CN108227280A - 一种基于寻常光模式的宽视角液晶显示屏 - Google Patents

一种基于寻常光模式的宽视角液晶显示屏 Download PDF

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CN108227280A
CN108227280A CN201810045150.2A CN201810045150A CN108227280A CN 108227280 A CN108227280 A CN 108227280A CN 201810045150 A CN201810045150 A CN 201810045150A CN 108227280 A CN108227280 A CN 108227280A
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liquid crystal
polaroid
crystal display
viewing angle
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CN108227280B (zh
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王艳卿
陈耀文
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Ruihe Technology Co.,Ltd.
Varitronix Heyuan Display Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

一种基于寻常光模式的宽视角液晶显示屏,包括面偏光片、液晶盒、底偏光片和背光板,所述面偏光片设置在液晶盒的上方,背光板设置在液晶盒的下方,所述背光板与液晶盒之间设置有底偏光片;所述液晶盒包括面玻璃基板、液晶层和底玻璃基板,所述面偏光片贴附在面玻璃基板的上方,所述面玻璃基板的内侧面设置有彩色滤光膜;在底玻璃基板的下表面贴附有底偏光片,在底玻璃基板的内侧面设置有像素电极;所述液晶层设置于彩色滤光膜和像素电极之间。本发明通过对面偏光片、液晶盒和背光板进行特殊处理,以改善液晶显示屏的可视角度和对比度,具有高对比度、广视角的特点,提升产品性能。

Description

一种基于寻常光模式的宽视角液晶显示屏
技术领域
本发明涉及液晶显示屏领域,具体涉及一种基于寻常光模式的宽视角液晶显示屏。
背景技术
液晶显示器经过不断的发展,由最初只能显示简单的黑白字符图形的TN\STN型液晶显示器到目前主流的TFT型液晶显示器,可以显示内容丰富、具有鲜艳彩色效果的各种画面。随着液晶显示器应用的推广普及,TFT型液晶显示器由于具有快响应时间,以及高画质的显示效果被广大消费者所喜爱,然而由于其制作工艺复杂,成本较高,目前只是较多的被用于高端消费电子产品上。
当前数码产品对液晶显示模块的要求日益增加,然而消费者对于高价值的产品也相应的会有较高的品质要求,对于视角宽度与对比度的要求也是越来越高,视角的各向异性和较窄的视角范围一直以来都是液晶显示器的主要弱点,也是阻碍液晶显示器发展的主要因素;而当前较多的TFT液晶显示器仍然有一些显示效果上的缺陷,如从上下左右不同方向视角观察时,背景底色不一致,在有些视角会有漏光现象,对比度会变差,严重影响液晶显示器的显示效果,给消费者带来不好的使用体验,因此,需要对TFT液晶显示器在视角及背景底色方面作进一步改善,以提升产品的性能。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足,本发明的目的旨在提供一种能具有高对比度、广视角,提升产品性能的基于寻常光模式的宽视角液晶显示屏。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:
