeability, low pressure, low temperature lithological pool.By reservoir selection and analysis, determine at this
Carry out air foam flooding shaft oil field test in area.Before field test, once a large amount of indoor test and evaluation were carried out for the area
Research, achieves than more comprehensive parameter data, refers to table 1.
1 Tang of table, 80 wellblock indoor test parameter value（Under formation condition）
Indoors on the basis of comprehensive study, preferably the area 54 well groups of clump and 55 well group of clump have carried out air injection foam flooding mining site
Experiment, well group oil area 0.58km2, oil reservoir group effective thickness 10m.In accumulative injection foam solution 494.27m3, add up air injection
528.34m3（Formation condition lower volume）Oil well of being benefited afterwards starts to see gas, calculates air according to live cumulative oil production data at this time
Foam flooding staggered oil recovery ratio is 1.79%.When statistical data, add up injection foam solution 5909.32m3, add up air injection
20209.24m3（Formation condition lower volume）, well group, which is constantly in, sees the gas stage, is calculated according to live cumulative oil production data empty
Gas foam drives staggered oil recovery ratio and reaches 7.61%.
According to table 1 and above-mentioned relevant parameter, using a kind of this method of oil reservoir prediction air foam flooding shaft recovery ratio to above-mentioned
The recovery ratio of well group air injection foam flooding different phase carries out prediction calculating, the i.e. accumulative injection foam solution before gas is seen
494.27m3, add up air injection 528.34m3（Formation condition lower volume）When recovery factor calculation result be 1.92%；In accumulative note
Enter foam solution 5909.32m3, add up air injection 20209.24m3（Formation condition lower volume）When recovery factor calculation result be
8.26%.The absolute error of results of prediction and calculation and live real data result of calculation is respectively 0.13% and 0.65% twice, relatively
Error is respectively 7.26% and 8.54%, meets required precision of the relative error control within 10% in engineering calculation.Illustrate this
A kind of accuracy and applicability of the method for oil reservoir prediction air foam flooding shaft recovery ratio can be that oil reservoir air foam flooding shaft effect is commented
Valency and Correlative plan provide foundation and reference.
The meaning representated by each physical quantity for being related to is illustrated in above-mentioned, concrete unit is respectively such as
Under： A foam 、A water 、A gas 、A btfoam 、A btwater 、A btgas 、A total 、AThe unit Jun Wei ㎡ of homalographic；V i 、V left 、V ibt 、V foam
Isometric unit is；μ w Withμ 0 Isoviscous unit is；Δ ρ andρ w Isopycnic unit is㎏/㎥；h
Unit with the space scales such as χ is m；μ t Unit is m/d；K x Unit be md；TUnit be min.Mobility ratio parameter、、、M, saturation parametersS wc 、S oi 、S orfoam 、S owater 、S orgas 、、S d 、, sweep efficiencyEv foam 、Es foam 、Ez foam 、Ev water 、Es water 、Ez water 、Es gas 、Ez gas 、Es bt 、Es afterbt 、Es max 、Es c 、Ev、Es、Ez, oil displacement efficiencyEd foam 、Ed water 、Ed gas 、Ed, recovery ratioRF foam 、RF water 、RF gas 、RFAndB w 、φ、PV、K ro 、K rw 、fwEtc. parameters be
Zero dimension.
Claims (5)
- A kind of 1. method of oil reservoir prediction air foam flooding shaft recovery ratio, it is characterised in that：Include the following steps：（1）Assuming that injection fluid can gradually form three regions, i.e. froth zone, liquid phase region and gas phase zone in stratum, and will drive It is divided into before breakthrough of gas and after breakthrough of gas for the stage, judges that the current generation belongs to a certain stage in displacement stage；（2）Current generation to be determined is before breakthrough of gas or after breakthrough of gas, it is each to calculate froth zone, liquid phase region and gas phase zone respectively Displacement efficiency and sweep efficiency of the region under the current generation；（3）Recovery ratio R=displacement efficiency × sweep efficiency.