一种基于寻常光模式的宽视角液晶显示屏,包括面偏光片、液晶盒、底偏光片和背光板,所述面偏光片设置在液晶盒的上方,背光板设置在液晶盒的下方,所述背光板与液晶盒之间设置有底偏光片;所述面偏光片包括三醋酸纤维素、聚乙烯醇、液晶膜涂层和光学补偿膜;所述三醋酸纤维素的上表面依次涂覆有防反射涂层和防眩光涂层,在三醋酸纤维素的下方依次粘贴着聚乙烯醇、液晶膜涂层、光学补偿膜,最下层是一层三醋酸纤维素;所述液晶盒包括面玻璃基板、液晶层和底玻璃基板,所述面偏光片贴附在面玻璃基板的上方,所述面偏光片的上表面依次涂覆有防反射涂层和防眩光涂层;所述面玻璃基板的内侧面设置有彩色滤光膜,在底玻璃基板的下表面贴附有底偏光片,在底玻璃基板的内侧面设置有像素电极;所述液晶层设置于彩色滤光膜和像素电极之间;所述背光板包括聚光膜层、基础层和背光外框;其中聚光膜层和基础层由上至下叠放在背光外框中。
进一步地,所述彩色滤光膜采用低延迟量设计,延迟量设计值设置为小于3nm;所述液晶层的延迟量设置为300~370nm,配合底偏光片上的光学补偿膜,可以使显示屏的可视角度得到大幅提高。
进一步地,所述像素电极设置为垂直栅条状结构,像素电极的栅条排列方向与液晶盒中的液晶分子的排列方向一致。
进一步地,所述面偏光片的吸光轴与像素电极的方向成小于45°角,并与非通电情况下的液晶分子的长轴方向平行。
进一步地,所述底偏光片的吸光轴与像素电极的方向成大于45°角,并与非通电情况下的液晶分子的长轴方向垂直。
进一步地,所述光学补偿膜的光学补偿值设置为270nm,光学补偿膜z轴方向折射率设置为Nz=0.5。优化面偏光片中光学补偿膜的补偿值,与液晶层的光程差值相匹配,补偿膜的光学补偿值与液晶盒内的液晶层的光程差值相互补充,以改善液晶显示屏不同视角方向的可视角度。
进一步地,所述聚光膜层包括一层反射式偏光增亮膜和一层超微距多晶体结构增亮膜,所述反射式偏光增亮膜和超微距多晶体结构增亮膜依次设置在基础层上方。超微距多晶体结构增亮膜具有聚光作用,可以使背光表面亮度增加60%,反射式偏光增亮膜8的透光轴与底偏光片7的透光轴平行,将背光源沿底偏光片7的透光轴方向传入液晶盒内,通过选择性反射背光源系统的光,使其不被底偏光片所吸收,使得显示屏全视角的部分光得以重新利用,增加入射光的亮度,相应液晶显示屏表面亮度也会增加,进而提高液晶显示屏的整体透过率。
进一步地,所述超微距多晶体结构增亮膜的轴与使用情况相关,如果显示屏是横屏方式即超微距多晶体结构增亮膜的轴与显示屏的长边平行,如果显示屏是竖屏方式即超微距多晶体结构增亮膜的轴与显示屏的短边平行。
进一步地,所述基础层包括发光二极管、导光板和扩散膜,所述扩散膜和导光板依次设置在超微距多晶体结构增亮膜下方,所述发光二极管放置在导光板的一侧。
进一步地,发光二极管包括YAG荧光粉的发光二极管和RG荧光粉的发光二极管。
本发明的有益效果在于:
通过在面偏光片上增加防眩光涂层和防反射涂层,改善液晶显示屏在强光环境下可读性;同时优化面偏光片中光学补偿膜的补偿值,与液晶层的光程差值相匹配,以改善液晶显示屏不同视角方向的可视角度;再对背光板增加超微距多晶体结构增亮膜和反射式偏光增亮膜组合,提高背光板表面亮度。使本发明具有高对比度、广视角等优异性能,以提高产品在市场上的竞争力。
附图说明
图1是本发明整体结构示意图;
图2为液晶盒结构示意图;
图3为像素电极设计示意图;
图4为面偏光片结构示意图;
图5为背光板结构示意图;
图6为本发明的视角测试图与当前通用技术对比。
附图标记:1、面偏光片;2、面玻璃基板;3、彩色滤光膜;4、液晶层;5、像素电极;6、底玻璃基板;7、底偏光片;8、反射式偏光增亮膜;9、超微距多晶体结构增亮膜;10、扩散膜;11、发光二极管;12、背光外框;13、导光板;14、防反射涂层;15、防眩光涂层;16、三醋酸纤维素;17、聚乙烯醇;18、液晶膜涂层;19、光学补偿膜。
具体实施方式
下面,结合附图以及具体实施方式,对本发明做进一步描述:
如图1所示,一种基于寻常光模式的宽视角液晶显示屏,所述液晶显示屏采用高级超维场转换技术显示屏,高级超维场转换技术克服了常规平面方向转换技术透光效率低的问题,在宽视角的前提下,实现高的透光效率。所述液晶显示屏包括面偏光片1、液晶盒、底偏光片7和背光板,所述面偏光片1设置在液晶盒的上方,背光板设置在液晶盒的下方,所述背光板与液晶盒之间设置有底偏光片7。面偏光片1贴附在液晶盒的上表面,面偏光片1具有防眩光和防反射功能,可以提高显示屏在强光环境下的可读性;底偏光片7贴附在液晶盒的下表面,以控制底部入射光的偏振方向;背光板为液晶显示屏各个区域提供均匀一致的高亮度的入射光源。
如图2所示,所述液晶盒包括面玻璃基板2、液晶层4和底玻璃基板6,所述面偏光片1贴附在面玻璃基板2的上方,在底玻璃基板6的下表面贴附有底偏光片7,所述面偏光片1的吸光轴与像素电极5的方向成小于45°角,本实施例中所述面偏光片1的吸光轴与像素电极5的方向成30°角,并与非通电情况下的液晶分子的长轴方向平行。所述底偏光片7的吸光轴与像素电极5的方向成大于45°角,本实施例中所述底偏光片7的吸光轴与像素电极5的方向成60°角,并与非通电情况下的液晶分子的长轴方向垂直,面偏光片1与底偏光片7用于将背光板发出的光用偏光的成分加以分离,其中一部分是使其通过,另一部分则是吸收、反射、散射等作用使其隐蔽,使其分色减压控制图像效果。
所述面玻璃基板2的内侧面设置有彩色滤光膜3,彩色滤光膜3用于精确选择欲通过的小范围波段光波,反射掉其他不希望通过的波段,彩色滤光膜3采用低延迟量设计,延迟量设计值小于3nm,本实施例中彩色滤光膜3延迟量设计值为2nm。
在底玻璃基板6的内侧面设置有像素电极5,所述像素电极5设置为垂直栅条状结构,像素电极5的栅条排列方向与液晶盒中的液晶分子的排列方向一致,如图3所示,本发明适用于寻常光模式的液晶显示屏,而寻常光是垂直光轴振动的光,因此像素电极5也设置为垂直方向。在通电情况下,垂直栅条状设计可以使液晶分子成多畴方向扭曲排列,液晶分子长轴方向与入射的偏振光方向可以形成不同的夹角,从而可以改变入射偏振光的偏振态,使得光线可以通过面偏光片1,形成亮态显示。
所述液晶层4设置于彩色滤光膜3和像素电极5之间,中间液晶层4的延迟量为300nm~370nm,本实施例中间液晶层4所采用的延迟量为330nm,配合面偏光片1上的光学补偿膜19,可以使显示屏的可视角度得到大幅提高。
如图4所示,所述面偏光片1包括防反射涂层14,防眩光涂层15,三醋酸纤维素16、聚乙烯醇17、液晶膜涂层18和光学补偿膜19;其中防反射涂层14和防眩光涂层15涂覆依次在上层三醋酸纤维素16的上表面,在三醋酸纤维素16的下方依次粘贴着聚乙烯醇17、液晶膜涂层18、光学补偿膜19,最下层是一层三醋酸纤维素16。所述面偏光片1为一种复合胶片,其上表面有防眩光涂层15和防反射涂层14,使显示屏在强光照射环境下也能观察到清晰的显示效果,改善液晶显示屏在强光环境下可读性。面偏光片1的中间包括一层光学补偿膜19,所述光学补偿膜19的光学补偿值设置为270nm,光学补偿膜19的z轴方向折射率设置为Nz=0.5;优化面偏光片1中光学补偿膜19的补偿值,与液晶层4的光程差值相匹配,此补偿膜的光学补偿值与液晶盒内的液晶层4的光程差值相互补充,以拓宽液晶显示屏各个方向上的可视角度。
因为液晶显示屏本身不会发光,它只是通过液晶分子的旋转控制光的透过与不透过,使人眼看到不同的图案,因此需要背光板为液晶显示屏提供外部光源。
如图5所示,所述背光板包括聚光膜层、背光外框12和基础层,所述基础层包括发光二极管11、导光板13和扩散膜10;所述聚光膜层包括反射式偏光增亮膜8和超微距多晶体结构增亮膜9;其中反射式偏光增亮膜8、超微距多晶体结构增亮膜9、扩散膜10和导光板13由上至下叠放在背光外框12中,发光二极管11放置在导光板13的一侧。超微距多晶体结构增亮膜9具有聚光作用,可以使背光表面亮度增加60%。本发明所述的背光板较传统的背光板增加了超微距多晶体结构增亮膜9和反射式偏光增亮膜8组合,采用同样数量的发光二极管11可以获得更高的表面亮度,相应的使液晶显示屏表面亮度也得以提升,可以成现出优异的显示效果。
所述反射式偏光增亮膜8的透光轴与底偏光片7的透光轴互相平行。将背光源沿底偏光片7的透光轴方向传入液晶盒内,增加入射光的亮度,相应液晶显示屏表面亮度也会增加,进而提高液晶显示屏的整体透过率。
所述超微距多晶体结构增亮膜的轴与使用情况相关,如果显示屏是横屏方式即超微距多晶体结构增亮膜的轴与显示屏的长边平行,如果显示屏是竖屏方式即超微距多晶体结构增亮膜的轴与显示屏的短边平行。
其中所述发光二极管11包括普通的YAG荧光粉的发光二极管和RG荧光粉的发光二极管。
工作原理如下:所述的底偏光片7是一种由多层材料复合后的胶片,使底部背光板发出的散射光源经过底偏光片7后变为单一方向的偏振光,使底部背光板发出的散射光源经过底偏光片7后形成预定方向的偏振光进入液晶盒内。其中通过超微距多晶体结构增亮膜9和反射式偏光增亮膜8组合,提高聚光作用,增加背光表面亮度。预定方向的偏振光经过液晶盒和面偏光片1,通过面偏光片1的光学补偿膜19和液晶盒中的特殊像素电极5设计,以改善液晶显示屏的各方向的可视角度,此外,通过在面偏光片1表面增加防反射涂层14和防眩光涂层15设计,使液晶显示屏在强光环境下也可以观察到清晰的显示效果。