- 2. a kind of method of oil reservoir prediction air foam flooding shaft recovery ratio according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：A btfoam +A btwater +A btgas< A total When, i.e. when the sum of three region sweep areas are less than entire reservoir area, it is believed that gas is not yet broken through；A btfoam +A btwater +A btgas= A total When, i.e. when the sum of three region sweep areas take entire oil reservoir, then it is assumed that gas at this time Start to break through；WhenA btfoam +A btwater= A total When, i.e., the sum of water base liquid phase region and foam regions sweep area take entire oil During Tibetan, then it is assumed that gas phase zone is broken through completely at this time；According to definition and permeation fluid mechanics, the area in above-mentioned each region can be by with following formula It calculates：（1）（2）（3）Wherein, 1.CFor the coefficient related with well pattern；When using five-spot pattern,C=0.718；When using anti-seven spot pattern,C= 0.743；When using inverted nine-spot pattern,C=0.525；②、AndThe respectively pseudo mobility ratio and gas of the pseudo mobility ratio of foam and crude oil, foam solution and crude oil With the pseudo mobility ratio of crude oil, value is respectively depending on mobility ratio of the corresponding two kinds of fluids under processing conditionMAnd permeability variation CoefficientV, according to the sweep efficiency fit correlation of mobility ratio fluids different under heterogeneous conditions, by being calculated respectively with following formula：WhenV≤0.7When,（4）WhenV ＞ 0.7When,（5）3. it calculatesA foam ：First foam surplus is calculated using the data of half foam life period：（6）Wherein,V left For some complete slug elapsed timetFoam residual volume afterwards；V i For a foam slug it is newly formed when Volume, it is assumed in calculating for the sum of the injection air under strata pressure and bubbling system liquor capacity, therefore namely each The total injected slurry volume of fluid of slug；TFor half foam life period；The swept volume of froth zoneV foam It can calculate as follows：（7）Wherein,S wc For irreducible water saturation；S orfoam For the residual oil saturation of foam flooding, it is opposite with crude oil that value is equal to foam Endpoint value when permeability curve Crude Oil relative permeability is 0；The sweep area of froth zone is as follows：（8）The sweep area of water base liquid phase region generates due to foam diabrosis, can be calculated according to its physical significance by following formula：（9）Wherein,φFor reservoir pore degree,hFor reservoir thickness,λ water It represents in each injection slug shared by bubbling system solution Volume ratio,S orwater For the residual oil saturation that foam solution drives, value is equal to foam solution and crude oil permeability saturation curve Central Plains Endpoint value when oily relative permeability is 0；The sweep area of gas phase zone fails to be formed the gas generated after the air of foam and foam diabrosis and exists after fluid injection The affected area that leading edge portion is formed, is represented by according to its physical significance：（10）Wherein,λ gas Represent the volume ratio shared by gas in each injection slug,S orgas For the residual oil saturation of gas drive, value Endpoint value when equal to gas and crude oil permeability saturation curve Crude Oil relative permeability being 0,RRepresent the reaction system of gas Number is known by low-temperature oxidation reactionR=0.996。
- 3. a kind of method of oil reservoir prediction air foam flooding shaft recovery ratio according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Before breakthrough Recovery factor calculation includes three parts, i.e. froth zone recovery ratio, liquid phase region recovery ratio and gas phase zone recovery ratio；Wherein, recovery factor calculation process in froth zone is as follows：1. calculate sweep efficiencyEv foam = Ez foam ×Es foam （11）Wherein,Es foam For froth zone plane sweep efficiency,Ez foam For froth zone vertical sweep efficiency（12）（13）Wherein,MFor foam and crude oil mobility ratio,For viscous force and the ratio of gravity（14）In formula,μ t Represent liquid foams drainage speed,μ 0 For the viscosity of in-place oil,χFor distance of the oil reservoir along waterflood direction,K x For horizontal stroke To permeability, Δ ρ is displacement fluid and the density contrast by displacement fluid；2. calculate displacement efficiency（15）In formula,S oi For initial oil saturation；3. calculate recovery ratio：RF foam =Ed foam ×Ev foam （16）；Similarly, recovery ratio process in liquid phase region is as follows：Ev water =Ez water ×Es water （17）Wherein,Es water For foam solution plane sweep efficiency,Ez water For foam solution vertical sweep efficiency；Ez water By bubbling system The mobility ratio of solution and crude oil substitutes into formula（13）It is calculated；（18）（19）Liquid phase region recovery ratioRF water For：RF water = Ed water ×Ev water （20）Similarly, recovery ratio process in gas phase zone is as follows：Ev gas =Ez gas ×Es gas （21）Wherein,Es gas For gas plane sweep efficiency,Ez gas For gas vertical sweep efficiency；Ez gas By gas and the mobility of crude oil Than substituting into formula（13）It is calculated；（22）（23）The recovery ratio of gas phase zoneRF gas For：RF gas = Ed gas ×Ev gas （24）Overall recovery ratio before breakthrough of gas is：RF= RF foam +RF water +RF gas 。
- 4. a kind of method of oil reservoir prediction air foam flooding shaft recovery ratio according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：After breakthrough Recovery ratio includes three parts, i.e. froth zone recovery ratio, liquid phase region recovery ratio and gas phase zone recovery ratio；（1）Calculate volumetric sweep efficiency：For Homogeneous Reservoir, plane sweep efficiency during breakthroughEs bt Such as following formula：（25）Post-breakthrough plane sweep efficiencyEs afterbt Such as following formula：（26）Wherein,DFor the coefficient about well pattern type, when using five-spot pattern,D=0.2749；When using anti-seven spot pattern,D =0.2351；When using inverted nine-spot pattern,D=0.201；V ibt The volume of fluid is injected during to break through；For heterogeneous reservoir, plane sweep efficiency during breakthroughEs bt Such as following formula：（27）Post-breakthrough plane sweep efficiencyEs afterbt Such as following formula：（28）Wherein, coefficientFor limiting post-breakthrough plane sweep efficiency, it is made to be intended to current mobility ratio and permeability variation Maximum planes sweep efficiency under coefficient conditionEs max , computational methods are as follows：（29）Post-breakthrough vertical sweep efficiencyEz afterbt Computational methods are the same as above-mentioned formula（13）；Volumetric sweep efficiencyEv afterbt =Ez afterbt ×Es afterbt （33）；（2）Calculate dynamic oil displacement efficiency, dynamic oil displacement efficiencyE d For：（34）Wherein,S d For displacement fluid dynamic saturation degree,For the residual oil saturation under dynamic displacement,；According to permeation fluid mechanics leading edge water saturation theory, add up injection pore volume multiplePVIt is moisture content to water saturation The inverse of change rate, i.e.,（35）Meanwhile according to percolation hydraulic theory, moisture contentf w It can be expressed as：（36）According to oil and foam solution two-phase relative permeabilityK ro WithK rw It is the function of water saturation, can be usually expressed as again：（37）Whereina、bFor coefficient, can pass throughWithSemilog plot linear regression acquire；By formula（37）Substitution formula（36）And derivation, it obtains（38）（39）Above-mentioned accumulative injection pore volume multiple can according to it is accumulative injection fluid amount determine, i.e.,：（40）WhereinB w For formation water volume factor,AFor oil area,hFor reservoir thickness,φFor reservoir pore degree,ρ w It is liquid-tight for foam Degree；It can be acquired using above equation givenPVSeveral mobility ratios, then corresponding moisture content at this time can be acquired by mobility ratio；So Formula is shunted according to permeation fluid mechanics water phase afterwards, consecutive mean water saturation at this time can be acquiredNamely displacement fluid dynamic Saturation degreeS d , i.e.,：（41）Wherein,μ w For foam fluid viscosity,μ 0 For oil viscosity；Carry it into the formula of oil displacement efficiency（34）, you can acquire the consecutive mean oil displacement efficiency of oil reservoir at this time：（42）（3）Calculate recovery ratioAccording to the volumetric sweep efficiency and oil displacement efficiency being calculated, recovery ratio is obtainedRFIt calculates as follows：RF=Ed×Ev（43）.
- 5. a kind of method of oil reservoir prediction air foam flooding shaft recovery ratio according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：DescribedEs max Computational methods it is as follows：Introduce the value at separation when coefficient of permeability variation changes from low to highV c , can be under according to its relationship with mobility ratio Formula is calculated：（30）Work as coefficient of permeability variationV ＜ V c When, maximum planes sweep efficiency is,（31）Work as coefficient of permeability variationV≥V c When, maximum planes sweep efficiency is（32）.
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