如图6所示,d图为本发明的视角测试图,图6的四个图中的每一个同轴圆环均代表一视角角度,直径越大的圆环所代表的视角越大;图6中右边的数值代表对比度,1000代表1000:1,500代表500:1,如此类推。从图6可以看出,与当前通用技术相比,本发明同一波长的光线都具有20°以上的视角,而其他通用技术中有部分波长的光线的视角超出低于20°,因此可以得出,本发明的基于寻常光模式的液晶显示屏相比与当前通用技术具有较宽的视角;同时图6中右边的对比度数值可以看出,本发明的对比度与当前通用技术相比具有较高的对比度,配合增亮膜的设置,使得显示屏具有较高的亮度值,因此在较高的亮度值下,对比度越高,本发明所能显示的色彩层次越丰富。即本发明可实现具有高对比度、广视角、防眩光及防反射等优异性能的液晶显示屏。
对本领域的技术人员来说,可根据以上描述的技术方案以及构思,做出其它各种相应的改变以及形变,而所有的这些改变以及形变都应该属于本发明权利要求的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.一种基于寻常光模式的宽视角液晶显示屏,其特征在于,包括面偏光片、液晶盒、底偏光片和背光板,所述面偏光片设置在液晶盒的上方,背光板设置在液晶盒的下方,所述背光板与液晶盒之间设置有底偏光片;所述面偏光片包括三醋酸纤维素、聚乙烯醇、液晶膜涂层和光学补偿膜;所述三醋酸纤维素的上表面依次涂覆有防反射涂层和防眩光涂层,在三醋酸纤维素的下方依次粘贴着聚乙烯醇、液晶膜涂层、光学补偿膜,最下层是一层三醋酸纤维素;所述液晶盒包括面玻璃基板、液晶层和底玻璃基板,所述面偏光片贴附在面玻璃基板的上方,所述面偏光片的上表面依次涂覆有防反射涂层和防眩光涂层;所述面玻璃基板的内侧面设置有彩色滤光膜,在底玻璃基板的下表面贴附有底偏光片,在底玻璃基板的内侧面设置有像素电极;所述液晶层设置于彩色滤光膜和像素电极之间;所述背光板包括聚光膜层、基础层和背光外框;其中聚光膜层和基础层由上至下叠放在背光外框中。
2.根据权利要求1所述的基于寻常光模式的宽视角液晶显示屏,其特征在于,所述彩色滤光膜采用低延迟量设计,延迟量设计值设置为小于3nm;所述液晶层的延迟量设置为300~370nm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的基于寻常光模式的宽视角液晶显示屏,其特征在于,所述像素电极设置为垂直栅条状结构,像素电极的栅条排列方向与液晶盒中的液晶分子的排列方向一致。
4.根据权利要求1所述的基于寻常光模式的宽视角液晶显示屏,其特征在于,所述面偏光片的吸光轴与像素电极的方向成小于45°角,并与非通电情况下的液晶分子的长轴方向平行。
5.根据权利要求1所述的基于寻常光模式的宽视角液晶显示屏,其特征在于,所述底偏光片的吸光轴与像素电极的方向成大于45°角,并与非通电情况下的液晶分子的长轴方向垂直。
6.根据权利要求1所述的基于寻常光模式的宽视角液晶显示屏,其特征在于,所述光学补偿膜的光学补偿值设置为270nm,光学补偿膜z轴方向折射率设置为Nz=0.5。
7.根据权利要求1所述的基于寻常光模式的宽视角液晶显示屏,其特征在于,所述聚光膜层包括一层反射式偏光增亮膜和一层超微距多晶体结构增亮膜,所述反射式偏光增亮膜和超微距多晶体结构增亮膜依次设置在基础层上方;所述反射式偏光增亮膜的透光轴与底偏光片的透光轴互相平行。
8.根据权利要求7所述的基于寻常光模式的宽视角液晶显示屏,其特征在于,所述超微距多晶体结构增亮膜的轴与使用情况相关,如果显示屏是横屏方式即超微距多晶体结构增亮膜的轴与显示屏的长边平行,如果显示屏是竖屏方式即超微距多晶体结构增亮膜的轴与显示屏的短边平行。
9.根据权利要求7所述的基于寻常光模式的宽视角液晶显示屏,其特征在于,所述基础层包括发光二极管、导光板和扩散膜,所述扩散膜和导光板依次设置在超微距多晶体结构增亮膜下方,所述发光二极管放置在导光板的一侧。
10.根据权利要求9所述的基于寻常光模式的宽视角液晶显示屏,其特征在于,所述发光二极管包括YAG荧光粉的发光二极管和RG荧光粉的发光二极管。
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